CN115142016A - Amorphous alloy coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Amorphous alloy coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115142016A CN115142016A CN202111048422.2A CN202111048422A CN115142016A CN 115142016 A CN115142016 A CN 115142016A CN 202111048422 A CN202111048422 A CN 202111048422A CN 115142016 A CN115142016 A CN 115142016A
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- amorphous alloy
- alloy coating
- coating
- vapor deposition
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- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
- C23C14/165—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The inventive concept provides a method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating and a cooker including the amorphous alloy coating obtained by the method. The method comprises the following steps: providing a substrate; and forming an amorphous alloy coating on the substrate using a vapor deposition method. According to the conception of the invention, the amorphous alloy coating is formed on the inner wall of the cooker by utilizing the vapor deposition process, so that the inner surface of the non-stick cooker has low surface energy, high wear resistance and high temperature stability, thereby having the advantages of high temperature resistance, wear resistance and the like while being non-stick, and realizing the effect of lasting non-stick.
Description
Technical Field
The present inventive concept relates to a coating, and more particularly, to a method of providing a non-stick coating on an inner wall of a cooker and an amorphous alloy coating formed on the inner wall of the cooker by the method.
Background
The realization of the non-stick technology has three main directions: 1) Low surface energy of itself; 2) Forming a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface similar to a lotus leaf surface through a microscopic concave-convex structure; 3) The porous oil storage forms a stable oil film so as to realize non-sticking by using oil as a medium.
The non-stick materials for the current cookers mainly comprise fluorine paint, ceramic paint and organic silicon resin, and the three non-stick materials form a non-stick coating on the inner surface of the cooker mainly in a spraying mode so as to achieve the purpose of non-sticking when heating food. The fluorine paint mainly comprises PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid ammonium), PFA (copolymer of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) and the like, and the non-stick principle of the fluorine paint is that the fluorine-containing polymer has extremely low surface free energy. The ceramic coating is mainly a coating which takes inorganic silicon with a silicon-oxygen bond structure as a main component, and the non-stick effect is achieved mainly by forming a nano structure on the surface of a cooker. The silicone resin achieves the effect of non-stick mainly by utilizing the characteristic of low surface energy. Although these three coatings have a non-stick effect, they all have significant drawbacks: the fluorine coating non-stick coating is not wear-resistant, so that an iron shovel cannot be used during cooking, a steel wire ball and scouring pad cannot be used for cleaning, harmful substances can be generated by decomposition at high temperature, and the non-stick property is reduced after the coating is worn; the ceramic coating has a poor non-stick effect compared with a fluorine coating, and is mainly non-stick by using silicone oil in a coating system, but the coating is poor in permanent non-stick property and is easy to fall off after being used for 3-6 months generally; the non-stick effect of the organic silicon coating is poorer than that of the fluorine coating, the color of the organic silicon coating is easy to yellow or gray after the organic silicon coating is contacted with high temperature or open fire, the hardness is reduced at high temperature, and the phenomenon of 'back sticking' is easy to generate.
Therefore, the non-stick material generally has the phenomenon of poor permanent non-stick property.
Disclosure of Invention
An aspect of the inventive concept provides a method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating, by which an amorphous alloy coating having low surface energy, high wear resistance, and high temperature stability can be prepared.
Another aspect of the inventive concept provides a cookware including an amorphous alloy coating that is resistant to high temperatures, abrasion, etc., while not being sticky, thereby achieving a durable non-stick effect.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating includes: providing a substrate; forming an amorphous alloy coating on the substrate using a vapor deposition method.
The vapor deposition method may include at least any one of vacuum evaporation, vacuum sputtering, and ion plating.
The step of forming the amorphous alloy coating may include performing vapor deposition for 60s to 120s.
The amorphous alloy coating may include at least any one of Fe-based amorphous alloy, zr-based amorphous alloy, cu-based amorphous alloy, al-based amorphous alloy, mg-based amorphous alloy, ti-based amorphous alloy, and high entropy alloy.
The target used in the vapor deposition process can be at least any one of a plurality of high-purity elemental targets, a plurality of binary alloy targets, a ternary alloy target and a single high-entropy alloy target.
The thickness of the amorphous alloy coating layer formed on the substrate may be 0.5 to 2 μm.
The amorphous alloy coating may include two or more layers.
The two or more amorphous alloy coatings may have different degrees of amorphization from each other.
The two or more amorphous alloy coatings may have different porosities from each other.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a non-stick cookware includes the amorphous alloy coating described above as an inner wall coating for cookware.
According to the above description, the amorphous alloy coating formed on the inner wall of the cooker by the vapor deposition process according to the present invention has the advantages of low surface energy, high wear resistance, high temperature stability, etc., so that the amorphous alloy coating has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, etc., while achieving non-adhesion, thereby achieving the effect of durable non-adhesion.
Detailed Description
The inventive concept will now be described more fully hereinafter. The inventive concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
An amorphous alloy is an alloy in which atoms are topologically randomly arranged in a three-dimensional space in a solid state and which maintains a relatively stable state over a certain temperature range. The amorphous alloy has the characteristic of long-range disorder short-range order, and molecules (or atoms and ions) of substances composing the amorphous alloy do not have spatial regular periodicity, and crystal grains and crystal boundaries of the crystalline alloy do not exist, so that the amorphous alloy has lower surface energy compared with common materials to generate a non-sticky effect. Meanwhile, the amorphous alloy has no structural defects such as grain boundaries, twin crystals, lattice defects, dislocation, stacking faults and the like in the crystalline alloy, has no heterogeneous phase, precipitate, segregation and fluctuation of other components, is a disordered structure, has high uniformity chemically, has no plastic deformation modes such as grain boundary slippage and the like when being subjected to external force, and has higher strength. Accordingly, the present invention contemplates to realize the characteristics of high non-adhesiveness and long service life of the cooker by forming the amorphous alloy coating layer on the inner wall of the cooker using the vapor deposition method.
Hereinafter, the coating layer formed by the vapor deposition process having high strength, high lifespan and excellent non-tackiness, which is contemplated by the present invention, will now be described in detail.
The method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating applicable to a surface of cookware according to the inventive concept may include a step of providing a base material and a step of forming an amorphous alloy coating on the base material using a vapor deposition method.
According to the inventive concept, the base material may be a base of a cooker (e.g., a pot), so that a receiving space may be provided for an operation such as cooking. Therefore, the base material can be manufactured in various shapes using a metal material. For example, according to example embodiments, the base material may include stainless steel, cast iron, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy, a magnesium alloy, or a composite material composed of two or more of them, and may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure, to which the inventive concept is not limited. In addition, the substrate may be formed to have an angled shape and/or a rounded shape according to the process, aesthetic appearance, specific needs.
After providing the substrate, the substrate may be pretreated. Here, the pre-treatment may include a treatment of degreasing, sanding, alcohol wiping, etc. the surface of the substrate on which the amorphous alloy coating is to be formed, to provide excellent surface properties to facilitate the formation and adhesion of the amorphous alloy coating. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the pretreatment step of the substrate may be omitted.
After providing the substrate, a vapor deposition process may be performed on the surface of the substrate to form an amorphous alloy coating on the surface of the substrate. Vapor deposition according to the inventive concept may include vapor deposition processes such as vacuum evaporation, vacuum sputtering, and ion plating, and the like, and one or more vapor deposition processes may be employed to form an amorphous alloy coating layer to be described below.
The vapor deposition process according to the inventive concept may employ at least any one of a multi-piece high-purity elemental target (e.g., an iron target, a zirconium target, a copper target, an aluminum target, a nickel target, etc.), a multi-piece binary target (e.g., fe60Cr40, fe70Mo30, fe90Si10, fe90B10, etc.), a ternary alloy target (e.g., fe40Ti40Cr20, fe50Mo30Cr20, zr40-Ni30-Al30, etc.), and a single-piece high-entropy alloy target (e.g., fe20-Ni20-Cr20-Al20-Ti20, fe20-Al20-Mo20-Zr20-Ni 20) as raw materials for forming the amorphous alloy coating. Here, the amorphous alloy coating layer may include at least any one of Fe-based amorphous alloy, zr-based amorphous alloy, cu-based amorphous alloy, al-based amorphous alloy, mg-based amorphous alloy, ti-based amorphous alloy, and high-entropy alloy, and may include at least any one of Fe, zr, cu, al, mg, ti, sn, ni, pb, zn, nd, ga, mo, hf, cr, ca, Y, si, P, B, and C. For example, in the case of a liquid, the composition of the amorphous alloy material may be, expressed in atomic percentage, zr53-Cu30-Al10-Ni5-Hf2, zr60-Cr20-Al13-Ni5-Hf2, zr65- (Ti) -Ni10-Al10-Cu15, fe-Sn-Pb-P-C, fe-Cr 5-Mo6-B4-Si5, fe40-Zr25-Cr9-B6-Cu15-Y5, fe50-Zr20-Cr9-B6-C μ 10-Y5, etc. Further, the high entropy alloys described herein may refer to alloys known in the art that contain more than five alloying elements and that have equal or substantially equal atomic percentages of the various alloying constituents. For example, the high entropy alloy may be Fe20-Sn20-Pb20-P20-C20, etc. Accordingly, the inventive concept is not described in detail as high entropy alloys and is not limited thereto.
Therefore, a suitable target material can be selected according to the amorphous alloy coating layer to be formed.
After selecting a suitable target, a vapor deposition process may be performed for 60s to 120s. Here, when the vapor deposition process is performed for less than 60s, the amorphous alloy coating layer is formed to have a low thickness, thereby having low wear resistance; in contrast, when the vapor deposition process is performed for a time greater than 120s, it is difficult to continue depositing a plating layer on the surface due to poor conductivity of the amorphous alloy.
According to the inventive concept, atoms or ions of a target material may be deposited on a surface (e.g., an inner surface) of a substrate through a vapor deposition process, so that an amorphous alloy coating according to the inventive concept may be prepared.
Here, the thickness of the amorphous alloy coating layer may be controlled to 0.5 μm to 2 μm by the vapor deposition process. When the thickness of the amorphous alloy coating is too thin to be less than 0.5 μm, the wear resistance of the formed amorphous alloy coating is insufficient, thereby easily causing a short life of the amorphous alloy coating. In addition, since the amorphous alloy coating layer is formed by vapor deposition in which metal atoms are deposited layer by layer, the thickness of the amorphous alloy coating layer is difficult to be thick because the deposition efficiency is too low due to a long vapor deposition time. Therefore, the maximum thickness of the amorphous alloy coating can be controlled to be not more than 2 μm on the premise of ensuring wear resistance and service life.
In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the amorphous alloy coating layer may be formed as one layer or two or more layers stacked on each other by employing a vapor deposition process. That is, the formation of at least two layers of amorphous alloy coatings may be achieved by selecting different deposition processes, different process parameters, and the like. In this case, the amorphous alloy coatings of two or more layers formed may have the same or different degrees of amorphization and the same or different porosities, and boundaries between different layers may not be apparent when different layers are formed due to process characteristics. However, the inventive concept is not limited thereto.
According to the conception of the invention, the amorphous alloy coating formed by the vapor deposition process is uniform and compact, the porosity can be controlled within 1 percent, and the coating has high strength and better surface quality. In addition, since the vapor deposition process is metal atom deposition, the equivalent cooling rate during the deposition process is high, so that the amorphous phase proportion in the formed metal coating is high and can exceed 90vol% (volume percent). However, it is noted that when the amorphous alloy coating layer is formed to include two or more layers, the porosity and amorphous phase ratio of the amorphous alloy coating layer formed as the amorphous alloy coating layer closest to the substrate are not limited, and the porosity of the amorphous alloy coating layer disposed at the outermost portion (farthest from the substrate) is controlled to be within 1%, and the amorphous phase ratio is controlled to be 90vol% or more.
The method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating according to the present inventive concept is described in detail above, and hereinafter, the method of preparing an amorphous alloy coating according to the present inventive concept will be described in detail with multi-arc ion plating as a specific example of vapor deposition. Wherein, the thickness of the coating is observed and measured by a scanning electron microscope after being sliced; the amorphization degree adopts an XRD phase analysis method; and (3) porosity measurement: preparing a sample, observing a cross section by using a metallographic microscope, taking a picture, and introducing the picture into IQmetric software for analysis; the hardness of the plating layer is measured by adopting a nano-indenter; the abrasion resistance was tested according to the method of 4.3.1 in GB/T32095.2-2015.
Example 1
(1) Providing a stainless steel base material, and carrying out surface pretreatment on the stainless steel base material. The surface pretreatment is to clean oil stain on the surface by adopting an alkaline solvent, clean the surface by using clean water after cleaning, and dry the surface. And then carrying out sandblasting coarsening treatment on the base material to increase the surface roughness of the base material, so that the bonding force of subsequent vapor deposition can be improved. After the treatment is finished, wiping the treated surface of the substrate by alcohol so as to clean the surface of the substrate;
(2) Selecting an Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5 iron-based target material, wherein the size of the target material is 50mm, the radius of the target material is multiplied by 5mm, the target material is arranged in a vacuum chamber of vapor deposition, and a stainless steel substrate is hung in the vacuum chamber;
(3) The vacuum chamber is vacuumized to 10 -2 Pa, introducing argon to 3Pa, adjusting the air ratio to 50%, biasing to 450V, arc current to 100A, and setting the temperature to 220 ℃. The rotating speed of the stainless steel base material hanger is 25 r/min-35 r/min. And after the arc striking is stable, performing multi-arc ion plating, wherein the film plating time is 60s.
Through the specific process, the iron-based amorphous alloy coating with the thickness of 0.5 mu m, the amorphization degree of 95 percent and the porosity of 0.5 percent can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has the hardness of 13.5Gpa, the wear resistance of 8000 times and excellent non-stick performance.
Example 2
The difference from the process of the embodiment 1 is that the coating time is 80s.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating with the thickness of 1 mu m, the amorphization degree of 95 percent and the porosity of 0.5 percent can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has the hardness of 14.2Gpa, the wear resistance of 12000 times and excellent non-stick performance.
Example 3
The difference from the process of the embodiment 1 is that the coating time is 120s.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating having a thickness of 2 μm, an amorphization degree of 97%, and a porosity of 0.5% can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has a hardness of 14.1Gpa and an abrasion resistance of 20000 times, and is excellent in non-stick property.
Example 4
The process is different from the process of the embodiment 2 in that the used targets are Fe60Cr40, fe70Mo30, fe90Si10 and Fe90B10 alloy targets.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating with the thickness of 1 mu m, the amorphization degree of 92% and the porosity of 0.5% can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has the hardness of 13.7Gpa, the wear resistance of 120000 times and excellent non-stick performance.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the process of the embodiment 1 is that the coating time is 50s.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating with the thickness of 0.2 mu m, the degree of amorphization of 96 percent and the porosity of 0.5 percent can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has the hardness of 13.7Gpa, the wear resistance of 3000 times and excellent non-stick performance.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the process of the embodiment 1 is that the coating time is 200s.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating with the thickness of 2 mu m, the amorphization degree of 96 percent and the porosity of 0.5 percent can be formed on the surface of the base material, and the amorphous alloy coating has the hardness of 13.7Gpa, the wear resistance of 3000 times and excellent non-stick performance.
While one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making an amorphous alloy coating, the method comprising:
providing a substrate;
forming an amorphous alloy coating on the substrate using a vapor deposition method.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the vapor deposition method comprises at least any one of vacuum evaporation, vacuum sputtering, and ion plating.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the amorphous alloy coating comprises at least any one of an Fe-based amorphous alloy, a Zr-based amorphous alloy, a Cu-based amorphous alloy, an Al-based amorphous alloy, a Mg-based amorphous alloy, a Ti-based amorphous alloy, and a high entropy alloy.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of forming the amorphous alloy coating comprises performing a vapor deposition process for 60s to 120s.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the target used in the vapor deposition process is at least any one of a multi-piece high purity elemental target, a multi-piece binary alloy target, a ternary alloy target, and a monolithic high entropy alloy target.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amorphous alloy coating formed on the substrate has a thickness of 0.5 μ ι η to 2 μ ι η.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the amorphous alloy coating comprises two or more layers.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the two or more amorphous alloy coatings have different degrees of amorphization from each other.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the two or more amorphous alloy coatings have different porosities from each other.
10. Non-stick cookware, characterized in that it comprises a coating of amorphous alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN116121707A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-05-16 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | TiCrAlSiX coating on titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof |
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