CN115121189A - Esterification device for synthesizing nonionic surfactant and use method thereof - Google Patents
Esterification device for synthesizing nonionic surfactant and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115121189A CN115121189A CN202211009223.5A CN202211009223A CN115121189A CN 115121189 A CN115121189 A CN 115121189A CN 202211009223 A CN202211009223 A CN 202211009223A CN 115121189 A CN115121189 A CN 115121189A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of surfactant production, in particular to an esterification device for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant and a using method thereof, wherein the esterification device comprises an esterification kettle, a metering kettle and a conveying pipe, wherein one end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the interior of the metering kettle; the device comprises a motor arranged at the top of the esterification kettle, and a rotating shaft, wherein the top end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; the other end of the conveying pipe is in contact connection with the bottom end face of the rotating shaft; one end of the rotating plate is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rotating shaft, an inner cavity is arranged in the rotating plate and is communicated with the conveying cavity through a connecting hole formed in the side surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of communicating holes penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of the rotating plate are formed in the rotating plate, and the communicating holes penetrate through the inner cavity; an opening and closing part for opening or closing the communication hole; a plurality of backup pads, the upper surface of backup pad is equipped with the hold up tank for methanol can be quick diffuses in the mixed liquid, has improved reaction rate through this device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surfactant production, in particular to an esterification device for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant and a using method thereof.
Background
The fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate is a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant, and is added with ethylene oxide under the action of a catalyst, so that the ester group is more stable, and particularly, the acid resistance and alkali resistance of the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate are greatly improved, and therefore, the application range of the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate is wider and wider. The method comprises the following steps of adding a catalyst into a liquid containing fatty acid and methanol, wherein the fatty acid and methanol are subjected to esterification reaction at high temperature and high pressure, and the esterification reaction is carried out in an esterification kettle.
Under application number CN202220093740.4, the patent name is in a patent of cauldron of esterifying for producing methyl benzoate, including the cauldron body of esterifying, cauldron body top fixed mounting has the motor, the motor rotates and is connected with the output shaft, output shaft from the top down fixed mounting in proper order has elliptical cam, circular turntable, stirring subassembly, cauldron body inner wall one side from the top down fixed mounting in proper order has ester powder storage tank, guide device, annular slab, and the device can prevent that the ester powder from floating on the liquid surface, avoids the ester powder to pile up the influence esterification reaction, but does not solve above-mentioned technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an esterification apparatus for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant and a method for using the same, so as to solve the problem that after methanol is introduced into a liquid of fatty acid and a catalyst in an esterification kettle, the contact area between the methanol and the liquid in the esterification kettle is small, so that the time for the methanol to completely diffuse in the liquid is increased, and the rate of an esterification reaction is reduced.
Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an esterification apparatus for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant, comprising an esterification kettle, a metering kettle, and a conveying pipe, wherein one end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the interior of the metering kettle, the esterification apparatus further comprises:
the device comprises a motor arranged at the top of the esterification kettle and a rotating shaft, wherein the top end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor, the rotating shaft is positioned in the esterification kettle, a conveying cavity is arranged in the rotating shaft, and the conveying cavity penetrates through the bottom end surface of the rotating shaft; the other end of the conveying pipe is in contact connection with the bottom end face of the rotating shaft, so that the conveying pipe is communicated with the conveying cavity;
one end of each rotating plate is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rotating shaft, an inner cavity is formed in each rotating plate, each inner cavity is communicated with the corresponding conveying cavity through a connecting hole formed in the side surface of the rotating shaft, each rotating plate is provided with a plurality of communicating holes penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of the rotating plate, and each communicating hole penetrates through each inner cavity;
an opening and closing part for opening or closing the communication hole;
the upper surfaces of the supporting plates are provided with storage tanks, the middle parts of the storage tanks are provided with stand columns, the stand columns are provided with through holes penetrating through the upper end surfaces and the lower end surfaces of the stand columns, the rotating shafts penetrate through the through holes, and the bottoms of the storage tanks are provided with discharge ports;
the electromagnetic valve is arranged in the discharge port;
the fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate, and one end of the fixing plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the esterification kettle;
at least two rotating plates are distributed in the storage tank.
Further, at least two rotating plates with a part located in the storage tank are distributed on the periphery of the rotating shaft in an annular array, and the opening and closing part comprises:
the connecting rod is arranged above the rotating plate, and the extending plates are fixed at one ends of the side surfaces of the connecting rod and are in sliding connection with the jacks arranged on the upper surfaces of the rotating plates, and the thickness of each extending plate is equal to the distance between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the inner cavity;
the extension plate is provided with conveying holes penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of the extension plate, and the conveying holes correspond to the communication holes one to one; the extension plate is provided with surface holes penetrating through the left side surface and the right side surface of the extension plate, the surface holes correspond to the conveying holes, and the surface holes penetrate through the corresponding conveying holes;
and the lifting component is used for enabling the connecting rod to do lifting motion.
Further, the esterification apparatus further comprises a driving part, and the lifting assembly comprises:
the linkage column is arranged on the periphery of the supporting plate, the fixing plate is provided with a stabilizing hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the fixing plate, and the linkage column is connected with the stabilizing hole in a sliding manner;
the outer side surface of the circular ring plate is fixedly connected with the side surface of the linkage column, and the inner side of the circular ring plate is slidably connected with an open slot arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod;
the driving part is used for driving the linkage column to do lifting motion.
Further, the driving part includes:
the lower end surface of the driving ring is fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting rod positioned at the uppermost part;
the top blocks are fixed on the upper side surface in the esterification kettle, the top blocks are provided with side holes penetrating through the left side surface and the right side surface of the esterification kettle, bottom grooves communicated with the side holes are arranged below the side holes, and the bottom grooves penetrate through the side surfaces of the top blocks and face the driving ring;
the push rod is connected with the side hole in a sliding mode, penetrates through the side hole and comprises a front end part and a rear end part, the front end part is in a semi-spherical shape, and the front end part faces the rotating shaft;
the first spring is sleeved on the push rod, one end of the first spring is fixed on the side surface of the rear end part, and the other end of the first spring is fixed on the side surface of the top block facing the rear end part;
the linkage block is fixed on the side surface of the push rod and is in sliding connection with the bottom groove, a first thread is arranged on the outer side surface of the driving ring, a second thread is arranged on the side surface, facing the driving ring, of the linkage block, and the first thread is matched with the second thread;
when the front end part and the driving ring are not contacted with each other, the first thread is meshed with the second thread due to the elastic force of the first spring;
the lower end face of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting rod positioned at the uppermost part, the driving ring is positioned in the inner circle of the connecting ring, and the inner side face of the connecting ring is provided with a limiting groove;
the linkage rod is positioned below the rear end part, and the side surface of the linkage rod is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rear end part;
the top end of the bottom rod is in sliding connection with a side surface groove arranged on the side surface of the linkage rod;
the driving assembly is used for driving the bottom rod to slide along the side groove;
the limiting block is fixed on the side face of the bottom rod and is close to the bottom end of the bottom rod, and when the limiting block moves to be opposite to the limiting groove, the driving assembly enables the limiting block to enter the limiting groove.
Furthermore, the driving assembly comprises a first electromagnet arranged in the bottom rod and a second electromagnet fixed in the top block, and the first electromagnet is opposite to the second electromagnet.
Furthermore, the driving assembly further comprises a second spring arranged in the side groove, one end of the second spring is fixed at one end of the side groove, and the other end of the second spring is fixed at the side, close to the top end, of the bottom rod.
Furthermore, the driving part also comprises a third electromagnet arranged in the linkage block, and the third electromagnet is just opposite to the second electromagnet.
Further, the esterification apparatus further comprises:
the device comprises a condenser, a feeding pipe, a discharging pipe and a recovery tank, wherein one end of the feeding pipe is connected with an inlet of the condenser, one end of the discharging pipe is connected with an outlet of the condenser, the other end of the discharging pipe is communicated with the interior of the recovery tank, and the other end of the feeding pipe is sealed;
one end of each guide pipe is connected with the side surface of the feeding pipe, the guide pipes are communicated with the interior of the feeding pipe, and the guide pipes correspond to the jacking blocks one to one; the guide pipe penetrates through the top end face of the esterification kettle and extends into the esterification kettle;
the bottom of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the side surface of the bottom rod, and the fixed rod is provided with a side sliding groove facing the side surface of the guide tube;
the sealing plate is provided with a guide hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the sealing plate, and the upper surface of the sealing plate is in contact connection with the bottom end surface of the corresponding guide tube;
the third spring is positioned in the side sliding groove, one end of the third spring is fixed at the bottom of the side sliding groove, and the other end of the third spring is fixed on the lower surface of the sealing plate;
when the limiting block is positioned in the limiting groove, the sealing plate seals the bottom of the guide tube; when the limiting block is separated from the limiting groove, the guide pipe is communicated with the interior of the esterification kettle through the guide hole.
Furthermore, the upper side surface of the limiting groove gradually inclines upwards from the inner side surface of the connecting ring to the outer side surface of the connecting ring, and the inclination direction of the upper surface of the limiting block is the same as the inclination direction of the upper side surface of the limiting groove.
The invention also provides a using method of the esterification device for synthesizing the nonionic surfactant, the communication hole is closed by the opening and closing part before the esterification reaction is carried out, the corresponding discharge hole is closed by the electromagnetic valve in the process of adding the fatty acid and the catalyst into the storage tank, after enough fatty acid and catalyst are stored in the storage tank, the heating system in the esterification kettle starts to heat, and meanwhile, enough methanol is added into the metering kettle; after the temperature in the esterification kettle rises to the preset temperature, firstly, high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the metering kettle, and the high-pressure nitrogen is passed through, so that methanol enters the conveying cavity after passing through the conveying pipe and finally enters the inner cavity through the connecting hole, after the pressure in the inner cavity is greater than the pressure in the storage tank, the opening and closing part opens the communicating hole, so that the methanol passes through the communicating hole and enters the storage tank, and interacts with fatty acid and a catalyst in the storage tank, fatty acid methyl ester is generated, at the moment, the motor is started to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating plate rotates, after the chemical reaction in the esterification kettle is finished, the motor stops rotating, the communicating hole is closed through the opening and closing part, the corresponding discharge hole is opened through the electromagnetic valve, and the reacted liquid flows out through the outlet of the esterification kettle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the esterification device for synthesizing the nonionic surfactant and the using method thereof, the mixed liquid of the fatty acid and the catalyst entering the esterification kettle is layered by arranging the plurality of supporting plates, the mixed liquid placed in each storage tank is relatively less, so that the mixed liquid in each storage tank simultaneously reacts when the esterification reaction occurs, the reaction time is shortened, when the methanol enters the mixed liquid through the plurality of communicating holes, the methanol can be diffused at multiple points in the mixed liquid because the communicating holes are in the mixed liquid, and the motor drives the rotating plate to rotate when the methanol is diffused, at the moment, the rotating speed of the rotating plate is relatively slow, so that the methanol can be rapidly diffused in the mixed liquid, and the reaction rate is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of an esterification kettle in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a support plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the top of an esterification kettle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a rotating plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of the invention at the top block;
FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of an attachment ring in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the drive ring in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view of a stopper according to an embodiment of the invention.
Labeled as:
1. an esterification kettle; 2. a recovery tank; 3. a condenser; 4. a feed pipe; 5. a discharge pipe; 6. a guide tube; 7. a rotating shaft; 8. a motor; 9. a support plate; 10. a delivery lumen; 11. a delivery pipe; 12. a storage tank; 13. a rotating plate; 14. an inner cavity; 15. a discharge port; 16. an electromagnetic valve; 17. a through hole; 18. connecting holes; 19. a communicating hole; 20. a surface hole; 21. a delivery orifice; 22. a connecting rod; 23. an extension plate; 24. a jack; 25. a linkage column; 26. a circular ring plate; 27. an open slot; 28. a fixing plate; 29. a stabilization well; 30. a drive ring; 31. a top block; 32. a side hole; 33. a push rod; 34. a connecting ring; 35. a first spring; 36. a linkage rod; 37. a bottom bar; 38. a lateral groove; 39. a second spring; 40. a bottom groove; 41. a linkage block; 42. a third electromagnet; 43. a second electromagnet; 44. a first electromagnet; 45. a limiting block; 46. a limiting groove; 47. a metering kettle; 48. fixing the rod; 49. a side chute; 50. a third spring; 51. a guide hole; 52. and (7) closing the plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments below.
It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. The use of "first," "second," and the like, herein does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
In a first aspect of the present invention, an esterification apparatus for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant and a method for using the same are provided, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, the esterification apparatus includes an esterification tank 1, a metering tank 47, and a transfer pipe 11 having one end communicating with the interior of the metering tank 47, and further includes:
the device comprises a motor 8 arranged at the top of the esterification kettle 1 and a rotating shaft 7, wherein the top end of the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 8, the rotating shaft 7 is positioned in the esterification kettle 1, a conveying cavity 10 is arranged inside the rotating shaft 7, and the conveying cavity 10 penetrates through the bottom end face of the rotating shaft 7; the other end of the conveying pipe 11 is in contact connection with the bottom end face of the rotating shaft 7, so that the conveying pipe 11 is communicated with the conveying cavity 10;
one end of the rotating plate 13 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rotating shaft 7, an inner cavity 14 is arranged inside the rotating plate 13, the inner cavity 14 is communicated with the conveying cavity 10 through a connecting hole 18 arranged on the side surface of the rotating shaft 7, the rotating plate 13 is provided with a plurality of communicating holes 19 penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of the rotating plate, and the communicating holes 19 penetrate through the inner cavity 14;
an opening and closing portion for opening or closing the communication hole 19;
the device comprises a plurality of supporting plates 9, wherein a storage tank 12 is arranged on the upper surface of each supporting plate 9, a stand column is arranged in the middle of each storage tank 12, a through hole 17 penetrating through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each stand column is formed in each stand column, a rotating shaft 7 penetrates through the through holes 17, and a discharge hole 15 is formed in the bottom of each storage tank 12;
an electromagnetic valve 16 installed in the discharge port 15;
a fixing plate 28 arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate 9, wherein one end of the fixing plate 28 is fixed on the inner side wall of the esterification kettle 1;
at least two rotating plates 13 are distributed in the storage tank 12.
In this embodiment, before the esterification reaction, the communication hole 19 is closed by the open/close part, and the corresponding discharge hole 15 is closed by the electromagnetic valve 16 in the process of adding the fatty acid and the catalyst into the storage tank 12, and here, the specific process of adding the fatty acid and the catalyst into the storage tank 12 is as follows, when the mixed liquid of the fatty acid and the catalyst into the esterification tank 1 through the inlet of the esterification tank 1, the electromagnetic valve 16 corresponding to the lowermost storage tank 12 is closed first, and the remaining electromagnetic valves 16 are opened, so that the mixed liquid will pass through the upper discharge hole 15 of the lowermost storage tank 12 and finally enter the lowermost storage tank 12, and when the mixed liquid in the lowermost storage tank 12 is sufficient, the electromagnetic valve 16 corresponding to the penultimate storage tank 12 is closed, so that the mixed liquid will finally fall into the penultimate storage tank 12, when the mixed liquid in the penultimate storage tank 12 is sufficient, the solenoid valve 16 corresponding to the penultimate storage tank 12 is used, and the above steps are repeated, so that the mixed liquid in each storage tank 12 is sufficient. After sufficient fatty acid and catalyst are stored in each storage tank 12, the heating system in the esterification reactor 1 starts to heat, and simultaneously, sufficient methanol is added into the metering reactor 47; when the temperature in the esterification kettle 1 is raised to a preset temperature, firstly, high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the metering kettle 47, the methanol enters the conveying cavity 10 after passing through the conveying pipe 11 by the high-pressure nitrogen, and finally enters the inner cavity 14 through the connecting hole 18, when the pressure in the inner chamber 14 is higher than the pressure in the reserve tank 12, the communicating hole 19 is opened by the opening and closing part, so that the methanol passes through the communication hole 19, enters the storage tank 12, interacts with the fatty acid and the catalyst in the storage tank 12 to generate fatty acid methyl ester, at the moment, the motor 8 is started to drive the rotating shaft 7 to rotate, so that the rotating plate 13 rotates, after the chemical reaction in the esterification reactor 1 is finished, the motor 8 stops rotating and closes the communicating hole 19 through the opening and closing part, and the corresponding discharge port 15 is opened by the electromagnetic valve 16, so that the reacted liquid flows out through the outlet of the esterification reactor 1. The supporting plates 9 are arranged, so that the mixed liquid of the fatty acid and the catalyst entering the esterification kettle 1 is layered, the mixed liquid placed in each storage tank 12 is relatively less, the mixed liquid in each storage tank 12 reacts simultaneously when the esterification reaction occurs, the reaction time is shortened, when the methanol enters the mixed liquid through the communication holes 19, the communication holes 19 are in the mixed liquid, the methanol can diffuse at multiple points in the mixed liquid, and the motor 8 drives the rotating plate 13 to rotate when the methanol diffuses, at this time, the rotating speed of the rotating plate 13 is relatively slow, the methanol can diffuse in the mixed liquid quickly, and the reaction rate is improved.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, and 6, at least two rotating plates 13, at least a part of which is located in the storage tank 12, are distributed on the periphery of the rotating shaft 7 in an annular array, and the opening and closing part includes:
a connecting rod 22 arranged above the rotating plate 13 and a plurality of extension plates 23 with one ends fixed on the side surfaces of the connecting rod 22, wherein the extension plates 23 are in sliding connection with insertion holes 24 arranged on the upper surface of the rotating plate 13, and the thickness of the extension plates 23 is equal to the distance between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the inner cavity 14;
the extension plate 23 is provided with conveying holes 21 penetrating through the front side and the rear side of the extension plate, and the conveying holes 21 correspond to the communicating holes 19 one by one; the extension plate 23 is provided with surface holes 20 penetrating through the left and right side surfaces thereof, the surface holes 20 correspond to the delivery holes 21, and the surface holes 20 penetrate through the corresponding delivery holes 21;
a lifting assembly for lifting the connecting rod 22.
In this embodiment, when the pressure in the chamber 14 is lower than the pressure of the mixed liquid in the storage tank 12 after methanol is pushed into the chamber 14 by nitrogen gas, the extension plate 23 seals the communication hole 19, so that the mixed liquid can be prevented from entering the chamber 14 in a large amount, and if the mixed liquid enters the chamber 14, a part of the reacted liquid cannot be taken out after the reaction. When the pressure in the inner cavity 14 is higher than the pressure of the mixed liquid in the storage tank 12, the lifting assembly makes the connecting rod 22 move upwards, and when the communication hole 19 is opposite to the corresponding delivery hole 21, the methanol will pass through the surface hole 20 and enter the storage tank 12.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the esterification apparatus further includes a driving part, and the lifting assembly includes:
the linkage column 25 is arranged on the periphery of the supporting plate 9, the fixing plate 28 is provided with a stabilizing hole 29 penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the fixing plate, and the linkage column 25 is connected with the stabilizing hole 29 in a sliding manner;
the outer side surface of the circular ring plate 26 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the linkage column 25, and the inner side of the circular ring plate 26 is slidably connected with an open slot 27 arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod 22;
the driving part is used for driving the linkage column 25 to do lifting movement.
Here, when the connecting rod 22 is required to move, the driving part drives the linkage post 25 to move, so that the connecting rod 22 can be driven to move through the annular plate 26, and in addition, due to the arrangement of the annular plate 26, when the rotating shaft 7 rotates, the synchronous rotation of the connecting rod 22 cannot be influenced, and the annular plate 26 can also play a role in stabilizing the connecting rod 22.
As one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, 7, 8, and 9, the driving unit includes:
a drive ring 30, a lower end surface of the drive ring 30 being fixedly connected with a side surface of the uppermost connecting rod 22;
a plurality of top blocks 31 positioned at the periphery of the driving ring 30, wherein the top blocks 31 are fixed on the upper side surface in the esterification kettle 1, the top blocks 31 are provided with side holes 32 penetrating through the left side surface and the right side surface of the top blocks, a bottom groove 40 communicated with the side holes 32 is arranged below the side holes 32, and the bottom groove 40 penetrates through the side surface of the top blocks 31 facing the driving ring 30;
a push rod 33 slidably connected to the side hole 32, the push rod 33 passing through the side hole 32, and the push rod 33 including a front end portion and a rear end portion, the front end portion being semi-spherical and the front end portion facing the rotation shaft 7;
the first spring 35 is sleeved on the push rod 33, one end of the first spring 35 is fixed on the side surface of the rear end part, and the other end of the first spring 35 is fixed on the side surface of the top block 31 facing the rear end part;
the linkage block 41 is fixed on the side surface of the push rod 33, the linkage block 41 is connected with the bottom groove 40 in a sliding mode, the outer side surface of the driving ring 30 is provided with a first thread, the side surface, facing the driving ring 30, of the linkage block 41 is provided with a second thread, and the first thread is matched with the second thread;
when the front end portion and the drive ring 30 are not in contact with each other, the first thread is engaged with the second thread due to the elastic force of the first spring 35;
the lower end surface of the connecting ring 34 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting rod 22 positioned at the uppermost part, the driving ring 30 is positioned in the inner circle of the connecting ring 34, and the inner side surface of the connecting ring 34 is provided with a limiting groove 46;
the linkage rod 36 is positioned below the rear end part, and the side surface of the linkage rod 36 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rear end part;
a bottom bar 37 positioned below the linkage bar 36, wherein the top end of the bottom bar 37 is slidably connected with a side groove 38 arranged on the side surface of the linkage bar 36;
a driving assembly for driving the bottom bar 37 to slide along the lateral groove 38;
be fixed in stopper 45 of bottom bar 37 side, stopper 45 is close to the bottom of bottom bar 37, and when stopper 45 moved to just being directed against spacing groove 46, drive assembly made stopper 45 enter into spacing groove 46.
In this embodiment, when the pressure in the inner cavity 14 is smaller than the pressure of the mixed liquid in the storage tank 12, the extension plate 23 seals the communication hole 19, and the first screw is engaged with the second screw by the elastic force of the first spring 35, when the pressure in the inner cavity 14 is larger than the pressure of the mixed liquid in the storage tank 12, the motor 8 is started to rotate the connecting rod 22, so that the driving ring 30 and the connecting ring 34 are rotated by the uppermost connecting rod 22, so that the driving ring 30 will move upward while rotating due to the engagement of the first screw and the second screw, when the front end of the push rod 33 contacts the outer edge of the upper end face of the driving ring 30, the stopper 45 just can be driven by the driving assembly to enter the stopper groove 46, and at this time, the driving ring 30 continues to move upward, the edge of the upper end face of the driving ring 30 will push the push rod 33, the push rod 33 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 35 and moves towards the direction far away from the driving ring 30, so that the push rod 33 drives the linkage block 41 to move towards the direction far away from the driving ring 30, and finally the first thread and the second thread are separated, in the process, the limit block 45 also continues to move downwards for a certain distance in the limit groove 46, after the first thread and the second thread are separated, the connecting rod 22 moves downwards under the action of gravity, after the limit block 45 contacts with the top end of the limit groove 46, the connecting rod 22 stops moving downwards, at the moment, the communication hole 19 is communicated with the corresponding delivery hole 21, methanol normally enters the storage groove 12, simultaneously, under the elastic force of the first spring 35, the front end part of the push rod 33 contacts with the edge of the upper end surface of the driving ring 30, at the moment, the first thread is just meshed with the second thread, because in the esterification reaction process, the rotation shaft 7 is rotated, so that after the first thread is engaged with the second thread, the push rod 33 is repeatedly pushed by the driving ring 30 to separate the first thread from the second thread, so that the continuous engagement and separation between the first thread and the second thread during the esterification reaction is a dynamic process, and of course, the connecting rod 22 moves up and down within a relatively small distance during the dynamic process, so that the communication hole 19 is communicated with the delivery hole 21. When the esterification reaction is finished, the communication hole 19 needs to be closed, at this time, the limiting block 45 is separated from the limiting groove 46 by the driving component, and after the first thread and the second thread are engaged, the motor 8 rotates reversely, which will make the connecting rod 22 move downwards gradually, and finally make the extending plate 23 seal the communication hole 19.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the driving assembly includes a first electromagnet 44 disposed in the bottom bar 37 and a second electromagnet 43 fixed in the top block 31, the first electromagnet 44 is opposite to the second electromagnet 43, and here, when the first electromagnet 44 and the second electromagnet 43 are both energized to generate a force of mutual attraction, the bottom bar 37 can be moved in a direction of approaching the driving ring 30, and when the first electromagnet 44 and the second electromagnet 43 are both energized to generate a force of mutual repulsion, the bottom bar 37 can be moved in a direction of departing from the driving ring 30.
Here, preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the driving assembly further includes a second spring 39 disposed in the side groove 38, one end of the second spring 39 is fixed to one end of the side groove 38, and the other end of the second spring 39 is fixed to a side surface of the bottom rod 37 near the top end, so that when the bottom rod 37 needs to move toward the driving ring 30, the first electromagnet 44 and the second electromagnet 43 are powered to generate a mutual attraction force, so that the bottom rod 37 can move toward the driving ring 30 against the elastic force of the second spring 39, and when the bottom rod 37 needs to move away from the driving ring 30, the first electromagnet 44 and the second electromagnet 43 only need to be powered off, so as to save power.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the driving unit further includes a third electromagnet 42 provided in the linkage block 41, and the third electromagnet 42 faces the second electromagnet 43.
Here, when it is required to stably engage the first thread and the second thread, the second electromagnet 43 and the third electromagnet 42 generate a force repelling each other, which cooperates with the first spring 35 so that the first thread and the second thread are stably engaged.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 7, the esterification apparatus further includes:
the device comprises a condenser 3, a feeding pipe 4 with one end connected with an inlet of the condenser 3, a discharging pipe 5 with one end connected with an outlet of the condenser 3 and a recovery tank 2, wherein the other end of the discharging pipe 5 is communicated with the interior of the recovery tank 2, and the other end of the feeding pipe 4 is sealed;
one end of each guide pipe 6 is connected with the side surface of the feeding pipe 4, the guide pipes 6 are communicated with the inside of the feeding pipe 4, and the guide pipes 6 correspond to the jacking blocks 31 one by one; the guide pipe 6 penetrates through the top end face of the esterification kettle 1 and extends into the esterification kettle 1;
a fixed rod 48 with the bottom fixedly connected with the side surface of the bottom rod 37, wherein the fixed rod 48 is provided with a side sliding groove 49 facing the side surface of the guide tube 6;
a sealing plate 52 with one end slidably connected with the side sliding groove 49, wherein the sealing plate 52 is provided with a guide hole 51 penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface, and the upper surface of the sealing plate 52 is in contact connection with the bottom end surface of the corresponding guide tube 6;
a third spring 50 positioned in the side sliding groove 49, wherein one end of the third spring 50 is fixed at the bottom of the side sliding groove 49, and the other end of the third spring 50 is fixed at the lower surface of the closing plate 52;
when the limiting block 45 is positioned in the limiting groove 46, the sealing plate 52 seals the bottom of the guide tube 6; when the stopper 45 is disengaged from the stopper groove 46, the guide pipe 6 communicates with the inside of the esterification reaction tank 1 through the guide hole 51.
Considering, in the esterification reaction process, a part of methanol is gasified, and therefore needs to be recovered after the esterification reaction is finished, in this embodiment, in the esterification reaction process, the limit block 45 is located in the limit groove 46, the fixing rod 48 is used to seal the bottom of the guide pipe 6 by the sealing plate 52, at this time, even if the methanol is gasified, the methanol is kept in the esterification kettle 1 to participate in the reaction, after the esterification reaction is finished, the drive assembly will make the limit block 45 separate from the limit groove 46, so as to drive the sealing plate 52 to move towards the drive ring 30, the guide pipe 6 is communicated with the inside of the esterification kettle 1 through the guide hole 51, and the gasified methanol will enter the condenser 3 to be condensed, and finally enters the recovery tank 2. Here, the upper surface of the sealing plate 52 is ensured to be stably in contact with the lower end surface of the guide tube 6 by the elastic force of the third spring 50.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the upper side surface of the limiting groove 46 gradually inclines upward from the inner side surface of the connecting ring 34 to the outer side surface of the connecting ring 34, and the inclination direction of the upper surface of the limiting block 45 is the same as the inclination direction of the upper side surface of the limiting groove 46, so that when the limiting block 45 enters the limiting groove 46, the limiting block 45 can be ensured to be stabilized in the limiting groove 46 during the uninterrupted engaging and disengaging process between the first thread and the second thread.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to those examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An esterification device for synthesis of nonionic surfactant, comprising an esterification kettle (1), a metering kettle (47), and a conveying pipe (11) with one end communicated with the interior of the metering kettle (47), characterized in that the esterification device further comprises:
the esterification reaction kettle comprises a motor (8) arranged at the top of the esterification kettle (1) and a rotating shaft (7) fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor (8) at the top end, wherein the rotating shaft (7) is positioned in the esterification kettle (1), a conveying cavity (10) is arranged inside the rotating shaft (7), and the conveying cavity (10) penetrates through the bottom end face of the rotating shaft (7); the other end of the conveying pipe (11) is in contact connection with the bottom end face of the rotating shaft (7), so that the conveying pipe (11) is communicated with the conveying cavity (10);
the conveying device comprises a plurality of rotating plates (13), wherein one ends of the rotating plates (13) are fixedly connected with the side surface of a rotating shaft (7), inner cavities (14) are formed in the rotating plates (13), the inner cavities (14) are communicated with a conveying cavity (10) through connecting holes (18) formed in the side surface of the rotating shaft (7), a plurality of communicating holes (19) penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of each rotating plate (13) are formed in the rotating plates (13), and the communicating holes (19) penetrate through the inner cavities (14);
an opening/closing portion for opening or closing the communication hole (19);
the rotary shaft type automatic feeding device comprises a plurality of supporting plates (9), wherein a storage tank (12) is arranged on the upper surface of each supporting plate (9), a stand column is arranged in the middle of each storage tank (12), a through hole (17) penetrating through the stand column is formed in the stand column, the rotary shaft (7) penetrates through the through hole (17), and a discharge hole (15) is formed in the bottom of each storage tank (12);
an electromagnetic valve (16) arranged in the discharge hole (15);
the fixing plate (28) is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate (9), and one end of the fixing plate (28) is fixed on the inner side wall of the esterification kettle (1);
at least two rotating plates (13) are uniformly distributed in the storage tank (12).
2. The esterification apparatus for synthesis of nonionic surfactant according to claim 1, wherein at least two rotating plates (13) partially disposed in the storage tank (12) are distributed in an annular array around the rotation shaft (7), and the opening and closing part comprises:
the connecting rod (22) is arranged above the rotating plate (13), and the extending plates (23) are fixed to the side surfaces of the connecting rod (22) at one ends, the extending plates (23) are in sliding connection with the insertion holes (24) arranged on the upper surface of the rotating plate (13), and the thickness of each extending plate (23) is equal to the distance between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the inner cavity (14);
the extension plate (23) is provided with conveying holes (21) penetrating through the front side surface and the rear side surface of the extension plate, and the conveying holes (21) correspond to the communication holes (19) one by one; the extension plate (23) is provided with surface holes (20) penetrating through the left side surface and the right side surface of the extension plate, the surface holes (20) correspond to the conveying holes (21), and the surface holes (20) penetrate through the corresponding conveying holes (21);
a lifting assembly for lifting the connecting rod (22).
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises a driving portion, and the lifting assembly comprises:
the linkage column (25) is arranged on the periphery of the supporting plate (9), the fixing plate (28) is provided with a stabilizing hole (29) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the fixing plate, and the linkage column (25) is connected with the stabilizing hole (29) in a sliding mode;
the outer side surface of the circular ring plate (26) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the linkage column (25), and the inner side of the circular ring plate (26) is in sliding connection with an open slot (27) arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod (22);
the driving part is used for driving the linkage column (25) to do lifting motion.
4. The esterification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the drive unit comprises:
the lower end surface of the driving ring (30) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the uppermost connecting rod (22);
the device comprises a driving ring (30), a plurality of top blocks (31) positioned on the periphery of the driving ring (30), wherein the top blocks (31) are fixed on the upper side surface of the interior of an esterification kettle (1), the top blocks (31) are provided with side holes (32) penetrating through the left side surface and the right side surface of the top blocks, a bottom groove (40) communicated with the side holes (32) is arranged below the side holes (32), and the bottom groove (40) penetrates through the side surface of the top blocks (31) facing the driving ring (30);
the push rod (33) is connected with the side hole (32) in a sliding mode, the push rod (33) penetrates through the side hole (32), the push rod (33) comprises a front end portion and a rear end portion, the front end portion is in a semi-spherical shape, and the front end portion faces the rotating shaft (7);
the first spring (35) is sleeved on the push rod (33), one end of the first spring (35) is fixed to the side surface of the rear end part, and the other end of the first spring (35) is fixed to the side surface, facing the rear end part, of the top block (31);
the linkage block (41) is fixed on the side surface of the push rod (33), the linkage block (41) is in sliding connection with the bottom groove (40), a first thread is arranged on the outer side surface of the drive ring (30), a second thread is arranged on the side surface, facing the drive ring (30), of the linkage block (41), and the first thread is matched with the second thread;
when the front end part and the driving ring (30) are not in contact with each other, the first thread is meshed with the second thread due to the elastic force of the first spring (35);
the lower end face of the connecting ring (34) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the uppermost connecting rod (22), the driving ring (30) is positioned in the inner circle of the connecting ring (34), and a limiting groove (46) is formed in the inner side face of the connecting ring (34);
the linkage rod (36) is positioned below the rear end part, and the side surface of the linkage rod (36) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the rear end part;
the bottom rod (37) is positioned below the linkage rod (36), and the top end of the bottom rod (37) is in sliding connection with a side groove (38) arranged on the side surface of the linkage rod (36);
the driving component is used for driving the bottom rod (37) to slide along the side groove (38);
be fixed in stopper (45) of sill bar (37) side, stopper (45) are close to the bottom of sill bar (37), and when stopper (45) moved to just being directed against spacing groove (46), drive assembly made stopper (45) enter into in spacing groove (46).
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driving assembly comprises a first electromagnet (44) disposed in the bottom bar (37) and a second electromagnet (43) fixed in the top block (31), and the first electromagnet (44) is opposite to the second electromagnet (43).
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driving assembly further comprises a second spring (39) disposed in the lateral groove (38), one end of the second spring (39) is fixed to one end of the lateral groove (38), and the other end of the second spring (39) is fixed to the side of the bottom rod (37) near the top end.
7. The esterification apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving unit further comprises a third electromagnet (42) disposed in the linkage block (41), and the third electromagnet (42) is opposite to the second electromagnet (43).
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
the device comprises a condenser (3), a feeding pipe (4) with one end connected with an inlet of the condenser (3), a discharging pipe (5) with one end connected with an outlet of the condenser (3), and a recovery tank (2), wherein the other end of the discharging pipe (5) is communicated with the interior of the recovery tank (2), and the other end of the feeding pipe (4) is sealed;
one end of each guide pipe (6) is connected with the side surface of the feeding pipe (4), the guide pipes (6) are communicated with the inside of the feeding pipe (4), and the guide pipes (6) correspond to the jacking blocks (31) one by one; the guide pipe (6) penetrates through the top end face of the esterification kettle (1) and extends into the esterification kettle (1);
the bottom of the fixed rod (48) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the bottom rod (37), and a side sliding groove (49) is formed in the fixed rod (48) towards the side surface of the guide tube (6);
a sealing plate (52) with one end connected with the side sliding groove (49) in a sliding manner, wherein the sealing plate (52) is provided with a guide hole (51) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the sealing plate, and the upper surface of the sealing plate (52) is in contact connection with the bottom end surface of the corresponding guide pipe (6);
the third spring (50) is positioned in the side sliding groove (49), one end of the third spring (50) is fixed at the bottom of the side sliding groove (49), and the other end of the third spring (50) is fixed on the lower surface of the sealing plate (52);
when the limiting block (45) is positioned in the limiting groove (46), the sealing plate (52) seals the bottom of the guide tube (6); when the limiting block (45) is separated from the limiting groove (46), the guide pipe (6) is communicated with the interior of the esterification kettle (1) through the guide hole (51).
9. The esterification apparatus for synthesis of nonionic surfactant according to claim 8, wherein the upper side surface of the stopper groove (46) is inclined upward gradually from the inner side surface of the connection ring (34) to the outer side surface of the connection ring (34), and the inclined direction of the upper surface of the stopper (45) is the same as the inclined direction of the upper side surface of the stopper groove (46).
10. A method for using an esterification apparatus for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant, according to claim 1, wherein the esterification apparatus for synthesizing a nonionic surfactant is used, before the esterification reaction, the communicating hole (19) is closed by the open/close part, and the corresponding discharge port (15) is closed by the electromagnetic valve (16) in the process of adding the fatty acid and the catalyst into the storage tank (12), and after sufficient fatty acid and the catalyst are stored in the storage tank (12), the heating system in the esterification reactor (1) starts to heat, and simultaneously, sufficient methanol is added into the metering reactor (47); when the temperature in the esterification kettle (1) is raised to a preset temperature, firstly, high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the metering kettle (47), methanol enters the conveying cavity (10) after passing through the conveying pipe (11) through the high-pressure nitrogen and finally enters the inner cavity (14) through the connecting hole (18), when the pressure in the inner cavity (14) is greater than the pressure in the storage tank (12), the communicating hole (19) is opened by the opening and closing part, so that the methanol passes through the communicating hole (19) and enters the storage tank (12), and interacts with fatty acid and a catalyst in the storage tank (12) to generate fatty acid methyl ester, at the moment, the motor (8) is started to drive the rotating shaft (7) to rotate, so that the rotating plate (13) rotates, after the chemical reaction in the esterification kettle (1) is finished, the motor (8) stops rotating, and the communicating hole (19) is closed by the opening and closing part, and the corresponding discharge hole (15) is opened through an electromagnetic valve (16), so that the reacted liquid flows out through the outlet of the esterification kettle (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211009223.5A CN115121189B (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Esterification device for synthesizing nonionic surfactant and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211009223.5A CN115121189B (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Esterification device for synthesizing nonionic surfactant and use method thereof |
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| CN115121189B CN115121189B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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| GB887309A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1962-01-17 | Simon Ltd Henry | Improved method of and apparatus for the conveying of powdered or pulverulent dry material in bulk |
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| CN101234261A (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2008-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Concentric ring type cross current type hypergravity field swinging bed device |
| CN206652478U (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-11-21 | 福建富润建材科技股份有限公司 | Cement agent feeding device |
| CN213556990U (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-29 | 贵州中伟资源循环产业发展有限公司 | Reaction pot for wet recovery of manganese sulfate from waste lithium batteries |
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2022
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB887309A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1962-01-17 | Simon Ltd Henry | Improved method of and apparatus for the conveying of powdered or pulverulent dry material in bulk |
| US3618903A (en) * | 1969-04-02 | 1971-11-09 | Buss Ag | Mixing and kneading device |
| CN101234261A (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2008-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Concentric ring type cross current type hypergravity field swinging bed device |
| CN206652478U (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-11-21 | 福建富润建材科技股份有限公司 | Cement agent feeding device |
| CN213556990U (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-29 | 贵州中伟资源循环产业发展有限公司 | Reaction pot for wet recovery of manganese sulfate from waste lithium batteries |
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| CN115121189B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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