CN115109614A - Anti-coking and anti-pinch belt process method for waste mineral oil regenerated base oil - Google Patents

Anti-coking and anti-pinch belt process method for waste mineral oil regenerated base oil Download PDF

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CN115109614A
CN115109614A CN202110309724.4A CN202110309724A CN115109614A CN 115109614 A CN115109614 A CN 115109614A CN 202110309724 A CN202110309724 A CN 202110309724A CN 115109614 A CN115109614 A CN 115109614A
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CN115109614B (en
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李晶
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G55/00Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process
    • C10G55/02Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only
    • C10G55/04Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials
    • C10G2300/1007Used oils
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/74Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process method for preventing coking and preventing belt clamping of waste mineral oil regenerated base oil, which comprises the following steps: (1) an alkali solution neutralization waste engine oil mixing unit; (2) a waste mineral oil heating vacuum dehydration unit; (3) the O-shaped tube furnace-normal pressure kettle high-speed circulating heating system provides a heat unit for the three-line-reduction high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit; (4) a light component oil removing unit; (5) a second-line-reduced vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit; (6) a three-line-reducing high vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit; (7) a residue carbonization unit; (8) a base oil solvent extraction unit; (9) an extract oil solvent recovery unit; (10) a refined liquid raffinate oil recovery unit; (11) a non-condensable gas processing unit. The waste engine oil of the invention circulates at low temperature and high speed, completely avoids the problems of equipment coking and high boiling point materials carried by oil gas, has no secondary pollution, is green and environment-friendly, reduces energy consumption, has high oil yield, less equipment investment and safe and reliable production.

Description

Anti-coking and anti-pinch belt process method for waste mineral oil regenerated base oil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste mineral oil regeneration treatment technology and waste mineral oil solvent refining regenerated lubricating oil base oil technology, in particular to a waste mineral oil regenerated base oil anti-coking and anti-pinch belt process method.
Background
When the lubricating oil contacts with the air and the metal surface in the using process, the lubricating oil is at a local high temperature or a certain temperature condition, the water content of the lubricating oil is increased, the lubricating oil is degraded at a high temperature, oil products are oxidized to generate polar substances, such as acid, aldehyde, ketone and condensation products, which are dissolved in the oil to corrode the metal friction surface, and the polar substances are deposited after the solubility of the lubricating oil is gradually saturated or the temperature is reduced to form oil sludge, so that the viscosity of the lubricating oil is increased, the friction coefficient is increased, and the use instruction of machine equipment is greatly influenced. Therefore, lubricating oil needs to be replaced regularly, the existing technology for improving the replaced waste oil has some defects and process defects, the production temperature (maximum 320 ℃) is insufficient by adopting heat conduction oil to heat in the regeneration process of the existing waste mineral oil, and the heating of a tubular furnace can generate a local overheating cracking phenomenon to cause technical process problems of equipment system coking, entrainment and the like in the regeneration and utilization process of the waste mineral oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-coking and anti-pinch process method for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil, which adopts a falling film rectification process, recovers different distillate oil in distillation units with different temperatures, and separates oxide, colloid and aromatic hydrocarbon components through solvent refining to prepare II-type base oil reaching the standard, can completely eliminate the problems of equipment coking and oil gas entrainment of high-boiling residues, has no secondary pollution, is green and environment-friendly, reduces energy consumption, has high oil yield, less equipment investment, and is safe and reliable in production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a process method for preventing coking and preventing belt clamping of waste mineral oil regenerated base oil, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) an alkali solution neutralization waste engine oil mixing unit: waste mineral oil enters a prestoring tank, is added with 0.3 to 0.5 percent alkali saturated solution and is uniformly stirred, enters a second-reduction and third-reduction oil-gas separation tank condenser for convective heat exchange, and enters a pressure reduction dehydration unit;
(2) waste mineral oil heating vacuum dehydration unit: entering a condenser of an oil-gas separation tank for reducing two and three for heat convection, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, performing vacuum flash evaporation gasification to pull out water in oil, and pumping the oil into a tubular furnace for normal-pressure high-speed circulation heating of an atmospheric and vacuum unit;
(3) the O-shaped tube furnace-normal pressure kettle high-speed circulating heating system provides heat for the three-line reduction high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit; the dehydrated waste mineral oil is circularly heated at a high speed by a tubular furnace and a normal-pressure reaction kettle, and the temperature is controlled at 350 ℃;
(4) light component oil removing unit: normal-pressure reduction high-temperature circulating oil is heated to 350 ℃, the oil enters a first-line reduction cyclone oil-gas separation tank for flash evaporation gasification separation of light component oil, the vacuum degree is controlled at 50KPa, and the heavy component oil enters a second-line reduction oil-gas separation unit;
(5) two-line-reduced high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit: heavy component oil of the first-line-reduced cyclone oil-gas separation tank enters the second-line-reduced cyclone oil-gas separation tank, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 2KPa, the second-line base oil component is separated out and enters a second-line-reduced oil receiving tank for temporary storage, and the heavy component oil enters a third-line-reduced oil-gas separation unit;
(6) three-line-reducing high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit: separating heavy component oil after two-line oil reduction, feeding the heavy component oil into a three-line cyclone oil-gas separation tank, circularly heating the bottom of the tank and an atmospheric kettle, controlling the vacuum degree below 500Pa, separating out three-line base oil components, feeding the three-line base oil components into a three-line oil reduction receiving tank for temporary storage, and feeding the heavy residual oil into a residual oil receiving tank for temporary storage;
(7) residual oil carbonization unit: the heavy component residual oil enters a high-temperature rotary furnace, the temperature is controlled at 450 ℃ for carbonization, the produced fuel oil is cooled and then enters a fuel oil prestoring tank, and the carbon black is subjected to harmless treatment;
(8) a base oil solvent extraction unit: reducing two, respectively carrying out ozone oxidation on the three-line base oil, then feeding the three-line base oil into a heat exchanger for convective heat exchange, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃, feeding the three-line base oil into a static mixer for mixing with a solvent, then feeding the mixture into a disk centrifuge for centrifugal separation, and respectively obtaining refined liquid raffinate oil and extract oil, wherein the temperature of the solvent is controlled to be 60 ℃;
(9) an extract oil solvent recovery unit: pumping the extract oil into an evaporator, gasifying and drawing out a light component as a solvent, cooling and then feeding the solvent into a receiving tank, pumping the rest heavy component into a film evaporator, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, gasifying and drawing out a small amount of the light component solvent, cooling and then feeding the solvent into the receiving tank, pumping the heavy component as extract oil into a storage tank through a pump;
(10) refined liquid raffinate oil recovery unit: pumping the refined liquid into a double-effect film evaporator to gasify and pull out light components as a solvent, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, cooling the solvent, then feeding the cooled solvent into a receiving tank, pumping the rest components as base oil into a storage tank for storage, and recycling the recovered solvent for recycling;
(11) a noncondensable gas treatment unit: the non-condensable gas generated in the production process enters a combustion chamber for incineration through a water seal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the waste engine oil circulates at a low temperature and a high speed, the problems of equipment coking and oil gas carrying high-boiling residues are completely solved, secondary pollution is avoided, the environment is protected, the energy consumption is reduced, the oil yield is high, the equipment investment is low, and the production is safe and reliable.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process method for preventing coking and preventing belt clamping of the waste mineral oil regenerated base oil provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the anti-coking and anti-pinch process method for the waste mineral oil regenerated base oil comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pumping 10 tons of used engine oil and 0.03 ton of potassium hydroxide saturated solution into a used engine oil stirring tank and uniformly stirring;
(2) heating the waste engine oil to 150 ℃, entering a cyclone flash tower for vacuum dehydration and light oil, wherein the vacuum degree is 100pa, and obtaining 9.9 tons of anhydrous pretreatment waste engine oil; 0.1 ton of water;
(3) pumping the anhydrous waste engine oil into an O-shaped tube furnace-normal pressure kettle heating system to circularly heat to 350 ℃ at a high speed (3.3m/s), and providing heat for a three-way reducing distillation unit;
(4) the normal-pressure and high-temperature circulating oil is heated to 350 ℃, enters a first-line reduction cyclone oil-gas separation tank for flash evaporation, gasification and separation of light component oil, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 50KPa, and the heavy component oil enters a second-line reduction oil-gas separation unit; separating light component oil by 0.4 ton;
(5) heavy component oil in the first-line-reduced cyclone oil-gas separation tank enters the second-line-reduced cyclone oil-gas separation tank, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 2KPa, the two-line base oil component is separated out and enters the second-line-reduced oil receiving tank for temporary storage, 6 tons of SN150 component oil are separated, and the heavy component oil enters the third-line-reduced oil-gas separation unit;
(6) separating heavy component oil after two-line oil reduction, feeding the heavy component oil into a three-line reduction cyclone oil-gas separation tank, circularly heating the bottom of the tank and a normal pressure kettle, controlling the vacuum degree at 300Pa, separating out three-line base oil components, feeding the three-line reduction cyclone oil-gas separation tank for temporary storage, and feeding the heavy residual oil into a residual oil receiving tank for temporary storage; 2 tons of component oil with SN above 250 and 1.5 tons of tower bottom oil are separated;
(7) pumping the tower bottom oil into a rotary kiln for carbonization treatment to produce 1.1 ton of fuel oil and 0.3 ton of carbon black, controlling the temperature to be 450 ℃, and controlling the quantity of non-condensable gas to be 0.1 ton;
(8) respectively carrying out ozone oxidation on the three-line base oil, then feeding the base oil into a heat exchanger for heat convection, feeding the base oil into a static mixer for mixing with a solvent, then feeding the mixture into a disc centrifuge for three-stage convection extraction, and respectively obtaining refined liquid raffinate oil and extract oil to separate extract oil and raffinate oil; the agent-oil ratio is 1:1, the temperature of a heat exchanger is controlled at 70 ℃, and the solvent is NMP;
(9) the extract oil passes through a reboiler, and the solvent and the bottom oil of the tower are recovered by a film evaporator by 0.48 ton; controlling the temperature to be 150 ℃;
(10) 7.52 tons of base oil and solvent are recovered from raffinate oil by a double-effect thin film evaporator, the temperature is controlled to be 130 ℃, a vacuum pump is utilized to vacuumize a distillation system of the thin film evaporator, the vacuum degree is 300pa, and the solvent is recycled.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (1)

1. The anti-coking and anti-pinch belt-preventing process method for the regenerated base oil of the waste mineral oil is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) alkali solution neutralization used oil mixing unit: waste mineral oil enters a prestoring tank, is added with 0.3 to 0.5 percent alkali saturated solution and is uniformly stirred, enters a second-reduction and third-reduction oil-gas separation tank condenser for convective heat exchange, and enters a pressure reduction dehydration unit;
(2) waste mineral oil heating vacuum dehydration unit: entering a condenser of an oil-gas separation tank for reducing two and three for heat convection, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, performing vacuum flash evaporation gasification to pull out water in oil, and pumping the oil into a tubular furnace for normal-pressure high-speed circulation heating of an atmospheric and vacuum unit;
(3) the O-shaped tube furnace-normal pressure kettle high-speed circulating heating system provides a heat unit for the three-line-reduction high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit; the dehydrated waste mineral oil is circularly heated at a high speed by a tubular furnace and a normal-pressure reaction kettle, and the temperature is controlled at 350 ℃;
(4) a light component oil removing unit: the normal-pressure and high-temperature circulating oil is heated to 350 ℃, enters a first-line reduction cyclone oil-gas separation tank for flash evaporation, gasification and separation of light component oil, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 50KPa, and the heavy component oil enters a second-line reduction oil-gas separation unit;
(5) a second-line reduction vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit: the first-line-reduced heavy component oil enters a first-line-reduced cyclone oil-gas separation tank, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 2KPa, the second-line base oil component is separated out and enters a second-line-reduced oil receiving tank for temporary storage, and the heavy component oil enters a third-line-reduced oil-gas separation unit;
(6) three-line-reducing high-vacuum cyclone gasification distillation unit: separating heavy component oil after two-line oil reduction, feeding the heavy component oil into a three-line cyclone oil-gas separation tank, circularly heating the bottom of the tank and an atmospheric kettle, controlling the vacuum degree below 500Pa, separating out three-line base oil components, feeding the three-line base oil components into a three-line oil reduction receiving tank for temporary storage, and feeding the heavy residual oil into a residual oil receiving tank for temporary storage;
(7) residual oil carbonization unit: the heavy component residual oil enters a high-temperature rotary furnace, the temperature is controlled at 450 ℃ for carbonization, the produced fuel oil is cooled and then enters a fuel oil prestoring tank, and the carbon black is subjected to harmless treatment;
(8) a base oil solvent extraction unit: reducing two, after ozone oxidation, the three-line base oil enters a heat exchanger for convective heat exchange, the temperature is controlled at 70 ℃, the three-line base oil enters a static mixer to be mixed with a solvent, the temperature of the solvent is controlled at 60 ℃, and then the three-line base oil enters a disc centrifuge for centrifugal separation to respectively obtain refined liquid raffinate oil and extract oil;
(9) an extract oil solvent recovery unit: pumping the extract oil into an evaporator, gasifying and drawing out a light component as a solvent, cooling and then feeding the solvent into a receiving tank, pumping the rest heavy component into a film evaporator, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, gasifying and drawing out a small amount of the light component solvent, cooling and then feeding the solvent into the receiving tank, cooling the heavy component into extract oil, and pumping the extract oil into a storage tank by a pump;
(10) a refined liquid raffinate oil recovery unit: pumping the refined liquid into a double-effect film evaporator, gasifying and drawing out light components as a solvent, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, cooling and then feeding the solvent into a receiving tank, pumping the rest components as base oil into a storage tank for storage through a pump, and recycling the solvent for recycling;
(11) a noncondensable gas treatment unit: the non-condensable gas generated in the production process enters a combustion chamber for incineration through a water seal.
CN202110309724.4A 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Process method for coking and entrainment prevention of waste mineral oil regenerated base oil Active CN115109614B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2199697A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2004-02-16 Sener Grupo De Ingenieria Sa Method for regenerating used oils by demetallization and distillation
CA2783608A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-23 Lucie Wheeler Environmental process to transform contaminated or uncontaminated feed materials into useful products, uses of the process, products thereby obtained and uses thereof, manufacturing of the corresponding plant
CN107312568A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-03 爱润森德(天津)能源科技有限公司 A kind of waste mineral oil catalytic pyrolysis utilization system and its processing technology
CN108203594A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-06-26 云南新昊环保科技有限公司 A kind of method of waste mineral oil production fuel oil and lube base oil
CN111394123A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-10 云南新昊环保科技有限公司 Process for refining regenerated base oil of lubricating oil from waste mineral oil solvent

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2199697A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2004-02-16 Sener Grupo De Ingenieria Sa Method for regenerating used oils by demetallization and distillation
CA2783608A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-23 Lucie Wheeler Environmental process to transform contaminated or uncontaminated feed materials into useful products, uses of the process, products thereby obtained and uses thereof, manufacturing of the corresponding plant
CN107312568A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-03 爱润森德(天津)能源科技有限公司 A kind of waste mineral oil catalytic pyrolysis utilization system and its processing technology
CN108203594A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-06-26 云南新昊环保科技有限公司 A kind of method of waste mineral oil production fuel oil and lube base oil
CN111394123A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-10 云南新昊环保科技有限公司 Process for refining regenerated base oil of lubricating oil from waste mineral oil solvent

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