CN115163000B - Drilling and anti-spraying hole device and method based on compressed air power - Google Patents
Drilling and anti-spraying hole device and method based on compressed air power Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/011—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling anti-spraying hole device and a drilling anti-spraying hole method based on compressed air power, which have the functions of fast deslagging, dust cleaning and fast gas extraction in the drilling process, and can be used for identifying and judging whether spraying holes occur in a drill hole or not by monitoring the gas concentration through a methane concentration detector in a blowout prevention main body so as to send out an audible and visual alarm to a worker, and then the worker can realize fast opening and closing of a pneumatic butterfly valve I and a pneumatic butterfly valve II through a valve start-stop button group. In addition, through the mutual switching control of two pneumatic butterfly valves, close the dust removal pipeline valve and seal whole blowout preventer, improved the gas extraction concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling and anti-spraying hole device and method based on compressed air power, which are suitable for preventing and controlling spraying hole accidents in the process of drilling holes in high-gas and outburst coal seams to extract gas, and belong to the technical field of mine gas disaster prevention and control.
Background
70% of the mines in China are high gas mines, of which 30% are prominent. The occurrence of gas disasters seriously affects the safe production of coal mines. Gas extraction is a fundamental technology for solving mine gas disasters. However, as the coal seam mining depth increases, the coal seam gas pressure increases, and the coal quality becomes soft, so that in the construction process of drilling holes into the coal seam, under the action of high gas pressure, gas and coal dust are rapidly and largely sprayed into the mining space from the drilled holes, thereby causing gas overrun accidents, and the sprayed coal dust also causes injury to workers in severe cases.
Aiming at the accident of drilling jet holes in a high-gas outburst coal seam, the current jet hole preventing device has the following problems: (1) slag removal difficulty: the soft coal seam is particularly constructed coal, a large amount of coal dust can be sprayed out when the coal is sprayed out, and the coal cinder capacity of the common blowout preventer is limited, so that slag cannot be timely discharged. (2) no dust collector: when drilling normally, dust is very big, and many blowout preventers do not possess the dust removal function. (3) gas extraction is not sealed: when the spray holes are formed, the blowout preventer and the drill holes are not sealed, so that air in the roadway enters the drill holes and is extracted by the gas extraction pipeline, the gas concentration is reduced, and the gas concentration in the gas extraction pipeline is diluted. In addition, the explosion-proof requirement of the high-gas outburst mine on the electrical equipment is extremely high, so that the use of the electric equipment in the mine is severely limited. Therefore, how to provide a device and a method, slag and dust can be timely removed in the drilling construction process, and in addition, if jet holes occur, gas extraction can be timely performed, so that not only can the influence of the jetted coal dust on personnel be prevented, but also the purpose of improving the gas extraction concentration is realized, and the device and the method are one of the research directions in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the drilling anti-spraying hole device and the drilling anti-spraying hole method based on the compressed air power, which can timely carry out slag discharge and dust removal in the drilling construction process without electric equipment, and can timely carry out gas extraction if spraying holes occur, thereby not only preventing sprayed coal dust from affecting personnel, but also realizing the purpose of improving the concentration of gas extraction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on compressed air power comprises a three-way pipe, an anti-spraying main body, a first pneumatic butterfly valve, a second pneumatic butterfly valve, a gas concentration overrun early warning device, a dust bag and a coal cinder collector;
the three-way pipe is a hollow pipe with two open ends, and a slag discharging port is formed in the side part of the hollow pipe close to one end;
the blowout prevention main body is fixed on the foot rest and consists of a box body and a slag discharging funnel, the slag discharging funnel is fixed at the lower part of the box body, and the upper port of the slag discharging funnel is communicated with the inside of the box body; the upper end of the box body is provided with a first box body outlet, two sides of the box body are respectively provided with a box body inlet and a second box body outlet, the lower port of the slag discharging funnel is provided with a slag discharging valve, the lower port of the slag discharging funnel is in sealing connection with the inlet of the cinder collector, and the outlet of the cinder collector is plugged through a bag binding opening; the inlet of the box body is connected with the slag discharging port of the three-way pipe in a sealing way through a flexible sealing hose; the second box outlet is connected with the inlet of the dust removing bag in a sealing way, and the outlet of the dust removing bag is plugged through a bag binding opening; the first box outlet is connected with one end of a gas extraction hose in a sealing way, and the other end of the gas extraction hose is connected with a gas extraction main pipeline in a sealing way;
the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve are respectively arranged at the joint of the first box outlet and the gas extraction hose and the joint of the second box outlet and the dust bag, the compressed air inlet of the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the compressed air inlet of the second pneumatic butterfly valve are respectively connected with a compressed air pipeline through the pneumatic hose, the compressed air pipeline is provided with a valve start-stop button group, the valve start-stop button group comprises a first valve start-stop button and a second valve start-stop button, and the first valve start-stop button is used for controlling the air supply of the first pneumatic butterfly valve so as to regulate the opening and closing of the first pneumatic butterfly valve; the second valve start-stop button is used for controlling the air supply of the second pneumatic butterfly valve, and further adjusting the opening and closing of the second pneumatic butterfly valve;
the gas concentration overrun early warning device comprises an audible and visual alarm and a methane concentration detector, wherein the audible and visual alarm and the methane concentration detector are fixed at the upper end of the box body, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector stretches into the box body and is used for collecting real-time gas concentration in the box body, the methane concentration detector is connected with the audible and visual alarm, and when the collected real-time gas concentration exceeds a set threshold value, the methane concentration detector controls the audible and visual alarm to send out an early warning prompt.
Further, the pneumatic butterfly valve further comprises a filter, wherein the filter is arranged at the first position of the outlet of the box body and is of a three-layer filter element structure, and the direction from the box body to the first pneumatic butterfly valve is sequentially provided with a macroporous filter element, a mesoporous filter element and a small-hole filter element. By adopting the structure, when the gas extraction main pipeline performs gas extraction on the inside of the tank body, residual cinder and dust in the inside of the tank body are prevented from entering the gas extraction main pipeline along with the gas, and the cleanliness of the gas entering the main pipeline is ensured.
Further, the box body inlet and the box body outlet are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the box body. The dust and the cinder are convenient to separate in the box body, the cinder is heavy in mass and gradually falls into the slag discharging hopper when entering the box body, and meanwhile, the cinder is light and floats to the second box body outlet along with the airflow, so that the cinder and the cinder enter the dust removing bag, and the cinder are separated and collected.
Further, the air pressure hose is in sealing connection with the compressed air inlet of the first pneumatic butterfly valve, the compressed air inlet of the second pneumatic butterfly valve and the compressed air pipeline through quick-insertion structures. The structure is convenient to install and detach.
Further, the gas detection device also comprises a filter screen, wherein the filter screen is arranged in the box body and covers the outside of the detection probe, so that the gas in the box body is collected by the detection probe after being filtered by the filter screen. Through setting up the filter screen, prevent that cinder and dust from causing the influence of other conditions such as jam to the test probe, guarantee test probe to the real-time collection stability of gas concentration in the box.
Further, a flange plate is arranged on the outer side of the slag discharging port, and the slag discharging port is in sealing connection with the flexible sealing hose through the flange plate.
Furthermore, the audible and visual alarm and the methane concentration detector are powered by the built-in explosion-proof batteries.
The working method of the drilling anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power comprises the following specific steps:
A. assembling a mounting tee pipe and a drilling anti-spraying hole device: according to the design scheme of the high gas and outburst coal seam gas pre-extraction drilling hole, one end of a three-way pipe is jacked into a coal seam from a roadway according to the angle and the direction of the gas pre-extraction drilling hole design by using a drilling machine, the other end of the three-way pipe and a slag discharging port are positioned in the roadway outside the drilling hole, a drilling anti-spraying hole device is assembled in the roadway and is respectively connected with a gas extraction total pipeline and a compressed air pipeline, the gas extraction total pipeline and the compressed air pipeline are respectively fixed in the roadway through pipeline brackets, and a threshold value is set for a methane concentration detector;
B. debugging a pneumatic butterfly valve: after the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve are installed, the first valve start-stop button and the second valve start-stop button are repeatedly started for a plurality of times to confirm the respective start-stop stability of the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve, if any one of the first pneumatic butterfly valves cannot be stably started and stopped, the wind pressure in the air pressure pipeline is regulated until the two pneumatic butterfly valves can be stably started and stopped, debugging is completed, the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, and the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state;
C. and (3) constructing a gas pre-pumping drilling hole: starting a drilling machine to adjust the angle and the direction of the drill rod, so that the drill rod penetrates through two ends of the three-way pipe to drill into the coal seam;
D. slag and dust removal in the drilling construction process: drilling cuttings, cinder and dust generated in the normal drilling (using a water drill or an air drill) process of the gas pre-pumping drill hole are discharged through a slag discharge port of a three-way pipe, and then enter a box body through a box body inlet of a blowout prevention main body, wherein the dust floats in the box body and enters a dust removing bag along with air flow from a box body outlet II, the drilling cuttings and cinder are settled in the box body and accumulated in a slag discharge funnel, and a worker periodically untwists a bag bundle port at a dust removing bag outlet according to the accumulation amount of the dust in the dust removing bag to clean the dust; meanwhile, when the gas pre-pumping drill holes are drilled for 2 hours, a worker opens a once deslagging valve to discharge drill cuttings and coal cinder from a deslagging funnel into a coal cinder collector, and according to the discharge capacity of the coal cinder, bag bundle openings at the outlet of the coal cinder collector are regularly opened to clean the coal cinder;
E. extracting gas and deslagging: if the jet hole condition occurs in the drilling process, a large amount of gas and coal dust quickly enter the box body from the slag discharging port through the flexible sealing hose, so that the gas concentration in the box body continuously and quickly rises, the coal dust is settled into the slag discharging funnel to be accumulated, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector collects the gas concentration in the box body in real time, the methane concentration detector compares the collected real-time concentration value with a threshold value, if the real-time concentration value exceeds the set threshold value, the methane concentration detector controls the audible and visual alarm to send out an audible and visual alarm, a worker can timely know to stop construction and start and stop the button group by pressing a valve, the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, a gas extraction main pipeline is communicated with the interior of the box body at the moment, and the dust bag is disconnected with the interior of the box body; because the gas extraction main pipeline is in a negative pressure state, a large amount of sprayed gas in the box body enters the gas extraction main pipeline after being filtered by three layers of filters, so that the phenomenon that the gas exceeds the limit caused by a large amount of gas flowing into a roadway is prevented, and a worker intermittently opens a slag discharge valve to discharge sprayed coal dust into a coal cinder collector in the gas extraction process;
F. sealing the drill rod: when the drilling construction is stopped and gas extraction is carried out, a sealing tape is used for sealing a gap between the three-way pipe and the drill rod, so that air is prevented from being extracted into a gas extraction main pipeline to dilute the gas concentration;
G. and (3) drill withdrawal: when the spray hole is finished, the valve start-stop button group is pressed, so that the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state, at the moment, the gas extraction main pipeline is disconnected with the inside of the box body, and the dust removal bag is connected with the inside of the box body in a recovery way; the drilling machine can be operated to withdraw from the drill rod, the slag discharging and dust removing effects are realized in the drilling withdrawal process by repeating the step D, the three-way pipe is taken out of the gas pre-extraction drill hole after the drilling withdrawal, the gas pre-extraction drill hole is sealed and then is connected to a gas extraction branch pipeline for continuous gas extraction, and therefore the construction anti-spraying hole work of the gas pre-extraction drill hole is completed;
H. continuing to drill the anti-jet hole: and selecting one place, repeatedly executing the steps A to G, and completing the construction anti-spraying hole work of one gas pre-pumping hole, so that the repeated operation is performed, and the whole construction of the designed gas pre-pumping hole is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the combination mode of the power of the underground coal mine air pressure pipeline and the pneumatic butterfly valve, and can realize the rapid start and stop of the valve without electric equipment (namely electric equipment needing an external power supply), thereby timely reacting to the accident of the spray hole; in addition, the invention also has the functions of fast deslagging, dust cleaning and fast gas extraction in the drilling process, and the methane concentration detector in the blowout prevention main body is used for monitoring the gas concentration, so that the recognition and judgment on whether the hole spraying phenomenon occurs in the drilling hole can be made, and further, an audible and visual alarm is sent to staff. The working personnel can rapidly open and close the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve through the valve start-stop button group, the blowout prevention main body can be rapidly switched from a dust removing and slag discharging mode to a gas extraction mode (the first pneumatic butterfly valve is closed and the second pneumatic butterfly valve is opened in the normal drilling process, the box body of the blowout prevention main body is communicated with the dust removing bag and is in a cutting-off state with a gas extraction main pipeline at the moment, dust and coal slag generated in drilling construction can be separated and respectively collected in the box body through floatation and sedimentation in the mode, and the gas extraction mode is in a connecting state with the dust removing bag by opening the first pneumatic butterfly valve and closing the second pneumatic butterfly valve when a spraying hole phenomenon occurs, and in the mode, a large amount of coal dust entering the box body is settled to the slag discharging hopper after being filtered by the filter from the first box body outlet into the main pipeline because the gas extraction main pipeline is in a negative pressure state, so that the separation and the gas coal dust are respectively collected in the box body at the moment in a spraying hole are realized, and the sealing state in a short time are realized, the problem that the blowout prevention main body and the gas extraction main body is in a large amount of coal dust is not in a communication state is caused by cutting-off state with the dust extraction main pipeline at the moment when the traditional valve is opened in a sealing state, and the blowout prevention device is not stopped in time, and the problem is solved. In addition, through the mutual switching control of two pneumatic butterfly valves, close the dust removal pipeline valve and seal whole blowout preventer, improved the gas extraction concentration. Therefore, the invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of gas overrun and accident of hurting people by the jet orifice caused by drilling the jet orifice, has great significance for controlling high gas and outstanding mine gas, and can timely separate and collect slag and dust removal in the drilling construction process, thereby effectively improving the mine production benefit and guaranteeing the mine safety production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the blowout prevention main body structure in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the medium pressure air line control pneumatic butterfly valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of the slag discharging hopper section of fig. 1.
In the figure: the coal seam mining device comprises a coal seam, a 2-roadway, a 3-gas pre-extraction drill hole, a 4-drill rod, a 5-three-way pipe, a 6-flange plate, a 7-flexible sealing hose, an 8-blowout prevention main body, an 8-1-box inlet, an 8-2-box outlet I, an 8-3-box outlet II, an 8-4-deslagging funnel lower port, a 9-deslagging funnel, a 10-deslagging valve, an 11-coal cinder collector, a 12-bag beam port, a 13-foot rest, a 14-dust bag, a 15-pipeline bracket, a 16-compressed air pipeline, a 17-air pressure hose, a 18-pneumatic butterfly valve II, a 19-pneumatic butterfly valve I, a 20-filter, a 20-1-macroporous filter element, a 20-2-mesoporous filter element, a 20-3-microporous filter element, a 21-acousto-optic alarm, a 22-methane concentration detector, a 23-filter screen, a 24-gas extraction hose, a 25-gas extraction main pipeline, a 26-valve start button group, a 26-1-first valve start-stop button, a 26-2-second valve start-stop button, a 27-second valve stop button and a 27-coal seam air inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on compressed air power comprises a three-way pipe 5, an anti-spraying main body 8, a first pneumatic butterfly valve 19, a second pneumatic butterfly valve 18, a gas concentration overrun early warning device, a dust removal bag 14 and a cinder collector 11;
the three-way pipe 5 is a hollow pipe with two open ends, a slag discharging port is arranged at the side part of the hollow pipe near one end, and a flange plate 6 is arranged at the outer side of the slag discharging port;
as shown in fig. 2, the blowout prevention main body 8 is fixed on a foot stand 13, and consists of a box body and a slag discharging funnel 9, wherein the slag discharging funnel 9 is fixed at the lower part of the box body, and the upper port of the slag discharging funnel 9 is communicated with the inside of the box body; as shown in fig. 5, the slag discharging funnel 9 is of an inverted trapezoidal funnel-shaped structure, and the upper part is big and the lower part is small; the upper end of the box body is provided with a first box body outlet, two sides of the box body are symmetrically provided with a second box body inlet 8-1 and a second box body outlet 8-3, so that dust and coal cinder can be conveniently separated from each other when entering the box body, the coal cinder can gradually settle to a deslagging funnel 9 when entering the box body due to heavier mass, and meanwhile, the dust is lighter and floats to the second box body outlet 8-3 along with air flow, and then enters a dust removing bag 14, so that the separation and collection of the coal cinder and the dust are realized; the lower port 8-4 of the slag discharging funnel is provided with a slag discharging valve 10, the lower port 8-4 of the slag discharging funnel is connected with the inlet of the cinder collector 11 in a sealing way, and the outlet of the cinder collector 11 is plugged through a bag bundle port 12; the inlet of the box body is connected with the slag discharging port of the three-way pipe 5 in a sealing way through a flexible sealing hose 7 and a flange 6; the second box outlet 8-3 is connected with the inlet of the dust removal bag 14 in a sealing way, and the outlet of the dust removal bag 14 is plugged through the bag binding opening 12; the first box outlet 8-2 is connected with one end of a gas extraction hose 24 in a sealing way, and the other end of the gas extraction hose 24 is connected with a gas extraction main pipeline 25 in a sealing way; the filter 20 is arranged at the first 8-2 part of the outlet of the box body, and is of a three-layer filter element structure as shown in fig. 4, and a large-hole filter element 20-1, a medium-hole filter element 20-2 and a small-hole filter element 20-3 are sequentially arranged from the box body to the first 19 pneumatic butterfly valve. By adopting the structure, when the gas extraction main pipeline 25 is used for extracting gas from the tank body, residual cinder and dust in the tank body can be prevented from entering the gas extraction main pipeline 25 along with the gas, and the cleanliness of the gas entering the main pipeline is ensured.
The connection part of the first box outlet 8-2 and the gas extraction hose 24 and the connection part of the second box outlet 8-3 and the dust removal bag 14 are respectively provided with a first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 and a second pneumatic butterfly valve 18, as shown in fig. 3, the compressed air inlet 28 of the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 and the compressed air inlet 28 of the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 are respectively connected with the compressed air pipeline 16 through the pneumatic hose 17, wherein the pneumatic hose 17 is in sealing connection with the compressed air inlet of the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19, the compressed air inlet of the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 and the compressed air pipeline 16 through quick-insertion structures. The structure is convenient to install and detach. The compressed air pipeline 16 is provided with a valve start-stop button group 26, the valve start-stop button group 26 comprises a first valve start-stop button 26-1 and a second valve start-stop button 26-2, and the first valve start-stop button 26-1 is used for controlling air supply to the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 so as to regulate the opening and closing of the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19; the second valve start-stop button 26-2 is used for controlling the air supply to the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18, and further adjusting the opening and closing of the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18;
the gas concentration overrun early warning device comprises an audible-visual annunciator 21 and a methane concentration detector 22, wherein the audible-visual annunciator 21 and the methane concentration detector 22 are both fixed at the upper end of a box body, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector 22 stretches into the box body and is used for collecting real-time gas concentration in the box body, the gas concentration overrun early warning device further comprises a filter screen 23, the filter screen 23 is arranged in the box body and covers the outer part of the detection probe, and gas in the box body is collected by the detection probe after being filtered by the filter screen 23. The filter screen 23 is arranged, so that the influence of coal slag and dust on other conditions such as blockage of the detection probe is prevented, and the real-time acquisition stability of the detection probe on the gas concentration in the box body is ensured; the methane concentration detector 22 is connected with the audible and visual annunciator 21, and when the acquired real-time gas concentration exceeds a set threshold value, the methane concentration detector 22 controls the audible and visual annunciator 21 to send out an early warning prompt; the audible and visual alarm 21 and the methane concentration detector 22 are powered by the built-in explosion-proof batteries respectively. The audible and visual alarm 21 and the methane concentration detector 22 respectively play roles of alarm prompt and methane concentration detection, so that the power consumption of the audible and visual alarm 21 and the methane concentration detector is extremely low, the requirements can be met by adopting an internal explosion-proof battery, and the underground explosion-proof requirements can be met due to the extremely low power consumption.
The working method of the drilling anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power comprises the following specific steps:
A. assembling a mounting tee pipe and a drilling anti-spraying hole device: according to the design scheme of the high gas and outburst coal seam gas pre-extraction drilling hole, one end of a three-way pipe 5 is jacked into a coal seam 1 from a roadway 2 by using a drilling machine according to the angle and the direction of the gas pre-extraction drilling hole design, the other end of the three-way pipe 5 and a slag discharging hole are positioned in the roadway 2 outside the drilling hole, a drilling anti-spraying hole device is assembled in the roadway 2 and is respectively connected with a gas extraction main pipeline 25 and a compressed air pipeline 16, the gas extraction main pipeline 25 and the compressed air pipeline 16 are respectively fixed in the roadway 2 through pipeline brackets 15, and a threshold value is set for a methane concentration detector 22;
B. debugging a pneumatic butterfly valve: after the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 and the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 are installed, the first valve start-stop button 26-1 and the second valve start-stop button 26-2 are repeatedly started for a plurality of times to confirm the stability of the start and stop of the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 and the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 respectively, if any one of the pneumatic butterfly valves cannot be stably started and stopped, the wind pressure in the compressed air pipeline 16 is regulated until the two pneumatic butterfly valves can be stably started and stopped, debugging work is completed, the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 is in a closed state, and the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 is in an open state;
C. and (3) constructing a gas pre-pumping drilling hole: starting a drilling machine to adjust the angle and the direction of the drill rod, so that the drill rod penetrates through two ends of the three-way pipe 5 to drill into the coal seam 1;
D. slag and dust removal in the drilling construction process: drilling cuttings, coal cinder and dust generated in the normal drilling (water drilling or air drilling) process of the gas pre-pumping drilling hole are discharged through a slag discharge port of the three-way pipe 5 and then enter the box body through a box body inlet 8-1 of the blowout prevention main body 8, wherein the dust floats in the box body and enters the dust removing bag 14 along with air flow from a box body outlet II 8-3, the drilling cuttings and the coal cinder are settled in the box body and accumulated in the slag discharge hopper 9, and a worker periodically unloads a bag bundle port 12 at an outlet of the dust removing bag 14 according to the accumulated amount of the dust in the dust removing bag 14 to clean the dust; meanwhile, when the gas pre-pumping drill hole 3 is drilled for 2 hours, a worker opens a once deslagging valve 10 to discharge drill cuttings and coal cinder from the deslagging hopper 9 into a coal cinder collector 11, and according to the discharge capacity of the coal cinder, bag bundle openings 12 at the outlet of the coal cinder collector 11 are regularly opened to clean the coal cinder;
E. extracting gas and deslagging: if a jet hole condition occurs in the drilling process, a large amount of gas and coal dust quickly enter the box body from a slag discharge port through the flexible sealing hose 7 at the moment, so that the gas concentration in the box body continuously and quickly rises, wherein the coal dust is settled into the slag discharge hopper 9 to be accumulated, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector 22 collects the gas concentration in the box body in real time, the methane concentration detector 22 compares the collected real-time concentration value with a threshold value, if the real-time concentration value exceeds the set threshold value, the methane concentration detector 22 controls the audible-visual alarm 21 to send out an audible-visual alarm at the moment, a worker can know to stop construction in time and press the valve start-stop button group 26 to enable the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 to be in an open state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 to be in a closed state, at the moment, the gas extraction main pipeline 25 is communicated with the inside of the box body, and the dust removing bag 14 is disconnected with the inside the box body; because the gas extraction main pipeline 25 is in a negative pressure state, a large amount of ejected gas in the box body enters the gas extraction main pipeline 25 after being filtered by three layers of filters 20, so that the phenomenon that the gas is overrun caused by a large amount of gas rushing into a roadway is prevented, and in the gas extraction process, operators intermittently open a slag discharge valve 10 to discharge ejected coal dust into a coal slag collector 11; continuously maintaining the negative pressure in the gas extraction main pipeline 25 at 10-30 KPa in the whole drilling process;
F. sealing the drill rod: when the drilling construction is stopped and gas extraction is performed, a sealing tape is used for sealing a gap between the three-way pipe 5 and the drill rod, so that air is prevented from being extracted into a gas extraction main pipeline 25 to dilute the gas concentration;
G. and (3) drill withdrawal: after the spray hole is finished, the valve start-stop button group 26 is pressed, so that the first pneumatic butterfly valve 19 is in a closed state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve 18 is in an open state, at the moment, the gas extraction main pipeline 25 is disconnected with the inside of the box body, and the dust removal bag 14 is connected with the inside of the box body in a recovery way; the drilling machine can be operated to withdraw from the drill rod, the slag discharging and dust removing effects are realized in the drilling withdrawal process by repeating the step D, the three-way pipe 5 is taken out of the gas pre-extraction drill hole after the drilling withdrawal, the gas pre-extraction drill hole 3 is sealed and then is connected to a gas extraction branch pipeline to continue gas extraction, and therefore the construction anti-spraying hole work of the gas pre-extraction drill hole 3 is completed;
H. continuing to drill the anti-jet hole: and selecting one place, repeatedly executing the steps A to G, and completing the construction anti-spraying hole work of one gas pre-pumping hole 3, and repeating the steps, so that the whole construction of the designed gas pre-pumping hole 3 is completed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power is characterized by comprising a three-way pipe, an anti-spraying main body, a first pneumatic butterfly valve, a second pneumatic butterfly valve, a gas concentration overrun early warning device, a dust removal bag and a coal cinder collector;
the three-way pipe is a hollow pipe with two open ends, and a slag discharging port is formed in the side part of the hollow pipe close to one end;
the blowout prevention main body is fixed on the foot rest and consists of a box body and a slag discharging funnel, the slag discharging funnel is fixed at the lower part of the box body, and the upper port of the slag discharging funnel is communicated with the inside of the box body; the upper end of the box body is provided with a first box body outlet, two sides of the box body are respectively provided with a box body inlet and a second box body outlet, the lower port of the slag discharging funnel is provided with a slag discharging valve, the lower port of the slag discharging funnel is in sealing connection with the inlet of the cinder collector, and the outlet of the cinder collector is plugged through a bag binding opening; the inlet of the box body is connected with the slag discharging port of the three-way pipe in a sealing way through a flexible sealing hose; the second box outlet is connected with the inlet of the dust removing bag in a sealing way, and the outlet of the dust removing bag is plugged through a bag binding opening; the first box outlet is connected with one end of a gas extraction hose in a sealing way, and the other end of the gas extraction hose is connected with a gas extraction main pipeline in a sealing way;
the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve are respectively arranged at the joint of the first box outlet and the gas extraction hose and the joint of the second box outlet and the dust bag, the compressed air inlet of the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the compressed air inlet of the second pneumatic butterfly valve are respectively connected with a compressed air pipeline through the pneumatic hose, the compressed air pipeline is provided with a valve start-stop button group, the valve start-stop button group comprises a first valve start-stop button and a second valve start-stop button, and the first valve start-stop button is used for controlling the air supply of the first pneumatic butterfly valve so as to regulate the opening and closing of the first pneumatic butterfly valve; the second valve start-stop button is used for controlling the air supply of the second pneumatic butterfly valve, and further adjusting the opening and closing of the second pneumatic butterfly valve;
the gas concentration overrun early warning device comprises an audible and visual alarm and a methane concentration detector, wherein the audible and visual alarm and the methane concentration detector are fixed at the upper end of the box body, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector stretches into the box body and is used for collecting real-time gas concentration in the box body, the methane concentration detector is connected with the audible and visual alarm, and when the collected real-time gas concentration exceeds a set threshold value, the methane concentration detector controls the audible and visual alarm to send out an early warning prompt.
2. The device for drilling and preventing spray holes based on compressed air power according to claim 1, further comprising a filter, wherein the filter is arranged at the first position of the outlet of the box body and is of a three-layer filter core structure, and the direction from the box body to the first pneumatic butterfly valve is sequentially provided with a large-hole filter core, a middle-hole filter core and a small-hole filter core.
3. The device for drilling and preventing spray holes based on compressed air power according to claim 1, wherein the box inlet and the box outlet are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the box.
4. The drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure hose is in sealing connection with the compressed air inlet of the first pneumatic butterfly valve, the compressed air inlet of the second pneumatic butterfly valve and the compressed air pipeline through quick insertion structures.
5. The device for drilling and preventing spray holes based on compressed air power according to claim 1, further comprising a filter screen, wherein the filter screen is arranged in the box body and covers the outside of the detection probe, so that gas in the box body is collected by the detection probe after being filtered by the filter screen.
6. The drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power according to claim 1, wherein a flange is arranged on the outer side of the slag discharging hole, and the slag discharging hole is in sealing connection with the flexible sealing hose through the flange.
7. The device for drilling and preventing the spray hole based on the compressed air power according to claim 1, wherein the audible and visual alarm and the methane concentration detector are powered by respective built-in explosion-proof batteries.
8. A working method of the drilling and anti-spraying hole device based on the compressed air power according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. assembling a mounting tee pipe and a drilling anti-spraying hole device: according to the design scheme of the high gas and outburst coal seam gas pre-extraction drilling hole, one end of a three-way pipe is jacked into a coal seam from a roadway according to the angle and the direction of the gas pre-extraction drilling hole design by using a drilling machine, the other end of the three-way pipe and a slag discharging port are positioned in the roadway outside the drilling hole, a drilling anti-spraying hole device is assembled in the roadway and is respectively connected with a gas extraction total pipeline and a compressed air pipeline, the gas extraction total pipeline and the compressed air pipeline are respectively fixed in the roadway through pipeline brackets, and a threshold value is set for a methane concentration detector;
B. debugging a pneumatic butterfly valve: after the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve are installed, the first valve start-stop button and the second valve start-stop button are repeatedly started for a plurality of times to confirm the respective start-stop stability of the first pneumatic butterfly valve and the second pneumatic butterfly valve, if any one of the first pneumatic butterfly valves cannot be stably started and stopped, the wind pressure in the air pressure pipeline is regulated until the two pneumatic butterfly valves can be stably started and stopped, debugging is completed, the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, and the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state;
C. and (3) constructing a gas pre-pumping drilling hole: starting a drilling machine to adjust the angle and the direction of the drill rod, so that the drill rod penetrates through two ends of the three-way pipe to drill into the coal seam;
D. slag and dust removal in the drilling construction process: drill cuttings, coal cinder and dust generated in the normal drilling process of the gas pre-pumping drill hole are discharged through a slag discharge port of the three-way pipe and then enter the box body through a box body inlet of the blowout prevention main body, wherein the dust floats in the box body and enters the dust removing bag along with air flow from a box body outlet II, the drill cuttings and the coal cinder are settled in the box body and accumulated in the slag discharge hopper, and a worker periodically untwists a bag bundle port of the dust removing bag outlet according to the accumulation amount of the dust in the dust removing bag to clean the dust; meanwhile, when the gas pre-pumping drill holes are drilled for 2 hours, a worker opens a once deslagging valve to discharge drill cuttings and coal cinder from a deslagging funnel into a coal cinder collector, and according to the discharge capacity of the coal cinder, bag bundle openings at the outlet of the coal cinder collector are regularly opened to clean the coal cinder;
E. extracting gas and deslagging: if the jet hole condition occurs in the drilling process, a large amount of gas and coal dust quickly enter the box body from the slag discharging port through the flexible sealing hose, so that the gas concentration in the box body continuously and quickly rises, the coal dust is settled into the slag discharging funnel to be accumulated, a detection probe of the methane concentration detector collects the gas concentration in the box body in real time, the methane concentration detector compares the collected real-time concentration value with a threshold value, if the real-time concentration value exceeds the set threshold value, the methane concentration detector controls the audible and visual alarm to send out an audible and visual alarm, a worker can timely know to stop construction and start and stop the button group by pressing a valve, the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, a gas extraction main pipeline is communicated with the interior of the box body at the moment, and the dust bag is disconnected with the interior of the box body; because the gas extraction main pipeline is in a negative pressure state, a large amount of sprayed gas in the box body enters the gas extraction main pipeline after being filtered by three layers of filters, so that the phenomenon that the gas exceeds the limit caused by a large amount of gas flowing into a roadway is prevented, and a worker intermittently opens a slag discharge valve to discharge sprayed coal dust into a coal cinder collector in the gas extraction process;
F. sealing the drill rod: when the drilling construction is stopped and gas extraction is carried out, a sealing tape is used for sealing a gap between the three-way pipe and the drill rod, so that air is prevented from being extracted into a gas extraction main pipeline to dilute the gas concentration;
G. and (3) drill withdrawal: when the spray hole is finished, the valve start-stop button group is pressed, so that the first pneumatic butterfly valve is in a closed state, the second pneumatic butterfly valve is in an open state, at the moment, the gas extraction main pipeline is disconnected with the inside of the box body, and the dust removal bag is connected with the inside of the box body in a recovery way; the drilling machine can be operated to withdraw from the drill rod, the slag discharging and dust removing effects are realized in the drilling withdrawal process by repeating the step D, the three-way pipe is taken out of the gas pre-extraction drill hole after the drilling withdrawal, the gas pre-extraction drill hole is sealed and then is connected to a gas extraction branch pipeline for continuous gas extraction, and therefore the construction anti-spraying hole work of the gas pre-extraction drill hole is completed;
H. continuing to drill the anti-jet hole: and selecting one place, repeatedly executing the steps A to G, and completing the construction anti-spraying hole work of one gas pre-pumping hole, so that the repeated operation is performed, and the whole construction of the designed gas pre-pumping hole is completed.
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