CN115153980A - 一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器 - Google Patents

一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器 Download PDF

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CN115153980A
CN115153980A CN202210889370.XA CN202210889370A CN115153980A CN 115153980 A CN115153980 A CN 115153980A CN 202210889370 A CN202210889370 A CN 202210889370A CN 115153980 A CN115153980 A CN 115153980A
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push rod
bone
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郑冰
郭永飞
蒋佳琳
张卫航
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Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4601Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for introducing bone substitute, for implanting bone graft implants or for compacting them in the bone cavity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4611Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4688Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor having operating or control means

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器。由植骨套管、装填推杆和植骨推杆组成。植骨套管靠近头端设有植骨套管限深器,靠近尾端处设有植骨套管把持,尾端为植骨套管后孔;植骨套管前端植骨装填腔,植骨装填腔整体呈圆台形空腔,植骨装填腔头端内径大于尾端内径;装填推杆靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器,尾端处设有装填推杆把持;植骨推杆靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器,尾端处设有装填推杆把持;植骨套管与装填推杆组合后前端装填碎骨粒,组合后置于处理好的椎间隙内,更换为植骨推杆,将装填碎骨粒一次性植入椎间隙内。本发明结构简单合理,可操作性强,能很好辅助于椎间隙植骨操作,显著减少外科医生在椎间植骨操作的工作量,降低植骨粒外溢的可能性,具有良好的应用前景。

Description

一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器
技术领域
本发明属于医疗卫生领域,具体涉及一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器。
背景技术
腰椎间盘突出症为骨科常见病和多发病,是引起腰腿痛最常见的原因之一。每年约10%~15%的腰椎间盘突出症患者最终需要手术治疗。手术治疗分为融合性和非融合性两大类。椎间融合的概念首先由Cloward在1940年提出,即切除椎间盘,通过植骨或内植物将椎体间关节融合。经过不断的发展,椎间融合技术可以切除导致疼痛的椎间盘,并提供腰椎节段间坚强的融合固定,以维持腰椎的承重作用,同时可以恢复椎间隙的高度扩大椎间孔,解除或缓解神经根压迫,脊柱椎间融合技术可以说是现代脊柱外科发展史上具有里程碑意义的发明。目前的椎间融合技术虽然可以在椎间隙内植入含有自体骨或异体骨的椎间融合器,但椎间隙的碎骨粒植入依然是不可或缺的手术操作步骤。
在目前的临床治疗中,椎间隙的植骨操作主要采用传统的植骨漏斗进行植骨操作。在应用传统的植骨漏斗进行植骨操作时,碎骨粒需要从植骨器尾端一粒粒的植入,操作复杂繁琐,且碎骨粒极容易堵塞植骨通道,增加手术时间。且传统的植骨器前端缺少限深器,如术中操作不当,植骨器前端极易损伤神经或血管,给患者带来灾难性的后果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,该装置在脊柱外科手术中辅助椎间植骨的器械,提高椎间植骨的效率,减少椎间植骨的操作步骤,减轻外科医生的劳动强度。
本发明提出的一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,由植骨套管1、装填推杆6和植骨推杆9组成,其中:植骨套管1为圆柱形空腔结构,靠近头端15mm处设有两个点状凸起,此为植骨套管限深器2,靠近尾端处套有圆环,所述圆环为植骨套管把持3,其尾端为植骨套管后孔4;植骨套管1前端植骨装填腔5,所述植骨装填腔整体圆台形空腔,植骨装填腔5头端内径大于尾端内径;
装填推杆6靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器7,尾端处设有装填推杆把持8;
植骨推杆9靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器10,尾端处设有装填推杆把持11;
植骨装填腔5的内径分别与装填推杆6与植骨推杆9外径相同;
植骨套管1与装填推杆6组合使用或植骨套管1和植骨推杆9组合使用;当植骨套管1与装填推杆6组合使用时,装填推杆6自植骨套管后孔4伸入植骨套管1内,填推杆6前端平齐植骨装填腔5尾端;当植骨套管1和植骨推杆9组合使用时,植骨推杆9自植骨套管后孔4伸入植骨套管1内,植骨推杆9前端平齐植骨装填腔5头端。
本发明中,植骨套管1、装填推杆6和植骨推杆9均采用316不锈钢材料。
本发明中,植骨装填腔5位于植骨套管1的头端,且外直径可插入椎间隙,植骨套管限深器2可限制植骨套管插入椎间隙的深度。
本发明中,植骨装填腔5头端直径大于尾端直径,防止碎骨粒在推送过程中的卡顿。
本发明工作原理如下:
传统的植骨器在植骨过程中需将固定大小的碎骨放置于植骨漏斗尾端的植骨腔内,推杆将碎骨粒推至椎间隙,每次仅能推送少量的骨粒,操作繁琐且浪费手术时间。本发明将传统的植骨器更改为预充式快速植骨,碎骨粒位于植骨器头端的植骨腔内,术中一次性可植入大量的人工骨与自体碎骨,且植骨腔头端直径略大于尾端直径,可有效减少骨粒在推送过程中的堵塞。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明结构简单合理,可操作性强,能很好的辅助于椎间隙植骨操作,显著减少外科医生在椎间植骨操作的工作量,降低植骨粒外溢的可能性,具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的装置全图;
图2为本发明的两种组装状态图;其中:a为植骨装填状态,b为 植骨推送状态;
图3为本发明的工作流程图;其中:a为植骨套管原始状态,b为植骨套管与装填推杆组合,c为碎骨粒填充植骨装填腔,d为骨蜡封闭植骨装填腔前端,e为植骨装填状态的植骨器放置于椎间隙,f为拔出装填推杆,j为更换为植骨推杆,h为植骨推杆向前推送,碎骨粒植入椎间隙;
图中标号:1为植骨套管;2为植骨套管限深器;3为植骨套管把持;4为植骨套管后孔;5为植骨装填腔;6为装填推杆;7为装填推杆限深器;8为装填推杆把持;9为植骨推杆;10为植骨推杆限深器;11为植骨推杆把持。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例结合附图进一步说明本发明。
实施例1:
如图1所示,所述装置由植骨套管1、装填推杆6和植骨推杆9三部分组成。其中:植骨套管1前端为植骨装填腔5,植骨装填腔5头端内径大于尾端内径,植骨装填腔5前端呈圆柱形,后端呈圆台形,二者之间圆滑过渡。植骨套管1尾端为植骨套管后孔4,内径等同于装填推杆6与植骨推杆9外径,装填推杆6与植骨推杆9可经植骨套管后孔4插入植骨套管1内。植骨套管1靠近头端15mm处有两个点状凸起,此为植骨套管限深器2,靠近尾端处翼状凸起为植骨套管把持3。装填推杆6与植骨推杆9形状类似,靠近尾端处为装填推杆限深器7与植骨推杆限深器10,可限制推杆进入植骨套管1深度,装填推杆6前端平齐植骨装填腔5尾端,植骨推杆9前端略凸出于植骨装填腔5头端。装填推杆6与植骨推杆9尾端处均有装填推杆把持8与植骨推杆把持11,可方便推杆操作。
本发明中,植骨套管1、装填推杆6、植骨推杆9均由316不锈钢制备。
使用装置脊柱手术中,当椎间隙的植骨面处理好后,植骨套管1与装填推杆6组合为图2a状态,
自体骨、异体骨以及促成骨材料填塞于植骨装填腔5内,将图2a状态的植骨器头端放置于椎间隙,更换为植骨推杆9,碎骨粒植入椎间隙,此时植骨套管1与植骨推杆9组合为图2b状态。因植骨装填腔外口直径大于内口直径,在推送过程中可有效减少碎骨粒的堵塞情况。
本发明的工作过程如下:
患者麻醉后俯卧位于手术床,常规后入路暴露所需手术节段,切除病变椎间盘并处理相应椎间植骨面。将植骨套管1与装填推杆6组合(如图3b),人工骨与自体碎骨混合后于植骨装填腔5内(如图3c),骨蜡封闭装填腔5头端(如图3d),防止碎骨粒在放入椎间隙过程中提前脱落。神经根拉钩牵拉开神经根及硬膜囊,将植骨器放置于所需植骨的椎间隙,植骨套管限深器2卡在椎体后缘(如图3e),抽出装填推杆6(如图3f),更换为植骨推杆9(如图3j),在固定植骨套管1的前提下,前推植骨推杆9,将位于植骨装填腔5内的碎骨粒一次性植入椎间隙(如图3h),椎间植骨完成。

Claims (4)

1.一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,由植骨套管(1)、装填推杆(6)和植骨推杆(9)组成,其特征在于:植骨套管(1)为圆柱形空腔结构,靠近头端15mm处设有两个点状凸起,此为植骨套管限深器(2),靠近尾端处套有翼状突起,所述翼状突起为植骨套管把持(3),其尾端为植骨套管后孔(4);植骨套管(1)前端植骨装填腔(5),所述植骨装填腔整体圆台形空腔,植骨装填腔(5)头端内径大于尾端内径;
装填推杆(6)靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器(7),尾端处设有装填推杆把持(9);
植骨推杆(9)靠近尾端处设有装填推杆限深器(10),尾端处设有装填推杆把持(11);
植骨装填腔(5)的内径分别与装填推杆(6)与植骨推杆(9)外径相同;
植骨套管(1)与装填推杆(6)组合使用或植骨套管(1)和植骨推杆(9)组合使用;当植骨套管(1)与装填推杆(6)组合使用时,装填推杆(6)自植骨套管后孔(4)伸入植骨套管(1)内,填推杆(6)前端平齐植骨装填腔(5)尾端;当植骨套管(1)和植骨推杆(9)组合使用时,植骨推杆(9)自植骨套管后孔(4)伸入植骨套管(1)内,植骨推杆(9)前端平齐植骨装填腔(5)头端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,其特征在于:植骨套管(1)、装填推杆(6)和植骨推杆(9)均采用316不锈钢材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,其特征在于:植骨装填腔(5)位于植骨套管(1)的头端,且外直径可插入椎间隙,植骨套管限深器(2)限制植骨套管插入椎间隙的深度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器,其特征在于:植骨装填腔(5)头端直径大于尾端直径,防止碎骨粒在推送过程中的卡顿。
CN202210889370.XA 2022-07-27 2022-07-27 一种预充式快速脊柱椎间植骨器 Pending CN115153980A (zh)

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