CN115110073B - Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method - Google Patents
Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115110073B CN115110073B CN202210680363.9A CN202210680363A CN115110073B CN 115110073 B CN115110073 B CN 115110073B CN 202210680363 A CN202210680363 A CN 202210680363A CN 115110073 B CN115110073 B CN 115110073B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- nickel plating
- plating
- chemical
- electroless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1855—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by mechanical pretreatment, e.g. grinding, sanding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1872—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical nickel plating method for nickel-based superalloy, which comprises stress relief, pre-degreasing, sand blowing, chemical degreasing, pre-etching, pre-nickel plating, chemical nickel plating and dehydrogenation. The pre-plating treatment mode adopted by the invention increases the pre-plating nickel treatment, thereby realizing plating of the chemical nickel plating layer on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy material, achieving the purpose of improving the material performance, effectively activating the surface of the part and increasing the adhesive force of the chemical nickel plating layer; as one option, a trace amount of bath solution stabilizer is added in the chemical nickel plating bath solution formula, and the stabilizer can effectively inhibit the decomposition of the chemical nickel plating bath solution; the invention has convenient operation and high one-time processing qualification rate, and can be widely applied to the fields of aeroengines, spacecrafts, rocket engines and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, in particular to a process method for chemical nickel plating of a nickel-based superalloy material.
Background
The main matrix component of the nickel-based superalloy is nickel, the nickel-based superalloy has high nickel and chromium content, has the advantages of good hot corrosion resistance, stable structure and the like, and is widely used for manufacturing hot end parts in aeroengines and industrial gas turbines, such as guide vanes, turbine guides, turbine discs, combustion chambers and the like. In particular to a low-pressure turbine guide of an aeroengine, the materials of components are all nickel-based superalloy, and nickel plating or chemical nickel plating treatment is needed to be carried out on the components to be welded in order to improve the weldability of the nickel-based superalloy material. The chemical nickel plating process is adopted before the brazing of the parts because the deposition of the chemical nickel plating is not limited by the structure of the parts and the full surface coverage of the nickel layer on the workpiece can be realized.
At present, materials related to chemical nickel plating process standards in the industry include titanium alloy, structural steel, stainless steel, copper alloy and the like, and no chemical nickel plating process method for high-temperature alloy materials exists. However, one type of engine welded low pressure turbine pilot is superalloy material GH4648, which requires electroless nickel plating of the surfaces to be welded to improve the weldability of the material. When the GH4648 nickel-based superalloy part is subjected to electroless nickel plating according to the traditional electroless nickel plating process flow and the process formula and parameters of the navigation mark "electroless nickel plating process and quality inspection" (HB/5071-2004), an electroless nickel plating layer cannot be deposited on the surface of the GH4648 material. The traditional chemical nickel plating process flow is as follows: electrolytic degreasing, sand blowing, weak corrosion, chemical nickel plating and dehydrogenation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a nickel-based superalloy electroless nickel plating method which is suitable for electroless nickel plating of nickel-based superalloy materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for chemically plating nickel on a nickel-based superalloy, which comprises,
step one, eliminating stress;
step two, pre-degreasing;
step three, blowing sand;
step four, chemical degreasing;
step five, pre-etching;
step six, nickel plating is performed;
step seven, chemical nickel plating;
and step eight, removing hydrogen.
Alternatively, in the first step, the stress relief temperature is 190+ -10deg.C, and the time is 3-4 h.
In the second step, an aviation cleaner is used for removing greasy dirt on the surface of the part.
In the third step, white corundum sand is blown to the surface to be plated with nickel, wherein the granularity of the sand is not more than 0.3mm, and the wind pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa.
In the fourth step, after the chemical degreasing is completed, whether the chemical degreasing is qualified is judged by observing the water film holding time of the degreasing surface, and if the water film holding time is lower than 30S, the chemical degreasing is performed again.
In the fifth step, hydrochloric acid is used for activating treatment to remove the passivation film covered on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy.
Alternatively, in the sixth step, nickel plating is performed by electroplating.
In the nickel plating, the nickel plating solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
NiSO 4 ·7H 2 O：260～320g/L；
HCl with density ρ=1.19 g/mL: 180-220 g/L;
temperature range of nickel plating: room temperature;
the density range of the nickel plating current is 5-10A/dm 2 ；
Immersing in the nickel preplating tank, activating for 3-5 min without electrifying, and electroplating for 3-5 min with cathode.
In the seventh step, the electroless nickel plating bath solution comprises the following components and process parameters:
NiSO 4 27H 2 O：20～25g/L；
CH 3 COONa：8～12g/L；
NaH 2 PO 2 2 H 2 O：15～20g/L；
Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 22H 2 O：15～20g/L；
tank liquor stabilizer: 0.033-0.053 mg/L;
pH：4～5；
operating temperature: 73-85 ℃;
nickel plating time: and the thickness is determined according to the nickel plating requirement.
Alternatively, in the eighth step, the dehydrogenation temperature is 190+ -10deg.C, and the time is 4-5 h.
It should be noted that, as long as the requirement of the present invention is satisfied by the plating stabilizer that maintains the bath solution at 92-95 ℃ without decomposition, the bath solution stabilizer is not necessary, and the purpose of adding the bath solution is to expand the application range of the plating bath solution, so that the plating bath solution is not only suitable for one or more nickel-based superalloys, but also can cover more brands of nickel-based superalloys.
Compared with the prior art, if the existing chemical nickel plating process is directly applied to the nickel-based superalloy, for example, GH2696 has poor binding force of a nickel layer after nickel plating according to the existing chemical nickel plating method, the nickel layer is easy to generate bubbling, layering and falling defects after dehydrogenation, and on the other hand, the existing chemical nickel plating process has poor formula stability and is easy to decompose, so that a large amount of high-temperature alloy parts are reworked and bath solution is wasted.
The invention designs a chemical nickel plating processing method suitable for a nickel-based superalloy material (such as GH 4648) on the basis of the original chemical nickel plating process route of the superalloy and the chemical nickel plating process formula of HB/5071-2004 chemical nickel plating process and quality inspection.
In the invention, the pre-plating nickel treatment is added in the pre-plating treatment mode adopted by the nickel-based superalloy (such as GH 4648) chemical nickel plating, so that the chemical nickel plating layer is plated on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy material, the purpose of improving the material performance is achieved, the surface of a part can be effectively activated, and the adhesive force of the chemical nickel plating layer is increased. The nickel plating layer can be used as an intermediate plating layer to increase the binding force of the chemical nickel plating layer, can be widely applied to the high-temperature alloy nickel plating process of other material marks, and is used for improving the binding force of the nickel layer. Meanwhile, the chemical nickel plating process is realized on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy material.
The chemical nickel plating bath solution used in the invention is added with a trace amount of bath solution stabilizer, which can effectively inhibit the decomposition of the chemical nickel plating bath solution, and after verification, the working temperature of the bath solution can be maintained at 92-95 ℃ for a long time without decomposition after the bath solution stabilizer is added, thereby effectively improving the application range of the chemical nickel plating bath solution, and particularly effectively promoting the plating of chemical nickel plating.
The invention has stable process in the application of high-temperature nickel-based alloy parts, especially GH4648 material chemical nickel plating, can effectively improve the performance of a matrix through a nickel layer deposited on the surface, is convenient to operate, has high one-time processing qualification rate, and can be widely applied to the fields of aeroengines, spacecrafts, rocket engines and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of GH4648 electroless nickel process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications, substitutions and alterations made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art to which this invention pertains are included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the above technical idea of the invention.
In this embodiment, taking the nickel-based superalloy material with the brand of GH4648 as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the specific electroless nickel plating method of the nickel-based superalloy comprises the following steps: (1) stress relief, (2) pre-degreasing, (3) sand blasting, (4) chemical degreasing, (5) pre-etching, (6) pre-nickel plating, (7) chemical nickel plating, and (8) dehydrogenation.
The stress is eliminated in the step (1), the main purpose is to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon of parts due to machining residues, so as to improve the binding force of a chemical nickel layer and a matrix, the stress eliminating temperature is (190+/-10) DEG C, the time is (3-4) h, the specific method can refer to HB/Z318, and the purpose of stress elimination before surface treatment is to eliminate mechanical stress and increase the binding force of a plating layer.
And (2) pre-degreasing, namely primarily removing greasy dirt on the surface of the part by adopting FDS166 aviation cleaning agent to obtain a clean surface.
And (3) blowing sand, namely blowing white corundum sand to the surface to be plated of the part, wherein the granularity of the sand is not more than 0.3mm, and the wind pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa. The purpose is to activate the surface, destroy the self-passivation film on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy, and expose the metal matrix so as to improve the binding force between the electroless nickel plating layer and the matrix.
And (4) chemically degreasing, namely removing residual saponified oil and non-saponified oil on the surface of the part by using alkali solution and surfactant in the degreasing solution to obtain a clean surface. The chemical degreasing is adopted to replace the common cathode-anode alternate electrolytic degreasing, mainly because the chromium content of the GH4648 material is up to 32% -35%, when the material is subjected to anodic electrolytic degreasing in a degreasing solution containing NaOH at 60 ℃ -80 ℃, chromium can be dissolved, and the chromium is easily poor on the surface of the GH4648 material, so that the matrix is corroded excessively.
And (4) after chemical degreasing, checking whether a water film on the surface of the part can be maintained for 30 seconds without breaking by adopting a visual method after washing in order to check the degreasing effect of the part. The water film holding time is more than or equal to 30S, the oil removal is qualified, or the chemical oil removal is needed to be carried out again until the water film inspection is qualified.
And (5) pre-etching, and performing activation treatment (1-3) by hydrochloric acid with a certain concentration to remove the thin passivation film covered on the surface of the nickel-based alloy.
And (6) nickel preplating, which is a key step of GH4648 electroless nickel pretreatment. The GH4648 material contains 32% -35% of chromium, 2.3% -3.3% of molybdenum, 4.3% -5.3% of tungsten and other small amounts of Al, nb, ti, fe elements, and the rest of the matrix is nickel, wherein the nickel content is up to about 60%. According to the traditional recognition, electroless nickel plating is performed on the surface of the GH4648 material, which can be considered to be performed directly on a nickel substrate, and electroless nickel plating can be deposited on the surface of the GH4648 material without pre-plating nickel and priming. In the actual chemical nickel plating operation process, when the GH4648 material is not subjected to pre-electroplating nickel priming, after sand blowing and pre-corrosion activation, the GH4648 material loses the protective effect of a passivation film on the surface, and then in the chemical nickel plating solution, a nickel-chromium corrosion battery is formed to perform oxidation-reduction reaction, nickel is used as an anode, and chromium is used as a cathode, so that the autocatalytic nickel-phosphorus alloy cannot be deposited on the surface of the GH4648 material. After the GH4648 material is subjected to impact nickel plating and bottoming, a nickel layer can be uniformly covered on the surface of the GH4648 material to inhibit formation of a nickel-chromium galvanic cell, so that the subsequent electroless nickel plating reaction process is directly carried out on pure nickel of the intermediate plating layer.
Step (6), nickel plating solution components of nickel plating solution are NiSO 4 27H 2 O(260～320)g/L；HCl(ρ
=1.19 g/mL) (180-220) g/L. The temperature range of nickel plating is room temperature, and the current density range of nickel plating is (5-10) A/dm 2 . The specific operation process is as follows: after the parts are subjected to sand blowing, pre-corrosion cleaning treatment, the parts are immersed into a pre-nickel plating tank to be activated for 3-5 min without electrifying, and are subjected to cathode electroplating for 3-5 min, so that the parts are ensuredAll surfaces are uniformly covered with a nickel layer.
Step (7), chemical nickel plating bath solution components and technological parameters are as follows:
and (8) removing hydrogen, wherein the main purpose is to reduce the hydrogen permeation phenomenon generated in the part electroless nickel plating process, and the hydrogen removal temperature is (190+/-10) DEG C, and the time is (4-5) h.
The invention will be further described by reference to specific examples.
The rear ring of the turbofan engine is made of GH4648, and the surface of the rear ring is required to be subjected to electroless nickel plating (6-8 mu m) to improve weldability, and the electroless nickel plating is carried out according to the GH4648 electroless nickel plating process shown in figure 1, and the main steps, solution formulation and process parameters in the electroless nickel plating process are described below.
(1) Stress relief:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 190 ℃;
time: 3h and 20min.
(2) Pre-degreasing:
and (3) soaking and scrubbing the surface of the part by adopting the FDS166 aviation cleaning agent, and airing at room temperature.
(3) Blowing sand:
carrying out sand blowing on the surface of the part, wherein the sand blowing pressure is as follows: 0.35MPa; the sand used was 120 # white corundum sand. After sand blowing, visually checking that the surface of the part is uniformly gray, and no visual metallic luster exists; and after the sand blowing is finished, cleaning residual sand grains at the groove of the part by using compressed air.
(4) Chemical degreasing:
chemical degreasing solution formula and parameters:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 76 ℃;
time: 20min.
After the oil removal, the parts are washed by hot water at the temperature of between 50 and 80 ℃ and flowing cold water, the oil removal effect is checked by a water film method, and qualified parts are checked to carry out a nickel pre-plating process.
(5) Pre-etching:
pre-etching solution formula and parameters:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 16 ℃;
time: 2min.
(6) Nickel pre-plating:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 16 ℃;
the non-electrifying activation time of the part in the nickel plating tank is as follows: 3min;
cathode nickel plating time: 4min;
after nickel plating out of the tank, the plating solution was rinsed with flowing cold water.
(7) Chemical nickel plating:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 83 ℃;
electroless nickel plating time: 80min;
and (3) after nickel plating is carried out, cleaning and drying are carried out through hot water at the temperature of between 50 and 80 ℃.
(8) Removing hydrogen:
the process parameters were recorded as follows:
temperature: 190 ℃;
time: 3h and 20min.
(9) And (3) checking:
(1) appearance: is a slightly yellowish silvery white or yellowish steel gray. The plating layer has fine and uniform crystallization, no protrusion and no delamination.
(2) Binding force: binding force test was performed on samples of the same material, same surface condition and same groove chemical nickel plating as the parts. The sample is clamped on a bench clamp, the edge of the plating layer is filed by a rasp, the rasp forms an angle of about 45 degrees with the surface of the plating layer, the plating layer is filed from the base metal to the plating layer, and the plating layer does not peel or fall off.
(3) Coating thickness: thickness inspection was performed on the test specimen, and the thickness was measured using a 0.001mm lever micrometer with a nickel layer thickness of 9 μm.
After the GH4648 back ring part is subjected to chemical nickel plating by the method, all indexes such as appearance, binding force and thickness of a plating layer are qualified.
Claims (9)
1. A method for chemically plating nickel on a nickel-based superalloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
step one, eliminating stress;
step two, pre-degreasing;
step three, blowing sand;
step four, chemical degreasing;
step five, pre-etching;
step six, nickel pre-plating, wherein nickel pre-plating is carried out in a nickel electroplating mode;
step seven, chemical nickel plating;
and step eight, removing hydrogen.
2. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the stress relief temperature is 190+/-10 ℃ and the time is 3-4 hours.
3. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, an aviation cleaning agent is adopted to remove greasy dirt on the surface of the part.
4. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, white corundum sand is blown to the surface to be plated with nickel, the granularity of the sand is not more than 0.3mm, and the wind pressure is 0.3 MPa-0.5 MPa.
5. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, after the chemical oil removal is completed, whether the chemical oil removal is qualified is judged by observing the water film holding time of the oil removal surface, and if the water film holding time is lower than 30S, the chemical oil removal is carried out again.
6. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, hydrochloric acid is adopted for activation treatment, and a passivation film covered on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy is removed.
7. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the nickel electroplating, the nickel plating solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
NiSO 4 ·7H 2 O：260～320g/L；
HCl with density ρ=1.19 g/mL: 180-220 g/L;
temperature range of nickel plating: room temperature;
the density range of the nickel plating current is 5-10A/dm 2 ；
Immersing in the nickel preplating tank, activating for 3-5 min without electrifying, and electroplating for 3-5 min with cathode.
8. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the chemical nickel plating bath solution comprises the following components and technological parameters:
NiSO 4 ·7H 2 O：20～25g/L；
CH 3 COONa：8～12g/L；
NaH 2 PO 2 ·H 2 O：15～20g/L；
Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 ·2H 2 O：15～20g/L；
tank liquor stabilizer: 0.033-0.053 mg/L;
pH：4～5；
operating temperature: 73-85 ℃;
nickel plating time: and the thickness is determined according to the nickel plating requirement.
9. The method for electroless nickel plating of a nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step eight, the dehydrogenation temperature is 190+/-10 ℃ and the time is 4-5 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210680363.9A CN115110073B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210680363.9A CN115110073B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115110073A CN115110073A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
| CN115110073B true CN115110073B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
Family
ID=83327864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210680363.9A Active CN115110073B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115110073B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1958845A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-05-09 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Method in use for chemical plating Mi-P alloy on surface of stainless steel |
| CN101024879A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-08-29 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Chemical plating liquid of high-phosphor chemical plating Ni-P alloy for use on 304 stainless steel surface |
| CN104630855A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州红林机械有限公司 | Surface pretreatment method before titanium alloy workpiece electroplating |
| CN108103484A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of engine titanium alloy component local size restorative procedure |
| CN113430604A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Method for uniformly plating hard chromium on surface of GH4169 conical block gasket |
| CN113774440A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Pre-nickel plating treatment process before high-temperature alloy galvanization |
-
2022
- 2022-06-16 CN CN202210680363.9A patent/CN115110073B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1958845A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-05-09 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Method in use for chemical plating Mi-P alloy on surface of stainless steel |
| CN101024879A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-08-29 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Chemical plating liquid of high-phosphor chemical plating Ni-P alloy for use on 304 stainless steel surface |
| CN104630855A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州红林机械有限公司 | Surface pretreatment method before titanium alloy workpiece electroplating |
| CN108103484A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of engine titanium alloy component local size restorative procedure |
| CN113430604A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Method for uniformly plating hard chromium on surface of GH4169 conical block gasket |
| CN113774440A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Pre-nickel plating treatment process before high-temperature alloy galvanization |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115110073A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1857570A2 (en) | Method for forming a nickel-based layered structure on a magnesium alloy substrate, a surface-treated magnesium alloy article made thereform, and a cleaning solution and a surface treatment solution used therefor | |
| Baudrand | Electroless nickel plating | |
| US9771661B2 (en) | Methods for producing a high temperature oxidation resistant MCrAlX coating on superalloy substrates | |
| CN101280445B (en) | Electroplating process for surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub | |
| WO2006028482A1 (en) | Platinum aluminide coating and method thereof | |
| CN101021009A (en) | Nickel pre-coating process and nickel pre-coating solution for magnesium alloy surface | |
| CN102220582A (en) | Platinum-plated titanium palladium alloy plate and preparation method thereof | |
| US8404097B2 (en) | Process for plating a metal object with a wear-resistant coating and method of coating | |
| US20070269677A1 (en) | Method for forming a nickel-based layered structure on a magnesium alloy substrate, a surface-treated magnesium alloy article made therefrom, and a cleaning solution and a surface treatment solution used therefor | |
| CN109972127A (en) | A kind of preparation method of high anti-corrosion chemical Ni-plating layer | |
| CN102605358A (en) | Application of chemical plating nickel phosphorus alloy to triallyl cyanurate (TAC) film production line | |
| CN115110073B (en) | Nickel-based superalloy chemical nickel plating method | |
| Rajagopal et al. | Gold plating of critical components for space applications: Challenges and solutions | |
| CN103215574B (en) | Magnesium-alloy chemical nickel plating solution and nickel plating process thereof | |
| CN102220574B (en) | Chemical nickel-phosphorus plating method on surface of zirconium-aluminum alloy | |
| CN106119907A (en) | A kind of chrome-plating method of automobile rustless steel tail gas decoration | |
| CN110306216B (en) | Active element Re modified beta- (Ni, Pt) -Al coating and preparation process thereof | |
| Demisse et al. | Surface finishing and electroless nickel plating of additively manufactured (am) metal components | |
| US11866830B2 (en) | Abrasive tip coating | |
| KR100691609B1 (en) | Surface treating method of heat-resist superalloy, and heat-resist superalloy material thereused | |
| CN103122472A (en) | Pretreatment method for hard chromium plating process on surface of nuclear stainless steel material | |
| CN112553625A (en) | Active element Hf modified beta-NiAl coating and preparation process thereof | |
| CN111876801A (en) | Crack-free Ni-Cr alloy coating and preparation method and application thereof | |
| US20240159156A1 (en) | Methods for creating a nickel strike layer and nickel electrolytic bondcoat onto a non-conductive carbon fiber composite surface and the coating system derived therefrom | |
| CN114032530B (en) | Pretreatment method and application of chemical nickel-phosphorus plating of aluminum and aluminum alloy |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |