CN115138186A - Hydrogen separation device with spiral structure membrane module - Google Patents
Hydrogen separation device with spiral structure membrane module Download PDFInfo
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- CN115138186A CN115138186A CN202210761984.XA CN202210761984A CN115138186A CN 115138186 A CN115138186 A CN 115138186A CN 202210761984 A CN202210761984 A CN 202210761984A CN 115138186 A CN115138186 A CN 115138186A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
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- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/048—Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen separation and purification device, which comprises: the hydrogen separation membrane comprises a separation container, a hydrogen separation membrane component, a porous support plate and a sealing pressure plate; wherein: porous supporting plates are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the separation container; the sealing pressure plate is arranged above the porous support plate close to the upper end; the hydrogen separation membrane component is arranged between the sealing pressure plate and the porous support plate close to the lower end, and the top of the hydrogen separation membrane component is inserted into the sealing pressure plate and is connected with the auxiliary hydrogen outlet on the sealing pressure plate; a gas inlet is arranged at the lower end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the lower end, an impurity gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the upper end, and a hydrogen outlet is arranged at the central part of the top end of the separation container and above the sealing pressure plate. Compared with the prior art, the invention obviously improves the hydrogen separation efficiency and increases the bearing strength and stability of the device; the design of the separation membrane assembly facilitates the disassembly, maintenance and replacement, and ensures the flexibility and reliability of hydrogen separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy, and particularly relates to a hydrogen separation and purification device.
Background
The hydrogen energy is known as the ultimate energy of twenty-first century because of its various sources, cleanness, zero carbon emission and high combustion heat value. With the development of hydrogen fuel cell automobiles, semiconductor industries and other industries, the requirement on the purity of hydrogen is higher and higher. At present, hydrogen mainly comes from water gas shift reaction, steam reforming and the like, and usually contains trace impurity gases, and the impurity gases can cause irreversible damage to electrodes of fuel cells, so that the preparation of high-purity and ultra-pure hydrogen by a hydrogen separation and purification technology has important significance for popularization of fuel cell automobiles.
The existing hydrogen separation and purification technology mainly comprises low-temperature separation, pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation. The low-temperature separation method is also called as a cryogenic separation method, and the obtained hydrogen has low purity, heavy device, high energy consumption for operation and high cost; the pressure swing adsorption method is suitable for large-scale hydrogen separation, but the equipment such as an adsorption tower occupies a large area, is high in cost, and cannot meet the requirement of fuel cells on the purity of hydrogen. The membrane separation technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple equipment, convenient operation, no phase change during separation, good selectivity and the like, and the purity of the hydrogen after membrane separation can reach 99.9999 percent, so that the hydrogen can meet most hydrogen using conditions, thereby being a hydrogen purification method with great prospect and increasingly prominent position in industrial production.
The Chinese patent of invention (publication No. CN 105056715A, publication No. 2015, 11 and 18) discloses a hydrogen separation membrane device, the core component of which is a tubular hydrogen separation alloy membrane, and the device has the characteristics of simple and small structure and low cost. However, the flow path of the gas to be separated in the device is narrow, the effective contact area of the gas and the alloy membrane is low due to the narrow path, and in addition, the inner pipe and the conveying pipe are both gas conveying parts instead of separating parts, the total area of the outer tubular hydrogen separation membrane is not changed, and the design is complicated. Therefore, in the actual operation process, the flow of the gas to be separated is limited, and the gas needs to contact with the separation membrane for separation after passing through the long and narrow flow path, so that the diffusion rate of the hydrogen is influenced, and the separation efficiency of the hydrogen is reduced.
According to the hydrogen separation device with the spiral structure, the whole separation cavity is a gas circulation path, and the design of the spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane greatly increases the contact area of hydrogen and the separation membrane, so that the hydrogen separation efficiency is obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing hydrogen membrane separation device and provides a hydrogen separation device with a membrane component with a spiral structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a hydrogen separation device having a spiral configuration, comprising: the hydrogen separation membrane comprises a separation container, a hydrogen separation membrane component, a porous support plate and a sealing pressure plate; wherein: porous supporting plates are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the separation container; the sealing pressure plate is arranged above the porous support plate close to the upper end; the top of the hydrogen separation membrane component is inserted into the sealing pressure plate and is connected with an auxiliary hydrogen outlet on the sealing pressure plate; a gas inlet is arranged at the lower end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the lower end, an impurity gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the upper end, and a hydrogen outlet is arranged at the central part of the top end of the separation container and above the sealing pressure plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the unique spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane greatly improves the contact area between the gas to be separated and the separation alloy membrane, and obviously improves the hydrogen separation efficiency; the spiral structure increases the contact area between the gas to be separated and the spiral alloy membrane tube, so that the number of the alloy separation membrane tubes can be reduced when the hydrogen separation device is designed, alloy materials are saved, the cost is reduced, and the structure is more miniaturized; the design of the hydrogen separation membrane component ensures that the hydrogen separation membrane component is convenient to disassemble, maintain and replace, the requirements of various separation environments are met, and the flexibility and the reliability of hydrogen separation are ensured.
2. The separation membrane support is designed to play a role in positioning the alloy membrane assembly and serve as a support body, so that the vibration of the spiral tube separation membrane during hydrogen separation can be effectively prevented or inhibited, and the durability of the separation membrane is improved.
3. The design of the buffer zone and the guide plate can enable the separation device to bear larger input gas flow, and the separation efficiency is ensured.
4. The separation area of the separation device is provided with the catalyst, the existence of the catalyst can not only further improve the purification efficiency of the hydrogen, but also enable the water gas to continue to generate the hydrogen or the required impurity gas through reaction at high temperature and high pressure, and different types and quantities of the catalyst can be selected for different types and gas flows of raw material gases.
5. The hydrogen separation membrane device is suitable for separating high-purity hydrogen on a medium-small scale, has the advantages of high hydrogen separation efficiency, flexible structure, good air tightness and the like, has wide application range, and can be used for delivering 'economic nutrition meals' for hydrogen industries such as fuel cell automobiles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen separation apparatus having a membrane module of spiral structure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane separation process.
In the figure: 1. a separation vessel; 11. a separation vessel housing body; 12. separating the vessel header; 13. separating the container bottom lid; 14. a gas inlet; 15. an impurity gas outlet; 16. a hydrogen outlet; 2. a hydrogen separation membrane module; 21. a spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane; 22. an auxiliary hydrogen outlet; 23. a separation membrane holder; 3. a porous support plate; 4. sealing the pressing plate; 5. a baffle; 6. a thermocouple; 7. a pressure gauge; 8. a catalyst; the arrows in the figure indicate the gas flow direction.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen separation apparatus having a membrane module of a spiral structure includes: the device comprises a separation container 1, a hydrogen separation membrane component 2, a porous support plate 3, a sealing pressure plate 4 and a guide plate 5; wherein, the upper end and the lower end of the separation container 1 are respectively provided with a porous support plate 3; the sealing pressure plate 4 is arranged above the porous support plate 3 close to the upper end; the hydrogen separation membrane component 2 is arranged between the sealing pressure plate 4 and the porous support plate 3 close to the lower end, and the top of the hydrogen separation membrane component 2 is inserted into the sealing pressure plate 4 and is connected with the auxiliary hydrogen outlet 22 on the sealing pressure plate; a gas inlet 14 is arranged below the porous support plate 3 at the lower end of the separation container 1 and close to the lower end, an impurity gas outlet 15 is arranged below the porous support plate 3 at the upper end of the separation container 1 and close to the upper end, and a hydrogen outlet 16 is arranged at the central part of the top end of the separation container 1 and above the sealing pressure plate 4.
A separation vessel 1 comprising: a separation container shell body 11, a separation container top cover 12 and a separation container bottom cover 13; the upper end face and the lower end face of the separation container shell body 11 are sealed by the top cover 12 and the bottom cover 13 of the separation container through flange connection; a gas inlet 14 is arranged on one side of the lower end of the separation container shell body 11 and below the porous support plate 3 positioned at the lower end, and the gas inlet 14 is communicated with external raw material gas to be separated; an impurity gas outlet 15 is arranged on the other side of the upper end of the separation container shell body 11 and below the porous support plate 3 positioned on the upper end, and other impurity gases which are not permeated are output from the impurity gas outlet 15; a hydrogen outlet 16 is arranged at the center of the top cover 12 of the separation container, and the hydrogen outlet 16 outputs the separated high-purity hydrogen.
The separation container 1 adopts a square box body or a cylindrical tank body, and the shapes of a top cover 12 and a bottom cover 13 of the separation container correspond to the shape of a shell body 11 of the separation container; the material of the separation container 1 is preferably 304 stainless steel material; the structure is preferably a double-layer structure with a certain wall thickness; the inner diameter of the separation vessel 1 is sized depending on the number of hydrogen separation membrane modules 2.
The porous support plates 3 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end in the shell body 11 of the separation container, and are sealed by adopting high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber rings, and the porous support plates 3 close to the lower end are positioned above the gas feeding port 14 and are 15-25 mm away from the gas feeding port 14; the porous supporting plate 3 close to the upper end is positioned above the impurity gas outlet 15 and is 15-25 mm away from the impurity gas outlet 15; the area between the upper porous support plate 3 and the lower porous support plate 3 is a separation area of the hydrogen separation device, and a catalyst 8 is filled in the separation area; the sealing pressure plate 4 is arranged above the porous support plate 3 close to the upper end in the separation container shell body 11, and a gap is reserved between the sealing pressure plate and the porous support plate 3; the sealing pressure plate 4 is provided with an auxiliary hydrogen outlet 22.
And a buffer area is arranged between the sealing pressure plate 4 and the hydrogen outlet 16 at the top, the height of the buffer area is 20-50 mm, and the high-purity hydrogen separated by all the hydrogen separation membrane components 2 is output from the corresponding auxiliary hydrogen outlets 22, collected in the buffer area and finally output from the hydrogen outlet 16.
The porous support plate 3 can adopt a square or round structure, is selected correspondingly according to the shape of the separation container 1, has the size equivalent to the inner diameter of the shell body 11 of the separation container, has the thickness of 8-24 mm, and is made of a temperature-resistant high polymer material, so that gas can freely pass through the porous support plate 3, but the catalyst 8 cannot pass through the porous support plate; the sealing platen 4 is preferably 304 stainless steel or hastelloy, which is impermeable to gases.
The hydrogen separation membrane components 2 are arranged between the sealing pressure plate 4 and the porous support plate 3 close to the lower end, the number of the hydrogen separation membrane components 2 can be set according to the actual use condition, and the hydrogen separation membrane components 2 comprise a spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane 21, an auxiliary hydrogen outlet 22 and a separation membrane support 23; the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 and the separation membrane support 23 for fixing the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 are disposed between the porous support plates 3 at the upper and lower ends, the two ends of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 are fixed by the separation membrane support 23, the number of the separation membrane supports 23 in each hydrogen separation membrane module 2 is twice that of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21, wherein the number and the positions of the separation membrane supports 23 on the bottom surface of the upper porous support plate 3 and the separation membrane supports 23 on the top surface of the lower porous support plate 3 are in one-to-one correspondence.
The bottom of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 is a closed end, the top of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane is an open hole and is a permeation end, the outside of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane is a contact part of hydrogen in feed gas and the separation membrane, and the inside of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane is a gas passage of high-purity hydrogen after permeation; the permeation end at the top of the spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane 21 is inserted into the sealing pressure plate 4 and is connected with the auxiliary hydrogen outlet 22 on the sealing pressure plate 4, and the joint is sealed by adopting a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber ring. Under the action of certain temperature and pressure, hydrogen molecules in the raw material gas are adsorbed on the outer surface of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 after entering a separation area, then are dissociated into hydrogen atoms by a membrane material, permeate through the alloy membrane under the action of pressure difference and are recombined into hydrogen molecules on the inner surface of the separation membrane, and the hydrogen molecules are collected from the auxiliary hydrogen outlet 22 to the hydrogen outlet 16 through an internal gas passage of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 and output; the other impurity gases are adsorbed but cannot be dissociated into atoms and cannot permeate, and are discharged from the impurity gas outlet 15. The unique spiral structural design of the spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane 21 greatly increases the contact area of hydrogen and the separation membrane, and simultaneously can effectively disperse the impact of raw material airflow and increase the stability of the separation process.
The spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 is made of a compact alloy membrane material, specifically, a palladium-based alloy and a niobium-based alloy can be selected, preferably, the components are Pd-15% Ag, pd-15% Cu or Nb-based alloy with Pd plated on both sides, and other alloy elements including Fe, co, ni, ti, hf, al, mn and the like can be added into the alloy in order to improve the hydrogen embrittlement resistance or hydrogen permeability of the alloy membrane; the spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane 21 adopts a uniquely designed spiral pipe structure, and the wall thickness of a spiral pipe is 5-10 mu m; the inner diameter of the spiral pipe is 12 mm-80 mm; the diameter of the spiral pipe is 100-400 mm; the length of the spiral pipe is 500-1600 mm; the pitch is 30-100 mm, and the number of turns is 8-18; in order to ensure the separation effect and simultaneously make full use of the internal space of the separation container 1, the distance between the central axes of the adjacent spiral tube type hydrogen separation membranes 21 is slightly larger than the diameter of the spiral tube. The material of the separation membrane support 23 can be 304 stainless steel or a temperature-resistant high polymer material, the joints of the separation membrane support 23, the porous support plate 3 and the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 are sealed by high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber rings, and the preferable sealing structure is an O-shaped structure.
The guide plate 5 is arranged below the porous support plate 3 close to the lower end of the separation container shell body 11, and raw material airflow input from the raw material gas inlet 14 is divided by the guide plate 5, stabilized in pressure and then enters the separation area; a buffer zone is arranged between the guide plate 5 and the bottom end of the separation container 1, the height of the buffer zone is 30-70 mm, and the matching of the buffer zone and the guide plate 5 can ensure that the hydrogen separation device can bear larger raw material gas flow and simultaneously ensure the hydrogen separation efficiency. The material of the guide plate 5 is high temperature resistant polymer material, and the guide plate is sealed by welding or a sealing rubber ring.
A thermocouple 6, a pressure gauge 7 and a catalyst 8 are arranged in the hydrogen separation device; the thermocouple 6 is arranged on one side of the bottom cover 13 of the separation container, the thermocouple 6 is made of high-temperature wear-resistant alloy, the use temperature is 0-1200 ℃, and the structure form is an assembly type thermocouple; the pressure gauge 7 is arranged on one side of the upper end of the separation container shell body 11, and is preferably arranged on the same side with the gas feeding port 14; the instrument hole is sealed by a sealing material, preferably a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber ring.
The catalyst 8 is filled in the separation zone of the separation vessel 1, the type and amount of which can be determined according to the raw material gas composition and flow rate, and is preferably Fe-Cu catalyst, fe-Al-Cu catalyst; the presence of the catalyst 8 does not hinder gas diffusion, but instead promotes permeation of hydrogen gas or allows the feed gas to react to further produce hydrogen gas or recoverable impurity gases.
The hydrogen separation device with the spiral-structure membrane assembly is arranged in a thermostat, and can realize the automatic heat preservation and temperature control functions, and the required temperature during separation is 300-500 ℃, preferably 400 ℃.
Based on above-mentioned hydrogen separation membrane device, the hydrogen separation efficiency can be improved greatly to the unique design of spiral pipe formula hydrogen separation membrane subassembly, saves membrane alloy material simultaneously, reduces the structure size, and the hydrogen separation under the different hydrogen conditions of cooperation modularization design realization.
The technical process of the hydrogen separation device is as follows:
the gas inlet 14 is connected to a source of raw gas to be purified, such as water gas (H) 2 、CO、CH 4 、H 2 O), the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas is not particularly limited, and is 75 to 99%; the hydrogen outlet 16 is connected with a hydrogen output pipe, 99.9999 percent of high-purity hydrogen is output after separation, and the hydrogen can be directly used after pressure reduction; the impurity gas outlet 15 is connected with an impurity gas output pipe to obtain the product containing CO and CO 2 、CH 4 The impurity gases with equal components can be further recovered after depressurizationThe corresponding gas is supplied to the fuel pipe network.
The gas source to be purified is pressurized to 0.1-3 MPa and then enters a buffer zone of a separation container, the gas is stabilized by a guide plate 5 and then passes through a porous support membrane to enter a separation zone, hydrogen molecules in the water gas are continuously adsorbed on a spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane 21 in a high-temperature environment, and in addition, the water gas reacts under the action of a catalyst 8 to continuously generate hydrogen; the hydrogen molecules are dissociated into hydrogen atoms by the hydrogen separation membrane, and permeate through the hydrogen separation membrane under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the pipe and the high temperature, and are output from the hydrogen outlet 16. During this process the pressure gauge 7 and thermocouple 6 continuously monitor the pressure and temperature in the vessel.
The rest gas which is not permeable continuously gathers to the impurity gas outlet 15 under the action of the gas flow and then is output, and the part of impurity gas contains more CO and CO 2 、CH 4 And the like, and can be further recycled after subsequent treatment.
The hydrogen purification device can also realize modularized multi-component purification in a parallel mode by increasing the number of hydrogen separation alloy membrane components, and the number of the parallel main body purification devices can be determined according to the hydrogen demand. When a plurality of main body purification devices are connected in parallel, the gas inlet 14, the impurity gas outlet 15 and the hydrogen outlet 16 can be shared.
The hydrogen separation membrane device is suitable for separating high-purity hydrogen in small and medium scales, has the advantages of high hydrogen separation efficiency, flexible structure, good air tightness, good reliability and the like, has wide application range, and can be used for delivering 'economic nutrition meals' for hydrogen industries such as fuel cell automobiles.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen separation apparatus having a membrane module of a spiral structure, comprising: the hydrogen separation membrane comprises a separation container, a hydrogen separation membrane component, a porous support plate and a sealing pressure plate; the method is characterized in that: porous supporting plates are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the separation container; the sealing pressure plate is arranged above the porous support plate close to the upper end; the top of the hydrogen separation membrane component is inserted into the sealing pressure plate and is connected with an auxiliary hydrogen outlet on the sealing pressure plate; a gas inlet is arranged at the lower end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the lower end, an impurity gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the separation container and below the porous support plate close to the upper end, and a hydrogen outlet is arranged at the central part of the top end of the separation container and above the sealing pressure plate.
2. The hydrogen separation device having a membrane module of spiral structure according to claim 1, wherein the separation vessel comprises: a separation container shell body, a separation container top cover and a separation container bottom cover; the top cover of the separation container and the bottom cover of the separation container are connected through flanges to seal the upper end face and the lower end face of the shell body of the separation container; a gas feeding port is arranged on one side of the lower end of the shell body of the separation container and below the porous supporting plate positioned at the lower end, and the gas feeding port is communicated with external raw material gas to be separated; an impurity gas outlet is arranged on the other side of the upper end of the separation container shell body and below the porous support plate positioned on the upper end, and other impurity gases which are not permeated are output from the impurity gas outlet; the center of the top cover of the separation container is provided with a hydrogen outlet which outputs the separated high-purity hydrogen.
3. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral membrane module according to claim 2, wherein the separation vessel is a square box or a cylindrical tank, and the top cover and the bottom cover of the separation vessel are shaped to correspond to the outer shell body of the separation vessel.
4. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral membrane module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the porous support plates are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends in the separation vessel housing body and sealed by high temperature resistant sealing rubber rings, and the porous support plate near the lower end is located above the gas inlet at a distance of 15-25 mm from the gas inlet; the porous support plate close to the upper end is positioned above the impurity gas outlet and is 15-25 mm away from the impurity gas outlet; the area between the upper porous support plate and the lower porous support plate is a separation area of the hydrogen separation device, and the separation area is filled with a catalyst; the sealing pressure plate is arranged above the porous support plate close to the upper end in the separation container shell body, and a gap is reserved between the sealing pressure plate and the porous support plate; an auxiliary hydrogen outlet is arranged on the sealing pressure plate.
5. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral-structure membrane module as claimed in claim 4, wherein a buffer zone is arranged between the sealing pressure plate and the hydrogen outlet at the top, and the height of the buffer zone is 20-50 mm.
6. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral membrane module as claimed in claim 5, wherein the porous support plate structure can be a square or circular structure, and is selected according to the shape of the separation vessel, the size of the porous support plate structure is equal to the inner diameter of the shell body of the separation vessel, the thickness of the porous support plate structure is 8-24 mm, the porous support plate structure is made of a temperature-resistant polymer material, and the sealing pressure plate is preferably 304 stainless steel or corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloy.
7. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral-structured membrane module as claimed in claim 6, wherein the hydrogen separation membrane module is arranged between the sealing pressure plate and the porous support plate near the lower end, the number of the hydrogen separation membrane modules can be set according to actual use conditions, and the hydrogen separation membrane module comprises a spiral-tube-type hydrogen separation membrane, an auxiliary hydrogen outlet and a separation membrane support; the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane and the separation membrane support used for fixing the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane are arranged between the porous support plates at the upper end and the lower end, the two ends of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane are fixed by the separation membrane support, the number of the separation membrane supports in each hydrogen separation membrane component is twice that of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane, and the number and the positions of the separation membrane supports on the bottom surface of the upper porous support plate and the separation membrane supports on the top surface of the lower porous support plate correspond to each other one by one.
8. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral-structure membrane module according to claim 7, wherein the spiral-tube-type hydrogen separation membrane has a closed end at the bottom and a permeable end at the top, the outer part of the spiral-tube-type hydrogen separation membrane is a contact part of hydrogen in feed gas and the separation membrane, and the inner part of the spiral-tube-type hydrogen separation membrane is a gas passage of high-purity hydrogen after permeation; the permeation end at the top of the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane is inserted into the sealing pressure plate and is connected with an auxiliary hydrogen outlet on the sealing pressure plate, and the joint is sealed by adopting a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber ring.
9. The hydrogen separation device having a membrane module of spiral structure according to claim 8, wherein the spiral-tube-type hydrogen separation membrane material is selected from a dense alloy membrane material, specifically, palladium-based alloy and niobium-based alloy, preferably as a composition of Pd-15% Ag, pd-15% Cu or Nb-based alloy, both sides of which are plated with Pd; the spiral pipe type hydrogen separation membrane adopts a uniquely designed spiral pipe structure, and the wall thickness of a spiral pipe is 5-10 mu m; the inner diameter of the spiral pipe is 12 mm-80 mm; the diameter of the spiral pipe is 100-400 mm; the length of the spiral pipe is 500-1600 mm; the pitch is 30-100 mm, and the number of turns is 8-18; the separation membrane support can be made of 304 stainless steel or a temperature-resistant high polymer material, the joints of the separation membrane support, the porous support plate and the spiral tube type hydrogen separation membrane are sealed by high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber rings, and the preferable sealing structure is an O-shaped structure.
10. The hydrogen separation device with the spiral membrane module as claimed in claim 9, wherein the baffle plate is disposed below the porous support plate near the lower end of the separation vessel housing body, and the raw gas flow inputted from the raw gas inlet is divided by the baffle plate and stabilized in pressure and then enters the separation zone; a buffer zone is arranged between the guide plate and the bottom end of the separation container, the height of the buffer zone is 30-70 mm, the guide plate 5 is made of high-temperature-resistant polymer materials and is sealed by welding or a sealing rubber ring;
a thermocouple, a pressure gauge and a catalyst are arranged in the hydrogen separation device; the thermocouple is arranged on one side of the bottom cover of the separation container, is made of high-temperature wear-resistant alloy, and has the use temperature of 0-1200 ℃, and the structural form of the thermocouple is an assembly type thermocouple; the pressure gauge is arranged on one side of the upper end of the shell body of the separation container, and is preferably arranged on the same side with the gas feed inlet; sealing the instrument hole by using a sealing material, preferably a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber ring;
the material of the separation container is preferably stainless steel material; the structure is preferably a double-layer structure with a certain wall thickness; the inner diameter of the separation vessel is determined depending on the number of hydrogen separation membrane modules.
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