CN115117904A - Energy storage and discharge method for peak shaving operation of cogeneration unit - Google Patents
Energy storage and discharge method for peak shaving operation of cogeneration unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN115117904A CN115117904A CN202211036420.6A CN202211036420A CN115117904A CN 115117904 A CN115117904 A CN 115117904A CN 202211036420 A CN202211036420 A CN 202211036420A CN 115117904 A CN115117904 A CN 115117904A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage and discharge method under peak regulation operation of a cogeneration unit, which comprises the steps of arranging a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, introducing redundant power generation steam into the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device when a turbine unit is subjected to peak regulation according to the requirement of power grid dispatching, arranging calcium hydroxide at the bottom of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, baking the calcium hydroxide by the introduced high-temperature steam to convert the calcium hydroxide into calcium oxide and separate out water, and converting heat energy in high-quality steam into calcium oxide for storage; the small-sized steam turbine set is connected with the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, when the power generation requirement of a power grid on the steam turbine set is increased, desalted water is reduced to be sprinkled into calcium oxide stored with heat energy through the desalted water tank, a large amount of steam can be generated in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, and the steam is used for pushing the small-sized steam turbine set to generate power so as to meet the increase of the power supply requirement of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cogeneration turbo-generator unit, in particular to an energy storage and discharge system and an energy storage and discharge method which can improve the benefit of the cogeneration unit during peak shaving operation in the heating period in winter.
Background
The power generation load of the existing thermal power plant cogeneration coal-fired unit is changed in proportion to the power supply load; on the premise of rapid development of new energy power, a thermal power plant cogeneration coal-fired unit becomes a peak shaving unit gradually; the daily power generation load of a coal-fired thermal power generating unit often fluctuates between 0 and 100 percent according to the peak regulation requirement, the steam inlet quantity of a steam turbine unit of a cogeneration coal-fired unit also fluctuates between 30 and 100 percent along with the power generation load, so that the steam outlet quantity of the steam turbine unit also fluctuates along with the steam inlet quantity, the heat supply capacity of the cogeneration also fluctuates along with the steam inlet quantity, and the phenomenon that the steam turbine unit cannot meet the heat supply load requirement of a heat supply network occurs.
During heating in winter, the cogeneration coal-fired unit of the thermal power plant takes double tasks of supplying power to a power grid and supplying heat to a heat supply network; according to the load requirement of a power grid, when a steam turbine set is in peak shaving operation, the steam supply quantity of a high-pressure cylinder needs to be reduced so as to meet the purpose of reducing power generation delivery, the prior art generally adopts two modes to achieve the purpose, the first mode is to reduce the steam supply quantity of the high-pressure cylinder by adjusting a high-pressure bypass valve of the steam turbine set, the high-pressure bypass valve belongs to expensive equipment, and the valve is frequently adjusted to a large extent so as to cause the damage of the valve; the other mode is that the steam extraction quantity at the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is increased, and the extracted steam is used for heating the return water in the heat supply network, so that the high-quality steam is directly used for heating the low-quality hot water, the high energy and the low energy are used, and the energy utilization principle of temperature contra-aperture and energy gradient utilization is not met; how to realize the energy gradient utilization of high-quality steam aiming at the peak regulation of a power grid and comprehensively improve the economic benefit of a power plant becomes a problem to be solved on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy storage and discharge method for a cogeneration unit under peak shaving operation, which solves the technical problems of realizing the energy gradient utilization of high-quality steam and improving the economic benefit of a power plant aiming at the peak shaving of a power grid.
The general concept of the invention is: arranging a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, when a turbine set carries out peak regulation according to the dispatching requirement of a power grid, introducing redundant power generation steam into the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, arranging calcium hydroxide at the bottom of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, baking the calcium hydroxide by the introduced high-temperature steam to convert the calcium hydroxide into calcium oxide and separate out water, absorbing a large amount of heat in the process that the calcium hydroxide is converted into calcium oxide and water by baking and dehydrating, converting the heat energy in high-quality steam into calcium oxide and storing the calcium oxide, and storing the separated out water into a separated-out water storage tank independently arranged in a desalted water tank; meanwhile, a small-sized steam turbine set is arranged in a power plant, the small-sized steam turbine set is connected with a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, when the power generation requirement of a power grid on the steam turbine set is increased, water in a separated water storage tank independently arranged in a desalted water tank is conveyed to the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device and is sprayed into calcium oxide to be converted into calcium hydroxide, a large amount of heat is released in the process of converting the calcium hydroxide into the calcium hydroxide, simultaneously, desalted water in the desalted water tank is conveyed into a heat exchanger of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through a water feeding pump, a large amount of heat released in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device converts the desalted water in the heat exchanger of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device into high-quality steam, the steam pushes the small-sized steam turbine set to generate electricity, and heat energy in the calcium oxide is converted into electric power generation energy of the small-turbine set, the electric energy is transmitted to a power grid to meet the increase of the power supply requirement of the power grid, a steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the small steam turbine set, and steam exhausted by the back pressure of the small steam turbine is used for heating water in the heat supply network.
An energy storage and release system under peak regulation operation of a cogeneration unit comprises a steam extraction pipeline at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, a demineralized water tank and a small turbo-generator unit, wherein a separated water storage tank is independently arranged in the demineralized water tank, water in the separated water storage tank is isolated from demineralized water in the demineralized water tank, a vapor heat exchanger of the demineralized water is arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, the steam extraction pipeline at the joint of the medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit is communicated with the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, a spray water pipeline is arranged on the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, the other end of the spray water pipeline is communicated with the separated water storage tank in the demineralized water tank, a demineralized water conveying pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, one end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline is communicated with a water vapor heat exchanger of demineralized water arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, and the other end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline is communicated with a demineralized water tank; the upper part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device is provided with a heat storage steam output pipeline, and the other end of the heat storage steam output pipeline is communicated with a steam input pipeline of the small-sized steam turbine generator unit.
The desalting water tank is also respectively provided with a desalting water input pipeline and a spray water replenishing pipeline; a steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger; the steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe through a water input pipeline and a water output pipeline.
A method for storing and discharging energy of a cogeneration unit under peak shaving operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, a desalted water tank and a small turbo generator unit, wherein a separated water storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank, water in the separated water storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank, and a water-vapor heat exchanger for the desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device; the method is characterized in that:
when the peak regulation is carried out on the power grid and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through the steam pumping pipeline at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is roasted to generate calcium oxide, water is separated out, the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide, and the separated water enters a separated water storage tank independently arranged in a desalting water tank through a spray water pipeline;
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase power transmission to a power grid, the desalted water in the desalted water tank is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, meanwhile, the water in the water storage tank is separated out and enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through a spray water pipeline, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed, the high-temperature calcium oxide is converted into calcium hydroxide, high-temperature steam is generated, the generated high-temperature steam is heated to the desalted water in the water vapor heat exchanger and is converted into steam, the converted steam enters the small steam turbine generator unit through a heat-storage steam output pipeline, the small steam turbine generator unit is driven to generate power, the power generated by the small steam turbine generator unit is sent to the power grid, and the requirement of power grid power transmission increase is met.
A steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger; the steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to a heat supply network water return main pipe through a water input pipeline and a water output pipeline, and heats water in a heat supply network by using steam exhausted by backpressure of a small-sized steam turbine.
The invention realizes the thermoelectric decoupling of the cogeneration unit under the peak load regulation of the power grid, realizes the cascade heat storage and the cascade heat release utilization of high-temperature and high-pressure steam by storing and releasing heat energy through the high-density heat storage and release system, and greatly improves the economic benefit of a power plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
an energy storage and release system under peak regulation operation of a cogeneration unit comprises a steam extraction pipeline 1 at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a demineralized water tank 10 and a small turbo generator unit 4, wherein a precipitated water storage tank is independently arranged in the demineralized water tank 10, water in the precipitated water storage tank is isolated from demineralized water in the demineralized water tank 10, a water vapor heat exchanger for demineralized water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the steam extraction pipeline 1 at the joint of the medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit is communicated with the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a spray water pipeline 11 is arranged on the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the other end of the spray water pipeline 11 is communicated with the precipitated water storage tank in the demineralized water tank 10, and the lower part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is arranged, one end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is communicated with a water vapor heat exchanger of demineralized water arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2, and the other end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is communicated with a demineralized water tank 10; the upper part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2 is provided with a heat storage steam output pipeline 3, and the other end of the heat storage steam output pipeline 3 is communicated with a steam input pipeline of the small turbo generator set 4; the system comprises a desalted water input pipeline 14, a desalted water tank 10, a desalted water conveying pipeline 12, a desalted water vapor heat exchanger arranged in a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 and a heat-storage steam output pipeline 3, wherein a steam conveying passage of a small-sized turbo generator unit 4 is formed, heat of hot steam released by calcium oxide is converted into energy for driving the small-sized turbo generator unit 4, and finally the energy is converted into power generation electric energy; the spray water replenishing pipeline 13, the precipitated water storage tank independently arranged in the demineralized water tank 10 and the spray water pipeline 11 form a water supply system for spraying high-temperature calcium oxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2, so that heat in the calcium oxide is converted into steam, and the steam is used for heating demineralized water in the water-steam heat exchanger; meanwhile, the precipitated water storage tank can also receive the precipitated water when the calcium hydroxide is converted into calcium oxide through the spray water pipeline 11.
The demineralized water tank 10 is also provided with a demineralized water input pipeline 14 and a spray water replenishing pipeline 13 respectively; a steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit 4, and a steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit; the steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected in parallel with the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7 through a water input pipeline 8 and a water output pipeline 9.
A method for storing and discharging energy under peak regulation operation of a cogeneration unit comprises a steam extraction pipeline 1 at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a desalted water tank 10 and a small turbo generator unit 4, wherein an effluent storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank 10, water in the effluent storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank 10, and a water-vapor heat exchanger for the desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2; the method is characterized in that:
when the peak regulation is carried out on the power grid and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 through the steam pumping pipeline 1 at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 is baked to generate calcium oxide, water is separated out, the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide, and the separated water enters a separated water storage tank independently arranged in the desalted water tank 10 through the water spraying pipeline 11;
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase power transmission to a power grid, demineralized water in the demineralized water tank 10 is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2, water in the water storage tank is separated out, the demineralized water enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 through the spray water pipeline 11, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed, the high-temperature calcium oxide is converted into calcium hydroxide and generates high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam heats the demineralized water in the water vapor heat exchanger and converts the demineralized water into steam, the converted steam enters the small-sized steam turbine generator unit 4 through the heat-storage steam output pipeline 3, the small-sized steam turbine generator unit 4 is driven to generate power, and the power generated by the small-sized steam turbine generator unit 4 is sent to the power grid so as to meet the requirement of power grid power transmission increase.
A steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit 4, and a steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit; the steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7 through a water input pipeline 8 and a water output pipeline 9, and heats water in the heat supply network by using steam exhausted by the backpressure of the small-sized steam turbine.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following characteristics: the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is arranged as an adjusting means, so that most of adjusting functions of a main steam high-pressure bypass adjusting valve of the cogeneration unit are replaced, the service life of the high bypass adjusting valve is greatly prolonged, and the safety of the cogeneration unit is also greatly improved; the heat storage density of the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is more than 1.0 GJ/ton, which is 3-4 times higher than that of the traditional molten salt, and the comprehensive cost is only one third of that of the traditional molten salt, so that the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is a very promising heat storage and release system; and (III) because the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 is arranged, the boiler load of the cogeneration unit can be adjusted at any time according to the requirement of heat supply load, and can not be reduced along with the reduction of power generation load, and the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 can be coordinated with a low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam full-recycling system during peak load regulation of the cogeneration unit in a heating period to run, so that low-coal-consumption thermoelectric decoupling pursued by technicians in the field can be realized in a real sense.
Claims (2)
1. A method for storing and discharging energy of a cogeneration unit under peak shaving operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline (1) at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), a desalted water tank (10) and a small turbo generator unit (4), wherein a separated water storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank (10), water in the separated water storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank (10), and a water-vapor heat exchanger for desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2); the method is characterized in that:
when the peak regulation is carried out on the power grid and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (2) through the steam pumping pipeline (1) at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (2) is roasted to generate calcium oxide and precipitate water, the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide, and the precipitated water enters the precipitated water storage tank independently arranged in the desalting water tank (10) through the spray water pipeline (11);
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase power transmission to a power grid, demineralized water in the demineralized water tank (10) is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), meanwhile, water in the water storage tank is separated out and enters the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2) through a spraying water pipeline (11), high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide, high-temperature steam is generated, the generated high-temperature steam heats the demineralized water in the water vapor heat exchanger and is converted into steam, the converted steam enters the small steam turbine generator unit (4) through the heat storage steam output pipeline (3) to drive the small steam turbine generator unit (4) to generate power, and the power generated by the small steam turbine generator unit (4) is sent to the power grid so as to meet the requirement of increasing the power grid.
2. The energy storage and release method under the peak shaving operation of the cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a steam extraction pipeline (5) of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit (4), and the other end of the steam extraction pipeline (5) of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger (6); the steam-water heat exchanger (6) is connected in parallel to the heat supply network water return main pipe (7) through a water input pipeline (8) and a water output pipeline (9), and heats water in the heat supply network by using steam discharged by the backpressure of a small-sized steam turbine.
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