CN115110794A - Device for improving bearing capacity of ancient building wooden tower and determining method and verifying method thereof - Google Patents
Device for improving bearing capacity of ancient building wooden tower and determining method and verifying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115110794A CN115110794A CN202210632369.9A CN202210632369A CN115110794A CN 115110794 A CN115110794 A CN 115110794A CN 202210632369 A CN202210632369 A CN 202210632369A CN 115110794 A CN115110794 A CN 115110794A
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G2023/0248—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of elements made of wood
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building, a determination method and a verification method thereof, wherein the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building comprises the following steps: a guy cable, a stay bar and a hoop; the quantity of hoop is three, and wherein two are installed on the upper strata post of ancient building wooden tower, and the other one is installed on lower floor's post, and the vaulting pole is installed on the hoop of the upper strata post below of ancient building wooden tower, and the both ends of cable are connected with the hoop of the upper strata post top of ancient building wooden tower and the hoop on the lower floor's post respectively, and the middle part is connected with the vaulting pole. The wooden column on the upper layer and the wooden column on the lower layer of the ancient building wooden tower are reinforced through the inhaul cable, the original ancient building wooden column structure is not damaged, the horizontal bearing capacity of the original structure can be improved, the principle that the cultural relic building is repaired and protected to be minimally interfered and reversible is realized, and meanwhile, the safety performance of the cultural relic is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety and stability of ancient building wooden tower structures, in particular to a device for improving bearing capacity of an ancient building wooden tower and a determining method and a verifying method thereof.
Background
The ancient building timber structure realizes component connection through mortise and tenon joint, bucket arch connection structure and the frictional force that produces in the construction process to form the structural system who has bearing capacity. The historic building timber structure is characterized in that the bucket arch is high in rigidity, and the upright posts and the beam between the posts are connected through mortise and tenon joints, so that the connection rigidity is relatively weak. After hundreds of years of deterioration damage or external load action, the upright post cannot be recovered after slippage and dislocation deformation, and the building safety is seriously influenced. The reinforcing technology of the body of a plurality of modern buildings invaded into the building is not suitable for the ancient buildings due to the historical cultural value borne by the wooden structure of the ancient buildings. The reinforced historic building has the bearing capacity and the deformation capacity which can ensure the safety of the building structure.
Common maintenance schemes aiming at the wooden tower structure of the historic building comprise an integral support reinforcement scheme, a scheme of erecting the upper part of a tower frame for lifting, a scheme of additionally arranging auxiliary columns, a scheme of arranging inclined supports or crossed inhaul cables for reinforcement and the like.
The above schemes have advantages and disadvantages, such as a hearth type jacking scheme and a scheme of erecting the upper part of the tower frame to lift can cause great influence and even damage to the existing buildings and damage to the cultural and historical values of the ancient buildings; the reinforcing effect of schemes such as adding auxiliary columns, arranging inclined struts or crossed inhaul cables for reinforcement and the like is yet to be verified.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention designs a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building, which comprises: a guy cable, a stay bar and a hoop; the number of the hoops is three, two hoops are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of a first wood column in the historic building wood tower, and one hoop is arranged at the top of a second wood column in the historic building wood tower; the brace rod is of a triangular structure, one corner of the triangular structure is arranged on the hoop at the bottom of the first wood column, the brace rod inclines upwards by 15-20 degrees, and the other two corners of the triangular structure are provided with cable clamps; one end of the inhaul cable is connected with the hoop at the top of the first wood column, the middle of the inhaul cable is connected with the cable clamp, and the other end of the inhaul cable is connected with the hoop at the top of the second wood column.
Preferably, the cable clamp comprises a cable clamp connecting piece and a sub cable clamp; the cable clamp comprises two sub cable clamps, a cable clamp hole, a cable clamp connecting piece and a cable clamp connecting piece, wherein the number of the sub cable clamps is two, the two sub cable clamps are structurally matched, the cable clamp hole is formed in the middle of the two sub cable clamps, the cable is arranged in the cable clamp hole, and the two sub cable clamps are connected through the cable clamp connecting piece; the hoop is provided with a first connecting piece, the inhaul cable is provided with a second connecting piece and a third connecting piece, and the stay bar is provided with a fourth connecting piece; the stay cable is connected with the hoop through the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece, and the stay bar is connected with the hoop through the first connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece.
Based on the unified design idea, the invention also provides a determination method of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring the elastic modulus, compressive strength, longitudinal grain strength, transverse grain strength and material volume weight of the wooden column in the wooden tower of the historic building, and determining the material of the inhaul cable according to the elastic modulus, compressive strength, longitudinal grain strength, transverse grain strength and material volume weight of the wooden column in the wooden tower of the historic building; s2, acquiring the geometric dimension information of the historic building wooden tower, and establishing a historic building simulation analysis model according to the geometric dimension information of the historic building wooden tower, the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal grain strength, the transverse grain strength and the material volume weight of wood; s3, establishing a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building on the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and selecting the diameter of the stay cable according to the determined stay cable material; s4, applying a horizontal load to the top of the wood column in the historic building simulation analysis model, and continuously increasing the horizontal load value until the structure can not bear a larger load, so as to obtain a P-D curve of the horizontal load applied to the top of the wood column and the horizontal deformation of the top of the wood column; s5, obtaining the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column and the breakage point of the wood column according to the P-D curve; s6, judging whether the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column and the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable at the breakage point of the wood column meet the requirements or not, if not, increasing the diameter of the inhaul cable, and repeating the steps S3-S6 until the requirements are met.
Preferably, the step S1 of obtaining the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal strength, the transverse strength and the material volume weight of the wooden pillar in the wooden tower of the historic building, and determining the material of the guy cable according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal strength, the transverse strength and the material volume weight of the wooden pillar in the wooden tower of the historic building includes the following steps: s1.1, acquiring the elastic modulus and compressive strength of a wood column in the wooden tower of the historic building by adopting a nondestructive or micro-damage detection method; s1.2, selecting wood with the same elastic modulus and compressive strength as those of wood columns in the wooden tower of the historic building, and detecting and obtaining the level grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood; s1.3, calculating the material strength and the elastic modulus which need to be met by the material adopted by the inhaul cable according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the straight grain strength, the transverse grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood, and selecting and determining the material of the inhaul cable from the materials with the material strength and the elastic modulus.
Preferably, the step S3 of building a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building on the simulation analysis model of the historic building includes the following steps: respectively establishing a hoop in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of the historic building at the top and the bottom of a first wooden column in the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and establishing a hoop at the top of a second wooden column in the simulation analysis model of the historic building wooden tower; establishing a stay bar in a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the ancient building wooden tower, installing the stay bar on a hoop at the bottom of a first wooden column through a first connecting piece and a fourth connecting piece in the simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the ancient building wooden tower, and controlling the stay bar to incline upwards by 15-20 degrees; establishing a guy cable in a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building, and installing one end of the guy cable on a hoop at the top of a first wooden column through a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a third connecting piece; arranging the middle part of the inhaul cable in a cable clamp hole in the middle part between two sub cable clamps in the cable clamp at the end part of the stay bar, and connecting the two sub cable clamps through a connecting piece; and the other end of the inhaul cable is arranged on a hoop at the top of the second wood column through the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece.
Preferably, the step S3 of selecting the diameter of the cable according to the determined cable material includes the following steps: selecting the diameter of the cable according to the material of the cable, and calculating the ultimate tensile strength sigma of the cable according to the material and the diameter of the cable u And calculating the tensile stress sigma borne by each inhaul cable and judging whether the sigma is less than or equal to 0.2 sigma u And if the diameter of the stay rope is not met, increasing the diameter of the large stay rope and repeating the step, and if the diameter of the stay rope is met, performing the next step.
Preferably, the step S5 of obtaining the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the timber pillar, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the timber pillar and the breaking point of the timber pillar according to the P-D curve includes the following steps: let X point be any point on P-D curve, and define the area of the triangle formed by the connection line of the original point O and X, the perpendicular line passing through X point and D axis and the D axis as f 1 (s) the area defined by the curve between the origin O and the X point, the perpendicular line passing through the X point and the D axis, and the D axis 2 (s), let γ = f 1 （s）/f 2 (s); s5.1, taking a point { A ] on the P-D curve 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n And calculates the point { A } 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n The gamma values of { gamma } are respectively 1 ，γ 2 ，……，γ i ，……，γ n N is more than or equal to 50; s5.2, selecting and selecting { gamma i ，……，γ n All is smaller than Δ and γ i-1 Not less than i-1 And will point A i-1 Recording the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden pole, wherein the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity is equal to or less than 0.98 at a rate of 0.96; s5.3, connecting the origin O and the point A i-1 Connecting and extending, making the perpendicular line of the P axis in the P-D curve, the original point O and the point A through the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M i-1 The extension line of the connecting line is intersected with the point B, the perpendicular line of the axis D in the P-D curve passing through the point B is intersected with the P-D curve at the point Y, and the point Y is marked as the horizontal bearing capacity yield of the wood columnPoint; and S5.4, marking the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M as a wood column damage point.
Preferably, the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden pillar, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wooden pillar and the tensile stress σ borne by the guy cable at the breaking point of the wooden pillar in the step S6 need to satisfy the following requirements: at the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.4 sigma u Where σ is u The ultimate tensile strength of the stay cable; at the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.6 sigma u (ii) a The tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable at the damage point of the wood column is required to meet the requirement that sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.8 sigma u 。
Based on the unified design idea, the invention also provides a verification method of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building, which comprises the following steps: step one, under the condition that a device for improving the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower is installed on the historic building wooden tower, calculating the yield horizontal bearing capacity P according to a P-D curve in the determination method and the horizontal bearing capacity yield point and the breakage point of a wooden column in the determination method y Yield horizontal deformation value D y Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D u And according to the bearing capacity safety coefficient beta 1 And ductility of deformation safety factor beta 2 Calculating the Stable horizontal bearing force P k And horizontal deformability [ theta ] k Wherein the bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 The value range is 1.3-1.6, and the deformation ductility safety coefficient beta 2 The value range is generally 1.3-1.8; step two, under the condition that the historic building wooden tower is not provided with a device for improving the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower, repeating the steps S4 and S5 in the determining method, and calculating the yield horizontal bearing capacity P of the wooden column y0 Yield level deformation value D of wood column y0 Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u0 And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D of the wood column u0 According to a bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 And ductility of deformation safety factor beta 2 Calculating the horizontal bearing capacity P of the stabilizing timber column k0 And horizontal deformability of the wood column k0 (ii) a Step three, calculating the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building during the installation of the wooden tower of the historic buildingRear horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient ζ 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 And according to the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient Zeta 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The use effect of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building is verified.
Preferably, the steady horizontal bearing force P k Horizontal deformability [ theta ] k Horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient ζ 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The calculation formulas of (a) and (b) are respectively as follows:
P k =min（P y ，P u /β 1 ）；
θ k =min[D y /H，D u /（H*β 2 ）]；
ζ 1 = P k /P k0 ；
η 1 =θ k /θ k0 ；
wherein H is the height of the wood column.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building reinforces the upper-layer wooden column and the lower-layer wooden column of the wooden tower of the historic building through the inhaul cable, does not damage the original wooden column structure of the historic building, can improve the horizontal bearing capacity of the original structure, realizes the principle of minimum intervention and reversibility in maintenance and protection of cultural relics, and improves the safety performance of the cultural relics.
2. The determining method of the invention calculates the most appropriate specification of the guy cable by establishing the simulation analysis model of the historic building wooden tower and the simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower and carefully calculating, thereby avoiding the influence on the use effect caused by the improper specification.
3. According to the verification method, the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient and the deformation ductility change coefficient of the historic building wooden tower provided with the device for lifting the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower are compared with those of the historic building wooden tower not provided with the device for lifting the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower, so that the effect of using the device can be judged, and the effect can be seen at a glance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the ancient building wooden tower.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the cable and the ferrule of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the stay and the stay of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cord clip of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of the connection of a strut to a hoop according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the application of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the horizontal load P and the horizontal deformation D according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-stay cable, 2-first connecting piece, 3-cable clamp, 4-stay bar, 5-hoop, 6-first wood column, 7-second wood column, 8-second connecting piece, 9-third connecting piece, 10-cable clamp connecting piece, 11-sub-cable clamp, 12-cable clamp hole and 13-fourth connecting piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a device for increasing the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building, comprising: the cable comprises a stay cable 1, a stay bar 4 and a hoop 5; the number of the hoops 5 is three, two hoops 5 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of a first wood column 6 in the historic building wood tower, and one hoop 5 is arranged at the top of a second wood column 7 in the historic building wood tower; the brace rod 4 is of a triangular structure, one corner of the triangular structure is arranged on the hoop 5 at the bottom of the first wood column 6, the brace rod 4 inclines upwards by 15-20 degrees, and the other two corners of the triangular structure are respectively provided with the cable clamp 3; one end of the inhaul cable 1 is connected with a hoop 5 at the top of the first wood column 6, the middle of the inhaul cable 1 is connected with the cable clamp 3, and the other end of the inhaul cable 1 is connected with the hoop 5 at the top of the second wood column 7.
In a preferred embodiment, the cable clamp 3 comprises a cable clamp connector 10 and a sub-cable clamp 11; the number of the sub cable clips 11 is two, the two sub cable clips 11 are matched in structure, a cable clip hole 12 is formed in the middle of each sub cable clip 11, the inhaul cable 1 is arranged in the cable clip hole 12, and the two sub cable clips 11 are connected through a cable clip connecting piece 10; the hoop 5 is provided with a first connecting piece 2, the inhaul cable 1 is provided with a second connecting piece 8 and a third connecting piece 9, and the stay bar 4 is provided with a fourth connecting piece 13; the inhaul cable 1 is connected with the hoop 5 through the first connecting piece 2, the second connecting piece 8 and the third connecting piece 9, and the stay bar 4 is connected with the hoop 5 through the first connecting piece 2 and the fourth connecting piece 13.
Preferably, the hoop is formed by customizing and bending a whole steel plate with the width of 50-70 mm and the thickness of 5-8 mm according to the diameter of a wood column, the inner diameter of the hoop is consistent with the diameter of the wood column, and the end part of the hoop is fixed on the wood column through a bolt. The stay cable is a whole uninterrupted stay cable, the stay rod is a circular steel tube with the diameter of 60-100 mm and the wall thickness of 5-10 mm, the end part of the steel tube is closed by welding a steel plate with the same thickness as the steel tube, the diameter of the cable clamp hole is 1-2 mm larger than that of the stay cable, and the hoop, the stay cable, the stay rod and the cable clamp are all made of metal materials.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for determining a device for improving bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building, which comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal grain strength, the transverse grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood column in the historic building wood tower, and determining the material of the inhaul cable 1 according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal grain strength, the transverse grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood column in the historic building wood tower: s1.1, acquiring the elastic modulus and the compressive strength of the wood column in the wooden tower of the historic building by adopting a nondestructive or micro-damage detection method. S1.2, selecting wood with the same elastic modulus and compressive strength as those of wood columns in the wooden tower of the historic building, and detecting and obtaining the level grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood. S1.3, calculating the material strength and the elastic modulus which need to be met by the material adopted by the inhaul cable 1 according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood, and selecting and determining the material of the inhaul cable 1 from the materials meeting the material strength and the elastic modulus.
And S2, acquiring and obtaining the geometric dimension information of the historic building wood structure by adopting a field measurement technology and/or a three-dimensional scanning technology. And establishing an ancient building simulation analysis model according to the geometric dimension information of the ancient building wooden tower, the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the straight grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood. Establishing three-dimensional entity discrete analysis models of components such as an ancient building timber column, an ancient building timber beam, an upper part arch of the column, an appendix, a common row of purlin and the like, a lower part dark layer cross beam of the column, a lower layer timber column and a device for improving the safety and stability of the ancient building timber column through three-dimensional modeling software; the analysis model is provided with contact connection between the wood members, including setting friction coefficient. ANSYS and ABAQUS finite element software are preferably adopted for modeling and analysis.
S3, establishing a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building on the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and selecting the diameter of the stay rope 1 according to the determined material of the stay rope 1. Wherein, establish the simulation analysis model of the device that promotes ancient building wooden tower bearing capacity on ancient building simulation analysis model, including following step: respectively establishing a hoop 5 in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of the historic building at the top and the bottom of a first wooden column 6 in the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and establishing a hoop 5 at the top of a second wooden column 7 in the simulation analysis model of the historic building wooden tower; establishing a stay bar 4 in a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the ancient building wooden tower, installing the stay bar 4 on a hoop 5 at the bottom of a first wooden column 6 through a first connecting piece 2 and a fourth connecting piece 13 in the simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the ancient building wooden tower, and controlling the stay bar 4 to incline upwards by 15-20 degrees; establishing a guy cable 1 in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building, and installing one end of the guy cable 1 on a hoop 5 at the top of a first wooden column 6 through a first connecting piece 2, a second connecting piece 8 and a third connecting piece 9; the middle part of the inhaul cable 1 is arranged in a cable clamp hole 12 in the middle part between two sub cable clamps 11 in the cable clamp 3 at the end part of the stay bar 4, and the two sub cable clamps 11 are connected through a connecting piece 10; the other end of the inhaul cable 1 is installed on the hoop 5 on the top of the second wood column 7 through the first connecting piece 2, the second connecting piece 8 and the third connecting piece 9. Selecting the diameter of the cable 1 according to the determined material of the cable 1, and comprising the following steps: the diameter of the cable 1 is selected according to the material of the cable 1, the material of the cable 1 andultimate tensile strength sigma of diameter calculation guy cable 1 u And calculating the tensile stress sigma borne by each inhaul cable 1 and judging whether the sigma is less than or equal to 0.2 sigma u If the diameter of the large inhaul cable 1 is not met, the diameter of the large inhaul cable 1 is increased, the step is repeated, and if the diameter of the large inhaul cable is met, the next step is carried out. The cable force deviation rectifying efficiency is in positive correlation with the length of the stay bar, and the length of the stay bar takes the principle that the appearance of the wood structure of the historic building is not influenced. Determining the cable force of the stay cable according to the horizontal bearing capacity improvement coefficient zeta of the wooden column, and ensuring that the tensile stress sigma borne by the stay cable is less than or equal to 0.2 sigma u （σ u Is the limit value of tensile strength of the cable), the diameter D of the cable is determined.
S4, applying a horizontal load to the top of the wood column in the historic building simulation analysis model, and continuously increasing the horizontal load value until the structure can not bear a larger load any more, so as to obtain a P-D curve of the horizontal load applied to the top of the wood column and the horizontal deformation of the top of the wood column, as shown in figure 7. The analysis is solved by adopting a Newton-Raphson nonlinear iteration method, the geometric nonlinear influence of a structural system is taken into account, and the wood column adopts an elasto-plastic mechanical model.
And S5, obtaining the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column and the breakage point of the wood column according to the P-D curve. The calculation formula is as follows: let X point be any point on P-D curve, and define the area of the triangle formed by the connection line of the original point O and X, the perpendicular line passing through X point and D axis and the D axis as f 1 (s) the area defined by the curve between the origin O and the X point, the perpendicular line passing through the X point and the D axis, and the D axis 2 (s), let γ = f 1 （s）/f 2 (s). The calculation comprises the following steps: s5.1, taking a point { A ] on the P-D curve 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n And calculates the point { A } 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n The gamma values of { gamma } are respectively 1 ，γ 2 ，……，γ i ，……，γ n Wherein n is more than or equal to 50. S5.2, selecting { gamma i ，……，γ n All is smaller than Δ and γ i-1 Not less than i-1 And will point A i-1 And recording the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden pole, wherein the Δ is more than or equal to 0.96 and less than or equal to 0.98. S5.3, mixingPoint O and point A i-1 Connecting and extending, making the perpendicular line of the P axis in the P-D curve, the original point O and the point A through the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M i-1 And intersecting the extension line of the connecting line with a point B, intersecting the perpendicular line of the axis D in the P-D curve passing through the point B with the P-D curve at a point Y, and marking the point Y as the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column. And S5.4, marking the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M as a wood column damage point.
S6, judging whether the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wooden column and the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable 1 at the breakage point of the wooden column meet the requirements or not, if not, increasing the diameter of the inhaul cable 1, and repeating the steps S3-S6 until the requirements are met. The requirement that the tensile stress sigma needs to meet is as follows: at the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.4 sigma u Where σ is u The ultimate tensile strength of the stay cable (1); at the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.6 sigma u (ii) a The tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) at the breaking point of the wood column is required to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.8 sigma u 。
Example 3
The invention provides a verification method of a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building, which comprises the following steps:
step one, under the condition that the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building is installed on the wooden tower of the ancient building, calculating the yield horizontal bearing capacity P according to the P-D curve in the determination method in the embodiment 1, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wooden column in the determination method and the damage point of the wooden column y Yield horizontal deformation value D y Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D u And according to the bearing capacity safety coefficient beta 1 And ductility of deformation safety factor beta 2 Calculating the Stable horizontal bearing force P k And horizontal deformability [ theta ] k Wherein the bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 The value range is 1.3-1.6, and the deformation ductility safety coefficient beta 2 The value range is generally 1.3-1.8.
Step two, not installing and lifting bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building on the wooden tower of the historic buildingIn the case of the device (2), S4 and S5 of the determination method of example 2 were repeated, and the yield level bearing force P of the wooden pillar was calculated y0 Yield level deformation value D of wood column y0 Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u0 And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D of the wood column u0 According to a bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 And ductility of deformation safety factor beta 2 Calculating the horizontal bearing capacity P of the stabilizing timber column k0 And horizontal deformability of the wood column k0 . Wherein the stable horizontal bearing capacity P k And horizontal deformability [ theta ] k The calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
P k =min（P y ，P u /β 1 ）；
θ k =min[D y /H，D u /（H*β 2 ）]；
wherein H is the height of the wood column.
Step three, calculating the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient zeta of the historic building wooden tower after the device for lifting the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower is installed 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 And according to the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient Zeta 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The use effect of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building is verified. Wherein the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient ζ 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The calculation formulas of (a) and (b) are respectively as follows:
ζ 1 = P k /P k0 ；
η 1 =θ k /θ k0 。
determination method, horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient ζ 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 A value of more than 1 proves effective, and a larger value proves more effective.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as filed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a promote device of ancient building wooden tower bearing capacity which characterized in that includes: the cable comprises a guy cable (1), a stay bar (4) and a hoop (5);
the number of the hoops (5) is three, two hoops (5) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of a first wood column (6) in the wooden tower of the historic building, the other hoop (5) is arranged at the top of a second wood column (7) in the wooden tower of the historic building, and the first wood column (6) is positioned above the second wood column (7);
the brace rod (4) is of a triangular structure, one corner of the triangular structure is arranged on the hoop (5) at the bottom of the first wood column (6), the brace rod (4) inclines upwards by 15-20 degrees, and cable clamps (3) are arranged at the other two corners of the triangular structure;
one end of the inhaul cable (1) is connected with the hoop (5) at the top of the first wood column (6), the middle of the inhaul cable (1) is connected with the cable clamp (3), and the other end of the inhaul cable (1) is connected with the hoop (5) at the top of the second wood column (7).
2. The device for improving the bearing capacity of wooden towers in ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable clamp (3) comprises a cable clamp connector (10) and a sub cable clamp (11); the cable clamp comprises two sub cable clamps (11), wherein the two sub cable clamps (11) are structurally matched, a cable clamp hole (12) is formed in the middle of each sub cable clamp (11), the inhaul cable (1) is arranged in the cable clamp hole (12), and the two sub cable clamps (11) are connected through a cable clamp connecting piece (10);
a first connecting piece (2) is arranged on the hoop (5), a second connecting piece (8) and a third connecting piece (9) are arranged on the inhaul cable (1), and a fourth connecting piece (13) is arranged on the stay bar (4); the inhaul cable (1) is connected with the hoop (5) through the first connecting piece (2), the second connecting piece (8) and the third connecting piece (9), and the support rod (4) is connected with the hoop (5) through the first connecting piece (2) and the fourth connecting piece (13).
3. A method for determining a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring the elastic modulus, compressive strength, longitudinal grain strength, transverse grain strength and material volume weight of the wooden column in the wooden tower of the historic building, and determining the material of the inhaul cable (1) according to the elastic modulus, compressive strength, longitudinal grain strength, transverse grain strength and material volume weight of the wooden column in the wooden tower of the historic building;
s2, acquiring the geometric dimension information of the historic building wooden tower, and establishing a historic building simulation analysis model according to the geometric dimension information of the historic building wooden tower, the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal grain strength, the transverse grain strength and the material volume weight of wood;
s3, establishing a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building on the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and selecting the diameter of the stay rope (1) according to the determined material of the stay rope (1);
s4, applying a horizontal load to the top of the wood column in the historic building simulation analysis model, and continuously increasing the horizontal load value until the structure can not bear a larger load, so as to obtain a P-D curve of the horizontal load applied to the top of the wood column and the horizontal deformation of the top of the wood column;
s5, obtaining the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column and the breakage point of the wood column according to the P-D curve;
s6, judging whether the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column and the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) at the breakage point of the wood column meet the requirements or not, if not, enlarging the diameter of the inhaul cable (1), and repeating the steps S3-S6 until the requirements are met.
4. The determination method according to claim 3, wherein the step S1 of obtaining the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal strength, the transverse strength and the material volume weight of the wooden pillar in the ancient building wooden tower, and determining the material of the stay cable (1) according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the longitudinal strength, the transverse strength and the material volume weight of the wooden pillar in the ancient building wooden tower comprises the following steps:
s1.1, acquiring the elastic modulus and compressive strength of a wood column in the wooden tower of the historic building by adopting a nondestructive or micro-damage detection method;
s1.2, selecting wood with the same elastic modulus and compressive strength as those of wood columns in the wooden tower of the historic building, and detecting and obtaining the level grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood;
s1.3, calculating the material strength and the elastic modulus which need to be met by the material adopted by the inhaul cable (1) according to the elastic modulus, the compressive strength, the grain strength, the cross grain strength and the material volume weight of the wood, and selecting and determining the material of the inhaul cable (1) from the materials meeting the material strength and the elastic modulus.
5. The method for determining as set forth in claim 3, wherein the step S3 of building a simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient architecture on the simulation analysis model of the ancient architecture comprises the steps of:
respectively establishing a hoop (5) in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of the historic building at the top and the bottom of a first wooden column (6) in the simulation analysis model of the historic building, and establishing the hoop (5) at the top of a second wooden column (7) in the simulation analysis model of the historic building wooden tower;
establishing a stay bar (4) in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building, installing the stay bar (4) on the hoop (5) at the bottom of the first wooden column (6) through a first connecting piece (2) and a fourth connecting piece (13) in the simulation analysis model of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building, and controlling the stay bar (4) to incline upwards by 15-20 degrees;
establishing a guy cable (1) in a simulation analysis model of a device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the ancient building, and installing one end of the guy cable (1) on a hoop (5) at the top of a first wooden column (6) through a first connecting piece (2), a second connecting piece (8) and a third connecting piece (9); the middle part of a stay cable (1) is arranged in a cable clamp hole (12) in the middle part between two sub cable clamps (11) in a cable clamp (3) at the end part of a stay bar (4), and the two sub cable clamps (11) are connected through a connecting piece (10); and the other end of the inhaul cable (1) is arranged on the hoop (5) at the top of the second wood column (7) through the first connecting piece (2), the second connecting piece (8) and the third connecting piece (9).
6. A determination method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the step S3 of selecting the diameter of the stay (1) according to the determined material of the stay (1) comprises the steps of:
selecting the diameter of the cable (1) according to the material of the cable (1), and calculating the ultimate tensile strength sigma of the cable (1) according to the material and the diameter of the cable (1) u And calculating the tensile stress sigma borne by each inhaul cable (1) and judging whether the sigma is less than or equal to 0.2 sigma u If the diameter of the large guy cable (1) is not satisfied, the diameter of the large guy cable is increased and the step is repeated, and if the diameter of the large guy cable is satisfied, the next step is carried out.
7. The method for determining as set forth in claim 3, wherein the step S5 of obtaining the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden pillar, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wooden pillar and the breakage point of the wooden pillar according to the P-D curve comprises the steps of:
let X point be any point on P-D curve, and define the area of the triangle formed by the connection line of the original point O and X, the perpendicular line passing through X point and D axis and the D axis as f 1 (s) the area defined by the curve between the origin O and the X point, the perpendicular line passing through the X point and the D axis, and the D axis 2 (s), let γ = f 1 （s）/f 2 （s）；
S5.1, taking a point { A ] on the P-D curve 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n And calculates a point { A } 1 ，A 2 ，……，A i ，……，A n The gamma values of { gamma } are respectively 1 ，γ 2 ，……，γ i ，……，γ n H, n is more than or equal to 50;
s5.2, selecting and selecting { gamma i ，……，γ n All is smaller than Δ and γ i-1 Not less than i-1 And will point A i-1 Recording the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wooden pole, wherein the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity is equal to or less than 0.98 at a rate of 0.96;
s5.3, connecting the origin O and the point A i-1 Connecting and extending, making the perpendicular line of the P axis in the P-D curve, the original point O and the point A through the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M i-1 The extension line of the connecting line is intersected with a point B, a perpendicular line of a D axis in a P-D curve is made through the point B and is intersected with the P-D curve at a point Y, and the point Y is marked as a horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column;
and S5.4, marking the horizontal bearing capacity extreme point M as a wood column damage point.
8. The determination method according to claim 3, wherein the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the timber pillar, the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the timber pillar and the tensile stress σ borne by the guy cable (1) at the breakage point of the timber pillar in the step S6 are required to satisfy the following requirements:
at the maximum linear horizontal bearing capacity performance point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.4 sigma u Where σ is u The ultimate tensile strength of the inhaul cable (1);
at the horizontal bearing capacity yield point of the wood column, the tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) needs to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.6 sigma u ；
The tensile stress sigma borne by the inhaul cable (1) at the breaking point of the wood column is required to meet the requirement that the sigma is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.8 sigma u 。
9. A verification method of a device for improving the bearing capacity of a wooden tower of an ancient building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, under the condition that a device for improving the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower is installed on the historic building wooden tower, calculating the yield horizontal bearing capacity P according to a P-D curve in the determination method and the horizontal bearing capacity yield point and the breakage point of a wooden column in the determination method y Yield horizontal deformation value D y Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D u And according to the bearing capacity safety coefficient beta 1 And ductility factor of deformation beta 2 Meter for measuringCalculating the stable horizontal bearing capacity P k And horizontal deformability [ theta ] k Wherein the bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 The value range is 1.3-1.6, and the deformation ductility safety coefficient beta 2 The value range is generally 1.3-1.8;
step two, under the condition that the historic building wooden tower is not provided with a device for improving the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower, repeating the steps S4 and S5 in the determination method, and calculating the yield level bearing capacity P of the wooden column y0 Yield level deformation value D of wood column y0 Ultimate horizontal bearing capacity P u0 And the ultimate horizontal deformation value D of the wood column u0 According to a bearing capacity safety factor beta 1 And ductility of deformation safety factor beta 2 Calculating the horizontal bearing capacity P of the stabilizing timber column k0 And horizontal deformability of the wood column k0 ；
Step three, calculating the horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient zeta of the historic building wooden tower after the device for lifting the bearing capacity of the historic building wooden tower is installed 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 And increases coefficient ζ according to horizontal bearing capacity 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The use effect of the device for improving the bearing capacity of the wooden tower of the historic building is verified.
10. Method of verification according to claim 9, characterized in that the stable horizontal bearing force P k Horizontal deformability [ theta ] k And horizontal bearing capacity lifting coefficient zeta 1 And coefficient of variation of ductility of deformation eta 1 The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
P k =min（P y ，P u /β 1 ）；
θ k =min[D y /H，D u /（H*β 2 ）]；
ζ 1 = P k /P k0 ；
η 1 =θ k /θ k0 ；
wherein H is the height of the wood column.
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