CN115112961A - Online detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of dust particle group - Google Patents
Online detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of dust particle group Download PDFInfo
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- CN115112961A CN115112961A CN202210774602.7A CN202210774602A CN115112961A CN 115112961 A CN115112961 A CN 115112961A CN 202210774602 A CN202210774602 A CN 202210774602A CN 115112961 A CN115112961 A CN 115112961A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0272—Investigating particle size or size distribution with screening; with classification by filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of dust particle groups, and belongs to the technical field of dust detection. The device comprises a dust collecting and screening area, a dust particle electrostatic characteristic testing area, a gas flow testing area, a dust particle concentration and particle size testing area and a data processing device; the dust collecting and screening area comprises a dust screening device and an electrostatic power supply; the dust particle electrostatic property test area comprises three improved Faraday cups and an electrometer; the gas flow test area adopts the flow of the dusty airflow of each channel measured by the flow sensor; the dust particle concentration and granularity test area is used for testing the dust particle concentration and granularity of each channel; and the data processing device calculates the charge quantity and charge-mass ratio information of the dust in each channel according to the granularity, concentration, charge quantity and airflow flow of the dust in each channel. The invention can realize accurate on-line monitoring of the electrostatic characteristic parameters and the charge-to-mass ratio of the dust particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dust detection, and relates to an online detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratios of dust particle groups.
Background
The electrostatic characteristic parameter measurement of dust group is a worldwide problem, and the currently common detection method is to sample and collect the dust, put the dust into a Faraday cylinder and realize the detection by adopting an electrometer. The particle mass is measured by adopting a light scattering method to separate positive and negative polarity dust of PM10 particles in the air, which is researched and developed by the Sian traffic university, so that the charge-to-mass ratio and the electrostatic characteristic parameters of the particles are obtained. According to the current research results, the electrostatic separation, the charge quantity detection and the quality detection of the particles are not unified, and the electrostatic characteristics and the charge-mass ratio of the dust particles are monitored on line.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for online detecting electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratios of dust particle groups, which solve the technical problem that the electrostatic characteristic parameters of dust particles cannot be online monitored at present, and integrate dust separation, charge measurement, mass measurement, and flow measurement, thereby realizing accurate online monitoring of the electrostatic characteristic parameters and the charge-to-mass ratios of the dust particles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an on-line detection device for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-mass ratio of dust particle groups comprises a dust collecting and screening area, a dust particle electrostatic characteristic test area, a gas flow test area, a dust particle concentration and particle size test area and a data processing device;
the dust collecting and screening area comprises a dust screening device and a high-voltage electrostatic power supply; the electrostatic power supply is loaded on the dust screening device, so that dust particles passing through the dust screening device are divided into dust particles with negative charges, dust particles without charges and dust particles with positive charges, and the dust particles are respectively output corresponding to A, B, C channels;
the dust particle electrostatic property test area comprises three improved Faraday cups and an electrometer; the three improved Faraday cages are respectively connected with A, B, C channel outlets; the electrometer is arranged on the improved Faraday cylinder and is used for monitoring the charge polarity and the charge quantity of the dust particles in real time;
the gas flow test area adopts the flow of the dusty gas flow of each channel measured by the flow sensor;
the dust particle concentration and granularity test area is used for testing the dust particle concentration and granularity of each channel;
and the data processing device calculates the charge quantity and charge-mass ratio information of the dust in each channel according to the granularity, concentration, charge quantity and airflow flow of the dust in each channel.
Further, the improved Faraday cylinder is cylindrical and comprises an induction inner cylinder, an insulating layer, a shielding outer cylinder, a shielding net and a wiring terminal;
the insulating layer is arranged between the induction inner cylinder and the shielding outer cylinder; the shielding nets are arranged at two ends of the shielding outer cylinder, namely are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet; the wiring terminal is arranged on the shielding outer cylinder; the shielding outer cylinder needs to be grounded.
Further, the calculation method of the data processing apparatus is specifically: and calculating negative charge dust information by the channel A, calculating uncharged dust information by the channel B, and calculating positive charge dust information by the channel C, so as to count the distribution proportion of dust charges with different polarities in the dusty airflow.
Further, the online detection method of the device specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: loading a high-voltage electrostatic power supply on the dust screening device, and sending the dust into the dust screening device;
s2: respectively connecting three electrometers to connecting terminals of three improved Faraday cages, and monitoring A, B, C the polarity and the charge quantity of dust particles in three channels in real time;
s3: connecting three flow sensors at the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cages respectively, and measuring A, B, C the flow of the dusty airflow in the three channels;
s4: the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cups are respectively connected with an air extraction pipeline, each pipeline is provided with a corresponding flow regulating valve and a dust particle concentration and particle size analyzer, and the dust particle concentrations and particle sizes of the three channels are measured A, B, C;
s5: and transmitting the data acquired by the electrometer, the flow sensor and the dust particle concentration and particle size analyzer of each channel to a data processing device, and calculating to obtain the charge quantity and charge-to-mass ratio information of the dust of each channel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention designs a separating device, a dust quality testing device, an air flow testing device and the like according to the dust electrostatic charge polarity difference, calculates the charge polarity distribution ratio of dust cloud particles and the charge-to-mass ratio parameter of the dust particles according to the analysis of a plurality of data sources, can obtain the electrostatic characteristic parameter of the dust particles and the time-space evolution rule of the charge-to-mass ratio along with the change of external environment parameters (humidity, temperature, pressure, particle flow rate, water content and the like), has great innovation, and lays a solid foundation for the improvement of the dust concentration detection precision and the enhancement of the field practicability by a charge induction method.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online electrostatic characteristic parameter and charge-to-mass ratio detecting device for a dust particle group according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises an improved Faraday cylinder, 101-an induction inner cylinder, 102-an insulating layer, 103-a wiring terminal, 104-a shielding net, 105-a shielding outer cylinder, 2-a high-voltage electrostatic power supply, 3-a dust screening device, 4-an electrometer, 5-a flow sensor, 6-a flow regulating valve, 7-a particulate matter concentration and granularity analyzer, 8-an air extraction pipeline and 9-a data processing device.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an online detection device for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of a dust particle group, which includes a dust collection and screening area, a dust particle electrostatic characteristic testing area, a gas flow testing area, a dust particle concentration and particle size testing area, and a data processing device.
The design requirement of a dust collecting and separating area is high, the test accuracy determined by the separation performance is high, a three-dimensional physical model of the dust collecting and separating equipment is firstly established, parameters such as the air exhaust flow rate and the gas flow velocity of a dust particle size analyzer are referred, a motion flow field of dust particles is simulated on the basis of fluid dynamics software, under the condition that an electrostatic field is not added, the dust in the separating area is in a laminar flow state, and all the dust particles pass through a channel B and do not enter a channel A, C. Under the action of a strong loading electric field, dust with negative charges moves towards the positive electrode direction, dust with positive charges moves towards the negative electrode direction, dust particles without charges do not change the movement track, and dust particles with different charge polarities are separated.
Dust particles with different polarities enter a dust static electricity testing area, a Pc-level high-precision KEYSIGHT Agilent B2985A high-resistance meter is adopted in the dust particle static electricity characteristic testing area, the charge measurement is as low as 2nC, the resolution is 6.5 bits, and the minimum measurement resolution of 0.01fA can meet the testing requirement. The electrometer is provided with an improved Faraday detection cylinder, a conventional cup-shaped Faraday cylinder is changed into a cylinder, and dense metal shielding nets are arranged at an air inlet and an air outlet, so that the interference of an external electromagnetic field is increased, and the charge polarity and the charge quantity of dust particles are monitored in real time.
The gas flow test area adopts a high-precision TSI 4100 flowmeter to measure the flow of the dusty gas flow, the measurement range is 0.01-20 Std L/min, the measurement error is 0.005Std L/min, the response time is 4ms, and the parameters can meet the experiment requirements; the particle size and concentration of dust particles are tested by a US TSI9306 particle counter to obtain the particle size and concentration information of the dust in each channel, the particle size testing range is 0.3-25 mu m, the flow rate is 2.83L/min, and the maximum particle counting range is 2,000,000/cubic foot. And uploading the particle size, concentration, electric charge amount and airflow flow information of the dust in each channel to a computer, and calculating the electric charge amount and charge-mass ratio information of the dust in each channel. And calculating negative charge dust information by the channel A, calculating uncharged dust information by the channel B, and calculating positive charge dust information by the channel C, so as to count the distribution proportion of dust charges with different polarities in the dusty airflow.
The online detection method of the device of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: loading a high-voltage electrostatic power supply 2 on a dust screening device 3, and sending dust into the dust screening device 3;
s2: three electrometers 4 are respectively connected to the wiring terminals 103 of the three improved Faraday cups 1, and the charge polarity and the charge quantity of dust particles in three channels are monitored A, B, C in real time;
s3: three flow sensors 5 are respectively connected to the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cups 1 to measure A, B, C flow rates of the dusty airflow in the three channels;
s4: the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cups 1 are respectively connected with an air suction pipeline, each pipeline is provided with a corresponding flow regulating valve 6 and a dust particle concentration and granularity analyzer 7, and the dust particle concentrations and the granularity of the three channels are measured A, B, C;
s5: and transmitting the data acquired by the electrometer 4, the flow sensor 5 and the dust particle concentration and granularity analyzer 7 of each channel to a data processing device 9, and calculating to obtain the charge quantity and charge-to-mass ratio information of the dust of each channel.
The device is applied to a comprehensive excavation simulation test analysis system in a laboratory, an improved coal dust electrostatic characteristic on-line analysis system test is carried out, and the electrostatic characteristic and charge-mass ratio evolution rule in the whole dust exposure-migration-sedimentation process can be determined by analyzing the test result.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a dust collecting and screening area, a dust particle static characteristic testing area, a gas flow testing area, a dust particle concentration and granularity testing area and a data processing device;
the dust collecting and screening area comprises a dust screening device and an electrostatic power supply; the electrostatic power supply is loaded on the dust screening device, so that dust particles passing through the dust screening device are divided into dust particles with negative charges, dust particles without charges and dust particles with positive charges, and the dust particles are respectively output corresponding to A, B, C channels;
the dust particle electrostatic property test area comprises three improved Faraday cups and an electrometer; the three improved Faraday cages are respectively connected with A, B, C channel outlets; the electrometer is arranged on the improved Faraday cylinder and is used for monitoring the charge polarity and the charge quantity of the dust particles in real time;
the gas flow test area adopts the flow of the dusty gas flow of each channel measured by a flow sensor;
the dust particle concentration and granularity test area is used for testing the dust particle concentration and granularity of each channel;
and the data processing device calculates the charge quantity and charge-mass ratio information of the dust in each channel according to the granularity, concentration, charge quantity and airflow flow of the dust in each channel.
2. The on-line electrostatic characteristic parameter and charge-to-mass ratio detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the improved faraday cage is cylindrical and comprises an induction inner cylinder, an insulating layer, a shielding outer cylinder, a shielding net and a wiring terminal;
the insulating layer is arranged between the induction inner cylinder and the shielding outer cylinder; the shielding nets are arranged at two ends of the shielding outer cylinder, namely are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet; the wiring terminal is arranged on the shielding outer cylinder; the shielding outer cylinder needs to be grounded.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data processing apparatus comprises: and calculating negative charge dust information by the channel A, calculating uncharged dust information by the channel B, and calculating positive charge dust information by the channel C, so as to count the distribution proportion of dust charges with different polarities in the dusty airflow.
4. The device for on-line detection of electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the on-line detection method of the device comprises the following steps:
s1: loading a high-voltage electrostatic power supply on the dust screening device, and sending the dust into the dust screening device;
s2: respectively connecting three electrometers to connecting terminals of three improved Faraday cages, and monitoring A, B, C the polarity and the charge quantity of dust particles in three channels in real time;
s3: connecting three flow sensors at the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cages respectively, and measuring A, B, C the flow of the dusty airflow in the three channels;
s4: the outlet ends of the three improved Faraday cups are respectively connected with an air extraction pipeline, each pipeline is provided with a corresponding flow regulating valve and a dust particle concentration and particle size analyzer, and the dust particle concentrations and particle sizes of the three channels are measured A, B, C;
s5: and transmitting the data acquired by the electrometer, the flow sensor and the dust particle concentration and particle size analyzer of each channel to a data processing device, and calculating to obtain the charge quantity and charge-to-mass ratio information of the dust of each channel.
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| CN202210774602.7A CN115112961A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Online detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of dust particle group |
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| CN202210774602.7A CN115112961A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Online detection device and method for electrostatic characteristic parameters and charge-to-mass ratio of dust particle group |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117030552A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-10 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Smoke concentration detector based on electrostatic induction and detection method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-07-01 CN CN202210774602.7A patent/CN115112961A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117030552A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-10 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Smoke concentration detector based on electrostatic induction and detection method thereof |
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