CN115149595A - Method for charging and discharging battery, electronic device, and storage medium - Google Patents

Method for charging and discharging battery, electronic device, and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115149595A
CN115149595A CN202110345633.6A CN202110345633A CN115149595A CN 115149595 A CN115149595 A CN 115149595A CN 202110345633 A CN202110345633 A CN 202110345633A CN 115149595 A CN115149595 A CN 115149595A
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China
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battery
charge
charging
discharging
discharge
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CN202110345633.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨智茹
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Priority to CN202110345633.6A priority Critical patent/CN115149595A/en
Publication of CN115149595A publication Critical patent/CN115149595A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a battery charging and discharging method, an electronic device and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: if the charging initial voltage of the battery in N continuous charging and discharging cycles is in the first preset voltage range, the battery is deeply discharged in the first or second charging and discharging mode in the (N + 1) th charging and discharging cycle. The first charge/discharge mode includes: in the discharging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, the battery is discharged to a first state of charge SOCr1, and the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric equipment is SOCf1, and SOCf1= SOCr1+ a. The second charge and discharge mode includes: and in the charging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, charging the battery to a third preset voltage Un3, wherein Un3= U1-delta U3, and U1 is the system upper limit voltage of the battery. This application carries out degree of depth discharge to the battery through predetermined charge-discharge mode, can slow down the decay of battery capacity, extension battery life.

Description

Battery charging and discharging method, electronic device and storage medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a battery charging and discharging method, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
The lithium battery has the characteristics of high energy density, small volume, light weight, high cycle frequency, high charging efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to new energy equipment such as electric automobiles, AI robots and the like. The silicon system battery cell has extremely high capacity and has extremely potential to become the negative electrode material of the next generation lithium battery. However, during the cycling of the silicon system cell, the battery capacity may be rapidly attenuated in a certain discharge voltage range, for example, 3.4V-4.45V cycling, and the long-term shallow discharge cycling may cause the dynamic deterioration of the battery, which affects the cell life. In order to avoid such a phenomenon, users are generally required to deeply discharge the lithium battery at certain cycle times in the process of cyclic charge and discharge of the battery. Thus, the charge and discharge cycles of the battery increase the operational demands on the user, causing inconvenience to the user.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a battery charging and discharging method, an electronic device and a storage medium, which can deeply discharge a battery through a preset charging and discharging manner and have no operation requirement for a user.
An embodiment of the present application provides a method for charging and discharging a battery, the method including:
judging whether the charging initial voltage Un of the battery in N continuous charging and discharging cycles is within a first preset voltage Un1 range or not;
if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery in N continuous charging and discharging cycles is within a first preset voltage Un1 range;
deeply discharging the battery in the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle;
wherein N is not less than 50, N is an integer, un1= U0+ Δ U1, U0 is the system lower limit voltage of the battery, and Δ U1 is not less than 0.4V and not more than 0.6V.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the deeply discharging the battery in the N +1 th charge-discharge cycle includes deeply discharging the battery by a first charge-discharge pattern including:
and in the discharging process of the (N + 1) th charging and discharging cycle, discharging the battery to a first charge state SOCr1, wherein the charge state of the battery displayed on the electric equipment is SOCf1, and SOCf1= SOCr1+ a, SOCr1 is more than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 80%, a is more than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 20%, and SOCr1+ a is less than 100%.
According to some embodiments of the present application, 0% ≦ SOCr1 ≦ 30%, or 5% ≦ a ≦ 15%.
According to some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and later charge-discharge cycle, if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery is within a second preset voltage Un2 range, wherein Un2= U0+ delta U2, and 0V is less than or equal to delta U2 and less than 0.4V;
discharging the battery to a second state of charge SOCr2 during the discharging process of the N +2 th and subsequent charge-discharge cycle, wherein the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric consumer is SOCf2, wherein SOCr2= SOCf2.
According to some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycles, if the charge starting voltage Un of the battery is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage Un2, in the discharging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the first charge-discharge mode is repeatedly executed to deeply discharge the battery until the charge starting voltage Un of the battery in the next charge-discharge cycle is within the range of the second preset voltage Un 2.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the deeply discharging the battery in the N +1 th charge-discharge cycle includes deeply discharging the battery through a second charge-discharge pattern including:
and in the charging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, charging the battery to a third preset voltage Un3, wherein Un3= U1-delta U3, U1 is the system upper limit voltage of the battery, and delta U3 is more than or equal to 0.1V and less than or equal to 0.3V.
According to some embodiments of the present application, U1 is 4.3V ≦ 4.5V.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the second charge-discharge mode further comprises:
the state of charge of the battery when the battery is charged to Un3 is a third state of charge SOCr3, and the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric equipment at this time is SOCf3, wherein SOCf3= SOCr3+ b, SOCr3 is more than or equal to 45% and less than or equal to 70%, b is more than 0% and less than or equal to 30%, and SOCr3+ b is less than or equal to 100%.
According to some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises:
and in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and later charge-discharge cycle, if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery is within the range of a fourth preset voltage Un4, charging the battery to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, wherein Un4= U0+ delta U4, and 0V is not less than delta U4 and is less than 0.4V.
According to some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycle, if the charging starting voltage Un of the battery is greater than or equal to the fourth preset voltage Un4, in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the second charge-discharge mode is repeatedly executed to charge the battery until the charging starting voltage Un of the battery in the next charge-discharge cycle is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
According to some embodiments of the present application, 2.75V ≦ U0 ≦ 3.0V.
Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a battery and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to perform the charging and discharging method as described above to charge and discharge the battery.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium having at least one computer instruction stored thereon, the computer instruction being loaded by a processor and used to perform the method for charging and discharging a battery as described above.
The implementation mode of this application can be when the initial voltage that charges in the many times charge-discharge circulation of battery is in predetermineeing voltage range to the battery carries out degree of depth discharge to the predetermined charge-discharge mode is automatic, has slowed down the decay of battery capacity, has prolonged battery life-span to do not have the operation demand to the user, promoted user experience.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for charging and discharging a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating deep discharging of a battery by a first charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery capacity recovery curve according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating deep discharging of a battery by a second charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating deep discharging of a battery by a second charging method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of the main elements
Electronic device 100
Memory 11
Processor 12
Battery 13
Collection device 14
Time-meter 15
Display screen 16
The following detailed description will explain the present application in further detail in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device 100 includes, but is not limited to, a memory 11, at least one processor 12, a battery 13, a collection device 14, and a timer 15, and the above elements may be connected via a bus or directly.
It should be noted that fig. 1 is only an example of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments, electronic device 100 may include more or fewer elements, or have a different configuration of elements. The electronic device 100 may be an electric motorcycle, an electric bicycle, an electric automobile, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a digital assistant, a personal computer, or any other suitable rechargeable device.
In one embodiment, the battery 13 is a rechargeable battery for providing power to the electronic device 100. That is, the electronic device 100 is a consumer of the battery 13. For example, the battery 13 may be a lead-acid battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, or the like. The Battery 13 is logically connected to the processor 12 through a Battery Management System (BMS), so that functions such as charging and discharging are realized through the Battery Management System. The battery management System CAN be in communication connection with a Power Conversion System (PCS) through CAN or RS 485. The battery 13 comprises a cell that can be repeatedly recharged in a cyclically rechargeable manner.
In this embodiment, the collecting device 14 is used for collecting the charging and discharging voltage and the charging and discharging current of the battery 13. In this embodiment, the acquisition device 14 is an analog-to-digital converter. It is understood that the collection device 14 may also be other voltage collection devices and current collection devices. The timer 15 is used for recording the charging and discharging time of the battery 13. The display screen 16 is used for displaying information such as the state of charge of the battery 13. It is understood that the electronic device 100 may also include other devices, such as pressure sensors, light sensors, gyroscopes, hygrometers, infrared sensors, etc.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for charging and discharging a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The charging and discharging method of the battery is applied to an electronic device. The charging and discharging method of the battery comprises the following steps:
step S20: it is determined whether the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 in N consecutive charge and discharge cycles is within a first preset voltage Un1 range.
In one embodiment, N ≧ 50, and N is an integer. The first preset voltage Un1= U0+ Δ U1, and U0 is a system lower limit voltage of the battery 13, where U0 is equal to or greater than 2.75V and equal to or less than 3.0V, and Δ U1 is equal to or less than 0.6V and equal to or less than 0.4V.
For example, the negative active material of the battery 13 is a silicon and graphite mixture with a specific capacity of 500mAh/g, and the negative formulation includes 5% polyacrylic acid (PAA), 2% conductive carbon ink, and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The positive active material of the battery 13 is potassium cobaltate, and the positive formula contains 2% of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and 1.5% of conductive carbon black. The battery 13 is a soft package lithium ion secondary battery with the thickness of 3.3mm, the width of 40mm and the length of 95mm, the capacity is 2200mAh, and the system voltage range of the battery 13 is [2.75V,4.4V ]. The battery 13 is continuously charged and discharged, the acquisition device 14 acquires a charging start voltage Un and a charging cut-off voltage U during each charging, acquires a discharging start voltage and a discharging cut-off voltage during each discharging, records the charging time and the discharging time of the battery 13 through the timer 15, and displays the real-time state of charge SOC of the battery 13 on the display screen 16 of the electronic device 100. Wherein SOC = remaining capacity/rated capacity, and the rated capacity is 2200mAh. And recording a charging and discharging curve of the battery 13 according to the information of the cycle number, the charging initial voltage, the charging cut-off voltage, the discharging initial voltage, the discharging cut-off voltage, the charging and discharging, the state of charge and the like of the battery 13 in the charging and discharging process.
In one embodiment, the cycle number and the charge starting voltage of the battery 13 in each charge and discharge cycle are obtained according to the charge and discharge curve of the battery 13, and it is determined whether the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 in N consecutive charge and discharge cycles is within the first preset voltage Un 1. For example, if the system lower limit voltage U0 of the battery 13 is 3.0V, the first preset voltage Un1 ranges from [3.4V,3.6V ].
Step S21: if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the N consecutive charge-discharge cycles is within the first preset voltage Un1, the battery 13 is deeply discharged in the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle.
In one embodiment, the battery 13 is deeply discharged by a first charge/discharge method or a second charge/discharge method. To avoid rapid decay of the capacity of Si-based batteries, after a certain number of charge-discharge cycles, the battery needs to be deeply discharged to release part of its hidden capacity, for example by reducing the charge starting voltage of the battery. In one embodiment, deep discharge refers to sustaining discharge to a discharge capacity greater than a certain proportion of the rated capacity, which may be a preset value, such as 90%, 80%, or others, of the rated capacity. In the discharging process of the battery, the battery is deeply discharged through the first charging and discharging mode or the second charging and discharging mode so as to reduce the discharging cut-off voltage of the battery, which is equivalent to reducing the charging initial voltage of the battery in the next charging, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the rapid attenuation of the battery capacity.
Step S22: if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the N consecutive charge-discharge cycles is not within the first preset voltage Un1, the battery 13 is discharged in the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle in a default manner. The default mode is an initial charging and discharging mode of the battery 13.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for deeply discharging a battery through a first charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method for deeply discharging the battery through the first charging mode comprises the following steps of:
step S30: in the discharging process of the (N + 1) th charging and discharging cycle, the battery 13 is discharged to a first state of charge SOCr1, and the state of charge of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is controlled to be SOCf1.
In an embodiment, SOCf1= SOCr1+ a. Wherein, SOCr1 is more than or equal to 0 percent and less than or equal to 80 percent, a is more than 0 percent and less than or equal to 20 percent, and SOCr1+ a is less than 100 percent. For example, the first state of charge SOCr1 is 40%, a is 10%, that is, the battery 13 is discharged to the state of charge SOCr1 of 40%, and the state of charge SOCf1= SOCr1+ a =40% +10% =50% of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16, and the user is prompted to continue using the electronic device 100 to deeply discharge the battery 13 by displaying a state of charge higher than the actual state of charge, so that the discharge cutoff voltage of the battery 13 is reduced, and thus the charge starting voltage of the battery 13 is reduced.
In another embodiment, 0% SOCr1 is less than or equal to 30%, or 5% a is less than or equal to 15%. For example, the first state of charge SOCr1 is 10%, a is 15%, that is, the battery 13 is discharged to a state of charge SOCr1 of 0%, and the state of charge SOCf1= SOCr1+ a =10% +15% =25% of the battery 13 displayed on the display 16 prompts the user to continue using the electronic device 100 when the battery 13 is in a low state of charge by displaying a state of charge higher than an actual state of charge, thereby discharging the battery 13 more deeply.
Step S31: in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycles, it is determined whether the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the second preset voltage Un 2.
In one embodiment Un2= U0+ Δ U2, where 0V ≦ Δ U2 < 0.4V. The charging starting voltage Un of the battery 13 in the charging process of the N +2 th and later charge-discharge cycle is collected by the collecting device 14, and whether the charging starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the range of a second preset voltage Un2 is judged.
Step S32: if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the second preset voltage Un2, in the discharging process of the N +2 and following charge and discharge cycles, the battery 13 is discharged to a second state of charge SOCr2, and the state of charge of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is controlled to be SOCf2.
In an embodiment, SOCr2= SOCf2. Referring to fig. 4, when the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the second preset voltage Un2, the capacity of the battery 13 does not decay rapidly any more, so that the state of charge SOCf2 of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is restored to be the same as the actual state of charge SOCr2 of the battery 13 during the discharge of the N +2 th and subsequent charge-discharge cycle.
If the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage Un2, returning to step S30, and in the discharging process of the charging and discharging cycle, repeatedly executing the first charging and discharging manner to deeply discharge the battery 13 until the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the next charging and discharging cycle is within the range of the second preset voltage Un 2.
As shown in fig. 4, when the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage Un2, the capacity of the battery 13 may be rapidly attenuated, and thus, the first charge and discharge mode needs to be repeatedly performed to deeply discharge the battery 13. During the discharge of this charge-discharge cycle, the state of charge of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is SOCf2= SOCr2+ a. The display of the state of charge higher than the actual state of charge prompts the user to continue using the electronic device 100 to deeply discharge the battery 13, thereby reducing the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery 13, and further reducing the range of the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 to the second preset voltage Un 2.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for deeply discharging a battery through a second charging method according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method for deeply discharging the battery through the second charging mode comprises the following steps of:
step S50: and in the charging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, charging the battery 13 to a third preset voltage Un3.
In one embodiment, un3= U1- Δ U3, U1 being the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13. Wherein U1 is more than or equal to 4.3V and less than or equal to 4.5V, and delta U3 is more than or equal to 0.1V and less than or equal to 0.3V.
For example, if the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13 is 4.45V and Δ U3 is 0.2V, the third preset voltage Un3 is 4.25V. That is, when the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13 is 4.45V, if the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 in N consecutive charge and discharge cycles is within the first preset voltage Un1, the battery 13 is charged to 4.25V in the charge process of the N +1 th charge and discharge cycle, that is, the charge cut-off voltage of the battery 13 is 4.25V.
In an embodiment, the chemical ID of the battery 13 when the charge cut-off voltage is determined to be the third preset voltage Un3 is determined, and the state of charge of the battery 13 is recalibrated according to the chemical ID. Specifically, a polarization curve of the battery 13 during the charging process is obtained according to the chemical ID of the battery 13, and the state of charge of the battery 13 is recalibrated according to the polarization curve. Where recalibrated state of charge SOC = battery remaining capacity/capacity when battery is charged to Un3.
It should be noted that, since the third preset voltage Un3 (corresponding to the new charge cut-off voltage) is set to be smaller than the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13, when the battery 13 is charged to the third preset voltage Un3, the state of charge is 100% (i.e. fully charged), and actually, the electric quantity of the battery 13 is not fully charged. This is done to reduce the amount of charge to the battery 13, and to facilitate the user to recharge the battery 13 when the battery 13 is more deeply discharged, so as to reduce the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery 13, and thus the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13.
Step 51: in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycles, it is determined whether the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
In one embodiment Un4= U0+ Δ U4, where 0V ≦ Δ U2 < 0.4V. The charging starting voltage Un of the battery 13 in the charging process of the N +2 th and later charge-discharge cycle is collected by the collecting device 14, and whether the charging starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the range of a fourth preset voltage Un4 is judged.
Step S52: if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the fourth preset voltage Un4, the battery 13 is charged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, when the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the fourth preset voltage Un4, the capacity of the battery 13 does not decay rapidly any more, so that the battery 13 is recharged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery 13 during the charge of the N +2 th and subsequent charge and discharge cycle.
In one embodiment, when the battery 13 is recharged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery 13, the state of charge of the battery 13 is recalibrated based on the chemical ID of the battery 13 when the charge cut-off voltage is the system upper limit voltage U1, and at this time, the state of charge of the battery 13 = battery remaining capacity/rated capacity. That is, the state of charge of the battery 13 is 100% at the system upper limit voltage U1 at which the battery 13 is charged to the battery 13.
If the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the fourth preset voltage Un4, returning to step S50, and in the charging process of the charging and discharging cycle, repeatedly executing the second charging and discharging manner to charge the battery 13 until the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the next charging and discharging cycle is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
As shown in fig. 4, if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined voltage Un4, the capacity of the battery 13 may still decay rapidly, and thus, the second charging and discharging manner needs to be repeatedly performed to discharge the battery 13. In the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the battery 13 is fully charged to the third preset voltage Un3, so as to reduce the amount of electricity for charging the battery 13, and facilitate a user to charge the battery 13 when the battery 13 is more deeply discharged, so as to reduce the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery 13, and further reduce the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for deeply discharging a battery by a second charging method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method for deeply discharging the battery through the second charging mode comprises the following steps of:
step S60: and in the charging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, charging the battery 13 to a third preset voltage Un3.
In one embodiment, un3= U1- Δ U3, U1 being the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13. Wherein U1 is more than or equal to 4.3V and less than or equal to 4.5V, and delta U3 is more than or equal to 0.1V and less than or equal to 0.3V.
For example, if the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13 is 4.45V and Δ U3 is 0.2V, the third preset voltage Un3 is 4.25V. That is, when the system upper limit voltage of the battery 13 is 4.45V, if the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 in N consecutive charge and discharge cycles is within the first preset voltage Un1, the battery 13 is charged to 4.25V in the charge process of the N +1 th charge and discharge cycle, that is, the charge cut-off voltage of the battery 13 is 4.25V.
Step 61: when the battery 13 is charged to the third preset voltage Un3, the state of charge is a third state of charge SOCr3, and the state of charge of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is controlled to be SOCf3.
In one embodiment, the display 16 displays the state of charge SOCf3= SOCr3+ b of the battery 13. Wherein, SOCr3 is more than or equal to 45 percent and less than or equal to 70 percent, b is more than 0 percent and less than or equal to 30 percent, and SOCr3+ b is less than or equal to 100 percent. For example, the third state of charge SOCr3 is 60%, and b =20%, the state of charge of the battery 13 displayed on the display screen 16 is 80% when the state of charge of the battery 13 when charging to the third preset voltage Un3 is 60%.
It should be noted that the state of charge of the battery 13 when the battery 13 is charged to the third preset voltage Un3 is 60%, and the state of charge of the battery 13 actually displayed by the display screen 16 is 80%. Therefore, the user can be guided to finish charging the battery 13 in advance, the electric quantity for charging the battery 13 is reduced, and the user is promoted to charge the battery 13 when the battery 13 is discharged more deeply, so as to reduce the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery 13, and further reduce the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13.
Step 62: in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycles, it is determined whether the charge start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
In one embodiment Un4= U0+ Δ U4, where 0V ≦ Δ U2 < 0.4V. The collection device 14 collects the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the charging process of the N +2 th and subsequent charging and discharging cycle, and determines whether the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within a range of a fourth preset voltage Un 4.
Step S63: if the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un4, the battery 13 is charged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, when the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is within the fourth preset voltage Un4, the capacity of the battery 13 does not decay rapidly any more, so that the battery 13 is recharged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery 13 during the charge of the N +2 th and subsequent charge and discharge cycle.
In one embodiment, when the battery 13 is recharged to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery 13, the state of charge of the battery 13 is recalibrated based on the chemical ID of the battery 13 when the charge cut-off voltage is the system upper limit voltage U1, where the state of charge of the battery 13 = battery remaining capacity/rated capacity. That is, the state of charge of the battery 13 is 100% at the system upper limit voltage U1 at which the battery 13 is charged to the battery 13.
If the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the fourth preset voltage Un4, returning to step S60, and in the charging process of the charging and discharging cycle, repeatedly executing the second charging and discharging manner to charge the battery 13 until the charging start voltage Un of the battery 13 in the next charging and discharging cycle is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
As shown in fig. 4, if the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the fourth preset voltage Un4, the capacity of the battery 13 is still rapidly attenuated, and thus, the second charge and discharge method needs to be repeatedly performed to discharge the battery 13. In the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the battery 13 is fully charged when the battery 13 is charged to the third preset voltage Un3, so as to reduce the electric quantity for charging the battery 13, and facilitate a user to charge the battery 13 when the battery 13 is more deeply discharged, so as to reduce the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery 13, and further reduce the charge starting voltage Un of the battery 13.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the memory 11 may be an internal memory of an electronic device, that is, a memory built in the electronic device. In other embodiments, the first memory 11 may also be an external memory of the electronic device, i.e. a memory externally connected to the electronic device.
In some embodiments, the memory 11 is used for storing program codes and various data, and realizes high-speed and automatic access to programs or data during the operation of the electronic device.
The memory 11 may include random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
In one embodiment, the Processor 12 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any other conventional processor or the like.
The program code and various data in the memory 11 may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the present application may also implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the embodiments, for example, implement the steps in the method for charging and discharging a battery, and may also be implemented by using a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the embodiments of the methods may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), or the like.
It is understood that the above described module division is a logical function division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation. In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into the same processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into the same unit. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a form of hardware and a software functional module.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A method for charging and discharging a battery, which is applied to electric equipment, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
judging whether the charging initial voltage Un of the battery in N continuous charging and discharging cycles is within a first preset voltage Un1 range or not;
if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery in N continuous charging and discharging cycles is within a first preset voltage Un1 range;
deeply discharging the battery in the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle;
wherein N is not less than 50, N is an integer, un1= U0+ Δ U1, U0 is the system lower limit voltage of the battery, and Δ U1 is not less than 0.4V and not more than 0.6V.
2. The charge-discharge method according to claim 1, wherein said deep discharging the battery in the N +1 th charge-discharge cycle comprises deep discharging the battery by a first charge-discharge pattern comprising:
and in the discharging process of the (N + 1) th charging and discharging cycle, discharging the battery to a first state of charge SOCr1, wherein the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric equipment is SOCf1, the SOCf1= SOCr1+ a, SOCr1 is more than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 80%, a is more than 0% and less than or equal to 20%, and SOCr1+ a is less than 100%.
3. The charge and discharge method according to claim 2, wherein SOCr1 is 0% or more and 30% or less, or a is 5% or more and 15% or less.
4. The charging and discharging method according to claim 2, further comprising:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and later charge-discharge cycle, if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery is within a second preset voltage Un2 range, wherein Un2= U0+ delta U2, and 0V is less than or equal to delta U2 and less than 0.4V;
discharging the battery to a second state of charge SOCr2 during the discharging process of the N +2 th and subsequent charge-discharge cycle, wherein the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric consumer is SOCf2, wherein SOCr2= SOCf2.
5. The charging and discharging method according to claim 4, further comprising:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycles, if the charge starting voltage Un of the battery is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage Un2, in the discharging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the first charge-discharge mode is repeatedly executed to deeply discharge the battery until the charge starting voltage Un of the battery in the next charge-discharge cycle is within the range of the second preset voltage Un 2.
6. The charge-discharge method according to claim 1, wherein said deep discharging the battery in the N +1 th charge-discharge cycle comprises deep discharging the battery by a second charge-discharge pattern comprising:
and in the charging process of the (N + 1) th charge-discharge cycle, charging the battery to a third preset voltage Un3, wherein Un3= U1-delta U3, U1 is the system upper limit voltage of the battery, and delta U3 is more than or equal to 0.1V and less than or equal to 0.3V.
7. The charge-discharge method according to claim 6, wherein 4.3 V.ltoreq.U 1.ltoreq.4.5V.
8. The charging and discharging method according to claim 6, wherein the second charging and discharging method further comprises:
the state of charge of the battery when the battery is charged to Un3 is a third state of charge SOCr3, and the state of charge of the battery displayed on the electric equipment is SOCf3, wherein SOCf3= SOCr3+ b, SOCr3 is greater than or equal to 45% and less than or equal to 70%, b is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 30%, and SOCr3+ b is less than or equal to 100%.
9. The charging and discharging method according to claim 6, further comprising:
and in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and later charge-discharge cycle, if the charging initial voltage Un of the battery is within the range of a fourth preset voltage Un4, charging the battery to the system upper limit voltage U1 of the battery in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, wherein Un4= U0+ delta U4, and 0V is more than or equal to delta U4 and less than 0.4V.
10. The charging and discharging method according to claim 9, further comprising:
in the charging process of the (N + 2) th and subsequent charge-discharge cycle, if the charging starting voltage Un of the battery is greater than or equal to the fourth preset voltage Un4, in the charging process of the charge-discharge cycle, the second charge-discharge mode is repeatedly executed to charge the battery until the charging starting voltage Un of the battery in the next charge-discharge cycle is within the range of the fourth preset voltage Un 4.
11. The charge-discharge method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein 2.75V ≦ U0 ≦ 3.0V.
12. An electronic device, comprising:
a battery; and
a processor for performing the charging and discharging method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to charge and discharge the battery.
13. A storage medium having stored thereon at least one computer instruction, wherein the instruction is loaded by a processor and adapted to perform a charging and discharging method according to any of claims 1 to 11.
CN202110345633.6A 2021-03-31 2021-03-31 Method for charging and discharging battery, electronic device, and storage medium Pending CN115149595A (en)

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