CN115109355A - High-strength PVC (polyvinyl chloride) film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength PVC (polyvinyl chloride) film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/7461—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/24—Calendering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08J2409/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2451/04—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/12—Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of PVC films, and particularly discloses a high-strength PVC film and a preparation method thereof. The PVC film comprises 100 parts of PVC resin, 5-10 parts of impact modifier and 2-6 parts of toughening agent, wherein the impact modifier is MBS resin, and the toughening agent is nitrile butadiene rubber. The preparation method of the PVC film comprises the following steps: metering and mixing the raw materials, carrying out banburying and open milling in sequence after cold stirring after mixing, conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveyer belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, and conveying the cylindrical material filtered by the filter to a calender through the conveyer belt to carry out calendaring molding. The invention adopts the anti-impact modifier, the toughening agent and the PVC resin for blending modification, and the PVC film prepared by the calendering process improves the anti-impact strength of the product and effectively improves the toughness of the product at the same time, thereby replacing the scheme of only adopting a single anti-impact modifier in the prior art and ensuring the anti-impact strength and the toughness of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PVC films, in particular to a high-strength PVC film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The novel KT board is a novel material formed by foaming polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin to generate a board core and laminating a surface film, the board body is stiff and smooth, light, difficult to deteriorate and easy to process, and can be directly used for screen printing, painting and mounting a back glue coating picture and spray painting on the board, and the novel KT board is widely used for aspects such as advertisement display promotion, airplane model airplane, architectural decoration, cultural art and packaging.
The processing steps of the KT plate are as follows: (1) preparing a composite membrane: the PVC film is formed by compounding a PVC facial film with the thickness of 0.045mm and a PS base film with the thickness of 0.045mm after glue is coated on the PVC facial film through a coating machine, wherein the PVC facial film can be a white hard PVC film or a transparent hard PVC film, the PS base film is formed by tape casting and extrusion, and the thickness of the composite film is 0.09 mm; (2) stretching: heating the composite film to the temperature of 100-110 ℃ by a heating wheel, and stretching the composite film by 4.5 times, namely, stretching the composite film with the original thickness of 0.09mm to 0.02 mm; (3) bonding and printing: and (3) heating the PVC foaming plate to the temperature of 100-110 ℃ by a heating wheel, attaching the stretched composite film on the PVC foaming plate to prepare a KT plate, and performing spray painting and screen printing to prepare the advertising board.
The existing KT board has insufficient mechanical strength and toughness of a PVC film, when the film is stretched to 4.5 times, holes, fracture, edge cracks and brittle fracture are easy to occur, small fish scale cracks are generated on the surface, and the effect of advertisement printing is influenced. In response to the technical problem, the prior art has a solution to increase the strength and toughness of the product by adding an impact modifier, but a single impact modifier cannot significantly increase the toughness of the product, so that the strength and toughness of the existing PVC film are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-strength PVC film and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the high-strength PVC film is characterized in that the raw material components for preparing the PVC film comprise 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, 5-10 parts by weight of impact modifier and 2-6 parts by weight of toughening agent, wherein the impact modifier is MBS resin, and the toughening agent is nitrile butadiene rubber.
According to the invention, the impact modifier and the toughening agent are added into the matrix PVC resin, specifically, the MBS resin is selected as the impact modifier, the MBS resin has good compatibility with the PVC resin and has high impact resistance at room temperature or low temperature, so that the impact strength of the prepared PVC film is improved, the brittle fracture strength of the product is improved, and the cold resistance and the processing fluidity of the PVC film can be improved. According to the weight portion, the MBS resin is 5-10, if the amount is lower, the low-temperature impact resistance is insufficient, and the use of the product is influenced by the brittle fracture condition when the MBS resin is used in a low-temperature environment; if the amount is too high, the cost is too high, and meanwhile, the improvement of the impact resistance performance is not obvious after the amount reaches a certain proportion.
The nitrile rubber is selected as the toughening agent, has excellent intermiscibility with PVC, and can improve the elasticity and flexibility of the product. The nitrile rubber accounts for 2-6 parts by weight, if the dosage is lower, the toughness is insufficient, and when the film is stretched to 4.5 times, the phenomena of hole breaking, fracture, edge cracking and easy brittle fracture are easy to occur; if the usage is higher, the material is softer due to the higher usage, which may cause air bubbles during drying and further affect the effect of advertisement printing.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the raw materials further comprise a plasticizer which is trioctyl trimellitate and has the plasticizing effect, so that the heat resistance of the rear section of the product is improved, and the hardness of the product is adjusted. Calculated according to the weight portion, the trioctyl trimellitate accounts for 10 portions, and if the dosage of the plasticizer is too low, the oil content of the product can be influenced, so that the oil content of the product is too low, and the material is harder; if the amount of the plasticizer is too high, the oil content is too high, the material is too soft, bubbles are generated during drying, and the effect of advertisement printing is affected.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the raw materials also comprise a processing aid, the processing aid is an acrylate processing aid ACR, the acrylate processing aid has good compatibility with PVC and good dispersibility, and can improve the fluidity in the processing process, so that the processing aid is easier to mold and extrude, the stability of long-time processing and molding is ensured, the plasticizing is uniform, and the surface effects of the product such as surface gloss, air spots, landscape patterns and the like can be improved. In the process of preparing the PVC film, a calendaring process is matched, and a proper amount of acrylate processing aid ACR is added, so that surface wrinkles can be overcome, the material can be wrapped in a roll, and bubbles can be reduced. The weight portion of the acrylic ester processing aid ACR is 2 portions.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, the raw material further comprises at least one of a stabilizer, a filler and a pigment.
Preferably, the stabilizer is a barium-zinc composite stabilizer or an organic tin stabilizer, and the addition of the stabilizer can improve the processing heat resistance of the product and prevent the product from being decomposed in the processing process. The barium-zinc composite stabilizer or the organic tin stabilizer is 3 parts by weight, if the dosage is lower, the heat resistance is insufficient, and the conditions of scorching, yellowing of color, easy adhesion of processing parts, difficult processing and the like appear in the processing process; if the amount is too high, the slipperiness is excessive, the surface is separated out, and the surface quality is poor, thereby affecting the effect of advertisement printing.
The filler is selected from nano active calcium carbonate.
Specifically, through controlling the optimal proportioning relation among the raw materials, the raw materials have synergistic effect, the impact strength and the toughness of the PVC film are guaranteed, and meanwhile, the effect and the quality of the PVC film during advertisement printing can be improved.
A preparation method of a PVC film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: metering all the raw materials, and then feeding the raw materials into a mixer for mixing to obtain a polymer blend;
(2) banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying;
(3) open mixing: conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill through a conveying belt for open milling;
(4) and (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveying belt to filter impurities and further plasticizing;
(5) rolling: and conveying the cylindrical material filtered by the filter to a calender by a conveyer belt for calendering and molding to obtain the PVC film.
Preferably, the preparation method of the PVC film comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and feeding the raw materials into a mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing comprises low-speed mixing and high-speed mixing which are sequentially carried out, the low-speed mixing time is 10-30 seconds, when the low-speed mixing time is less than the mixing time, under the condition that the raw materials are not completely mixed preliminarily, the materials can splash, the mixing is not uniform, and the mixing speed is 100-200 r/min;
the high-speed mixing time is 200-400 seconds, the mixing speed is 400-500r/min, and the blended polymer with the material temperature of 100-120 ℃ is formed after the mixing is finished. The mixing time within the range must be satisfied, if the high-speed mixing time is too short, the temperature of the mixed material cannot reach 100-120 ℃, the moisture and the small molecular substances in the material cannot volatilize, the blending modification cannot be completed in the process, and if the mixing time is too long, the temperature is too high, and the phenomena of material burning and agglomeration easily occur in the mixer. The toughening agent nitrile rubber must be manually added during high-speed mixing, and the nitrile rubber is a pasty high-viscosity substance and must be added during high-speed mixing to be uniformly mixed.
(2) Banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying, so as to play a role in preliminary plasticization. Specifically, the planetary screw extruder comprises a central screw, planetary screws and an outer sleeve barrel, wherein the temperature of the central screw is 165-185 ℃, the number of the planetary screws is 6-18, the temperature of the planetary screws is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of the barrel is 165-185 ℃, the temperatures of the central screw and the barrel are 165-185 ℃, the temperature is the optimal plasticizing temperature of the PVC resin, the temperature is lower than the optimal plasticizing temperature, the phenomenon of nonuniform internal mixing can occur, and the temperature is higher than the optimal plasticizing temperature, the internal mixing time is easy to be too long (the internal mixing time is 3-5 minutes), and the phenomena of material burning and decomposition can occur. The materials entering the planetary screw extruder are subjected to high-temperature banburying to form a plurality of strip-shaped colloidal molten materials, and the colloidal molten materials are conveyed to an open mill through a conveying belt for open milling.
(3) Open mixing: and (3) conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt, further plasticizing the colloidal molten materials preliminarily plasticized in the step (2), and further improving the plasticization of the materials. The open mill comprises two rollers, namely an roller A and a roller B, wherein the temperature of the roller A is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of the roller B is 165-185 ℃, and the gap between the roller A and the roller B is 0.8-1.2 cm. The shearing force of the material is enhanced and the plasticizing performance of the material is improved by utilizing the rotation in the directions of the speed difference and the temperature difference between the roller A and the roller B.
(4) And (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter by a conveying belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, wherein the temperature of the filter is 160-mesh and 180-mesh, and the mesh number of the filter screen is 150-mesh and 200-mesh;
(5) rolling: the cylindrical material filtered by the filter is conveyed to a calender by a conveyer belt for calendering and molding, and the calendering and molding temperature is 150-200 ℃. Specifically, the adopted calender is a five-roller calender, wherein the temperature of the roller No. 1 is 185-200 ℃, the rotating speed is 15-18m/min, the temperature of the roller No. 2 is 185-200 ℃, the rotating speed is 18-21m/min, the temperature of the roller No. 3 is 180-190 ℃, the rotating speed is 21-25m/min, the temperature of the roller No. 4 is 175-195 ℃, the rotating speed is 24-28m/min, the temperature of the roller No. 5 is 150-175 ℃, and the rotating speed is 27-31 m/min. Compared with the prior art in which a 4-roll calender is adopted for calendering, the tensile strength of the film can be improved by about 5% by adopting a 5-roll calender for calendering. Because the calendering process is the final forming process of the product, the temperature directly influences the quality indexes of the product, such as plasticizing effect, surface effect, glossiness, thickness and the like, the material cannot burn and decompose when the temperature is too high in the calendering process for about 30 seconds, but the quality problems of poor plasticizing, poor surface quality, low glossiness and the like can occur when the temperature is too low.
Further, the preparation method of the PVC film also comprises post-treatment of the PVC film, wherein the post-treatment comprises drawing, cooling, reeling and packaging, and plays roles of stripping, cooling, sizing, reeling and packaging, wherein the drawing temperature is 165-175 ℃, the PVC film is conveyed through 1 group-3 groups of chilled water and 1 group-3 groups of normal temperature water by a cooling wheel, and the cooled and sized PVC film is reeled and packaged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the impact modifier, the toughening agent and the PVC resin are blended and modified, and the PVC film prepared by the calendering process improves the impact strength of the product and effectively improves the toughness of the product, replaces the scheme of only adopting a single impact modifier in the prior art, ensures the impact strength and toughness of the product, and solves the technical problems of hole breaking, fracture, edge cracking, generation of scale-shaped small cracks and the like in film stretching.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and it is to be specifically noted that the examples are provided only for the purpose of further illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-strength PVC film comprises 100 parts by mass of PVC resin, 10 parts by mass of trioctyl trimellitate serving as a plasticizer, 3 parts by mass of a barium-zinc composite stabilizer, 2 parts by mass of an acrylate processing aid, 6 parts by mass of MBS resin serving as an impact modifier and 5 parts by mass of nitrile rubber serving as a toughening agent.
A preparation method of a PVC film comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and feeding the raw materials into a mixer for low-speed mixing and high-speed mixing in sequence, wherein the low-speed mixing time is 15 seconds, and the mixing speed is 180 r/min; the high-speed mixing time is 380 seconds, the mixing speed is 500r/min, and the blended polymer with the material temperature of 110 ℃ is formed after the mixing is finished.
(2) Banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying, so as to play a role in preliminary plasticization. Specifically, the temperature of a central screw of the planetary screw extruder is 170 ℃, the number of the planetary screws is 11, the temperature of the planetary screws is 160 ℃, the temperature of a machine barrel is 175 ℃, materials entering the planetary screw extruder are subjected to high-temperature banburying to form a plurality of strip-shaped colloidal molten materials, and the colloidal molten materials are conveyed to an open mill through a conveying belt to be milled.
(3) Open mixing: and (3) conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt, further plasticizing the colloidal molten materials preliminarily plasticized in the step (2), and further improving the plasticization of the materials. The open mill consists of two rollers, namely a roller A and a roller B, wherein the temperature of the roller A is 165 ℃, the temperature of the roller B is 170 ℃, and the gap between the roller A and the roller B is 1 cm.
(4) And (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveyer belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, wherein the temperature of the filter is 175 ℃, and the mesh number of the filter screen is 150 meshes;
(5) rolling: the cylindrical material filtered by the filter is conveyed to a five-roller calender by a conveyer belt for calendaring and forming, wherein the temperature of a No. 1 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 16.5m/min, the temperature of a No. 2 roller is 190 ℃, the rotating speed is 19.6m/min, the temperature of a No. 3 roller is 185 ℃, the rotating speed is 23.2m/min, the temperature of a No. 4 roller is 188 ℃, the rotating speed is 26.2m/min, the temperature of a No. 5 roller is 175 ℃, and the rotating speed is 29.5 m/min.
(6) And (3) post-treatment: the PVC film is drawn, cooled, coiled and packaged, wherein the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the PVC film is conveyed through 3 groups of chilled water and 2 groups of normal temperature water by a cooling wheel, and the cooled and shaped PVC film is coiled and packaged.
Example 2
The high-strength PVC film comprises 100 parts by mass of PVC resin, 10 parts by mass of trioctyl trimellitate serving as a plasticizer, 3 parts by mass of a barium-zinc composite stabilizer, 2 parts by mass of an acrylate processing aid, 8 parts by mass of MBS resin serving as an impact modifier and 3 parts by mass of nitrile rubber serving as a toughening agent.
A preparation method of a PVC film comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and feeding the raw materials into a mixer for low-speed mixing and high-speed mixing in sequence, wherein the low-speed mixing time is 10 seconds, and the mixing speed is 180 r/min; the high-speed mixing time is 360 seconds, the mixing speed is 480r/min, and after the mixing is finished, the blended polymer with the material temperature of 105 ℃ is formed.
(2) Banburying: the mixed polymer blend is cold stirred and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying, so as to play a role in preliminary plasticization. Specifically, the temperature of a central screw of the planetary screw extruder is 175 ℃, the number of the planetary screws is 11, the temperature of the planetary screws is 165 ℃, the temperature of a machine barrel is 178 ℃, materials entering the planetary screw extruder are subjected to high-temperature banburying to form a plurality of strip-shaped colloidal molten materials, and the colloidal molten materials are conveyed to an open mill through a conveying belt to be milled.
(3) Open mixing: and (3) conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt, further plasticizing the colloidal molten materials preliminarily plasticized in the step (2), and further improving the plasticization of the materials. The open mill consists of two rollers, namely a roller A and a roller B, wherein the temperature of the roller A is 160 ℃, the temperature of the roller B is 165 ℃, and the gap between the roller A and the roller B is 0.8 cm.
(4) And (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveyer belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, wherein the temperature of the filter is 170 ℃, and the mesh number of the filter screen is 150 meshes;
(5) rolling: the cylindrical material filtered by the filter is conveyed to a five-roller calender by a conveyer belt for calendaring and forming, wherein the temperature of a No. 1 roller is 195 ℃, the rotating speed is 16.8m/min, the temperature of a No. 2 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 20.0m/min, the temperature of a No. 3 roller is 183 ℃, the rotating speed is 23.5m/min, the temperature of a No. 4 roller is 188 ℃, the rotating speed is 26.8m/min, the temperature of a No. 5 roller is 173 ℃, and the rotating speed is 30.0 m/min.
(6) And (3) post-treatment: the PVC film is drawn, cooled, coiled and packaged, wherein the drawing temperature is 172 ℃, the PVC film is conveyed through 2 groups of chilled water and 3 groups of normal temperature water by a cooling wheel, and the cooled and shaped PVC film is coiled and packaged.
Example 3
The high-strength PVC film comprises 100 parts by mass of PVC resin, 10 parts by mass of trioctyl trimellitate serving as a plasticizer, 3 parts by mass of a barium-zinc composite stabilizer, 2 parts by mass of an acrylate processing aid, 5 parts by mass of MBS resin serving as an impact modifier and 6 parts by mass of nitrile rubber serving as a toughening agent.
A preparation method of a PVC film comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and feeding the raw materials into a mixer for low-speed mixing and high-speed mixing in sequence, wherein the low-speed mixing time is 15 seconds, and the mixing speed is 200 r/min; the high-speed mixing time is 380 seconds, the mixing speed is 500r/min, and the blended polymer with the material temperature of 110 ℃ is formed after the mixing is finished.
(2) Banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying, so as to play a role in preliminary plasticization. Specifically, the temperature of the central screw of the planetary screw extruder is 170 ℃, the number of the planetary screws is 11, the temperature of the planetary screws is 165 ℃, the temperature of the machine barrel is 175 ℃, and the material entering the planetary screw extruder is subjected to high-temperature banburying to form a plurality of strip-shaped colloidal molten materials which are conveyed to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt.
(3) Open mixing: and (3) conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt, further plasticizing the colloidal molten materials preliminarily plasticized in the step (2), and further improving the plasticization of the materials. The open mill consists of two rollers, namely a roller A and a roller B, wherein the temperature of the roller A is 165 ℃, the temperature of the roller B is 170 ℃, and the gap between the roller A and the roller B is 0.8 cm.
(4) And (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveying belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, wherein the temperature of the filter is 165 ℃, and the mesh number of the filter screens is 150 meshes;
(5) rolling: the cylindrical material filtered by the filter is conveyed to a five-roller calender by a conveyer belt for calendaring and forming, wherein the temperature of a No. 1 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 16.5m/min, the temperature of a No. 2 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 20.2m/min, the temperature of a No. 3 roller is 180 ℃, the rotating speed is 23.8m/min, the temperature of a No. 4 roller is 190 ℃, the rotating speed is 27.2m/min, the temperature of a No. 5 roller is 173 ℃, and the rotating speed is 30.5 m/min.
(6) And (3) post-treatment: the PVC film is drawn, cooled, coiled and packaged, wherein the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the PVC film is conveyed through 2 groups of chilled water and 3 groups of normal temperature water by a cooling wheel, and the cooled and shaped PVC film is coiled and packaged.
Example 4
The high-strength PVC film comprises 100 parts by mass of PVC resin, 10 parts by mass of trioctyl trimellitate serving as a plasticizer, 3 parts by mass of a barium-zinc composite stabilizer, 2 parts by mass of an acrylate processing aid, 10 parts by mass of MBS resin serving as an impact modifier and 2 parts by mass of nitrile rubber serving as a toughening agent.
A preparation method of a PVC film comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and feeding the raw materials into a mixer for low-speed mixing and high-speed mixing in sequence, wherein the low-speed mixing time is 10 seconds, and the mixing speed is 180 r/min; the high-speed mixing time is 360 seconds, the mixing speed is 480r/min, and after the mixing is finished, the blended polymer with the material temperature of 105 ℃ is formed.
(2) Banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying, so as to play a role in preliminary plasticization. Specifically, the temperature of a central screw of the planetary screw extruder is 170 ℃, the number of the planetary screws is 11, the temperature of the planetary screws is 165 ℃, the temperature of a machine barrel is 175 ℃, materials entering the planetary screw extruder are subjected to high-temperature banburying to form a plurality of strip-shaped colloidal molten materials, and the colloidal molten materials are conveyed to an open mill through a conveying belt to be milled.
(3) Open mixing: and (3) conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveyer belt, further plasticizing the colloidal molten materials preliminarily plasticized in the step (2), and further improving the plasticization of the materials. The open mill consists of two rollers, namely a roller A and a roller B, wherein the temperature of the roller A is 160 ℃, the temperature of the roller B is 165 ℃, and the gap between the roller A and the roller B is 1 cm.
(4) And (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveyer belt to filter impurities and further plasticize, wherein the temperature of the filter is 170 ℃, and the mesh number of the filter screen is 200 meshes;
(5) rolling: the cylindrical material filtered by the filter is conveyed to a five-roller calender by a conveyer belt for calendaring and forming, wherein the temperature of a No. 1 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 16.0m/min, the temperature of a No. 2 roller is 190 ℃, the rotating speed is 19.2m/min, the temperature of a No. 3 roller is 180 ℃, the rotating speed is 22.8m/min, the temperature of a No. 4 roller is 192 ℃, the rotating speed is 26.0m/min, the temperature of a No. 5 roller is 170 ℃, and the rotating speed is 29.2 m/min.
(6) And (3) post-treatment: the PVC film is drawn, cooled, coiled and packaged, wherein the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the PVC film is conveyed through 2 groups of chilled water and 3 groups of normal temperature water by a cooling wheel, and the cooled and shaped PVC film is coiled and packaged.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the PVC film do not contain the toughening agent nitrile rubber, and the composition and the content of the rest raw materials are the same as those of the example 1.
The PVC film of comparative example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 2 is that the raw materials for preparing the PVC film do not contain the toughening agent nitrile rubber, and the composition and the content of the rest raw materials are the same as those of the example 2.
The PVC film of comparative example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in example 2.
Performance test
The PVC films prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to mechanical property tests (tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile strength), surface effect, gloss, spray painting effect and dyne value tests, and the test results are shown in table 1 below:
table 1: comparative table of performance parameters for examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2:
as can be seen from the test results of table 1: the PVC films prepared in the embodiments 1-4 have better mechanical properties, and the mechanical properties of the prepared PVC films are greatly different under the same conditions as those of the comparative examples 1-2 and the embodiments 1-2 because no toughening agent is added and only a single impact modifier is used.
In the tests of examples 1-4, the impact strength was slightly improved when the amount of the impact modifier was increased, but the toughness (elongation at break) was rather decreasing, and both the toughness (elongation at break) and the tensile strength were improved when the amount of the toughening agent was increased; when the amount of the toughening agent is reduced or not added (comparative examples 1-2), the toughness (elongation at break) of the product is obviously reduced, which shows that the impact strength of the product is also improved to a certain extent by adding the toughening agent under the same conditions.
The surface effect of the PVC film prepared in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2 is better than that of the comparative examples 1-2, and the plasticizing performance of the PVC film in the processing process can be effectively improved under the condition of adding the toughening agent.
In the test item of gloss, the gloss of the PVC films prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 is not much different, which indicates that the impact modifier and the toughening agent have little influence on the gloss of the product.
The PVC films obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested for their ink-jet effect and dyne value using an ink-jet printer and a dyne pen, and the difference between examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was not great.
The invention effectively improves the mechanical properties of the PVC film, such as tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength and the like, by the ratio of the raw materials and the synergistic effect generated among the raw materials, adopts the impact modifier, the toughening agent and the PVC resin for blending modification, and replaces the scheme of only adopting a single impact modifier in the prior art with the PVC film prepared by the calendering processing technology, thereby ensuring the impact strength and toughness of the product.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength PVC film is characterized in that the raw material components for preparing the PVC film comprise 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, 5-10 parts by weight of impact modifier and 2-6 parts by weight of toughening agent, wherein the impact modifier is MBS resin, and the toughening agent is nitrile butadiene rubber.
2. The high strength PVC film according to claim 1, wherein said starting material further comprises a plasticizer, said plasticizer being trioctyl trimellitate.
3. The high strength PVC film of claim 2, wherein the raw material further comprises a processing aid, the processing aid being an acrylate processing aid ACR.
4. The high strength PVC film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said raw material further comprises at least one of a stabilizer, a filler, and a pigment.
5. The high strength PVC film of claim 4, wherein the stabilizer is a barium zinc composite stabilizer or an organotin stabilizer.
6. A PVC film preparation method according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) metering and mixing: metering all the raw materials, and then feeding the raw materials into a mixer for mixing to obtain a polymer blend;
(2) banburying: the mixed polymer blend is subjected to cold stirring and then enters a planetary screw extruder for banburying;
(3) open mixing: conveying the internally mixed materials to an open mill for open milling through a conveying belt;
(4) and (3) filtering: conveying the material plasticized by the open mill to a filter through a conveying belt to filter impurities and further plasticizing;
(5) rolling: and conveying the cylindrical material filtered by the filter to a calender by a conveyer belt for calendering and molding to obtain the PVC film.
7. The high strength PVC membrane according to claim 6, wherein the mixing in step (1) comprises low speed mixing and high speed mixing sequentially, wherein the low speed mixing time is 10-30 seconds, and the mixing speed is 100-; the high-speed mixing time is 200-400 seconds, the mixing speed is 400-500r/min, and the blended polymer with the material temperature of 100-120 ℃ is formed after the mixing is finished.
8. The high-strength PVC film as claimed in claim 6, wherein the planetary screw extruder in step (2) comprises a central screw, a planetary screw and an outer barrel, wherein the temperature of the central screw is 165-.
9. The high-strength PVC film according to claim 6, wherein the open mill in step (3) comprises two rolls, namely roll A and roll B, wherein the temperature of roll A is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of roll B is 165-185 ℃, and the gap between roll A and roll B is 0.8-1.2 cm.
10. The high-strength PVC membrane as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature of the filter in step (4) is 160-180 ℃, and the mesh number of the filter mesh is 150-200 mesh;
the temperature of the calendering molding in the step (5) is 150-200 ℃.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104403231A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 | Medical packaging calendering film and preparation method thereof |
| CN104448611A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 | Rubber-plastic medical adhesive tape basilemma and preparation method thereof |
| CN106147063A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-11-23 | 温州瑞禾实业有限公司 | PVC heat shrink films |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104403231A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 | Medical packaging calendering film and preparation method thereof |
| CN104448611A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 | Rubber-plastic medical adhesive tape basilemma and preparation method thereof |
| CN106147063A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-11-23 | 温州瑞禾实业有限公司 | PVC heat shrink films |
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