CN115113365A - Optical system, lens module and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Optical system, lens module and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115113365A
CN115113365A CN202210564048.XA CN202210564048A CN115113365A CN 115113365 A CN115113365 A CN 115113365A CN 202210564048 A CN202210564048 A CN 202210564048A CN 115113365 A CN115113365 A CN 115113365A
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optical system
lens
lens element
image
refractive power
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CN115113365B (en
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邓嘉伟
刘彬彬
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Jiangxi Jingchao Optical Co Ltd
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Jiangxi Jingchao Optical Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/004Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration

Abstract

An optical system, a lens module and an electronic device are provided, wherein the optical system comprises four lens elements with refractive power, and the optical system sequentially comprises the following components along an optical axis from an object side to an image side: the first lens element and the third lens element with positive refractive power have positive refractive power, and the third lens element and the fourth lens element with positive refractive power have negative refractive power; the optical system satisfies the relation: 0.85< tan (hfov) > Imgh/TTL < 1; the HFOV is a half of the maximum field angle of the optical system, Imgh is a half of the maximum field angle of the optical system corresponding to the image height, and TTL is a distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image plane of the optical system. The optical system, the lens module and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the requirements of lightness, thinness and large field angle.

Description

Optical system, lens module and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical imaging, and particularly relates to an optical system, a lens module and electronic equipment.
Background
With the continuous development and updating of mobile electronic devices such as smart phones and tablet computers, portable terminal electronic products have higher design requirements for lenses, and the size of an optical lens is required to be thinner and lighter while high imaging effect is pursued. The advantage of the slimmer lens is that it can save space and reduce weight of the lens in the terminal electronic product, and thus it has wide application in the portable terminal electronic product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical system, a lens module and an electronic device, wherein the optical system can meet the characteristics of lightness, thinness and large field angle.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical system, including four lens elements with refractive power, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a first lens element with positive refractive power; the object side surface of the first lens element is convex at a paraxial region, and the image side surface of the first lens element is concave at a paraxial region; a second lens element with refractive power; a third lens element with positive refractive power; the object side surface of the third lens element is concave at a paraxial region, and the image side surface of the third lens element is convex at a paraxial region; a fourth lens element with refractive power; the object side surface of the fourth lens element is convex at a paraxial region, and the image side surface of the fourth lens element is concave at a paraxial region; the optical system satisfies the relation: 0.85< tan (hfov) > Imgh/TTL < 1; the HFOV is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system, Imgh is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system corresponding to the image height, and TTL is the distance between the object side surface of the first lens and the imaging surface of the optical system on the optical axis.
The first lens with positive refractive power is arranged, and the object side surface of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image side surface of the first lens is a concave surface, so that the light rays can be converged by the optical system, the optical performance of the optical system can be improved, and further, the design of small head and miniaturization of the optical system can be realized; the third lens element with positive refractive power is arranged, the object side surface of the third lens element is a concave surface, and the image side surface of the third lens element is a convex surface, so that spherical aberration introduced by the optical system can be effectively reduced, the field angle of the optical system is increased, and the optical system has good processing manufacturability; the fourth lens element with refractive power is arranged, the object side surface of the fourth lens element is a convex surface, the image side surface of the fourth lens element is a concave surface, and the fourth lens element can be arranged through a reasonable structure and a reasonable surface type, so that ghost images generated by reflection between the lenses and internal reflection of the lenses can be reduced, the direction of light convergence can be adjusted, and field curvature and distortion in the optical system can be effectively balanced.
When the relational expression is satisfied, the total length of the optical system can be kept in a smaller range on the basis of satisfying the requirement that the optical system has a large field angle, the image height is prevented from being too small, and the requirement of the optical system on lightness and thinness is satisfied. When the lower limit of the relational expression is lower, the total length of the optical system is too large, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization design of the optical system; when the total length of the optical system exceeds the upper limit of the relational expression, the light rays of the edge field of the optical system cannot be effectively converged, so that the imaging quality of the edge field of the optical system is poor, and a dark corner phenomenon may occur.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 0.85mm -1 <Fno*tan(HFOV)/Imgh<0.95mm -1 And/or 1.8mm<Imgh*sin(HFOV)<2 mm; wherein Fno is an f-number of the optical system. When the condition formula is satisfied, the field angle and the imaging height of the optical system can be reasonably configured, and meanwhile, the optical system can obtain a proper f-number, so that the optical system can satisfy the design requirement of large field angle and also consider simplification. When the lower limit of the relational expression is lower, the diaphragm number is too small, the diaphragm is too large, the design difficulty is increased, the aperture of the lens is further enlarged, and the reduction of tolerance sensitivity and the improvement of yield are not facilitated; if the relative illuminance and the resolution are exceeded, the aperture is too large, the aperture is too small, and the amount of light transmitted is insufficient, so that the relative illuminance and the resolution in the peripheral field are insufficient.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.1< R31/R32< 3.5; wherein R31 is a radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis, and R32 is a radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis. When the relation is satisfied, the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens at the optical axis is limited in a proper range, the optical path difference between the marginal ray and the paraxial ray of the optical system can be reasonably balanced, the field curvature and the astigmatism can be favorably corrected, the sensitivity of the system is reduced, and the assembly stability is improved.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.7< Fno CT34/CT4< 3.7; wherein Fno is an f-number of the optical system, CT34 is an axial distance between the image-side surface of the third lens element and the object-side surface of the fourth lens element, and CT4 is an axial thickness of the fourth lens element. When the relation formula is satisfied, the ratio between the air space between the third lens and the fourth lens and the ratio between the fourth lens can be reasonably distributed under the condition of providing a reasonable f-number for the optical system, so that the size of the optical system can be effectively compressed while the optical system has enough light incoming quantity, and further the lens module with the optical system can have the ultrathin characteristic.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 2.3mm 2 <f*EPD<2.8mm 2 (ii) a Where f is the effective focal length of the optical system and EPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system. When the relational expression is satisfied, the light flux of the optical system is ensured, and when the surrounding environment is dark, the optical system can obtain a better imaging effect; meanwhile, the aberration of the marginal field of view of the optical system is reduced.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 2.3< SD32/CT3< 2.7; wherein SD32 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image-side surface of the third lens, and CT3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis. When the above relational expression is satisfied, the third lens can have a larger effective aperture value, and the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis can be restrained, so that the transition from the center of the third lens to the whole thickness of the edge is flat, the thickness ratio is uniform, the inclination angle is smaller, ghost images can be reduced, and the third lens has good process formability.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: -17< SD42/SAG42< -5.5, wherein SD42 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image side surface of the fourth lens, and SAG42 is the distance on the optical axis from the maximum effective aperture of the image side surface of the fourth lens to the intersection point of the image side surface of the fourth lens and the optical axis. The above relation is satisfied, which is beneficial to correcting distortion and curvature of field generated by the first lens element to the third lens element, so that the configuration of the refractive power of the lens element close to the image plane is more suitable, and meanwhile, the refractive power and the surface type of the lens element can be reasonably controlled, thereby avoiding the over-thickness or over-thin lens element, further reducing the sensitivity of the optical system, and improving the process yield.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 4.7mm 2 <DL*f<5.4mm 2 (ii) a Wherein DL is a distance between an object-side surface of the first lens element and an image-side surface of the fourth lens element on an optical axis, and f is an effective focal length of the optical system. When the above conditional expressions are satisfied, the lengths of the first lens to the fourth lens and the effective focal length of the optical system are within a reasonable range, and through reasonable structural layout, on the basis of realizing miniaturization, the space between the image side surface of the fourth lens and the photosensitive element of the optical system is increased, which is favorable for the layout of the structural end of the lens module.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 10mm 2 <f34*f<110mm 2 (ii) a Wherein f34 is a combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens, and f is an effective focal length of the optical system. When the relation is satisfied, by controlling the ratio of the combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens to the effective focal length of the optical system within a reasonable range, the spherical aberration and the chromatic aberration introduced from the first lens to the second lens can be effectively balanced, the light converging direction is adjusted, and the imaging quality of the optical system on the chip is improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a lens module, which includes the optical system described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and a photosensitive chip disposed on an image side of the optical system. By adding the optical system provided by the invention into the lens module and reasonably designing the surface shape and the refractive power of each lens in the optical system, the lens module can be made to have the characteristics of lightness, thinness and large field angle.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a housing and the lens module set in the second aspect, wherein the lens module set is disposed in the housing. By adding the lens module provided by the invention into the electronic equipment, the electronic equipment has a larger shooting angle, and the light and thin lens module design can save more space for installing other devices.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an optical system of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 includes a plot of longitudinal spherical aberration, a plot of astigmatism, and a plot of distortion for the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 4 includes a plot of longitudinal spherical aberration, a plot of astigmatism, and a plot of distortion for the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 6 includes a plot of longitudinal spherical aberration, a plot of astigmatism, and a plot of distortion for the third embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 8 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration plot, an astigmatism plot, and a distortion plot of the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the optical system configuration of the fifth embodiment;
fig. 10 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration plot, an astigmatism plot, and a distortion plot of the fifth embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an optical system according to a sixth embodiment;
FIG. 12 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration plot, an astigmatism plot, and a distortion plot of the sixth embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an optical system configuration of a seventh embodiment;
fig. 14 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration plot, an astigmatism plot, and a distortion plot of the seventh embodiment;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of a lens module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical system, including four lens elements with refractive power, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a first lens element with positive refractive power; the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex at paraxial region, and the image-side surface thereof is concave at paraxial region; a second lens element with refractive power; a third lens element with positive refractive power; the object side surface of the third lens element is concave at paraxial region, and the image side surface thereof is convex at paraxial region; a fourth lens element with refractive power; the object side surface of the fourth lens element is convex at paraxial region, and the image side surface thereof is concave at paraxial region; the optical system satisfies the relation: 0.85< tan (hfov) > Imgh/TTL < 1; the HFOV is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system, Imgh is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system corresponding to the image height, and TTL is the distance between the object side surface of the first lens and the imaging surface of the optical system on the optical axis; specifically, the value of tan (hfov) · Imgh/TTL may be: 0.887, 0.893, 0.9, 0.914, 0.923, 0.931, 0.945, 0.957, 0.973, 0.982.
The first lens with positive refractive power is arranged, and the object side surface of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image side surface of the first lens is a concave surface, so that the light rays can be converged by the optical system, the optical performance of the optical system can be improved, and further, the design of small head and miniaturization of the optical system can be realized; the third lens element with positive refractive power is arranged, the object side surface of the third lens element is a concave surface, and the image side surface of the third lens element is a convex surface, so that spherical aberration introduced by the optical system can be effectively reduced, the field angle of the optical system is increased, and the optical system has good processing manufacturability; the fourth lens with refractive power is arranged, the object side face of the fourth lens is a convex face, the image side face of the fourth lens is a concave face, and the fourth lens can be arranged through a reasonable structure and a face type, so that ghost images generated by reflection between lenses and internal reflection of the lenses can be reduced, the direction of light convergence can be adjusted, and field curvature and distortion in an optical system are effectively balanced.
When the relational expression is satisfied, the total length of the optical system can be kept in a smaller range on the basis of satisfying the requirement that the optical system has a large field angle, the image height is prevented from being too small, and the requirement of the optical system on lightness and thinness is satisfied. When the lower limit of the relational expression is lower, the total length of the optical system is too large, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization design of the optical system; when the total length of the optical system exceeds the upper limit of the relational expression, the light rays of the edge field of the optical system cannot be effectively converged, so that the imaging quality of the edge field of the optical system is poor, and a dark corner phenomenon may occur.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 0.85mm -1 <Fno*tan(HFOV)/Imgh<0.95mm -1 And/or 1.8mm<Imgh*sin(HFOV)<2 mm; wherein, Fno is the f-number of the optical system, and HFOV is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system; specifically, the value of Fno tan (hfov)/Imgh may be: 0.884, 0.890, 0.898, 0.9, 0.906, 0.914, 0.915, 0.921, 0.928, 0.939; the value of Imgh sin (hfov) may be: 1.833, 1.866, 1.874, 1.876, 1.899, 1.908, 1.914, 1.927, 1.932, 1.949. When the condition formula is satisfied, the field angle and the imaging height of the optical system can be reasonably configured, and meanwhile, the optical system can obtain a proper f-number, so that the optical system can satisfy the design requirement of large field angle and also consider simplification. When the aperture is lower than the lower limit of the relational expression, the aperture number is too small, the aperture is too large, the design difficulty is increased, the aperture of the lens is further enlarged, and the reduction of tolerance sensitivity and the improvement of yield are not facilitated; if the relative illuminance and the resolution are exceeded, the aperture is too large, the aperture is too small, and the amount of light transmitted is insufficient, so that the relative illuminance and the resolution in the peripheral field are insufficient.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.1< R31/R32< 3.5; wherein, R31 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis, and R32 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis; specifically, the values of R31/R32 may be: 1.216, 1.392, 1.518, 1.733, 1.913, 2.347, 2.522, 2.725, 3.023, 3.396. When the relation is satisfied, the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens at the optical axis is limited in a proper range, the optical path difference between the marginal ray and the paraxial ray of the optical system can be reasonably balanced, the field curvature and the astigmatism can be favorably corrected, the sensitivity of the system is reduced, and the assembly stability is improved.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.7< Fno CT34/CT4< 3.7; wherein, Fno is an f-number of the optical system, CT34 is a distance between an image-side surface of the third lens and an object-side surface of the fourth lens on an optical axis, and CT4 is a thickness of the fourth lens on the optical axis; specifically, the values of Fno CT34/CT4 may be: 1.877, 1.994, 2.039, 2.291, 2.387, 2.437, 2.645, 2.891, 3.188 and 3.541. When the relation formula is satisfied, the ratio between the air space between the third lens and the fourth lens and the ratio between the fourth lens can be reasonably distributed under the condition of providing a reasonable f-number for the optical system, so that the size of the optical system can be effectively compressed while the optical system has enough light incoming quantity, and further the lens module with the optical system can have the ultrathin characteristic.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 2.3mm 2 <f*EPD<2.8mm 2 (ii) a Wherein f is the effective focal length of the optical system, and EPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system; specifically, the value of f × EPD may be: 2.421, 2.433, 2.514, 2.571, 2.608, 2.646, 2.649, 2.703, 2.764, 2.771. When the relational expression is satisfied, the light flux of the optical system is ensured, and when the surrounding environment is dark, the optical system can obtain a better imaging effect; meanwhile, the aberration of the marginal field of view of the optical system is reduced.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 2.3< SD32/CT3< 2.7; wherein SD32 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image-side surface of the third lens, and CT3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis; specifically, the values of SD32/CT3 may be: 2.381, 2.398, 2.421, 2.456, 2.473, 2.505, 2.527, 2.541, 2.584, 2.622. When the above relational expression is satisfied, the third lens can have a larger effective aperture value, and the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis can be restrained, so that the transition from the center of the third lens to the whole thickness of the edge is flat, the thickness ratio is uniform, the inclination angle is smaller, ghost images can be reduced, and the third lens has good process formability.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: -17< SD42/SAG42< -5.5, wherein SD42 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image side surface of the fourth lens, and SAG42 is the distance on the optical axis from the maximum effective aperture of the image side surface of the fourth lens to the intersection point of the image side surface of the fourth lens and the optical axis; specifically, the values of SD42/SAG42 may be: -15.942, -13.474, -11.329, -10.83, -9.595, -8.331, -7.979, -7.548, -7.463, -6.256. The above relation is satisfied, which is beneficial to correcting distortion and curvature of field generated by the first lens element to the third lens element, so that the configuration of the refractive power of the lens element close to the image plane is more suitable, and meanwhile, the refractive power and the surface type of the lens element can be reasonably controlled, thereby avoiding the over-thickness or over-thin lens element, further reducing the sensitivity of the optical system, and improving the process yield.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship: 4.7mm 2 <DL*f<5.4mm 2 (ii) a Wherein DL is the distance between the object-side surface of the first lens element and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element on the optical axis, and f is the effective focal length of the optical system; specifically, the value of DL _ f may be: 4.7, 4.785, 4.812, 4.934, 5.06, 5.109, 5.193, 5.223, 5.272, 5.351. When the above conditional expressions are satisfied, the lengths of the first lens to the fourth lens and the effective focal length of the optical system are within a reasonable range, and through reasonable structural layout, on the basis of realizing miniaturization, the space between the image side surface of the fourth lens and the photosensitive element of the optical system is increased, which is favorable for the layout of the structural end of the lens module.
In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies the relationship:10mm 2 <f34*f<110mm 2 (ii) a Wherein f34 is the combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens, and f is the effective focal length of the optical system; specifically, the value of f34 may be: 11.826, 13.463, 16.441, 20.342, 20.76, 28.993, 34.393, 45.627, 74.592, 106.661. When the relation is satisfied, by controlling the ratio of the combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens to the effective focal length of the optical system within a reasonable range, the spherical aberration and the chromatic aberration introduced from the first lens to the second lens can be effectively balanced, the light converging direction is adjusted, and the imaging quality of the optical system on the chip is improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a lens module, which includes the optical system of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect and a photosensitive chip disposed on an image side of the optical system. By adding the optical system provided by the invention into the lens module and reasonably designing the surface shape and the refractive power of each lens in the optical system, the lens module can be made to have the characteristics of lightness, thinness and large field angle.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a housing and the lens module of the second aspect, and the lens module is disposed in the housing. By adding the lens module provided by the invention into the electronic equipment, the electronic equipment has a larger shooting angle, and the design of the light and thin lens module can save more space for installing other devices.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the optical system of the present embodiment includes, in order from an object side to an image side:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
Further, the optical system includes a stop STO, a filter IR, and an imaging surface IMG. In the present embodiment, the stop STO is disposed between the first lens L1 and the object to control the amount of light entering, but in other embodiments, the stop STO may be disposed between two lenses, for example, between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2. The optical filter IR may be an infrared cut filter, disposed between the fourth lens element L4 and the imaging surface IMG, and including an object side surface S9 and an image side surface S10, and is configured to filter out infrared light, so that the light incident on the imaging surface IMG is visible light with a wavelength of 380nm to 780 nm. The material of the infrared cut-off filter IR is plastic, and a film can be coated on the lens, of course, in other embodiments, the filter IR can also be an infrared pass filter for filtering visible light, only allowing infrared light to pass, and can be used for infrared camera shooting and the like. The first lens element L1 to the fourth lens element L4 are made of plastic, and in other embodiments, the lens elements may be made of glass or a mixture of glass and plastic, i.e., some of the lens elements are made of plastic and the other lens elements are made of glass. The effective pixel area of the photosensitive element is located on the imaging plane IMG.
Table 1a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of the present embodiment, in which the reference wavelength of the effective focal length of the lens is 555nm, the reference wavelengths of the refractive index and the abbe number of the lens are 587.5618nm, and the Y radius in table 1a is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface or the image-side surface at the optical axis 101 of the corresponding surface number. Surface numbers S1 and S2 are the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1, respectively, that is, in the same lens, the surface with the smaller surface number is the object side surface, and the surface with the larger surface number is the image side surface. The first value in the "thickness" parameter column of the first lens element L1 is the thickness of the lens element along the optical axis 101, and the second value is the distance from the image-side surface of the lens element to the next optical surface (the object-side surface or stop surface of the next lens element) along the optical axis 101. The units of the Y radius, thickness and effective focal length are millimeters (mm).
TABLE 1a
Figure BDA0003657572240000081
Wherein f is an effective focal length of the optical system, FNO is an f-number of the optical system, FOV is a maximum field angle of the optical system, and TTL is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens element to an imaging surface IMG of the optical system on the optical axis 101.
In this embodiment, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens element L1 through the fourth lens element L4 are aspheric, and in other embodiments, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens element L1 through the fourth lens element L4 may be both spherical or a combination of spherical and aspheric surfaces, for example, the object-side surface S1 of the first lens element is spherical and the image-side surface S2 of the first lens element is aspheric. Aspheric surface profile x can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface formula:
Figure BDA0003657572240000082
wherein x is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the plane tangent to the surface vertex, h is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis 101, c is the curvature of the aspheric surface vertex, k is the conic coefficient, and Ai is the coefficient corresponding to the i-th high-order term in the aspheric surface type formula. Table 1b shows the high-order coefficient a4, A6, A8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20, a22, a24, a26, a28, and a30 that can be used for the aspherical mirror surfaces S1 through S8 in the first embodiment.
TABLE 1b
Figure BDA0003657572240000083
Figure BDA0003657572240000091
Fig. 2 (a) shows a longitudinal spherical aberration curve of the optical system of the first embodiment at wavelengths of 650.0000nm, 610.0000nm, 587.5618nm, 510.0000nm and 470.0000nm, in which the abscissa in the X-axis direction represents the focus shift, the ordinate in the Y-axis direction represents the normalized field of view, and the longitudinal spherical aberration curve represents the convergent focus deviation of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the respective lenses of the optical system. As can be seen from fig. 2 (a), the spherical aberration value of the optical system in the first embodiment is better, which illustrates that the imaging quality of the optical system in this embodiment is better.
Fig. 2 (b) also shows a graph of astigmatism of the optical system of the first embodiment at a wavelength of 587.5618nm, in which the abscissa in the X-axis direction represents the focus shift and the ordinate in the Y-axis direction represents the half-image height in mm. The astigmatism curves represent the meridional imaging plane curvature T and the sagittal imaging plane curvature S. As can be seen from (b) of fig. 2, astigmatism of the optical system is well compensated.
Fig. 2 (c) also shows a distortion curve of the optical system of the first embodiment at a wavelength of 587.5618 nm. Wherein, the abscissa along the X-axis direction represents the focus offset, the ordinate along the Y-axis direction represents the half-image height, and the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from (c) in fig. 2, the distortion of the optical system is well corrected at a wavelength of 587.5618 nm.
As can be seen from (a), (b), and (c) in fig. 2, the optical system of the present embodiment has small aberration, good imaging quality, and good imaging quality.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the optical system of the present embodiment, in order from an object side to an image side, includes:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
Other structures of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 2a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
TABLE 2a
Figure BDA0003657572240000101
Table 2b gives the coefficients of high order terms that can be used for each aspherical mirror in the second embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 2b
Figure BDA0003657572240000102
Figure BDA0003657572240000111
FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the second embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane bending and sagittal imaging plane bending; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 4, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Third embodiment
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, in the optical system of the present embodiment, an object side to an image side sequentially include:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
Other structures of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 3a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
TABLE 3a
Figure BDA0003657572240000121
Table 3b gives the coefficients of high-order terms that can be used for each aspherical mirror surface in the third embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror surface type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 3b
Figure BDA0003657572240000122
Figure BDA0003657572240000131
FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the third embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane curvature and sagittal imaging plane curvature; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 6, the longitudinal spherical aberration, the curvature of field, and the distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Fourth embodiment
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the optical system of the present embodiment, the object side to the image side sequentially include:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
Other structures of the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 4a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
TABLE 4a
Figure BDA0003657572240000132
Figure BDA0003657572240000141
Table 4b gives the coefficients of high-order terms that can be used for each aspherical mirror surface in the fourth embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror surface type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 4b
Figure BDA0003657572240000142
FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the fourth embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane curvature and sagittal imaging plane curvature; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 8, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Fifth embodiment
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the optical system of the present embodiment, in order from an object side to an image side, includes:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
The other structure of the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 5a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
TABLE 5a
Figure BDA0003657572240000151
Table 5b shows the high-order term coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror in the fifth embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 5b
Figure BDA0003657572240000161
Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the fifth embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane curvature and sagittal imaging plane curvature; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 10, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Sixth embodiment
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the optical system of the present embodiment, in order from an object side to an image side, includes:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
Other structures of the sixth embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 6a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
TABLE 6a
Figure BDA0003657572240000171
Table 6b shows the high-order term coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror surface in the sixth embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror surface type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 6b
Figure BDA0003657572240000172
Figure BDA0003657572240000181
FIG. 12 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the sixth embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane bending and sagittal imaging plane bending; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 12, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Seventh embodiment
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the optical system of the present embodiment, in order from an object side to an image side, includes:
the first lens element L1 with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface S1 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S2 at a paraxial region 101 of the first lens element L1.
The second lens element L2 with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface S3 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S4 at a paraxial region 101 of the second lens element L2.
The third lens element L3 with positive refractive power has a concave object-side surface S5 at a paraxial region 101 and a convex image-side surface S6 at a paraxial region 101 of the third lens element L3.
The fourth lens element L4 with negative refractive power has a convex object-side surface S7 at a paraxial region 101 and a concave image-side surface S8 at a paraxial region 101 of the fourth lens element L4.
The other structure of the seventh embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and reference may be made thereto.
Table 7a shows a table of characteristics of the optical system of this embodiment, and the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of each parameter of the first embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
TABLE 7a
Figure BDA0003657572240000182
Figure BDA0003657572240000191
Table 7b shows the high-order term coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror surface in the seventh embodiment, wherein each aspherical mirror surface type can be defined by the formula given in the first embodiment.
TABLE 7b
Figure BDA0003657572240000192
Fig. 14 shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, and a distortion diagram of the optical system of the seventh embodiment, wherein the longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams represent the convergent focus deviations of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the respective lenses of the optical system; the astigmatism curves represent meridional imaging plane curvature and sagittal imaging plane curvature; the distortion curve represents the distortion magnitude values corresponding to different angles of view. As can be seen from the aberration diagram in fig. 14, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the optical system are well controlled, so that the optical system of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
Table 8 shows 0.85 in the optical lenses of the first to seventh embodiments<tan(HFOV)*Imgh/TTL<1、0.85mm -1 <Fno*tan(HFOV)/Imgh<0.95mm -1 、1.1<R31/R32<3.5、1.7<Fno*CT34/CT4<3.7、2.3mm 2 <f*EPD<2.8mm 2 、2.3<SD32/CT3<2.7、1.8mm<Imgh*sin(HFOV)<2mm、-17<SD42/SAG42<-5.5、4.5mm 2 <DL*f<5.5mm 2 、10mm 2 <f34*f<110mm 2 The value of (c).
TABLE 8
Figure BDA0003657572240000201
The optical system provided by each embodiment can realize a structural light and thin design and has a larger field angle.
Referring to fig. 15, an embodiment of the invention further provides a lens module 20, where the lens module 20 includes an optical system and a photo sensor chip in any of the embodiments, and the photo sensor chip is disposed on an image side of the optical system, and both of the photo sensor chip and the photo sensor chip can be fixed by a bracket. The photosensitive chip may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensor. Generally, the imaging plane IMG of the optical system overlaps the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive chip when assembled. By adopting the optical system, the lens module 20 can have a thinner and lighter structure and a larger field angle.
Referring to fig. 16, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device 30. The electronic device 30 includes a housing 310 and the lens module 20 in the foregoing embodiments, the lens module 20 is mounted on the housing 310, and the housing 310 may be a display screen, a circuit board, a middle frame, a rear cover, or the like. The electronic device 30 may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a smart watch, smart glasses, an e-book reader, a tablet computer, a biometric device (such as a fingerprint recognition device or a pupil recognition device), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), and the like. Since the lens module 20 can maintain good image quality while the overall length thereof is reduced, when the lens module 20 is used, the electronic device 30 can assemble the lens module 20 in a smaller space, so that the thickness of the device can be reduced while having a wider shooting range.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An optical system, comprising four lens elements with refractive power, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis:
a first lens element with positive refractive power; the object side surface of the first lens element is convex at a paraxial region, and the image side surface of the first lens element is concave at a paraxial region;
a second lens element with refractive power;
a third lens element with positive refractive power; the object-side surface of the third lens element is concave at paraxial region thereof, and the image-side surface thereof is convex at paraxial region thereof;
a fourth lens element with refractive power; the object side surface of the fourth lens element is convex at a paraxial region, and the image side surface of the fourth lens element is concave at a paraxial region;
the optical system satisfies the relation: 0.85< tan (hfov) > Imgh/TTL < 1;
the HFOV is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system, Imgh is half of the maximum field angle of the optical system corresponding to the image height, and TTL is the distance between the object side surface of the first lens and the imaging surface of the optical system on the optical axis.
2. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
0.85mm -1 <Fno*tan(HFOV)/Imgh<0.95mm -1 and/or 1.8mm<Imgh*sin(HFOV)<2mm;
Wherein Fno is an f-number of the optical system.
3. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
1.1<R31/R32<3.5;
wherein R31 is a radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis, and R32 is a radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third lens element at the optical axis.
4. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
1.7<Fno*CT34/CT4<3.7
wherein Fno is an f-number of the optical system, CT34 is an axial distance between the image-side surface of the third lens element and the object-side surface of the fourth lens element, and CT4 is an axial thickness of the fourth lens element.
5. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
2.3<SD32/CT3<2.7;
wherein SD32 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image-side surface of the third lens, and CT3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis.
6. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
-17<SD42/SAG42<-5.5;
wherein SD42 is the maximum effective half aperture of the image-side surface of the fourth lens, and SAG42 is the distance on the optical axis from the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the fourth lens to the intersection of the image-side surface of the fourth lens and the optical axis.
7. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
4.7mm 2 <DL*f<5.4mm 2
wherein DL is a distance between an object-side surface of the first lens element and an image-side surface of the fourth lens element on an optical axis, and f is an effective focal length of the optical system.
8. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship:
10mm 2 <f34*f<110mm 2
wherein f34 is a combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens, and f is an effective focal length of the optical system.
9. A lens module comprising the optical system of any one of claims 1 to 8 and a photo-sensor chip disposed on an image side of the optical system.
10. An electronic apparatus, characterized in that the electronic apparatus comprises a housing and the lens module according to claim 9, the lens module being disposed in the housing.
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