CN115108572A - Polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities - Google Patents
Polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/48—Halides, with or without other cations besides aluminium
- C01F7/56—Chlorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities. Hydrochloric acid/industrial hydrochloric acid, aluminum hydroxide and/or calcium aluminate are used as raw materials, and water purification products suitable for various water qualities are obtained by strictly controlling reaction conditions, treating by a separation and drying unit and other process methods. The product produced by the technology has good quality and strong water purification effect. The method has the characteristics of simple process, convenient operation, low cost, high efficiency and the like, and the produced water purifying agent is suitable for the water purification treatment of tap water and sewage and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, particularly relates to removal of toxic and harmful substances in various water treatment processes, and particularly relates to a polyaluminum chloride production technology suitable for purifying various water qualities.
Background
The polyaluminium chloride as an inorganic polymer coagulant has the advantages of small dosage, high purification rate, low cost and the like, is an important medicament widely applied to the field of water treatment, plays an important role in modern water and wastewater treatment, determines the operation of subsequent processes, the final effluent quality and the cost, and is an economic and simple water treatment technology. In recent years, with the improvement of the standards of polyaluminum chloride for drinking water, related production enterprises are required to greatly adjust raw materials, technical routes and production equipment, but obviously, the method is a difficult and unrealistic work. Therefore, how to technically improve the original process to adapt to the polyaluminium chloride products purified by various water qualities is a problem to be solved urgently.
In the existing technology for producing polyaluminium chloride, roasted bauxite is adopted to react with hydrochloric acid to form an aluminium chloride solution, then water is added for dilution, and the aluminium chloride solution reacts with calcium aluminate, so that the economic benefit is effectively improved, the use requirement is met, and the unique resource advantages of China are fully utilized. The main disadvantages of this method are: the amount of the generated waste residue is large, and the waste residue has no stable bulk application except a small amount of waste residue for paving and making bricks at present. In the prior art, the polyaluminium chloride is synthesized by a two-step method of adopting aluminium ash as a raw material, carrying out acid dissolution under normal pressure, then adjusting the basicity, and finally carrying out roller drying to obtain the polyaluminium chloride product. The main disadvantages of this method are: the product quality is greatly influenced by raw materials, the impurity content in the solution is high, particularly the content of metal elements is easy to exceed the standard, the product quality is unstable and the equipment corrosion is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a scheme I of a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simultaneously adding hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide into a reactor for reaction;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to 4-4.5;
(3) adding calcium aluminate into the reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) to continue the reaction;
(4) adjusting the pH value of the reaction mixture obtained in the step (3) to 4-4.5;
(5) and (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (4), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product.
Further, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 29-35 ℃; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the aluminum hydroxide is 5: 1-7: 1;
further, the input amount of the calcium aluminate in the step (3) is: the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid in the step (1) to the calcium aluminate added in the step (3) is 2.5: 1-3: 1.
Further, the reaction time of the steps (1) - (2) is controlled to be 2-2.5 h; and (4) controlling the reaction time of the steps (3) to (4) to be 3-5 h. The reaction temperature is controlled within the range of 100-110 ℃.
Further, when the solid-liquid separation is carried out in the step (5), the reaction liquid is firstly sent into a high-position sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the supernatant is pumped into a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump for continuous sedimentation or directly sent to a drying unit; if the supernatant is pumped to a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump, the supernatant obtained by secondary sedimentation is sent to a drying unit; and in the drying unit, drying the liquid by a roller to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product.
Scheme II:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding hydrochloric acid and calcium aluminate into a reactor simultaneously for reaction;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to 4-4.5;
(3) and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (2), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminum chloride product.
Further, in the step (1), the hydrochloric acid is solid-liquid hydrochloric acid,
further, the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 12-28 degrees; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 3: 1-6: 1;
further, the reaction time of the steps (1) - (2) is controlled to be 4-5 h. The reaction temperature is controlled within the range of 100-110 ℃.
Further, when the solid-liquid separation is carried out in the step (5), the reaction liquid is firstly sent into a high-position sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the supernatant is pumped into a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump for continuous sedimentation or directly sent to a drying unit; if the supernatant is pumped to a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump, the supernatant obtained by secondary sedimentation is sent to a drying unit; and in the drying unit, drying the liquid by a roller to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product.
The method can realize the production of the polyaluminium chloride product suitable for purifying various water qualities by improving different raw material proportions and production technologies, effectively solve the pressure and influence on the existing production process caused by improving the purity of the polyaluminium chloride, and reduce the cost of enterprises to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the method also has the advantages of no pollution, high efficiency, simple and convenient operation, relatively low energy consumption, easy industrialization, high popularization degree and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various alterations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention, and all changes and modifications made by the ordinary technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
In the specific implementation manner, the two technical scheme embodiments of the invention are provided, and the process method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cost is reduced. The method can achieve the effect of producing various water treatment agents on the premise of not changing the process, and effectively solves the problem of fixed asset investment caused by different required processes of products. The cost of the industrial hydrochloric acid used in the method is low, and the cost of the product is effectively reduced.
2. The product produced by the process is good in quality and strong in water purification effect. The technical scheme adopted in the embodiments 1-3 can be used for drinking water (tap water), sewage and other water qualities, the content of aluminum oxide in the aluminum chloride product is 29% -31%, the basicity is 85-90, the pH value is 4-4.5, and other indexes can reach the national standard; the technical scheme adopted in the embodiments 4-6 can further save the cost, the product can be used for various water qualities except drinking water, the aluminum oxide content in the polyaluminum chloride product is 26% -29%, the basicity is 90-95, the PH value is 4-4.5, and other indexes can reach the national standard.
3. The operation is simple. In the method, the product is produced without increasing or decreasing any intermediate unit. In the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, the primary sedimentation link and the drying link are communicated, and the system can be fused with a tap water purifying agent system. Easy industrialization and convenient popularization and application.
4. Energy consumption is saved, and production efficiency is improved. The reaction and sedimentation units and the like which may be involved in the method can avoid energy consumption required by solid-liquid operation units such as filtration, centrifugation and the like under the normal pressure state, and effectively improve the production efficiency.
Example 1:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simultaneously adding hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide into a reactor for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 29 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the aluminum hydroxide is 5: 1. If used for tap water treatment, the hydrochloric acid needs to be non-industrial hydrochloric acid free of impurities.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to 4, wherein the reaction temperature is 100 ℃; the reaction time is 2 h. It is to be noted that the pH can be adjusted by means of water addition or the like.
(3) Adding calcium aluminate into the reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) to continue the reaction; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 3: 1.
(4) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (3) to be 4, wherein the reaction temperature is 100 ℃; the reaction time was 3 h.
(5) And (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (4), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. In the examples, the reaction product (reaction solution) was sent to a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation, the supernatant was pumped to a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump for further sedimentation for 20 hours, and the solids (mainly containing SiO in the raw material) 2 And the like) are sent to a brickyard for reuse. Secondly, sending the obtained supernatant into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation for 6 days, sending the settled supernatant into a drying tank for roller drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the rotating speed of the roller dryer is 3.5r/min, and the temperature of the used low-pressure steam is 160 ℃.
Through detection, the content of aluminum oxide in the polyaluminum chloride product is 29%, the basicity is 85, the pH value is 4, and other indexes can reach the national standard, so that the polyaluminum chloride can be applied to tap water purification.
Example 2:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simultaneously adding hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide into a reactor for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 35 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the aluminum hydroxide is 7: 1. If used for tap water treatment, the hydrochloric acid needs to be non-industrial hydrochloric acid free of impurities.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4.5, wherein the reaction temperature is 110 ℃; the reaction time is 2.5 h. It is to be noted that the pH can be adjusted by means of water addition or the like.
(3) Adding calcium aluminate into the reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) to continue the reaction; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 2.5: 1.
(4) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (3) to 4.5, wherein the reaction temperature is 110 ℃; the reaction time was 5 h.
(5) And (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (4), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. In the examples, the reaction product (reaction solution) was sent to a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the supernatant was collectedPumping into secondary sedimentation tank by pump to continue to settle for 24h, and collecting solid (mainly containing SiO in raw material) 2 And the like) are sent to a brickyard for reuse. Secondly, sending the obtained supernatant into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation for 8 days, sending the settled supernatant into a drying tank for roller drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the rotating speed of the roller dryer is 5r/min, and the temperature of the used low-pressure steam is 160 ℃.
The detection shows that the content of the aluminum oxide in the polyaluminum chloride product is 31 percent, the basicity is 90, the pH value is 4.5, and other indexes can reach the national standard, so the polyaluminum chloride can be applied to tap water purification.
Example 3:
a polyaluminum chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simultaneously adding hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide into a reactor for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 32 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the aluminum hydroxide is 6: 1. If used for tap water treatment, the hydrochloric acid needs to be non-industrial hydrochloric acid free of impurities.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4.3, wherein the reaction temperature is 105 ℃; the reaction time is 2.3 h. It is to be noted that the pH can be adjusted by means of water addition or the like.
(3) Adding calcium aluminate into the reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) to continue the reaction; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 2.8: 1.
(4) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (3) to be 4.5, wherein the reaction temperature is 105 ℃; the reaction time was 4 h.
(5) And (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (4), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. In the examples, the reaction product (reaction solution) was sent to a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation, the supernatant was pumped to a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump for further sedimentation for 22 hours, and the solids (mainly containing SiO in the raw material) 2 And the like) are sent to a brickyard for reuse. Secondly, sending the obtained supernatant into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation for 7 days, sending the settled supernatant into a drying tank for roller drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the roller is dryThe rotation speed of the dryer is 4r/min, and the temperature of the low-pressure steam is 160 ℃.
Through detection, the content of aluminum oxide in the polyaluminum chloride product is 30%, the basicity is 89, the pH value is 4.3, and other indexes can reach the national standard, so that the polyaluminum chloride can be applied to tap water purification.
Example 4:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding hydrochloric acid and calcium aluminate into a reactor simultaneously for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 12 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 6: 1. If the hydrochloric acid is used for sewage treatment, industrial hydrochloric acid can be used as the hydrochloric acid.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4; the reaction temperature is 100 ℃; the reaction time was 4 h.
(3) And (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (2), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. Sending the reaction product (reaction liquid) into a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 20 hours, sending the supernatant after sedimentation into a drying tank for roller drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the rotating speed of the roller dryer is 3.5r/min, and the temperature of the used low-pressure steam is 160 ℃. The detection shows that the content of the aluminum oxide in the product is 26 percent, the basicity is 90, the pH value is 4, and other indexes can reach the national standard.
Example 5:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding hydrochloric acid and calcium aluminate into a reactor simultaneously for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 28 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 3: 1. If the hydrochloric acid is used for sewage treatment, industrial hydrochloric acid can be used as the hydrochloric acid.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4.5; the reaction temperature is 110 ℃; the reaction time was 4.5 h.
(3) And (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (2), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. Sending the reaction product (reaction liquid) into a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 24 hours, sending the supernatant after sedimentation into a drying tank for drum drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the rotating speed of the roller dryer is 5r/min, and the temperature of the used low-pressure steam is 160 ℃. The detection shows that the content of aluminum oxide in the product is 28%, the basicity is 95, the pH value is 4.5, and other indexes can reach the national standard.
Example 6:
a polyaluminium chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding hydrochloric acid and calcium aluminate into a reactor simultaneously for reaction; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 20 ℃, and the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 4.5: 1. If the hydrochloric acid is used for sewage treatment, industrial hydrochloric acid can be used as the hydrochloric acid.
(2) Controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4.3; the reaction temperature is 105 ℃; the reaction time was 5 h.
(3) And (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (2), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product. Sending the reaction product (reaction liquid) into a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 22h, sending the supernatant after sedimentation into a drying tank for roller drying to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product; the rotating speed of the roller dryer is 4r/min, and the temperature of the used low-pressure steam is 160 ℃. The detection shows that the content of the aluminum oxide in the product is 27 percent, the basicity is 92, the pH value is 4.3, and other indexes can reach the national standard.
Claims (10)
1. A polyaluminum chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simultaneously adding the hydrochloric acid and the aluminum hydroxide into a reactor for reaction;
(2) controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (1) to be 4-4.5;
(3) adding calcium aluminate into the reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) to continue the reaction;
(4) and (4) controlling the pH value of the reaction mixture in the step (3) to be 4-4.5.
(5) And (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (4), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product.
2. The method for producing polyaluminium chloride suitable for purification of various water qualities according to claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 29-35 ℃.
3. A polyaluminium chloride production process suitable for multiple water purification according to claim 1 or 2 wherein: the input amount of the calcium aluminate in the step (3) is as follows: the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid in the step (1) to the calcium aluminate added in the step (3) is 2.5: 1-3: 1.
4. A polyaluminium chloride production process suitable for multiple water purification according to claim 1 or 3 wherein: the reaction time of the steps (1) to (2) is controlled to be 2 h.
5. A polyaluminum chloride production method suitable for purifying various water qualities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding hydrochloric acid and calcium aluminate into a reactor simultaneously for reaction;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the reaction mixture obtained in the step (1) to 4-4.5;
(3) and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction product obtained in the step (2), and drying the liquid part to obtain a polyaluminium chloride product.
6. The method for producing polyaluminium chloride suitable for purification of various water qualities according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (1), the hydrochloric acid is solid-liquid hydrochloric acid.
7. The method for producing polyaluminium chloride suitable for purification of various water qualities according to claim 5, wherein: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 12-28 ℃; the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the calcium aluminate is 3: 1-6: 1.
8. The method for producing polyaluminium chloride suitable for purification of various water qualities according to claim 5, wherein: the reaction time of the steps (1) to (2) is controlled to be 4.5 h.
9. A polyaluminium chloride production process suitable for multiple water purification according to claim 1 or 5 wherein: the reaction temperature is controlled within the range of 100-110 ℃.
10. A polyaluminium chloride production process suitable for multiple water purification according to claim 1 or 5 wherein: when solid-liquid separation is carried out, firstly, reaction liquid is sent into a high-level sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and supernate is pumped into a secondary sedimentation tank for continuous sedimentation or is directly sent to a drying unit;
if the supernatant is pumped to a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump, the supernatant obtained by secondary sedimentation is sent to a drying unit;
and in the drying unit, drying the liquid by a roller to obtain a solid polyaluminium chloride product.
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