CN115109724A - Pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high yield of alopecuromycin A and fermentation method - Google Patents

Pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high yield of alopecuromycin A and fermentation method Download PDF

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CN115109724A
CN115109724A CN202210769497.8A CN202210769497A CN115109724A CN 115109724 A CN115109724 A CN 115109724A CN 202210769497 A CN202210769497 A CN 202210769497A CN 115109724 A CN115109724 A CN 115109724A
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pantoea agglomerans
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CN115109724B (en
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陈云
汪宏凯
马忠华
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation medium and a fermentation method for high-yield pantoea agglomerans of herbicidin A, wherein the method comprises the steps of inoculating pantoea agglomerans to the fermentation medium for fermentation; the fermentation medium comprises: 10-20 g/L corn steep liquor, 8-12 g/L glycerin, 8-12 mM calcium chloride, 12-17 mM threonine, and the initial pH is 4.0-6.0; the fermentation temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 50-75 h. When the culture medium is used for fermentation, the yield of the alopecuroxime A reaches 211.1mg/l, which is improved by 542% compared with the original fermentation condition.

Description

Pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high yield of alopecuromycin A and fermentation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation engineering, in particular to a fermentation medium and a fermentation method for high-yield pantoea agglomerans of alopecuromycin A.
Background
At present, crop diseases and insect pests are mainly prevented and controlled by chemical pesticides in the agricultural production process, but the problems of environmental pollution, pesticide residues, drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the like caused by the long-term use of a large amount of chemical agents, even food safety problems can be caused, and the major threats are caused to the health of people and livestock. In recent years, biological control strategies have been receiving attention due to the enhancement of environmental awareness and the emphasis on food safety. The use of biopesticides for disease control is an important approach for biological control. Generally, pesticides prepared by using living organisms, biological metabolites or organism-specific genes, such as agricultural antibiotics, microbial pesticides, plant-derived pesticides, etc., can be classified as biopesticides.
Herbicidin A (Herbicolin A) is a lipopeptide containing eight amino acids which was first isolated from Erwinia herbicola A111 fermentation broth by Winkelmann et al 1980. Research shows that the alopecuroxime A has inhibiting effect on plant pathogenic fungi such as rice blast, fusarium graminearum and botrytis cinerea as well as human conditional pathogenic bacteria such as candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus. The alopecuroxime A has a unique bacteriostatic mechanism, can destroy the structure of lipid rafts on a membrane by combining ergosterol on a fusarium graminearum cell membrane, thereby exerting bacteriostatic activity, and can be used as a good biological source pesticide for biological control.
Figure BDA0003723395800000011
At present, the synthetic route of the alopecuroxime axetil is clearly researched, but the fermentation yield of the alopecuroxime axetil is still low (only about 30 mg/L), the horizontal difference with the industrial production is large, and in order to improve the yield of the alopecuroxime axetil, the biocontrol effect of the strain ZJU23 is improved on one hand, and the application of the alopecuroxime axetil in agriculture and medicine is promoted on the other hand. It is necessary to further optimize the fermentation process, improve the fermentation conditions and fully exert the potential production capacity of the strain, thereby laying a foundation for the subsequent research of the application of the alopecurosporin A in agriculture and medicine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high yield of alopecuroxime A and a fermentation method, which improve the yield of the alopecuroxime A and lay a foundation for the subsequent research of the application of the alopecuroxime A in agriculture and medicine.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a high-yield pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium, which comprises: 10-20 g/L corn steep liquor, 8-12 g/L glycerin, 8-12 mM calcium chloride, 12-17 mM threonine, and an initial pH of 4.0-6.0.
Further, the fermentation medium is: 15g/L corn steep liquor, 10g/L glycerol, 10mM calcium chloride, 15mM threonine, initial pH 5.0.
The invention also provides a fermentation method for high-yield herbicidin A, which comprises the following steps: inoculating the Pantoea agglomerans into a fermentation culture medium for fermentation; the fermentation medium is as described above; the fermentation temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 50-75 h.
Further, the Pantoea agglomerans is Pantoea agglomerans (Pantoea agglomerans) ZJU23, the preservation number of the strain is CGMCC No.16174, and the preservation date is 7 months and 30 days in 2018.
Further, the inoculation amount of said Enterobacter agglomerans was 1X 10 8 CFU。
Further, the fermentation temperature is 20 ℃, and the fermentation time is 72 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, on the basis of an original culture medium, a basic fermentation culture medium is screened again, and experimental Design methods such as a single-factor test, a Plackett-Burman test, a Box-Benhnken Design test, a response surface method and the like are carried out, so that the novel fermentation culture medium and the culture conditions of the alopecin A are optimized, the optimized culture medium is rich in raw materials, the culture medium is used for fermenting Pantoea agglomerans ZJU23, the yield of the alopecin A can reach 211.1mg/L, and is increased by 542% compared with the original fermentation conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a standard curve of the concentration of alopecurosporine A versus the area of the absorption peak.
FIG. 2 shows the amounts of cephalosporin A produced in different media;
wherein TA is TA culture medium, LB is Luria-Bertani culture medium, KB is King's B culture medium, TSB is tryptone soy peptone culture medium, NB is nutrient broth, and WA is Warkingsman culture medium.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of different nitrogen sources (A), carbon sources (B), inorganic salts (C) and amino acids (D) on the production of herbicidin A.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of different medium ingredient additions and different culture conditions on the production of herbicidin A;
wherein A is the influence of corn steep liquor with different concentrations on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, B is the influence of glycerin with different concentrations on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, C is the influence of calcium chloride with different concentrations on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, D is the influence of threonine with different concentrations on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, E is the influence of different fermentation times on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, F is the influence of different fermentation temperatures on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, G is the influence of different initial pH values on the yield of the alopecuromycin A, and H is the influence of different strain inoculation amounts on the yield of the alopecuromycin A.
FIG. 5 is an analysis of the results of the Plackett-Burman experimental design;
wherein, (A) is a normal probability chart; (B) is a semi-normal graph of the normalized effect; (C) is a pareto chart.
FIG. 6 is a graph of response surface analysis of the effect of different factors on the production of herbicidin A;
wherein, A is a contour diagram of the interaction between corn steep liquor and an initial pH value, B is a response surface diagram of the interaction between the corn steep liquor and the initial pH value, C is a contour diagram of the interaction between the corn steep liquor and temperature, D is a response surface diagram of the interaction between the corn steep liquor and temperature, E is a contour diagram of the interaction between the temperature and the initial pH value, and F is a response surface diagram of the interaction between the temperature and the initial pH value.
FIG. 7 shows the variation of the yields of cephalosporin A in the TA medium and the fermentation medium of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A fermentation method for high-yield Axiella oxytoca utilizes minitab17 and Design Expert 12 software to screen new culture medium raw materials through a single-factor test, analyzes the influence of different raw material usage amounts and fermentation parameters on the yield of Axiella oxytoca, and determines the level of a Plackett-Burman test. The fermentation medium comprises: 15g/L corn steep liquor, 10g/L glycerol, 10mM calcium chloride, 15mM threonine, initial pH 5.0. The Pantoea agglomerans described in this example is Pantoea agglomerans (Pantoea agglomerans) ZJU23, the preservation number of the strain is CGMCC No.16174, and the preservation date is 2018, 7 months and 30 days.
The yield of the prorocentrum graminum A produced by fermenting the pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 is used as a response value, 8 influence factors are evaluated, main effect factors are screened out, the main effect factors are used as factors for response surface design, a mathematical model between the response value and each factor is established, and the highest yield of the prorocentrum graminum A is predicted according to the model.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the detection method of the alopecuroxime A comprises the following steps: in this example, the amount of aloesin A produced in the fermentation broth was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The fermentation broth was centrifuged to remove the primary treatment and used for HPLC assay. The test was carried out using a ZorBax RX C-18250 x4.6mm column at 40 ℃ with a sample size of 10. mu.L and an ultraviolet absorption peak of 210 nm. The mobile phase is as follows: solution A (methanol with 0.1% formic acid), solution B (deionized water with 0.1% phosphoric acid). The sample injection procedure is as follows: 0-30min, 30% A-90% A; 30-40min, 90% A-100% A, the total proportion of the solution A and the solution B is 100%, and the flow rate is 1 mL/min.
Preparation of a standard curve: HPLC was performed with the alopecuromycin A standard and a standard curve was plotted (FIG. 1). The standard curve equation is: y is 7.5214X, Y is the corresponding peak area, X is the corresponding Eurotium pratenseConcentration of the element A. R is 2 =0.9988。
(2) Screening of basal Medium
The seed solution was obtained by shaking overnight, the OD was adjusted to 1.0, and the seed solution was inoculated at a ratio of 1:1000, and cultured at 25 ℃ and 180rpm for 72 hours, with three replicates per experiment. The content of the alopecuroxime A in the supernatant of the fermentation liquor is determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The medium composition in test 6 is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 culture Medium formulation (for basal Medium screening)
Figure BDA0003723395800000041
As shown in FIG. 2, King's B medium produced the highest amount of aloesin A among the 6 media, reaching 87.42 mg/L. Therefore, King's B medium was used as the basal medium for continued optimization.
(3) Single factor assay to determine the level of Plackett-Burman assay
The fermentation yield of alopecurosin A of Pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 was determined with the King's B medium as the basal medium, i.e., 10g/L peptone, 15g/L glycerol, 1.5g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 6g/L magnesium sulfate, in place of the corresponding test subjects, and the others were unchanged. Each set of experiments was set up in triplicate.
And (3) screening of nitrogen sources: selecting 9 raw materials of corn steep liquor, tryptone, yeast powder, beef extract, soybean peptone, casein hydrolysate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and urea as nitrogen sources, replacing the peptone, and measuring the influence of the peptone on the alopecuromycin A. As shown in FIG. 3A, the content of alopecurosin A was highest up to 109.21mg/L with soybean peptone as the nitrogen source, while HPLC failed to detect the production of alopecurosin A when inorganic nitrogen sources such as ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, urea were used. Therefore, corn steep liquor is selected as a new nitrogen source.
Screening of carbon sources: and (3) selecting 8 different carbon sources (starch, mannitol, maltose, lactose, glucose, sucrose, dextrin and fructose) to replace glycerol as a culture medium raw material, and determining the influence of the carbon sources on the yield of the alopecurosporin A. As shown in FIG. 3B, when glycerol was used as the carbon source, the highest content of the cephalosporin A in the fermentation broth was 89.90mg/L, and fructose, lactose and maltose were 70.73mg/L,66.68mg/L and 66.06mg/L, respectively.
Screening inorganic salts: manganese sulfate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate are respectively added into the culture medium to replace the original magnesium sulfate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate in the King' sB culture medium, the final concentration is 1mM, the influence of different salt particles on the synthesis of the alopecin A is determined, and inorganic salt is not added as a control. As shown in FIG. 3C, the highest production of the alopecurosporine A was obtained by 153.65mg/L, 150.82mg/L and 151.58mg/L, respectively, when calcium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate were added, the difference was not large, and when zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate were added to concentrate inorganic salts, the strain did not grow well and the alopecurosporine A in the fermentation broth could not be detected. Finally, calcium chloride is selected as a new culture medium raw material.
Screening of exogenous amino acid: the effect of 20 common amino acids on the production of alopecin A was explored, with a final concentration of 10mM after addition. As shown in FIG. 3D, the addition of threonine resulted in the greatest improvement in the production of oxalomadin A, which was 146.74mg/L, and some amino acids had inhibitory effects on the synthesis of oxalomadin A. Therefore, threonine is selected as a new medium material.
Finally, the new culture medium raw materials are determined as follows: glycerol, corn steep liquor, calcium chloride and threonine.
According to the new culture medium formula, 10g/L of glycerol, 15g/L of corn steep liquor, 1mM of calcium chloride, 10mM of threonine and pH 7.0 are used as basic culture media for the experiment, the influence of different contents of culture medium raw materials and different parameters of fermentation conditions, such as fermentation time, fermentation temperature, initial fermentation pH and fermentation seed liquid inoculation quantity, on the yield of the cephalosporin A in the pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 is examined, and the result is shown in FIG. 4.
From the results obtained, the level of the Plackett-Burman test was determined, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 factors and levels in Plackett-Burman test design
Figure BDA0003723395800000051
(4) Determination of major Effector by Plackett-Burman test
The Plackett-Burman test is a two-level experimental design method for rapidly and efficiently screening several of the most important factors from a plurality of influencing factors. The level of the Plackett-Burman experiment was determined on the basis of a one-factor experiment, and the experimental design was determined using minitab17 software. A PB experiment design module with n-12 is selected to evaluate 8 factors of corn steep liquor (A), glycerol (B), calcium chloride (C), threonine (D), fermentation time (E), fermentation temperature (F), initial pH (G) and strain inoculation amount (H), and several factors which have obvious influence on the yield of the alopecin A are screened out. Test design results are shown in table 3. The data analysis results are shown in table 4 and fig. 5. As can be seen, 3 factors of the corn steep liquor (A), the fermentation temperature (F) and the initial pH (G) have more remarkable influence (p is less than 0.05), and the factors are used as main effect factors for subsequent response surface optimization.
TABLE 3 Plackett-Burman test design Table and results
Figure BDA0003723395800000061
Analysis of variance of the Effect of 48 factors on the production of herbicidin A
Figure BDA0003723395800000062
Figure BDA0003723395800000071
(5) Response surface test design: according to the Plackett-Burman test result, 3 factors of corn steep liquor (A), fermentation temperature (F) and initial pH (G) are selected as independent variables, the output of the herbicidin A is taken as a response value, response surface Design is carried out by using Design-Expert 12 software according to the Box-Behnken principle, the fermentation process of the pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 is optimized, and the output of the herbicidin A is improved. The results of 3 replicates for each combination, with-1, 0, 1 representing the three levels of independent variable, were averaged and the design of the experiment and the results analyzed are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 Box-Behnken Experimental design sheet and results
Figure BDA0003723395800000072
Figure BDA0003723395800000081
TABLE 6 analysis of variance of Box-Behnken experimental design results
Figure BDA0003723395800000082
Establishing a regression model and analyzing variance: each combination was tested in 3 replicates and the average was taken as the result of production of herbicidin A. The multiple quadratic regression equation of the yield of the herbicidin a to the corn steep liquor (a), the fermentation temperature (F) and the initial ph (g) was obtained by regression fitting the experimental data with software and performing significance test and analysis of variance on the equation: y-170.9 + 28.4A-24.3B-12.5C-14 AB-6.9AC +20BC-25A 2 -26.3B 2 -21.53C 2 ,R 2 0.9830, the model is good for test fitting, and can be used for predicting the test result. The test result shows that: the influence of 3 factors on the yield of the prorocentrum A in ZJU23 is as follows in sequence: initial pH>Corn steep liquor>The fermentation temperature; the significance of the regression equation coefficients is verified as follows: A. b, C, A2, B2 and C2 are extremely significant (p)<0.01), AB is significant (p)<0.05), the rest are not significant.
Determining and verifying optimal conditions of the response surface: drawing (A)And 6, intuitively presenting a response surface analysis chart of the interaction of each factor. From the response surface, a range of levels of the optimal factor can be determined. Through analysis of the regression model, the optimal conditions for producing the alopecurosporin A through fermentation of the Pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 can be determined as follows: 14.9g/L of corn steep liquor; glycerol, 10 g/L; calcium chloride, 1 mM; threonine, 15 mM; fermentation time is 60 hours; the fermentation temperature is 20.3 ℃; initial pH, 5.0; inoculum size of strain, 1X 10 8 CFU, the maximum value that the model can take at this time, is 204.5 mg/L.
Example 2
To test the effectiveness of this model, repeated experiments were performed in shake flasks according to the optimal fermentation conditions described above, with the following specific steps:
obtaining seed liquid of pantoea agglomerans ZJU 23: inoculating the ring-inoculating strain into a seed culture medium, wherein the culture temperature is 30 ℃, the liquid loading amount in a 15mL test tube is 5mL, the rotating speed of a shaking table is 180rpm, and the culture time is 10 h. The seed medium used in this example consisted of: tryptone, 10 g/L; yeast extract, 5 g/L; sodium chloride, 10g/L, pH adjusted to 7.2.
Obtaining a fermentation liquid of pantoea agglomerans ZJU 23: fermenting in 250mL triangular flask, inoculating the seed liquid into 100mL fermentation medium with the inoculation amount of 1 × 10 8 A CFU; the fermentation temperature is 20 ℃, the rotating speed of a shaking table is 180rpm, and the fermentation time is 72 h. The fermentation medium comprises the following components: 14.9g/L of corn steep liquor; glycerol, 10 g/L; calcium chloride, 1 mM; threonine, 15 mM; initial pH, 5.0.
After fermentation, the fermentation broth is centrifuged to collect the supernatant.
TA Medium was used as a control and TA medium was previously reported as a fermentation medium for herbicidin A. The culture medium comprises: dipotassium phosphate, 8 g/L; 2g/L of ammonium sulfate; 0.5g/L of sodium citrate dihydrate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1 g/L; glucose, 20g/L (sterilized alone); tris, 24.2g/L, pH adjusted to 6.8. The corresponding fermentation method comprises the following steps: the fermentation was carried out using a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask, and the seed solution was inoculated into 100mL of TA Medium in an amount of 1X 10 8 A CFU; the fermentation temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed of a shaking table is 180rpm, and the fermentation time is 72 h. After fermentation is finished, the fermentation liquor is centrifugally collectedAnd taking the supernatant.
The actual yield of the finally obtained alopecuroxime A is 211.1mg/L and is close to the theoretical prediction value, which shows that the model is very reliable, can well predict the actual fermentation condition, and has certain guiding significance for the large-scale fermentation production in the future. With the fermentation process of the present invention, the yield of the herbicidin A is about 6.4 times that of the initial fermentation conditions.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high production of oxalomadin a, said fermentation medium comprising: 10-20 g/L corn steep liquor, 8-12 g/L glycerin, 8-12 mM calcium chloride, 12-17 mM threonine, and an initial pH of 4.0-6.0.
2. The fermentation medium of pantoea agglomerans of high yield of eotaxin a according to claim 1, wherein said fermentation medium is: 15g/L corn steep liquor, 10g/L glycerol, 10mM calcium chloride, 15mM threonine, initial pH 5.0.
3. A fermentation method for high-yield Axifragin A is characterized by comprising the following steps: inoculating the Pantoea agglomerans into a fermentation culture medium for fermentation;
the fermentation medium is as defined in any one of claims 1 or 2; the fermentation temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 50-75 h.
4. The fermentation method according to claim 3, wherein said Pantoea agglomerans is Pantoea agglomerans (Pantoea agglomerans) ZJU23 with the strain collection number of CGMCC No.16174 and the collection date of 7 months and 30 days in 2018.
5. As claimed in claim 3The fermentation method of Enterobacter of (1), wherein the amount of the inoculated Enterobacter agglomerans is 1X 10 8 CFU。
6. The fermentation process of claim 3, wherein the fermentation temperature is 20 ℃ and the fermentation time is 72 hours.
CN202210769497.8A 2022-03-16 2022-06-30 Pantoea agglomerans fermentation medium for high-yield grass eumycin A and fermentation method Active CN115109724B (en)

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CN104593270A (en) * 2015-01-24 2015-05-06 温州大学 Method for cultivating schizochytrium oil-producing grease employing schizochytrium and crude glycerine
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