CN115118607A - SDN-based automatic virtual network topology construction method - Google Patents
SDN-based automatic virtual network topology construction method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4633—Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0889—Techniques to speed-up the configuration process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of computer network virtualization, and discloses a method for automatically constructing a virtual network topology based on an SDN. The method comprises the following steps: (10) and reading input SDN network topology information. (20) And sequencing the switch nodes by using a node index sequencing algorithm to obtain topology key nodes. (30) And carrying out node community division by using an overlapping community mining algorithm based on local expansion to obtain a subnet set. (40) The key nodes in the topology are simulated using OpenvSwitch. (50) The resulting set of subnets was simulated using Mininet. (60) And connecting the key node and the virtual subnet by using the VxLan tunnel to form an input topology. (70) And generating an OpenvSwitch and Mininet command script and sending the OpenvSwitch and Mininet command script to the virtual machine. (80) The remote connection virtual machine execution script automatically constructs a topology, and the generated topology is checked through the SDN controller. The method simplifies the complicated configuration required by manually building the traditional virtual network, and can be used for meeting the requirements of some SDN network experiments needing to be built in a self-defined SDN virtual network topology environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of computer network virtualization, and particularly relates to a method for automatically constructing a custom forwarding layer virtual network topology based on an SDN.
Background
The development of the network is usually accompanied with the progress of a virtualization technology, the problems of 'rigidness', serious waste of hardware resources, difficult maintenance, complex configuration of network equipment and the like exist in the current internet, in order to solve the problems and stimulate innovation of future network research, a concept of network virtualization is provided, the network virtualization technology uses an abstraction, allocation and isolation mechanism to realize node and link virtualization, a diversified virtual network which coexists but is isolated from each other is constructed by sharing physical resources of a bottom layer, and the physical network can realize reasonable configuration and management of the physical resources according to a dynamically-changed virtual resource request. Virtualization techniques have been used to build logical networks based on existing network architectures to meet specific business needs. Such as virtual local area networks VLAN, virtual private networks VPN, etc. that may implement user isolation.
Sdn (software Defined network) is a new network architecture, which is different from the traditional network architecture in that it separates the original integrated network control plane from the data plane, uses a centralized controller, and uses a standard interface to manage various network devices. A novel open and programmable network structure is constructed to realize various novel network structures and service innovations. Meanwhile, the SDN has natural advantages in the field of network virtualization, which simplifies each independent network device, and also simplifies network design and operation, so that the switching device only needs to listen to commands from the controller, and does not need to analyze and process various protocol standards, and network management personnel can centrally control a large number of network devices in a programming manner without manually configuring the network devices one by one, which is exactly required by the present invention.
Mininet is a powerful network research platform. The research group of Nick McKeown, university of stanford, developed a platform for virtualization of this process based on the Linux Container architecture. With the help of Mininet, a user can conveniently test a software defined network and develop and verify various protocols such as OpenFlow, OpenvSwitch and the like. In addition, the Mininet emulated virtual environment can migrate almost seamlessly into the real hardware environment. Thus, with Mininet, a user can create an SDN network of arbitrary topology and test analyze it.
OpenvSwitch is an Open Virtual Switch (Open Virtual Switch). The method is used as a virtual switching standard under Apache2.0 permission and is the basis of SDN network virtualization. Compared with a physical switch, the OpenvSwitch has lower cost and higher working efficiency, one virtual switch can create a plurality of ports to be connected with virtual machine terminals or network card equipment, and the OpenvSwitch occupies small resources and supports a plurality of standard management interfaces and protocols, and can flexibly configure according to the selection of a user to receive, analyze and process data packets.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the traditional virtual network construction is not sufficient in truth and network equipment needs to be created one by one and complicated connection configuration is carried out, a method for automatically constructing a custom forwarding layer virtual network topology based on an SDN is provided. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(10) the method comprises the steps of inputting custom SDN virtual network topology information needing to be constructed, inputting the topology information comprises detailed information input and key information input, a user can only input the key information, the rest information is automatically generated, the key information comprises the number information of nodes in the topology, the node type information is information of a switch or a terminal, and connection side information between the nodes. Detailed information such as IP of the switch and the terminal can be manually input, and if not, can be automatically generated according to default configuration. Turning to the step (20) and the step (30).
(20) And (4) extracting the switch nodes according to the network topology information input in the step (10), and sequencing the switch nodes according to the sizes of the flow of the nodes. And (3) sorting the betweenness of all the nodes from large to small through a node betweenness sorting algorithm, returning a sorted node set R1, then synthesizing the node sets R2 returned in the step (30), taking out the first N nodes from each set, combining the first N nodes into a new node set, then randomly taking N nodes from the new node set as key nodes in the input SDN virtual network topology, wherein all the nodes except the key nodes are common nodes, and returning the set of the N key nodes. And (6) turning to the step (40).
(30) And (4) extracting the switch nodes according to the network topology information input in the step (10), dividing the switch nodes into communities according to a local expansion-based overlapping community mining algorithm, calculating the number of communities to which each switch node belongs according to the divided communities, sorting the switch nodes according to the number of the communities to which each switch node belongs from most to least, and returning to the sorted switch node set R2. And (5) removing the key nodes in each community according to the key node set calculated in the step (20) to obtain a removed community set, wherein each set in the community set is a subnet of the original topology. A set of subnets is returned. And (5) turning to the step (50).
(40) Simulating all switch nodes in the key node set returned in the step (20) by using the OpenvSwitch creation bridge, wherein one created bridge in the OpenvSwitch is a virtual switch. Connecting each created virtual switch to the SDN controller, proceeding to step (60).
(50) According to the subnet sets returned in the step (30), each subnet is simulated through a virtual machine equipped with Mininet, the Mininet provides python API capable of customizing network topology, the subnet topology can be conveniently created, and the Mininet can be connected to the same SDN controller as the OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (40) through the API, and the step (60) is repeated.
(60) And (3) connecting the OpenvSwitch virtual switch simulated in the step (40) with the Mininet subnet constructed in the step (50) through a VxLan tunnel, wherein the OpenvSwitch virtual switch can add a VxLan port through a command, then, the VxLan tunnel connection is realized by setting a remote connection IP and a VNI serial number, and when a network topology is established by the Mininet, the switch of the Minister virtual switch can also be set to be an OpenvSwitch type through a provided python API, so that the connection is converted into the connection between the OpenvSwitch virtual switches. Therefore, a VxLan port can be created on the switch, and remote connection IP and VNI numbers are set to realize the OpenvSwitch virtual switch connection with the key node.
(70) Simulating each OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (50) and configuring a VxLan connection command in the step (60) to generate a shell command script and sending the shell command script to equipment for installing the OpenvSwitch, and also sending the python script for constructing the Mininet subnet topology in the step (60) to the corresponding Mininet virtual machines through ssh protocol remote connection.
(80) And remotely connecting each virtual machine by using the ssh protocol and executing the issued script, so that the input SDN virtual network topology can be automatically generated. After the script is successfully operated, a connected SDN controller page can be opened to view and manage the generated virtual network topology.
In the invention, the network flow is usually generated in communication between terminal hosts, so that the shortest path between edge nodes only needs to be calculated in a node betweenness ordering algorithm, a switch node connected with the terminal hosts in the topology is defined as the edge node, the input of the node betweenness ordering algorithm (open algorithm) is an edge node set and a switch node set, and the output after the algorithm is operated is the switch node set which is ordered from large to small according to the node betweenness.
The invention discloses an overlapping community mining algorithm based on local expansion, which is used for carrying out community division on switch nodes, wherein the overlapping degree over (A, B) of two communities is defined as follows:
where | A | represents the number of nodes in the A community. And if the overlapping degree of the two communities exceeds a set overlapping degree threshold value, fusing the two communities. The overlap threshold is set to 0.3 in the present invention.
Defining the connectivity connect (P, C) between the node P and the community C as:
wherein k is P For the degree of node P, P is adjacent to any node V in C, then N PV 1, otherwise N PV The ratio of (0 to (v) is. If the connectivity between the node P and the community C exceeds the set connectivity threshold, the node P is added into the community C, and the connectivity threshold is set to be 0.5 in the invention.
The specific steps of the overlapping community mining algorithm based on local expansion are shown in the following table:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the OpenvSwitch virtual switch and the Minnet are combined to construct a virtual network topology, and the Minnet can quickly create a large-scale virtual network but cannot completely reflect the characteristics of a real network, so that the problems of insufficient simulation reality, poor performance and the like exist. However, the OpenvSwitch switch can create a real network, but when a large-scale network is built, the OpenvSwitch switch needs to be installed repeatedly, switch nodes are increased, and the large-scale network cannot be simulated conveniently. The two are combined, the OpenvSwitch is used for simulating key switch nodes in the network, and the Mininet simulation is used for the rest nodes, so that the real degree of the network is guaranteed, and the speed of constructing the network topology is shortened.
2. The invention realizes automatic network topology construction by generating the command script and uniformly issuing the command script to the virtual machine for remote execution, does not need each device to be configured one by one, improves the construction efficiency of the network, generates the command script through programming, has good expandability and flexibility, and can uniformly issue the command script after intensively modifying the network configuration to realize network modification and topology construction.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main process of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 3 is an example diagram of an automatically constructed SDN network topology
FIG. 4 is a simple case diagram
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention aims to provide a solution to the problems that the traditional virtual network construction is not sufficient in reality degree and network equipment needs to be created one by one and complicated connection configuration is carried out. Referring to fig. 2, the specific implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:
(10) the method comprises the steps of inputting custom SDN virtual network topology information needing to be constructed, inputting the topology information comprises detailed information input and key information input, a user can only input the key information, the rest information is automatically generated, the key information comprises the number information of nodes in the topology, the node type information is information of a switch or a terminal, and connection side information between the nodes. Detailed information such as IP of the switch and the terminal can be manually input, and if not, can be automatically generated according to default configuration. Turning to the step (20) and the step (30).
(20) And (4) extracting the switch nodes according to the network topology information input in the step (10), and sequencing the switch nodes according to the flow of the nodes. And (3) sorting the betweenness of all the nodes from large to small through a node betweenness sorting algorithm, returning a sorted node set R1, then synthesizing the node sets R2 returned in the step (30), taking out the first N nodes from each set, combining the first N nodes into a new node set, then randomly taking N nodes from the new node set as key nodes in the input SDN virtual network topology, wherein all the nodes except the key nodes are common nodes, and returning the set of the N key nodes. And (6) turning to the step (40).
(30) And (4) extracting the switch nodes according to the network topology information input in the step (10), dividing the switch nodes into communities according to a local expansion-based overlapping community mining algorithm, calculating the number of communities to which each switch node belongs according to the divided communities, sorting the switch nodes according to the number of the communities to which each switch node belongs from most to least, and returning to the sorted switch node set R2. And (5) removing the key nodes in each community according to the key node set calculated in the step (20) to obtain a removed community set, wherein each set in the community set is a subnet of the original topology. A set of subnets is returned. And (5) turning to the step (50).
(40) And (3) simulating all switch nodes in the key node set returned by the step (20) by using the OpenvSwitch creation bridge, wherein one bridge created in the OpenvSwitch is a virtual switch. Connecting each created virtual switch to the SDN controller, proceeding to step (60).
(50) According to the subnet sets returned in the step (30), each subnet is simulated by a virtual machine equipped with Mininet, the Mininet provides python API capable of customizing network topology, so that subnet topology can be conveniently created, and the subnet sets can be connected to the same SDN controller as the OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (40) through API, and then the step (60) is carried out.
(60) And (3) connecting the OpenvSwitch virtual switch simulated in the step (40) with the Mininet subnet constructed in the step (50) through a VxLan tunnel, wherein the OpenvSwitch virtual switch can add a VxLan port through a command, then, the VxLan tunnel connection is realized by setting a remote connection IP and a VNI serial number, and when a network topology is established by the Mininet, the switch of the Minister virtual switch can also be set to be an OpenvSwitch type through a provided python API, so that the connection is converted into the connection between the OpenvSwitch virtual switches. Therefore, a VxLan port can be created on the switch, and remote connection IP and VNI numbers are set to realize the OpenvSwitch virtual switch connection with the key node.
(70) Simulating each OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (50) and configuring a VxLan connection command in the step (60) to generate a shell command script and sending the shell command script to equipment for installing the OpenvSwitch, and also sending the python script for constructing the Mininet subnet topology in the step (60) to the corresponding Mininet virtual machines through ssh protocol remote connection.
(80) And remotely connecting each virtual machine by using the ssh protocol and executing the issued script, so that the input SDN virtual network topology can be automatically generated. After the script is successfully operated, a connected SDN controller page can be opened to view and manage the generated virtual network topology.
The effect of the invention can be further verified by the following experiments:
firstly, the input topology information to be constructed is as follows: { node 1: switch, node 2: switch, node 3: switch, node 4: switch, node 5: switch, node 6: switch, node 7: switch, node 8: host, node 9: host, node 10: host, node 11: host, the side information of the node is [ (1, 2), (1, 8), (2, 6), (2, 5), (2, 9), (3, 5), (3, 7), (3, 10), (4, 7), (4, 11), (5, 6), (5, 7) ].
According to the node information and the side information, the edge node set is confirmed to be [1, 2, 3, 4], and the switch node set is confirmed to be [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]. M key nodes are worked out through a node betweenness sequencing algorithm and an overlapping community mining algorithm based on local expansion, wherein M is usually not more than 30% of the number of the nodes of the switch but not less than 20% of the number of the nodes of the switch so as to ensure the construction speed of the topology and the truth of the topology, wherein M is 2, the key nodes can be worked out through the algorithm as [2, 5], the divided subnets are [ [1, 6], [3, 7, 4] ], then the key nodes are simulated by OpenvSwitch [2, 5], two virtual machines for installing Mininet are used for simulating subnets as [1, 6], [3, 7, 4] ], and the key nodes and the subnets are connected according to side information. And respectively generating an OpenvSwitch command script and a Mininet custom topology script, and issuing the OpenvSwitch command script and the Mininet custom topology script to a corresponding virtual machine to run to construct a virtual network topology shown in fig. 4.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any technical solutions similar or identical to the present invention, which are made in the light of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method is characterized in that:
(10) and (3) inputting SDN virtual network topology information to be constructed, such as the node type is a switch or an end host, the node number, the connection information of edges between nodes and the like, and turning to the step (20) and the step (30).
(20) Extracting switch nodes in the input topology, sorting the switch nodes according to the flow of the nodes by using a node betweenness sorting algorithm, integrating the sorted node sets with the node sets sorted according to the number of communities to which the nodes belong, returned in the step (30), taking N nodes from the new node sets, combining the N nodes into a new node set, taking the N nodes from the new node set as key nodes in the input SDN virtual network topology, taking all the nodes except the key nodes as common nodes, and returning the set of the N key nodes. And (6) turning to the step (40).
(30) Extracting the switch nodes in the input topology, performing community division by using an overlapping community mining algorithm based on local expansion to obtain a divided community set, calculating the number of communities to which each switch node belongs, sequencing, returning the sequenced node set, removing the key nodes in each community according to the key node set returned in the step (20), and only keeping the common nodes, wherein each community after the key nodes are removed is a sub-network. And returning the obtained subnet set. And (5) turning to the step (50).
(40) Simulating all switch nodes in the key node set returned in the step (20) by using the OpenvSwitch creation bridge, wherein one created bridge in the OpenvSwitch is a virtual switch. Connecting each created virtual switch to the SDN controller, proceeding to step (60).
(50) According to the subnet sets returned in the step (30), each subnet is simulated through a virtual machine with Mininet, and is connected to the same SDN controller as the OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (40), and the process goes to step (60).
(60) And (4) enabling the OpenvSwitch virtual switch simulated in the step (40) and the Mininet subnets constructed in the step (50) or different Mininet subnets to be mutually communicated by using VxLan tunnels according to topology information, and realizing the input SDN virtual network topology.
(70) Simulating each OpenvSwitch virtual switch in the step (50) and configuring a command connected with the VxLan in the step (60) to generate a shell command script and sending the shell command script to equipment for installing the OpenvSwitch, and similarly sending the python script for constructing the Mininet subnet topology in the step (50) to the corresponding Mininet virtual machines respectively.
(80) And using ssh to remotely connect each virtual machine and execute the issued script respectively, and automatically generating the input SDN virtual network topology. The generated virtual network topology may be viewed and managed in the SDN controller.
2. The SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 1, wherein: (20) the said sorting of the switch nodes according to the flow of the nodes is realized by node betweenness sorting algorithm, and the node betweenness refers to the proportion of the shortest path number of all nodes in the network to the total number of the shortest paths. The larger the node betweenness, the more the nodes are located on the shortest path, and the shortest path is generally selected for communication among hosts in a forwarding layer network of the SDN, so the larger the node betweenness, the more traffic flowing through the node can be considered.
3. The SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 2, wherein: (20) the network traffic described in (1) usually results from communication between end hosts, so in the node betweenness algorithm, only the shortest path between edge nodes needs to be calculated, and the switch node connected with the end host in the topology is defined as the edge node.
4. The SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 1, wherein: (20) the node argument ordering algorithm in the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(21) and calculating the shortest path between each edge switch node.
(22) And counting the occurrence times of each node in all shortest paths and the total number of the shortest paths.
(23) Calculating the betweenness of all nodes, namely the proportion of the occurrence frequency of each node in the shortest path to the number of all shortest paths.
(24) And sorting the node betweenness from large to small and returning to the corresponding node sorting set.
5. The SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 1, wherein: (30) the community division of the switch nodes is based on a local expansion overlapping community mining algorithm, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
(31) and sequencing the nodes of the edge switch according to the node degree, wherein the node degree refers to the number of edges associated with the nodes.
(32) And sequentially taking the edge nodes and all adjacent nodes thereof from large to small according to the degree of the edge nodes to form a temporary node set, combining each group into a temporary node set to calculate the overlapping degree with other existing temporary node sets, immediately merging the two node sets into a new temporary node set if the overlapping degree is greater than an overlapping degree threshold, and reserving the temporary node set if the overlapping degree threshold is not reached.
(33) After all edge nodes are sequentially taken and all temporary node sets are fused, if nodes which are not added into the temporary node sets exist, the connectivity of the nodes and each temporary node set is respectively calculated, and if the connectivity is greater than a connectivity threshold value, the nodes are added into the temporary node sets until all the nodes at least belong to one temporary node set. Each temporary node set obtained at this time is a community obtained by allocation, and one community represents one subnet.
6. The SDN-based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 1, wherein: (50) when the simulated OpenvSwitch virtual switch and the constructed Mininet subnet or different Mininet subnets are mutually communicated by using a VxLan tunnel according to topology information, the python API is provided by the Mininet, and the switch type used when the topology is generated is designated as the OpenvSwitch type, so that the connection is converted into the connection between the OpenvSwitch virtual switches. And constructing the VxLan tunnel connection requires setting an IP and a VNI ID for the OpenvSwitch virtual switch, where the IP is an IP of a virtual machine on which the OpenvSwitch or Mininet is installed, and the VNI ID is automatically specified according to a generation sequence of the topology edge.
7. The SDN based virtual network topology automatic construction method of claim 1, wherein: (80) the generated shell command script and the generated python script are issued and are realized by establishing remote connection through an ssh protocol, and the script file can be transmitted to the corresponding virtual machine by using the IP and the directory of the designated destination of the scp command. And the script which is executed and issued is connected to each virtual machine through the ssh connection established remotely, the script is switched to the script directory, the executable authority is set for the script, and then the corresponding execution command is used for executing the script, so that the input virtual network topology can be automatically established.
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