CN115140959A - Alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115140959A
CN115140959A CN202210886682.5A CN202210886682A CN115140959A CN 115140959 A CN115140959 A CN 115140959A CN 202210886682 A CN202210886682 A CN 202210886682A CN 115140959 A CN115140959 A CN 115140959A
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alkali
lightweight aggregate
baking
sulfur
excitation
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CN115140959B (en
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张超
王文龙
李玉忠
单光和
王旭江
李敬伟
吴长亮
蒋稳
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Xintai Industrial Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract

The invention discloses an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a light core layer: selecting polyphenyl particles as a light core layer raw material; preparing raw materials of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer: mixing and grinding a sulphoaluminate cementing material, granular blast furnace slag, red mud and desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio of 5-30; preparation of baking-free lightweight aggregate: placing 0.5-1 part of the light nuclear layer raw material in a disc granulator for pre-wetting treatment, scattering 1-3 parts of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material into the disc granulator, continuously spraying water into the mixture, and carrying out primary granulation to obtain a blank; and (3) transferring the blank into a film coating machine, adding 7-10 parts of alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, performing secondary granulation, and curing to obtain the finished product.

Description

Alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, the prior art for preparing the baking-free lightweight aggregate mostly adopts fly ash as a main raw material and ordinary silicon cement as a cementing material for preparation. In order to improve the strength performance of the ceramsite, various additives (such as polypropylene fibers, glass fibers, phase change materials, alkali activators and the like) are additionally added for preparation. There are the following problems:
(1) The prior baking-free lightweight aggregate product is mostly prepared by adopting an alkali excitation mode based on a common silica cement system. The ordinary silicon cement is high-carbon cement, and has the problems of high pollution and high energy consumption.
(2) The existing baking-free lightweight aggregate products are mostly prepared by adopting an alkali excitation mode, and the strength performance of the baking-free lightweight aggregate needs to be improved by adding materials such as an alkali exciting agent, an early strength agent, fibers and the like due to poor performance, so that the problems of high cost and poor performance exist.
(3) The solid waste raw materials adopted by the existing baking-free lightweight aggregate product are mostly fly ash, and the problems of single utilization of solid waste and low utilization rate exist.
(4) The existing baking-free ceramsite products generally have the problems of high density and water absorption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials:
a light core layer: selecting polyphenyl granules (EPS) as a light core layer raw material;
preparing raw materials of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer: mixing and grinding the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio of 5-30;
preparation of baking-free lightweight aggregate: placing 0.5-1 part of the light nuclear layer raw material in a disc granulator according to the volume part for pre-wetting treatment, scattering 1-3 parts of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material into the disc granulator, continuously spraying water into the mixture, and carrying out primary granulation to obtain a blank;
and (3) transferring the blank into a film coating machine, adding 7-10 parts of alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, performing secondary granulation, and curing to obtain the finished product.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate prepared by the preparation method.
In a third aspect, the invention provides application of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate in lightweight aggregate concrete.
The beneficial effects achieved by one or more of the embodiments of the invention described above are as follows:
the invention takes the polyphenyl granules as the light nuclear layer to reduce the density of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product, takes the low-carbon solid waste based sulphoaluminate gelled material as the gelled material, takes the Bayer process red mud as an alkali source, takes the granular blast furnace slag as a silicon-aluminum material and takes the desulphurization byproduct desulfurized gypsum as an auxiliary sulfate material to prepare the alkali-sulfur double-excitation enhancement layer, thereby improving the strength of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product. The invention relates to a hydrophobic layer prepared by taking a solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material as a cementing material, granular blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum and an organic silicon waterproof agent, which mainly comprises an AFt phase, C (N) -A-S-H and an organic silicon hydrophobic film. Greatly reduces the water absorption of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
All raw materials are derived from solid waste, the utilization types of the solid waste reach 7, the problem that the solid waste of the existing non-fired lightweight aggregate product is single in utilization is solved, and the utilization rate of the solid waste is over 90 percent. And the calcination temperature is 1230 ℃, which belongs to the problem that low-carbon cement can reduce high energy consumption and high pollution of ordinary cement.
The method adopts an alkali-sulfur double-excitation mode, realizes the improvement of the strength performance by directionally regulating and controlling the synthesis of the ettringite and the geopolymer gel, can realize the preparation of the high-strength ceramsite without adding any additive, realizes the high-strength performance of the ceramsite, reduces the preparation cost, and solves the problems of high cost and low strength of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product in a single alkali excitation mode. Realizes the substitution of the low-carbon cementing material for the high-carbon cementing material in the process of preparing the baking-free lightweight aggregate.
The special multi-shell structure of the light core layer, the alkali-excitation reinforced core layer and the hydrophobic layer is adopted, so that the density and the water absorption rate of the product are reduced while the strength of the baking-free lightweight aggregate is ensured.
The light nuclear layer of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product is polystyrene particles, so that the density of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product is greatly reduced.
The main mineral components of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation shell layer of the baking-free lightweight aggregate product are an AFt phase and a C (N) -A-S-H phase compound, and reasonable blending of the content of the mineral components is the key for improving the strength performance of the product.
The bulk density of the red mud-based unfired lightweight aggregate product prepared by the invention is 800-1100Kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 5-15Mpa, the porosity is 35-55%, the porosity is 40-50%, the average pore diameter is 300-500nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of an alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate product according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the microstructure of the alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate of example 1.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials:
a light core layer: selecting polyphenyl granules (EPS) as a light core layer raw material;
preparing raw materials of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer: mixing and grinding the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio of 5-30;
preparation of baking-free lightweight aggregate:
placing 0.5-1 part of the light nuclear layer raw material in a disc granulator for pre-wetting treatment, scattering 1-3 parts of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material into the disc granulator, continuously spraying water into the mixture, and carrying out primary granulation to obtain a blank;
and (3) transferring the blank into a film coating machine, adding 7-10 parts of alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, performing secondary granulation, and then maintaining to obtain the material.
Blast furnace slag is discharged from the blast furnace when smelting pig ironThe waste products, gangue in the ore, ash content and co-solvent in the coke and other impurities which cannot enter the pig iron form a slag which mainly consists of silicates and aluminates and floats on the molten iron. The main components of the blast furnace slag are CaO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 。
The red mud is the polluting waste residue discharged when extracting aluminum oxide in the aluminum industry.
The desulfurized gypsum is an industrial byproduct gypsum obtained by desulfurizing and purifying flue gas generated after combustion of sulfur-containing fuel, and the main component of the desulfurized gypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate.
The mechanism of alkali-sulfur double excitation is:
the sulphoaluminate cement hydrates to generate a large amount of ettringite phase, which provides the basic strength of the material. The desulfurized gypsum provides a large amount of free Ca in the system 2+ And SO 4 2- . The mineral powder reacts with water in the system to generate a large amount of Al (OH) 6 ] 3- 、Ca 2+ And OH - The reaction process is shown in the reaction equation (1). SO excess in the system 4 2- The mineral powder can be excited to generate a large amount of additional ettringite so as to improve the strength of the cementing material system, and the reaction process is shown in a reaction equation (2). This process is a sulfur-excited process mechanism.
Figure BDA0003766070560000051
Figure BDA0003766070560000061
Alkali provided by the red mud can dissolve out an active Si-Al structure in the mineral powder. The dissolution process is shown in equations (3) and (4). While the dissolved active Si-Al structure can be Na under alkaline condition + /Ca 2+ The reaction produces C (N) -A-S-H, the reaction process is shown in equation 5. The mineral filling increases the strength of the cementitious material in the cementitious system.
SiO 2 +OH - +H 2 O→[H 3 SiO 4 ] - (3)
Figure BDA0003766070560000062
[H 3 SiO 4 ] - +[H 3 AlO 4 ] - +Ca 2+ /Na + →C(N)-A-S-H↓ (5)
The reason why granulation was performed twice is:
the secondary granulation process adopted in the process of preparing the baking-free lightweight aggregate can ensure that the surface of the aggregate is smoother and the balling rate is higher. Thereby improving the production efficiency of the product. The raw materials are saved.
In some embodiments, the polyphenyl particles include three particle size ranges, 2-4mm,4-6mm,6-8mm, respectively.
In some embodiments, after granulation is completed, the raw material of the hydrophobic layer is put into a film coating machine and sprayed with an organic silicon waterproof agent solution for coating treatment, and a multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product is prepared;
in the hydrophobic layer raw material, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag and the desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5-30:5-20:50-90, and the mixture is ground and sieved for standby.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the sulphoaluminate gelled material to the granulated blast furnace slag to the desulphurization gypsum in the hydrophobic layer raw material is 10-30:10-20: 50-90.
Preferably, in the hydrophobic layer raw material, the mass ratio of the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag and the desulfurized gypsum is 10-20: 60-80.
Preferably, in the organosilicon solution, the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to water is 1-20. Further preferably, in the organosilicon solution, the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to water is 5-20; preferably: the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to the water is 7-15.
In some embodiments, in the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granulated blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum are in a mass ratio of 10-30.
Preferably, in the raw materials of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum are in a mass ratio of 10-30.
In some embodiments, the sulphoaluminate cementing material is prepared by uniformly mixing 10-15 parts of iron tailing sand, 20-35 parts of carbide slag, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 20-30 parts of aluminum slag and then calcining.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 1220-1240 ℃ and the calcining time is 2-4h.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate prepared by the preparation method.
In a third aspect, the invention provides application of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate in lightweight aggregate concrete.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation process of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate is shown in figure 1:
the preparation steps of the sulphoaluminate cementing material are as follows:
(1) Drying iron tailing sand, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag for later use;
(2) Respectively taking 10 parts of iron tailing sand; 25 parts of aluminum slag; 35 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 30 parts of carbide slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the iron tailings, the aluminum slag, the desulfurized gypsum and the carbide slag, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker at the temperature of 1230 ℃ for 3 hours.
Grinding the obtained clinker and sieving the clinker with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the sulphoaluminate cementing material.
The preparation method of the multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate comprises the following steps:
(1) Counting 10 parts of sulphoaluminate-based cementing material, 10 parts of granular blast furnace slag, 40 parts of red mud and 40 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing, grinding and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
(2) According to the volume portion, 10 portions of the mixed powder and 4 portions of 1-3mm expanded perlite are uniformly mixed to prepare the alkali-sulfur double-excitation shell raw material.
(3) Taking 0.5L 2-4mm EPS particles according to volume fraction, placing the EPS particles in a disc granulator, spraying water for prewetting, and scattering 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying water solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the water solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with slight water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.15-0.25;
(4) The light aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again to carry out secondary granulation and planing treatment (the parameters of the film coating machine are that the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength baking-free light aggregate;
(5) According to the mass portion, 10 portions of sulphoaluminate cementing material, 10 portions of granular blast furnace slag and 80 portions of desulfurized gypsum are evenly mixed, ground and sieved by a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
(6) 3 parts of the hydrophobic layer raw material are added into a film coating machine according to the mass parts, and an organic silicon waterproof agent solution with the mass fraction of 10% is sprayed on the hydrophobic layer raw material, wherein the parameters of the film coating machine comprise the diameter of 60cm, the rotating speed of 25rpm, the angle of 45 degrees and the planing time of 5min, so that the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell layer baking-free lightweight aggregate product is prepared.
(7) And curing the baking-free lightweight aggregate at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for later use. The obtained high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate product is shown in figure 2, and the microstructure of the high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate product is shown in figure 3, so that the main mineral phases of the cementing material are ettringite and C (N) -A-S-H gel, and are main products of alkali-sulfur double excitation.
The performance of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate is as follows: bulk density 1020kg/m 3 Cylinder compressive strength 5.5Mpa water absorption: 5.1%, porosity 40.8%, porosity 45%, average pore diameter 350nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Example 2
The preparation steps of the sulphoaluminate gelled material are as follows:
1) Drying iron tailing sand, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag for later use;
2) Respectively taking 10 parts of iron tailing sand; 25 parts of aluminum slag; 35 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 30 parts of carbide slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the iron tailings, the aluminum slag, the desulfurized gypsum and the carbide slag, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker at the temperature of 1230 ℃ for 3 hours.
Grinding the clinker aggregate and sieving the clinker aggregate with a 150-mesh sieve to prepare the sulphoaluminate cementing material.
The preparation method of the multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate comprises the following steps:
1) Counting 20 parts of sulphoaluminate-based cementing material, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag, 30 parts of red mud and 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing, grinding and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve;
2) According to the volume portion, 10 portions of the mixed powder and 4 portions of 1-3mm expanded perlite are uniformly mixed to prepare the alkali-sulfur double-excitation shell raw material.
3) Taking 0.5L 2-4mm EPS particles according to volume fraction, placing the EPS particles in a disc granulator, spraying water for prewetting, and scattering 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying water solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the water solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with slight water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.15-0.25;
4) The lightweight aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again for secondary granulation and planing treatment (parameters of the film coating machine: the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate;
5) Uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cementing material, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag and 60 parts of desulfurized gypsum by weight, and sieving the mixture with a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
6) Adding 3 parts of the hydrophobic layer raw material into a film coating machine according to the mass parts, and spraying aqueous solution, (the parameters of the film coating machine are as follows: diameter of 60cm, rotation speed of 25rpm, angle of 45 degrees and planing time of 5 min) to obtain the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
7) And curing the baking-free lightweight aggregate at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for later use.
The properties of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate are as follows: bulk density 1020kg/m 3 Cylinder compressive strength 6.5Mpa, water absorption: 12.8%, porosity 42.8%, porosity 47%, average pore diameter 380nm 2 O＜1％。
Example 3
The preparation steps of the sulphoaluminate cementing material are as follows:
(1) Drying iron tailing sand, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag for later use;
(2) Respectively taking 10 parts of iron tailing sand; 25 parts of aluminum slag; 35 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 30 parts of carbide slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the iron tailings, the aluminum slag, the desulfurized gypsum and the carbide slag, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker at the temperature of 1230 ℃ for 3 hours.
Grinding the obtained clinker and sieving the clinker with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the sulphoaluminate cementing material.
The preparation steps of the baking-free lightweight aggregate are as follows:
1) Counting 20 parts of sulphoaluminate-based cementing material, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag, 30 parts of red mud and 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing, grinding and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve;
2) According to the volume portion, 10 portions of the mixed powder and 4 portions of 1-3mm expanded perlite are uniformly mixed to prepare the alkali-sulfur double-excitation shell raw material.
3) Taking 0.5L EPS particles with the particle size of 6-8mm according to the volume fraction, placing the EPS particles into a disc granulator, spraying water for prewetting, and scattering 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying aqueous solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the aqueous solution is sprayed to ensure that the surface of the lightweight aggregate is slightly soaked by water, and the water-cement ratio is preferably controlled to be 0.15-0.25);
4) The lightweight aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again for secondary granulation and planing treatment (parameters of the film coating machine: the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate;
5) Uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cementing material, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag and 80 parts of desulfurized gypsum by weight, and sieving the mixture with a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
6) Adding 3 parts of the raw material of the hydrophobic layer into a film coating machine according to the mass part, and spraying an organic silicon waterproof agent solution with the mass fraction of 20% (the parameters of the film coating machine are as follows: diameter of 60cm, rotation speed of 25rpm, angle of 45 degrees and planing time of 5 min) to obtain the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
7) And curing the baking-free lightweight aggregate at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for later use.
The performance of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate is as follows: bulk density 950kg/m 3 Cylinder compressive strength 7.8MPa water absorption: 3.1%, porosity 32.8%, porosity 40%, average pore diameter 301nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Comparative example 1
The cementing material adopts common 42.5 portland cement.
The preparation steps of the baking-free lightweight aggregate are as follows:
1) Counting 20 parts of sulphoaluminate-based gelling material and 80 parts of fly ash according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing, grinding and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
2) And (3) uniformly mixing 10 parts of the mixed powder and 4 parts of 1-3mm expanded perlite according to the volume parts to prepare a shell layer raw material.
3) According to volume fraction, 0.5L of EPS particles with the particle size of 2-4mm are placed in a disc granulator, water is sprayed for prewetting, and 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials are scattered to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying aqueous solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the aqueous solution is sprayed to ensure that the surface of the lightweight aggregate is slightly soaked by water, and the water-cement ratio is preferably controlled to be 0.15-0.25);
4) The lightweight aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again for secondary granulation and planing treatment (parameters of the film coating machine: the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate;
5) According to the mass parts, 20 parts of ordinary cement and 80 parts of fly ash are uniformly mixed, ground and sieved by a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
6) Adding 3 parts of the raw material of the hydrophobic layer into a film coating machine according to the mass parts, and spraying an organic silicon waterproof agent solution with the mass fraction of 10% (the parameters of the film coating machine are as follows: diameter of 60cm, rotation speed of 25rpm, angle of 45 degrees and planing time of 5 min) to prepare the multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
7) And curing the baking-free lightweight aggregate at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for later use.
The performance of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate is as follows: bulk density 1150kg/m 3 Cylinder compressive strength 4.1MPa water absorption: 4.5%, porosity 35.8%, porosity 41%, average pore diameter 350nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Comparative example 2
The cementing material adopts 42.5 ordinary portland cement.
The preparation steps of the baking-free lightweight aggregate are as follows:
1) Counting 10 parts of ordinary cement and 90 parts of fly ash according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing, grinding and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
2) And (3) uniformly mixing 10 parts of the mixed powder and 4 parts of 1-3mm expanded perlite according to the volume parts to prepare a shell layer raw material.
3) Taking 0.5L 2-4mm EPS particles according to volume fraction, placing the EPS particles in a disc granulator, spraying water for prewetting, and scattering 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying aqueous solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the aqueous solution is sprayed to ensure that the surface of the lightweight aggregate is slightly soaked by water, and the water-cement ratio is preferably controlled to be 0.15-0.25);
4) The lightweight aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again for secondary granulation and polishing treatment (parameters of the film coating machine: the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate;
5) According to the mass portion, 10 portions of ordinary cement and 90 portions of fly ash are evenly mixed, ground and sieved by a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
6) Adding 3 parts of the hydrophobic layer raw material into a film coating machine according to the mass parts, and spraying an organic silicon waterproof agent solution with the mass fraction of 10% (the parameters of the film coating machine are as follows: diameter of 60cm, rotation speed of 25rpm, angle of 45 degrees and planing time of 5 min) to prepare the multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
7) The baking-free lightweight aggregate is maintained at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for standby.
The performance of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate is as follows: bulk density 1140kg/m 3 Barrel pressure intensity of 3.2Mpa Water absorption: 5.6 percent, the porosity is 36.8 percent, the porosity is 42 percent, the average pore diameter is 358nm 2 O＜1％。
Comparative example 3
The cementing material adopts 42.5 ordinary portland cement.
The preparation steps of the baking-free lightweight aggregate are as follows:
1) Counting according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of portland cement, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag, 30 parts of red mud and 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and sieving the mixture with a 150-mesh sieve;
2) According to the volume portion, 10 portions of the mixed powder and 4 portions of 1-3mm expanded perlite are evenly mixed to prepare the shell layer raw material.
3) Taking 0.5L EPS particles with the particle size of 6-8mm according to the volume fraction, placing the EPS particles into a disc granulator, spraying water for prewetting, and scattering 1-3 parts of the shell layer raw materials to prepare a baking-free light aggregate blank; spraying aqueous solution for primary granulation (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 3min, the aqueous solution is sprayed to ensure that the surface of the lightweight aggregate is slightly soaked by water, and the water-cement ratio is preferably controlled to be 0.15-0.25);
4) The lightweight aggregate blank is moved into a film coating machine again for secondary granulation and planing treatment (parameters of the film coating machine: the diameter is 60cm, the rotating speed is 25rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, and the planing time is 5 min), so as to prepare the light high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate;
5) Uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of ordinary portland cement, 20 parts of granular blast furnace slag and 60 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to parts by weight, and sieving the mixture with a 150-mesh sieve; and preparing a hydrophobic layer raw material.
6) Adding 3 parts of the hydrophobic layer raw material into a film coating machine according to the mass parts, and spraying an organic silicon waterproof agent solution with the mass fraction of 10% (the parameters of the film coating machine are as follows: diameter of 60cm, rotation speed of 25rpm, angle of 45 degrees and planing time of 5 min) to prepare the multi-shell baking-free lightweight aggregate product.
7) And curing the baking-free lightweight aggregate at normal temperature and normal pressure for 28 days for later use.
The performance of the prepared baking-free lightweight aggregate is as follows: bulk density 1180kg/m 3 The barrel pressure strength: 5.8MPa, water absorption of 4.3%, porosity of 40.5%, porosity of 38.5%, average pore diameter of 320nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 2 is that: the process for producing a non-fired lightweight aggregate was the same as in example 2 except that red mud was omitted.
The prepared red mud-based ceramsite has the following properties: bulk density 920kg/m 3 The barrel pressure strength: 6.0MPa, water absorption of 2.2%, porosity of 30.5%, porosity of 38%, average pore diameter of 280nm, na 2 O＜1％。
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 2 is that: the procedure for producing a non-fired lightweight aggregate was the same as in example 2 except that desulfurized gypsum was omitted.
The prepared red mud-based ceramsite has the following properties: bulk density 1000kg/m 3 And the barrel pressure strength: 5.6MPa, water absorption of 4.8%, porosity of 35.3%, porosity of 41%, average pore diameter of 320nm, na 2 O＜1％。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a light core layer: selecting polyphenyl particles as a light core layer raw material;
preparing raw materials of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer: mixing and grinding the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio of 5-30;
preparing baking-free lightweight aggregate:
placing 0.5-1 part of the light nuclear layer raw material in a disc granulator for pre-wetting treatment, scattering 1-3 parts of the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material into the disc granulator, continuously spraying water into the mixture, and carrying out primary granulation to obtain a blank;
and (3) transferring the blank into a film coating machine, adding 7-10 parts of alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, performing secondary granulation, and curing to obtain the finished product.
2. The preparation method of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the polyphenyl granules comprise three particle size ranges of 2-4mm,4-6mm and 6-8mm.
3. The method for preparing the alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after granulation is finished, putting the raw material of the hydrophobic layer into a film coating machine, and spraying an organic silicon waterproof agent solution for coating treatment to prepare a multi-shell layer baking-free lightweight aggregate product;
in the hydrophobic layer raw material, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5-30.
4. The preparation method of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the raw material of the hydrophobic layer, the mass ratio of the sulphoaluminate gelled material to the granular blast furnace slag to the desulfurized gypsum is 10-30;
preferably, in the hydrophobic layer raw material, the mass ratio of the sulphoaluminate cementing material to the granular blast furnace slag to the desulfurized gypsum is 10-20;
preferably, in the organosilicon solution, the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to water is 1-20; more preferably, in the organosilicon solution, the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to water is 5-20; preferably: the mass ratio of the organosilicon waterproofing agent to the water is 7-15.
5. The method for preparing the alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum are 10-30.
6. The preparation method of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the alkali-sulfur excitation layer raw material, the sulphoaluminate cementing material, the granular blast furnace slag, the red mud and the desulfurized gypsum are in a mass ratio of 10-30.
7. The preparation method of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sulphoaluminate cementing material is prepared by uniformly mixing 10-15 parts of iron tailing sand, 20-35 parts of carbide slag, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 20-30 parts of aluminum slag and calcining.
8. The preparation method of the alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate according to claim 7, characterized in that: the calcining temperature is 1220-1240 ℃, and the calcining time is 2-4h.
9. An alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell-layer high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate is characterized in that: prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the alkali-sulfur double-excited multi-shell high-strength unfired lightweight aggregate of claim 9 in lightweight aggregate concrete.
CN202210886682.5A 2022-07-26 2022-07-26 Alkali-sulfur double-excitation multi-shell-layer high-strength baking-free lightweight aggregate and preparation method and application thereof Active CN115140959B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103496866A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-08 东南大学 Preparation method of novel core-shell type cement-based high-strength lightweight aggregate
JP2017065971A (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 株式会社タイガーマシン製作所 Method for producing lightweight aggregate
CN110526609A (en) * 2019-08-31 2019-12-03 武汉理工大学 A kind of hud typed sulphoaluminate cement base high-strength light aggregate and preparation method thereof
CN112194400A (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-01-08 深圳大学 Core-shell structure lightweight aggregate prepared by cold bonding method and preparation method thereof
CN112851273A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 山东大学 Iron tailing sand-based energy-saving heat-insulating lightweight concrete and preparation method and application thereof
CN113121185A (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-07-16 广东清大同科环保技术有限公司 Lightweight aggregate for lightweight gypsum mortar

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103496866A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-08 东南大学 Preparation method of novel core-shell type cement-based high-strength lightweight aggregate
JP2017065971A (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 株式会社タイガーマシン製作所 Method for producing lightweight aggregate
CN110526609A (en) * 2019-08-31 2019-12-03 武汉理工大学 A kind of hud typed sulphoaluminate cement base high-strength light aggregate and preparation method thereof
CN113121185A (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-07-16 广东清大同科环保技术有限公司 Lightweight aggregate for lightweight gypsum mortar
CN112194400A (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-01-08 深圳大学 Core-shell structure lightweight aggregate prepared by cold bonding method and preparation method thereof
CN112851273A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 山东大学 Iron tailing sand-based energy-saving heat-insulating lightweight concrete and preparation method and application thereof

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