CN115110119B - Temperature control method and device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system - Google Patents
Temperature control method and device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115110119B CN115110119B CN202210699247.1A CN202210699247A CN115110119B CN 115110119 B CN115110119 B CN 115110119B CN 202210699247 A CN202210699247 A CN 202210699247A CN 115110119 B CN115110119 B CN 115110119B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
- C25B15/025—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production of electrolyte parameters
- C25B15/027—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/67—Heating or cooling means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature control method and device of a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system. The temperature control method of the hydrogen production system comprises the following steps: acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of a cooling circulation pump; if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process; wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting an initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and a temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank. The embodiment of the invention can reduce the hysteresis of the temperature control of the hydrogen production system and improve the temperature control precision of the hydrogen production system and the efficiency of the electrolytic tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a temperature control method and device of a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system.
Background
The electrolytic hydrogen producing system is one system with water as material and comprising electrolyzer, gas separator, cooling circulation pump, etc. and is used in producing high purity hydrogen. The temperature of the electrolytic tank directly influences the electrolytic efficiency, and the too low temperature of the electrolytic tank can increase the resistance of the electrolyte and increase the electric energy consumption of the electrolytic hydrogen production; the temperature of the electrolytic tank is too high, which can damage the electrolytic diaphragm and easily cause the over-temperature shutdown of the hydrogen production system. Thermal management is therefore critical to hydrogen production systems. The existing temperature control method of the hydrogen production system is single-loop control for adjusting the opening of the regulating valve at the outlet of the cooling circulation pump according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank, and because the distance between the detecting point and the control point is relatively long, the flow of the outlet of the cooling circulation pump changes to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and is recognized by the thermometer for a relatively long time, so that the temperature control of the hydrogen production system is not timely, and the temperature control response hysteresis phenomenon exists, thereby influencing the temperature control precision and the electrolytic tank efficiency of the hydrogen production system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a temperature control method and device of a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system, which are used for reducing hysteresis of temperature control of the hydrogen production system and improving temperature control precision of the hydrogen production system and efficiency of an electrolytic tank.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a temperature of a hydrogen production system, including:
acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of a cooling circulation pump;
if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process;
wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting the initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
Optionally, the temperature single disturbance state includes: the electrolyzer temperature is not equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow is equal to the initial flow set point.
Optionally, the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system further comprises: if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature flow double-disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a first target flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value;
judging whether the first target flow set value and the outlet flow have deviation or not;
if yes, executing the flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the first target flow set value and the outlet flow;
if not, the flow inner loop control process is not executed.
Optionally, the temperature flow double disturbance state includes: the electrolyzer temperature is not equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow rate is not equal to the initial flow rate set point.
Optionally, the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system further comprises: if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a flow single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow;
acquiring the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell, and judging whether the deviation between the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell and the temperature set value exceeds a deviation threshold value;
if yes, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a second target flow set value according to the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value; executing a flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the second target flow set value and the outlet flow;
if not, continuing to execute the flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow.
Optionally, the flow single disturbance state includes: the electrolyzer temperature is equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow rate is not equal to the initial flow rate set point.
Optionally, acquiring the outlet flow by using a first sampling frequency, and acquiring the temperature of the electrolytic tank by using a second sampling frequency;
the first sampling frequency is greater than or equal to the second sampling frequency.
Optionally, determining a target flow set point from the electrolyzer temperature and the temperature set point comprises:
determining a temperature deviation from the electrolyzer temperature and the temperature setpoint;
and determining a target flow set value according to the temperature deviation and the corresponding relation of the temperature and the flow.
Optionally, adjusting an operating parameter of the flow control device according to the target flow set point and the outlet flow, including:
determining a flow deviation according to the outlet flow and the target flow set value;
and determining the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the flow deviation and the corresponding relation of the parameter flow.
Optionally, adjusting the operating parameter of the flow control device includes:
and adjusting the opening of an adjusting valve arranged at the outlet of the cooling circulating pump.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a temperature control device of a hydrogen production system, including:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump;
the adjusting module is used for executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process when the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow; wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting the initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a hydrogen production system, including: the system comprises an electrolytic tank, a cooling circulating pump, flow control equipment, a thermometer, a flowmeter and control equipment; the control device is respectively connected with the thermometer, the flowmeter and the flow control device;
the thermometer is used for collecting the temperature of the electrolytic cell; the flowmeter is used for collecting the outlet flow of the cooling circulating pump; the control device is used for executing the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided by any embodiment of the invention.
In the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention, cascade control is formed by the outer temperature ring of the temperature-flow set value and the inner flow ring of the flow-flow control equipment operation parameter. The input and output parameters of the inner ring and the outer ring are directly related, so that control errors caused by a temperature-operation parameter multistage parameter conversion process can be effectively reduced, and control accuracy is improved. And the flow inner ring can directly adjust the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the change of the outlet flow, timely react to the flow change of the cooling circulating pump, effectively shorten the adjustment and feedback channels of the inner ring and the outer ring, quicken the response speed of the flow control device, reduce the hysteresis phenomenon of temperature control, shorten the adjustment process, reduce the overshoot of the controlled variable, improve the dynamic characteristics of the controlled object and reduce the dynamic deviation. Meanwhile, as the response speed of the flow control device is increased, the overshoot of the temperature of the electrolytic tank is reduced, the energy consumption in the temperature adjusting process can be effectively reduced, and the energy consumption and the electrolytic efficiency loss caused by overlarge temperature offset of the electrolytic tank are reduced. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention can reduce the hysteresis phenomenon of the temperature control of the hydrogen production system and improve the temperature control precision of the hydrogen production system and the efficiency of the electrolytic tank.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control principle of a temperature control method of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control device of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
The embodiment of the invention provides a temperature control method of a hydrogen production system, which can be suitable for the temperature regulation requirement of an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and can be implemented by a temperature control device of the hydrogen production system, wherein the temperature control device can be realized in a hardware and/or software mode, and the control device can be configured in a control cabinet of the hydrogen production system.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen production system may be constituted by any one of the structures of the electrolytic hydrogen production systems in the prior art. Illustratively, the hydrogen production system includes an electrolytic hydrogen production main circuit constituted by a pure water supply device, a gas separator, a heat exchanger, an alkali liquor circulation pump, and an electrolytic tank, and a cooling water supply circuit of the heat exchanger constituted by a cooling tower and a cooling water circulation pump. Wherein a thermometer is arranged near the electrolytic cell, such as at the outlet of the electrolytic cell, so that the temperature of the electrolytic cell can be detected; the outlet of the cooling water circulating pump is provided with a flow control device and a flowmeter, the flowmeter is used for detecting the outlet flow of the cooling water circulating pump, and the flow control device is used for adjusting the outlet flow of the cooling water circulating pump. The thermometer, the flowmeter, the flow control equipment and the control equipment of the hydrogen production system form a control loop of the hydrogen production system, and are used for realizing the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
s110, acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump.
The set point of the temperature is the target value of the temperature regulation of the electrolytic cell, and is generally the optimal temperature required by the operation of the electrolytic cell. The temperature set point can be set by a worker or can be set by control equipment in the hydrogen production system according to the operation condition of the hydrogen production system. The temperature set point may be 90 deg.c, for example. The cell temperature may be the temperature at the cell inlet or outlet. The initial flow set point is a flow set point preliminarily determined according to the temperature set point; the outlet flow, i.e. the flow of the cooling liquid output by the cooling circulation pump, determines the cooling speed of the heat exchanger. The alkali liquor flowing out of the gas separator is cooled by the heat exchanger and then is transmitted to the electrolytic tank, so that the temperature of the electrolytic tank can be indirectly controlled by controlling the outlet flow of the cooling circulating pump.
S120, if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process; wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting an initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and a temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
Wherein, the disturbance factors which can cause the temperature change of the electrolytic tank can be classified into two types of temperature disturbance and flow disturbance. Temperature disturbances may be caused by fluctuations in the operating environment of the hydrogen production system, etc., and are a direct factor affecting the electrolyzer temperature. The flow disturbance can be caused by the disturbance of the working power or frequency of the cooling water circulating pump, and the change of the cooling water flow influences the working state of the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of alkali liquor circulated to the electrolytic tank is influenced, the temperature of the electrolytic tank is further influenced, and the flow disturbance can be used as an indirect factor influencing the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
The temperature single disturbance state refers to: with respect to the equilibrium state, only a temperature disturbance occurs in the hydrogen production system, i.e., the hydrogen production system changes from a state where the electrolyzer temperature is equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow is equal to the initial flow set point to a state where the electrolyzer temperature is not equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow is still equal to the initial flow set point. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the outlet flow rate of the cooling circulation pump in accordance with the change in the temperature of the electrolytic cell so as to correct the temperature of the electrolytic cell to return to the vicinity of the temperature set point.
Specifically, the temperature outer loop control process and the flow inner loop control process form cascade control, and a flow set value according to which the flow inner loop is adjusted is provided by the temperature outer loop. Therefore, compared with the single-loop control of the operation parameters of the temperature-flow control device in the prior art, the embodiment is equivalent to inserting a secondary loop of the operation parameters of the flow-flow control device in the control system, so that the temperature outer loop and the flow inner loop are in cascade response, each stage of input and output parameters are directly related, and the flow inner loop can directly adjust the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the change of the outlet flow, thereby reducing control errors caused by the multi-stage parameter conversion process of the temperature-operation parameters and improving the control precision. In addition, in the embodiment, the outer ring is used for converting and adjusting the temperature-flow set value, the inner ring is used for converting and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow-flow control equipment, all stages of adjusting and feedback channels are effectively shortened, the response of the flow control equipment can be quickened, the phenomenon that the temperature of the electrolytic tank is greatly deviated from the temperature set value when the flow control equipment responds is avoided, the adjusting process is effectively shortened, and the overshoot of the controlled variable is reduced. The flow control device may be, for example, a regulating valve provided at the outlet of the cooling circulation pump or a regulating valve for controlling the flow of lye; the operating parameters of the flow control device include: and adjusting the opening degree of the valve.
In the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention, cascade control is formed by the outer temperature ring of the temperature-flow set value and the inner flow ring of the flow-flow control equipment operation parameter. The input and output parameters of the inner ring and the outer ring are directly related, so that control errors caused by a temperature-operation parameter multistage parameter conversion process can be effectively reduced, and control accuracy is improved. And the flow inner ring can directly adjust the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the change of the outlet flow, timely react to the flow change of the cooling circulating pump, effectively shorten the adjustment and feedback channels of the inner ring and the outer ring, quicken the response speed of the flow control device, reduce the hysteresis phenomenon of temperature control, shorten the adjustment process, reduce the overshoot of the controlled variable, improve the dynamic characteristics of the controlled object and reduce the dynamic deviation. Meanwhile, as the response speed of the flow control device is increased, the overshoot of the temperature of the electrolytic tank is reduced, the energy consumption in the temperature adjusting process can be effectively reduced, and the energy consumption and the electrolytic efficiency loss caused by overlarge temperature offset of the electrolytic tank are reduced. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention can reduce the hysteresis phenomenon of the temperature control of the hydrogen production system and improve the temperature control precision of the hydrogen production system and the efficiency of the electrolytic tank.
The following describes the inner and outer loop cascade control flow in detail with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control principle of a temperature control method of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, for the temperature outer ring, r1 represents a temperature set point, gc1 represents a transfer function of a temperature controller, c1 represents a measured cell temperature, hm1 represents a transfer function of a temperature measurement transmitter unit, f1 represents a temperature disturbance factor, gf1 represents a transfer function of a temperature disturbance calculator unit, m1 represents a flow set point output by the temperature controller, and Go1 represents a transfer function of the temperature calculator unit. The temperature outer ring control process comprises the following steps: according to the measured value c1 of the temperature of the electrolytic cell, the temperature data of the electrolytic cell is obtained through conversion of a temperature measuring and transmitting unit; determining temperature deviation according to the temperature data of the electrolytic cell and a temperature set value r 1; from the temperature deviation, a flow set point m1 is determined via a transition of the temperature controller, wherein a transfer function Gc1 of the temperature controller may characterize the temperature flow correspondence. The specific influence of the outlet flow change on the temperature of the electrolytic tank can be obtained through the calculation of the temperature calculation unit, and the specific influence of the temperature disturbance factor f1 on the temperature of the electrolytic tank can be obtained through the conversion of the temperature disturbance calculation unit. However, it should be noted that the temperature disturbance factor f1 is introduced only for illustrating the reason of the change in the temperature of the electrolytic cell, including the change in the outlet flow rate of the cooling circulation pump, and the influence of other temperature disturbance factors. However, in the actual control process, there is no need to distinguish the cause of the change in the temperature of the electrolytic cell, and it is necessary to perform the temperature adjustment process as long as there is a difference in the current electrolytic cell temperature data with respect to the temperature set value r 1. Therefore, the temperature disturbance factor f1 does not need to be acquired in the control process, and a specific value of the temperature change of the electrolytic tank caused by the temperature disturbance factor f1 does not need to be calculated.
For the flow inner loop, m1 represents a flow set value output by the temperature controller, gc2 represents a transfer function of the flow controller, c2 represents an outlet flow measurement value, hm2 represents a transfer function of the flow measurement transmitter unit, f2 represents a flow disturbance factor, gf2 represents a transfer function of the flow disturbance calculation unit, m2 represents an operation parameter of the flow control device output by the flow controller, gv represents a transfer function of the flow control device, go2 represents a transfer function of the flow calculation unit. The flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: obtaining outlet flow data through conversion of the temperature measurement transmitting unit according to the outlet flow measurement value c 2; determining flow deviation according to the outlet flow data and the flow set value m 1; from the flow deviation, an operating parameter m2 of the flow control device is determined via a transition of the flow controller, wherein a transfer function Gc2 of the flow controller characterizes the parameter flow correspondence. After the flow control device changes the working state according to the operation parameters, the flow calculation unit can calculate the regulated outlet flow; the specific influence of the flow disturbance factor f2 on the outlet flow can be obtained through the conversion of the flow disturbance calculation unit. The regulating action of the flow control device and the disturbance action of the flow disturbance factor f2 act together on the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump. Here, too, the flow disturbance factor f2 is introduced only for explaining the cause of the variation in the outlet flow rate of the cooling circulation pump, and in the actual control process, it is not necessary to distinguish the specific cause of the variation in the outlet flow rate, and as long as there is a difference in the current outlet flow rate data with respect to the current flow rate set value m1, it is necessary to perform the flow rate adjustment process. Therefore, the flow disturbance factor f2 does not need to be acquired in the control process, and a specific value of the outlet flow change caused by the flow disturbance factor f2 does not need to be calculated.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, for the flow inner loop control process, the outlet flow may be obtained with a first sampling frequency and the flow control device may be adjusted; for the temperature outer ring control process, the second sampling frequency can be adopted to acquire the temperature of the electrolytic cell and update the flow set value. The first sampling frequency may be equal to the second sampling frequency, so that the inner loop and outer loop adjustment of the cascade control process is performed synchronously in real time. Alternatively, the first sampling frequency may be greater than the second sampling frequency, i.e., the flow inner loop control process is cycled multiple times during each temperature sampling interval; therefore, for each target flow set value, the flow inner ring is subjected to feedback adjustment for a plurality of times, so that the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump in each temperature sampling interval can be adjusted to be closer to the target flow set value, the adjustment effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the power consumption is reduced.
The temperature control process of the hydrogen production system will be described in detail with reference to one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system includes the steps of:
s210, acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump.
Wherein the cell temperature may be the cell outlet temperature.
S220, judging the disturbance state of the hydrogen production system; if the hydrogen production system is in the temperature single disturbance state, executing S230; if the hydrogen production system is in the temperature flow double disturbance state, executing S240-S270; if the hydrogen production system is in a flow single disturbance state, S280-S2B0 is executed.
Specifically, the disturbance state of the hydrogen production system is judged according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow. If the temperature of the electrolytic tank is not equal to the temperature set value and the outlet flow is equal to the initial flow set value, the hydrogen production system is in a temperature single disturbance state; if the temperature of the electrolytic tank is not equal to the temperature set value and the outlet flow is not equal to the initial flow set value, the hydrogen production system is in a temperature flow double-disturbance state; if the flow single disturbance state includes: and if the temperature of the electrolytic tank is equal to the temperature set value and the outlet flow is not equal to the initial flow set value, the hydrogen production system is in a flow single disturbance state.
S230, executing a temperature outer loop control process and a flow inner loop control process.
The temperature single disturbance state corresponds to a case where a temperature disturbance factor acts on the temperature control outer ring. When the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank changes, but the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump is not changed, the temperature controller changes the flow set value of the flow inner ring according to the change of the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank, and the flow controller generates a correction function according to the adjusted flow set value, so that the opening of the regulating valve arranged at the outlet of the cooling circulation pump is changed, and the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank returns to the temperature set value.
S240, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a first target flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value.
The temperature-flow double-disturbance state corresponds to the case where the temperature disturbance factor and the flow disturbance factor act on the hydrogen production system at the same time. Then, when the temperature of the electrolytic tank changes in the same direction due to the temperature disturbance factor and the flow disturbance factor, the flow deviation calculated by the flow inner ring is obviously increased, so that the output of the flow inner ring also changes greatly to overcome the disturbance rapidly. Illustratively, the flow disturbance factor reduces the outlet flow, which can cause the electrolyzer temperature to rise; at this time, the outlet flow measurement is reduced, and the outlet flow is smaller than the flow set value at the last sampling time. Meanwhile, the temperature interference factor causes the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank to rise, so that the measured value of the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank rises, and the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank is larger than the set value of the temperature, so that the set value of the flow output by the temperature outer ring is increased, the outlet flow of the cooling circulating pump is promoted to be increased, the cooling effect of the heat exchanger is improved, and the temperature of the electrolytic tank falls back. Therefore, the current outlet flow is reduced, the current flow set value (namely the first target flow set value) is increased, so that the current flow deviation is obviously increased compared with the current flow deviation which is controlled by the flow inner ring only or the temperature outer ring only, the adjustment quantity of the opening degree of the adjusting valve is increased, and the temperature of the electrolytic tank can be returned to the temperature set value as soon as possible.
When the temperature of the electrolytic tank changes in different directions due to the temperature interference factors and the flow interference factors, the flow deviation calculated by the flow inner ring is reduced, so that the flow inner ring can overcome the interference through smaller output, and the temperature control energy consumption can be effectively reduced. When the first target flow set value is equal to the outlet flow, the deviation caused by the two disturbance factors can be counteracted, and the opening of the regulating valve does not need to be changed in the flow inner ring.
S250, judging whether deviation exists between the first target flow set value and the outlet flow or not; if yes, executing S260; if not, then S270 is performed.
S260, executing a flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the first target flow set value and the outlet flow.
And S270, not executing the flow inner loop control process.
S280, executing a flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow.
The flow single disturbance state is the condition that flow disturbance factors act on the flow inner ring. When the flow of the circulating cooling liquid pipeline changes, the flow inner ring immediately reacts to adjust. If the disturbance is small, the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank is basically unchanged after the flow inner ring is regulated, and the temperature outer ring control can not be started. If the interference is large, so that the deviation of the outlet temperature of the electrolytic tank compared with the temperature set value exceeds a deviation threshold value, the temperature outer ring control is started, the flow inner ring is subjected to the functions of the flow set value and the outlet flow measurement value, the calculated flow deviation is increased, the correction function is enhanced, and the regulation process is quickened.
S290, judging whether the deviation between the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell and the temperature set value exceeds a deviation threshold value; if yes, executing S2A0-S2B0; if not, return to S280 until the adjusted outlet flow is equal to the initial flow set point.
S2A0, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a second target flow set value according to the adjusted temperature and the adjusted temperature set value of the electrolytic tank.
S2B0, executing a flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the second target flow set value and the outlet flow.
The embodiment realizes the temperature control process of the hydrogen production system through S210-S2B0, applies cascade control of the temperature outer ring and the flow inner ring to the temperature regulation process based on the flow of the circulating cooling liquid, can rapidly respond to flow disturbance, and quickens the regulation process of the temperature disturbance. Therefore, the control scheme can rapidly cope with the interference generated by the temperature change and the flow change in the system, optimize the temperature control scheme, reduce the hysteresis of the temperature control of the outlet of the electrolytic tank, improve the temperature regulation precision and reduce the energy consumption of the hydrogen production system.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a temperature control device of the hydrogen production system, which is used for executing the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control device of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the temperature control apparatus of the hydrogen production system includes: a data acquisition module 110 and an adjustment module 120.
The data acquisition module 110 is used for acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump. The adjusting module 120 is configured to execute a temperature outer loop control process and a flow inner loop control process when it is determined that the hydrogen production system is in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set point, the temperature of the electrolytic cell, the initial flow set point and the outlet flow; wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting an initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and a temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the adjusting module 120 is further configured to execute a temperature outer loop control process when it is determined that the hydrogen production system is in a temperature flow double disturbance state according to the temperature set point, the temperature of the electrolytic cell, the initial flow set point, and the outlet flow, and obtain a first target flow set point according to the temperature of the electrolytic cell and the temperature set point; judging whether the first target flow set value and the outlet flow have deviation or not; if yes, executing a flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the first target flow set value and the outlet flow; if not, the flow inner loop control process is not executed.
On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the adjusting module 120 is further configured to execute a flow inner loop control process when it is determined that the hydrogen production system is in a flow single disturbance state according to the temperature set point, the electrolyzer temperature, the initial flow set point, and the outlet flow, and adjust an operation parameter of the flow control device according to the initial flow set point and the outlet flow; acquiring the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell, and judging whether the deviation between the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell and a temperature set value exceeds a deviation threshold value; if yes, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a second target flow set value according to the adjusted temperature and the adjusted temperature set value of the electrolytic tank; executing a flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control device according to the second target flow set value and the outlet flow; if not, continuing to execute the flow inner ring control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow.
On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the adjusting module 120 specifically includes: a first adder for determining a temperature deviation from the electrolyzer temperature and a temperature set point; the temperature controller is used for determining a target flow set value according to the temperature deviation and the temperature flow corresponding relation; a second adder for determining a flow deviation from the outlet flow and the target flow setpoint; and the flow controller is used for determining the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the flow deviation and the parameter flow corresponding relation.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a hydrogen production system, which comprises the temperature control device of the hydrogen production system provided by any embodiment of the invention, and the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided by any embodiment of the invention is realized, so that the method has corresponding beneficial effects. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the hydrogen production system includes: an electrolytic cell 280, a cooling circulation pump 320, a flow control device, a thermometer TE, a flow meter FE and a control device (not shown in the figure); the control device is connected to the thermometer TE, the flowmeter FE and the flow control device, respectively. Wherein, the thermometer TE is used for collecting the temperature of the electrolytic cell; the flowmeter FE is used to collect the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump 320; the flow control device may be a regulating valve TV; the temperature control device of the hydrogen production system may be integrated into the control apparatus for performing the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system. By way of example, the control device may be a control cabinet in a hydrogen production system.
Specifically, referring to FIG. 5, the hydrogen production system includes an electrolysis main loop and a coolant circulation loop. The main electrolytic circuit is composed of a water purification device 210, a pure water tank 220, a pure water pump 230, a gas separator, a heat exchanger 260, an alkali liquor circulation pump 270 and an electrolytic tank 280 which are sequentially connected. Wherein the gas separator is divided into a hydrogen separator 240 and an oxygen separator 250, the bottoms of which are communicated. In the main electrolytic circuit, the electrolysis reaction occurs in the electrolytic cell 280 to generate hydrogen and oxygen; the product gas is carried out of the electrolytic cell by the circulated liquid and enters the gas separator; in the gas separator, the product gas is separated from alkali liquor, and the gas leaves the electrolysis system from the upper part of the separator and is utilized or stored in the subsequent links; the alkali liquor flows back into the electrolytic tank 280 after passing through the heat exchanger 260 and the alkali liquor circulating pump 270; the water purification apparatus 210, the pure water tank 220, and the pure water pump 230 are used to supplement pure water required for the reaction to the electrolytic bath 280 in real time.
The coolant circulation loop includes a cooling tower 310, a cooling circulation pump 320, and a heat exchanger 260, which are sequentially connected. In the cooling liquid circulation loop, the cooling tower 310 cools the liquid, and the cooling liquid is provided to the heat exchanger 260 through the cooling circulation pump 320 to cool the alkali liquor in the heat exchanger 260; after the temperature is lowered, the alkaline solution is returned to the electrolytic cell 280 and the cooling liquid is returned to the cooling tower 310. For the heat exchanger 260, when the opening of the regulating valve TV is increased, the flow of cooling water is increased, so that the cooling effect of the heat exchanger 260 on alkali liquor is improved; conversely, when the opening of the regulating valve TV is reduced, the flow rate of the cooling water is reduced, so that the cooling effect of the heat exchanger 260 on the lye is reduced.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system, comprising:
acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of a cooling circulation pump;
if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process;
wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting the initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
2. The method of temperature control for a hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein said temperature single disturbance state comprises: the electrolyzer temperature is not equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow is equal to the initial flow set point.
3. The method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to claim 1, further comprising: if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature flow double-disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a first target flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value;
judging whether the first target flow set value and the outlet flow have deviation or not;
if yes, executing the flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the first target flow set value and the outlet flow;
if not, the flow inner loop control process is not executed.
4. A method of controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said temperature flow double disturbance comprises: the electrolyzer temperature is not equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow rate is not equal to the initial flow rate set point.
5. The method for controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to claim 1, further comprising: if the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a flow single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow, executing a flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow;
acquiring the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell, and judging whether the deviation between the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic cell and the temperature set value exceeds a deviation threshold value;
if yes, executing a temperature outer ring control process, and obtaining a second target flow set value according to the adjusted temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value; executing a flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the second target flow set value and the outlet flow;
if not, continuing to execute the flow inner loop control process, and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the initial flow set value and the outlet flow.
6. The method of temperature control for a hydrogen production system of claim 5, wherein said flow single disturbance state comprises: the electrolyzer temperature is equal to the temperature set point and the outlet flow rate is not equal to the initial flow rate set point.
7. The method of controlling the temperature of a hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the outlet flow is obtained using a first sampling frequency and the electrolyzer temperature is obtained using a second sampling frequency;
the first sampling frequency is greater than or equal to the second sampling frequency.
8. The method of temperature control of a hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein determining a target flow set point based on the electrolyzer temperature and the temperature set point comprises:
determining a temperature deviation from the electrolyzer temperature and the temperature setpoint;
and determining a target flow set value according to the temperature deviation and the corresponding relation of the temperature and the flow.
9. The method of temperature control of a hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein adjusting an operating parameter of a flow control device based on the target flow set point and the outlet flow comprises:
determining a flow deviation according to the outlet flow and the target flow set value;
and determining the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the flow deviation and the corresponding relation of the parameter flow.
10. The method of temperature control of a hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein adjusting an operating parameter of a flow control device comprises:
and adjusting the opening of an adjusting valve arranged at the outlet of the cooling circulating pump.
11. A temperature control device for a hydrogen production system, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a temperature set value, an electrolyzer temperature, an initial flow set value and an outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump;
the adjusting module is used for executing a temperature outer ring control process and a flow inner ring control process when the hydrogen production system is judged to be in a temperature single disturbance state according to the temperature set value, the temperature of the electrolytic tank, the initial flow set value and the outlet flow; wherein, the temperature outer loop control process includes: adjusting the initial flow set value according to the temperature of the electrolytic tank and the temperature set value to obtain a target flow set value; the flow inner loop control process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the operation parameters of the flow control equipment according to the target flow set value and the outlet flow so as to adjust the outlet flow of the cooling circulation pump and further adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank.
12. A hydrogen production system, comprising: the system comprises an electrolytic tank, a cooling circulating pump, flow control equipment, a thermometer, a flowmeter and control equipment; the control device is respectively connected with the thermometer, the flowmeter and the flow control device;
the thermometer is used for collecting the temperature of the electrolytic cell; the flowmeter is used for collecting the outlet flow of the cooling circulating pump; the control apparatus is configured to perform a temperature control method of a hydrogen production system as defined in any one of claims 1-10.
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| CN110620247A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-27 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Temperature control method and device for hydrogen fuel cell |
| WO2021196564A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-07 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Wide-power hydrogen production system and method by electrolysis of water |
| CN113930805A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-14 | 清华大学 | Temperature prediction control method and device for electric hydrogen production system |
| CN114059084A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-18 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Electrolytic hydrogen production system and temperature control method and device thereof |
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| CN110620247A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-27 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Temperature control method and device for hydrogen fuel cell |
| WO2021196564A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-07 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Wide-power hydrogen production system and method by electrolysis of water |
| CN113930805A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-14 | 清华大学 | Temperature prediction control method and device for electric hydrogen production system |
| CN114059084A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-18 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Electrolytic hydrogen production system and temperature control method and device thereof |
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