CN115149797A - Boost converter - Google Patents
Boost converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN115149797A CN115149797A CN202110340827.7A CN202110340827A CN115149797A CN 115149797 A CN115149797 A CN 115149797A CN 202110340827 A CN202110340827 A CN 202110340827A CN 115149797 A CN115149797 A CN 115149797A
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- transient
- boost converter
- output voltage
- voltage threshold
- load current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
A boost converter comprises an inductor and a diode electrically connected in series between an input voltage and an output voltage; a transistor electrically coupled to an interconnection node of the inductor and the diode; and a controller for controlling the switching of the transistor according to the transient mode and the estimated load current. Before leaving the light-to-heavy load transient mode, the output voltage has at least one first valley point with a value of the transient voltage threshold; then there is at least one second valley point, the value of which is higher than the first valley point.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a boost converter, and more particularly, to a boost converter with fast transient response.
Background
A boost converter (boost converter) is one type of direct current-to-direct current (DC-to-DC) power converter, and is used to boost an input voltage into an output voltage. The boost converter belongs to a switched-mode power supply.
The boost converter may be used for a driver of a backlight panel, such as a micro light emitting diode (mini-LED) backlight panel. Since the transient changes of the micro-led backlight panel are fast, it is necessary to use a boost converter with fast transient response.
The present invention discloses a Hardware Efficient Programmable-Deviation Controller (hard-Efficient Programmable-Deviation Controller for inductive Energy Transfer DC-DC Converters), institute of electrical and Electronics engineers (IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics), volume 30, no. 6, pages 3376-3388, month 2015 6, the contents of which are considered as a part of this specification. However, the peltier boost converter uses a look-up table (lookup table) to store a fixed coefficient for controlling the load transient, thereby generating oscillations to mitigate the load transient.
Therefore, a novel mechanism for effectively controlling the load transient of the boost converter is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is an object of the embodiments of the present invention to provide a boost converter with fast transient response, which can avoid harmful oscillation and effectively accelerate light-to-heavy load transient.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a boost converter includes an inductor, a diode, a transistor, and a controller. The inductor and the diode are electrically connected in series between an input voltage and an output voltage. The transistor is electrically coupled to the interconnection node of the inductor and the diode. The controller controls the switching of the transistor according to the transient mode and the estimated load current. Before leaving the light-to-heavy load transient mode, the output voltage has at least one first valley point with a value of the transient voltage threshold; then there is at least one second valley point with a higher value than the first valley point.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and the capacitor is electrically connected between the output voltage and the ground.
Preferably, the method further comprises: a transient detector for detecting the transient mode by comparing the output voltage to a steady state window, wherein the steady state window is between an upper boundary and a lower boundary.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and the current estimator is used for generating the estimated load current according to the change of the output voltage.
Preferably, the estimated load current is generated according to a slope of the output voltage during the start of the light to heavy load transient mode.
Preferably, when the inductor current is greater than the estimated load current, the output voltage after a predetermined time is recorded as the transient voltage threshold.
Preferably, the controller performs the following steps during the light-to-heavy load transient mode: (a) Turning on the transistor when the light-to-heavy load transient mode is detected; (b) Turning off the transistor when the inductor current is greater than the estimated load current and the output voltage is less than the transient voltage threshold; and (c) leaving the light-to-heavy load transient mode when the inductor current is below the estimated load current and the output voltage is above the lower boundary, otherwise returning to step (b).
Preferably, the steady state window has an extended lower boundary that is lower than the lower boundary by a predetermined difference; if the output voltage is lower than the lower boundary but higher than the extended lower boundary, the transient voltage threshold is replaced by an adaptive transient voltage threshold, wherein the adaptive transient voltage threshold is higher than the transient voltage threshold by a predetermined difference.
Preferably, the second valley point is the adaptive transient voltage threshold.
Preferably, an adaptive load current is provided, which is higher than the estimated load current, and a predetermined difference is provided between the adaptive load current and the estimated load current; the controller turns off the transistor if the inductor current is higher than the adaptive load current.
Preferably, the adaptive load current is obtained according to the lower boundary and the transient voltage threshold.
Preferably, the difference between the second valley point and the transient voltage threshold is less than the height of the steady-state window.
By means of the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages and effects: the boost converter can avoid harmful oscillation and can effectively accelerate light to heavy load transient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a boost converter with fast transient response according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a flowchart illustrating a light-to-heavy load transient mode of the boost converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2B illustrates waveforms of related signals in the light-to-heavy loading transient mode.
Fig. 3A shows a flowchart of a heavy-to-light load transient mode of the boost converter according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3B illustrates waveforms of related signals in the heavy-to-light load transient mode.
Fig. 4 illustrates waveforms of signals associated with a light-to-heavy load transient mode of a boost converter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 illustrates waveforms of related signals of the boost converter in the light-to-heavy load transient mode without using the extended lower boundary, adapting the transient voltage threshold.
Fig. 6 illustrates waveforms of signals associated with a light-to-heavy load transient mode of a boost converter according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
[ description of main element symbols ]
100: the boost converter 11: transient detector
12: the current estimator 13: controller
14: the sense amplifier 21: light to heavy load transient mode
22: generating Ith 23: turning on the transistor
24：IL>Ith？ 25：Vo<Vth？
26: turning off the transistor 27: IL < Ith?
28: vo > VL? 31: heavy to light load transient mode
32: generating Ith 33: switch off transistor
34: vo < VH? 35: turning on the transistor
36: IL > Ith? And Vi: input voltage
Vo: output voltage R: resistor with a resistor element
L: an inductor D: diode with a high-voltage source
M: a transistor C: capacitor with improved capacitance
TR: transient mode Iout: actual load current
Ith: estimated load current Ith2: adapting load current
IL: inductor current VH: upper boundary
VL: lower boundary VL2: extended lower boundary
Vth: transient voltage threshold Vth2: adapting to transient voltage threshold
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a boost converter (boost converter) 100 with fast transient response (fast transient response) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The boost converter 100 is configured to boost the input voltage Vi to the output voltage Vo. For simplicity, only the transient mode loop is shown, but the steady state mode loop is omitted.
The boost converter 100 may include an inductor L (as an energy storage device) and a diode D electrically connected in series between the input voltage Vi and the output voltage Vo. Boost converter 100 may include a transistor M electrically connected between an interconnection node (of inductor L and diode D) and ground. The boost converter 100 may include a capacitor C (as another energy storage device) electrically connected between the output voltage Vo and ground.
In this embodiment, the boost converter 100 may include a transient detector 11 for detecting the transient mode TR by comparing the output voltage Vo with a steady state window (steady state window), wherein the steady state window is between an upper boundary VH and a lower boundary VL. When the output voltage Vo is not within the steady-state window, the transient mode TR is detected.
The boost converter 100 of the present embodiment may include a current estimator 12 for generating an estimated (steady-state) load current Ith according to the variation of the output voltage Vo. For example, the estimated load current Ith is generated according to the slope of the (falling) output voltage Vo during the beginning of the light-to-heavy load transient mode. In one embodiment, the transient detector 11 and the current estimator 12 may include an analog-to-digital converter (analog-to-digital converter) for converting the analog output voltage Vo into a digital value, thereby obtaining the transient mode TR and the estimated load current Ith.
The boost converter 100 may comprise a (digital) controller 13 for controlling the switching (switching) of the transistor M based on the transient mode TR (detected by the transient detector 11) and the estimated load current Ith (estimated by the current estimator 12).
Fig. 2A is a flowchart illustrating a light-to-heavy load transient mode of the boost converter 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2B is a waveform diagram illustrating related signals of the light-to-heavy load transient mode.
When the transient detector 11 detects that the output voltage Vo is lower than the lower boundary VL (of the steady-state window), the boost converter 100 enters the light-to-heavy load transient mode (step 21). In step 22, the current detector 12 generates an estimated load current Ith according to the variation of the output voltage Vo. Next, in step 23, the controller 13 turns on the transistor M, thereby generating the rising inductor current IL and the falling output voltage Vo.
According to one feature of the present embodiment, when the inductor current IL is greater than the estimated load current Ith (step 24), the output voltage Vo after the predetermined time Δ t is recorded as the transient voltage threshold Vth. The inductor current IL can be obtained by the sense amplifier 14 measuring the voltage across the resistor R (figure 1), wherein the resistor R is connected in series with the inductor L. When the output voltage Vo is lower than the transient voltage threshold Vth (step 25), the controller 13 turns off the transistor M (step 26), thereby generating the falling inductor current IL and the rising output voltage Vo.
When the inductor current IL is lower than the estimated load current Ith (step 27) and the output voltage Vo is higher than the lower boundary VL (of the steady-state window) (step 28), the boost converter 100 leaves the light-to-heavy load transient mode (to enter the steady-state mode), otherwise the process returns to step 23.
According to the above embodiment, the transient voltage threshold Vth is dynamically determined (by the controller 13) rather than being a fixed value by a look-up table as in the above-mentioned perez et al. Thus, the present embodiment can avoid harmful oscillations.
Fig. 3A is a flowchart illustrating a heavy-to-light load transient mode of the boost converter 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 3B is a waveform diagram illustrating related signals in the heavy-to-light load transient mode.
When the transient detector 11 detects that the output voltage Vo is higher than the upper boundary VH (of the steady-state window), the boost converter 100 enters the heavy-to-light-load transient mode (step 31). In step 32, the current detector 12 generates an estimated load current Ith according to the variation of the output voltage Vo. Next, in step 33, the controller 13 turns off the transistor M.
When the output voltage Vo is lower than the upper boundary VH (of the steady-state window) (step 34), the controller 13 turns on the transistor M (step 35).
When the inductor current IL is higher than the estimated load current Ith (step 36), the boost converter 100 leaves the heavy-to-light load transient mode.
Fig. 4 illustrates waveforms of signals related to a light-to-heavy load transient mode of the boost converter 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the transient voltage threshold Vth can be dynamically determined or obtained by looking up a table.
As shown in fig. 4, when the actual load current Iout suddenly increases, the output voltage Vo gradually decreases. When the output voltage Vo is lower than the lower boundary VL, the transient detector 11 detects a light-to-heavy load transient mode. Then, the current detector 12 generates an estimated load current Ith according to the variation of the output voltage Vo.
According to one feature of this embodiment, the steady-state window further has an extended lower boundary VL2, which is lower than the lower boundary VL by a predetermined difference. The way in which the boost converter 100 of the present embodiment performs the light-to-heavy load transient mode is similar to the flow of fig. 2A, but with the following differences.
In step 28, if the output voltage Vo is lower than the lower boundary VL but higher than the extended lower boundary VL2, the transient voltage threshold Vth is replaced by an adaptive (adaptive) transient voltage threshold Vth2, wherein the adaptive transient voltage threshold Vth2 is higher than the transient voltage threshold Vth by a predetermined difference.
As shown in fig. 4, in the light-to-heavy load transient mode, before the boost converter 100 enters the steady-state mode, the output voltage Vo has at least one first valley point (valley point) with a value of the transient voltage threshold Vth; then, there is at least one second valley point, whose value is adapted to the transient voltage threshold Vth2 (which is higher than the first valley point). In the present embodiment, the difference between the second valley point and the transient voltage threshold Vth (i.e., the first valley point) is smaller than the height of the steady-state window (i.e., VH-VL).
Fig. 5 illustrates waveforms of signals associated with the extended lower boundary VL2 and the adaptive transient voltage threshold Vth2 of the boost converter 100 during the light-to-heavy load transient mode. As shown in fig. 5, in the light-to-heavy load transient mode, the output voltage Vo may exceed the upper boundary VH of the steady-state window to trigger the heavy-to-light load transient mode, thereby slowing down the transient response. Therefore, the present embodiment can speed up the light to heavy load transient by using the extended lower boundary VL2 and adapting the transient voltage threshold Vth 2.
Fig. 6 illustrates waveforms of signals associated with a light-to-heavy load transient mode of the boost converter 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the transient voltage threshold Vth can be dynamically determined or obtained by looking up a table. The way in which the boost converter 100 of the present embodiment performs the light-to-heavy load transient mode is similar to the flow of fig. 2A, but with the following differences.
According to one of the features of the present embodiment, the current estimator 12 provides the adaptive load current Ith2, which is higher than the estimated load current Ith by a predetermined difference. In one embodiment, the adaptive load current Ith2 is obtained (e.g., by a table lookup) according to the lower boundary VL and the transient voltage threshold Vth.
At step 25, in addition to comparing the output voltage Vo with the transient voltage threshold Vth, if the inductor current IL is higher than the adaptive load current Ith2, the controller 13 turns off the transistor M (step 26), thereby generating the falling inductor current IL and the rising output voltage Vo.
As shown in fig. 6, in the light-to-heavy load transient mode, before the boost converter 100 enters the steady-state mode, the output voltage Vo has at least one first valley point whose value is the transient voltage threshold Vth; then there is at least one second valley point, the value of which is higher than the first valley point. In addition, in the present embodiment, the difference between the second valley point and the transient voltage threshold Vth (i.e., the first valley point) is smaller than the height of the steady-state window (i.e., VH-VL).
The present embodiment can accelerate light to heavy load transients due to the adaptive load current Ith2. If the adaptive load current Ith2 is not used, the output voltage Vo may exceed the upper boundary VH of the steady-state window to trigger the heavy-to-light load transient mode, thus slowing down the transient response, as shown in fig. 5.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A boost converter, comprising:
the inductor and the diode are electrically connected in series between the input voltage and the output voltage;
a transistor electrically coupled to an interconnection node of the inductor and the diode; and
a controller for controlling the switching of the transistor according to the transient mode and the estimated load current;
wherein before leaving the light-to-heavy load transient mode, the output voltage has at least one first valley point with a value of transient voltage threshold; then at least one second valley point is provided, and the value of the second valley point is higher than that of the first valley point.
2. A boost converter according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the capacitor is electrically connected between the output voltage and the ground.
3. A boost converter according to claim 1, further comprising:
a transient detector for detecting the transient mode by comparing the output voltage to a steady state window, wherein the steady state window is between an upper boundary and a lower boundary.
4. A boost converter according to claim 3, further comprising:
and a current estimator for generating the estimated load current according to the variation of the output voltage.
5. The boost converter according to claim 4, wherein the estimated load current is generated according to a slope of the output voltage during the start of the light-to-heavy load transient mode.
6. The boost converter according to claim 1, wherein the transient voltage threshold is recorded as the output voltage after a predetermined time when the inductor current is greater than the estimated load current.
7. The boost converter according to claim 3, wherein the controller performs the following steps during the light-to-heavy load transient mode:
(a) Turning on the transistor when the light-to-heavy load transient mode is detected;
(b) Turning off the transistor when the inductor current is greater than the estimated load current and the output voltage is less than the transient voltage threshold; and
(c) Leaving the light-to-heavy load transient mode when the inductor current is lower than the estimated load current and the output voltage is higher than the lower boundary, otherwise returning to step (b).
8. A boost converter according to claim 3, wherein the steady state window has an extended lower boundary which is lower than the lower boundary by a predetermined difference therebetween; if the output voltage is lower than the lower boundary but higher than the extended lower boundary, the adaptive transient voltage threshold is replaced with a transient voltage threshold, wherein the adaptive transient voltage threshold is higher than the transient voltage threshold by a predetermined difference.
9. The boost converter of claim 8, wherein the second valley point has the adaptive transient voltage threshold.
10. The boost converter according to claim 3, further providing an adaptive load current higher than the estimated load current by a predetermined difference; the controller turns off the transistor if the inductor current is higher than the adaptive load current.
11. The boost converter of claim 10, wherein the adaptive load current is derived based on the lower boundary and the transient voltage threshold.
12. A boost converter in accordance with claim 10, wherein the difference between the second valley point and the transient voltage threshold is less than the height of the steady state window.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110340827.7A CN115149797A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Boost converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110340827.7A CN115149797A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Boost converter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115149797A true CN115149797A (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110340827.7A Pending CN115149797A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Boost converter |
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| CN (1) | CN115149797A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202110340827.7A patent/CN115149797A/en active Pending
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