CN115107923B - Middle-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Middle-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115107923B CN115107923B CN202210615879.5A CN202210615879A CN115107923B CN 115107923 B CN115107923 B CN 115107923B CN 202210615879 A CN202210615879 A CN 202210615879A CN 115107923 B CN115107923 B CN 115107923B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
Abstract
A centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle and a driving method thereof comprise a vehicle body, wherein a battery pack and a controller are arranged on a front oblique beam of the vehicle body, and a disc power-assisted motor is arranged outside a central shaft of the vehicle body; the outer edge of the left side surface of the rotor disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of Hall magnetic steels along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the cylinder shell is provided with three Hall sensors positioned on the left side of the rotor disc, the three Hall sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder shell, the circle radius of the three Hall sensors is equal to that of the plurality of Hall magnetic steels, the center lines of the three Hall sensors are coincident, the stator disc is connected with the controller through three phase lines, the Hall sensors are connected with the controller through five Hall lines, and the battery pack supplies power for the controller through two wires. The invention can automatically judge the torque and the speed of the disc motor which should be output in the riding process, and has the advantages of scientific principle, small volume, compact structure and convenient installation, and the power-assisted size can be quickly and accurately adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power-assisted bicycles, and particularly relates to a centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle and a driving method thereof.
Background
The electric power assisted bicycle is a novel bicycle, utilizes electric energy to assist riding as a source of auxiliary driving energy, and realizes a novel vehicle integrating manpower riding and electric power assistance. In the riding process, when encountering an ascending slope or needing to rest, people hope to reduce the riding fatigue by means of electric power assistance, so whether the need of assistance is perceived in time is the research focus in the field of electric bicycles, in the prior art, a torque sensor is adopted to monitor the riding speed and assisted by an intelligent control system, the riding speed is higher than a certain limit value, no assistance is provided, and the riding speed is lower than a certain limit value, so that the need of assistance is judged. The torque power-assisted electric vehicle is a power-assisted electric vehicle which automatically adjusts the output torque of a motor according to the applied torque of the electric vehicle by a rider, and currently, signals acquired by a torque sensor, a pressure sensor and the like are mostly adopted as input signals. The power-assisted electric vehicle is different from a common electric vehicle in that the common electric vehicle adopts a handle potentiometer as a motor input control signal, and the power-assisted electric vehicle automatically judges output moment according to moment generated by pedaling a pedal by a person. The power-assisted control mode has the defects of complex structure, high cost, stability and strength influence on analog signal transmission acquired by the torque sensor and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle with simple structure, low cost, stability and high reliability and a driving method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein a battery pack and a controller are arranged on a front oblique beam of the vehicle body, and a disc power-assisted motor is arranged outside a center shaft of the vehicle body; the disc type booster motor comprises a cylinder shell, a stator disc and a rotor disc, wherein the cylinder shell, the stator disc and the rotor disc are coaxially arranged with a central shaft of a vehicle body, the left side of the cylinder shell is rotationally connected with the central shaft, the stator disc is fixedly arranged on the left side inside the cylinder shell, the rotor disc is arranged on the right side inside the cylinder shell, the inner circle of the rotor disc is in transmission connection with the outer circle of the central shaft through a spline structure, an air gap is formed between the right side of the stator disc and the left side of the rotor disc, and an air gap size adjusting mechanism is arranged between the central shaft and the rotor disc; the outer edge of the left side surface of the rotor disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of Hall magnetic steels along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the cylinder shell is provided with three Hall sensors positioned on the left side of the rotor disc, the three Hall sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder shell, the radius of the circle where the three Hall sensors are positioned is equal to that of the circle where the plurality of Hall magnetic steels are positioned, the center line of the circle is coincident, the stator disc is connected with the controller through U, V, W three phase lines, the Hall sensors are connected with the controller through HU, HV, HW, H +, H-five Hall lines, and the battery pack supplies power to the controller through two wires.
The air gap size adjusting mechanism comprises a disc spring, a left circular ring and a right circular ring, wherein the outer circle of a center shaft is provided with a positioning ring positioned on the left side of a rotor disc, the disc spring is sleeved on the outer circle of the center shaft, the left end of the disc spring is connected with the right side of the positioning ring in a pressing mode, the right end of the disc spring is connected with the left side face of the rotor disc in a pressing mode, the left circular ring is fixedly arranged on the right side face of the rotor disc, a chain disc on a car body is arranged on the center shaft and positioned on the right side of the rotor disc, the right circular ring is fixedly arranged on the left side face of the chain disc, the left circular ring and the right circular ring are coaxial and are correspondingly arranged left and right, at least three first arc-shaped wedge blocks are uniformly arranged on the left side face of the left circular ring along the circumferential direction, and at least three second arc-shaped wedge blocks are in left-right one-to-one correspondence and are in pressing fit with the wedge faces of the three second arc-shaped wedge blocks.
A plurality of arc limiting holes are formed in the left side face of the chain disc along the circumferential direction, the arc lengths of the arc limiting holes, the first arc wedge block and the second arc wedge block are equal, limiting pins which are the same in number with the arc limiting holes and correspond to each other one by one are formed in the right side face of the rotor disc along the circumferential direction, and each limiting pin corresponds to and stretches into one arc limiting hole.
The rotor disk comprises a magnet yoke with an opening on the left side, a permanent magnet corresponding to the stator disk is arranged in the magnet yoke, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer edge of the left side face of the magnet yoke, and each Hall magnetic steel is correspondingly arranged in one groove.
The controller comprises two current sensors, a MOS driving module, a driving chip, a filtering module and a central processing unit, wherein the two current sensors are respectively arranged on two of three phase lines, binding posts on the stator disc are connected with the MOS driving module through U, V, W three phase lines, the MOS driving module is connected with the central processing unit through the driving chip, the two current sensors are connected with the central processing unit through the filtering module, and signal input ends of the central processing unit are respectively connected with the three Hall sensors;
the CPU program of the controller presets a current value according to the relation between current and rotating speed, and the electric vehicle distributes the determined driving current according to the rotating speed, and outputs corresponding power assistance through the change of the air gap of the disc motor after the disc spring is compressed by the input torque.
A driving method of a centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle comprises the following steps: the rider treads pedals on the left side and the right side respectively to drive the middle shaft to rotate, the middle shaft drives the rotor disc to rotate through the spline structure, the second arc wedge block on the left side of the chain disc and the wedge surface of the first arc wedge block on the right side of the rotor disc are extruded, the extrusion force F is perpendicular to the wedge surface, the F is decomposed into a radial component force F1 and an axial component force F2, the radial component force F1 drives the chain disc to rotate, torque is generated on the chain disc, the chain disc drives the rear wheel to move forwards through the chain, the extrusion force F is increased, and the radial component force F1 and the axial component force F2 are also increased;
the rotor disk drives the Hall magnetic steel to rotate in the rotating process, the three Hall sensors detect the rotating speed of the Hall magnetic steel, namely the rotating speed of the main shaft, a rotating speed signal is transmitted to the central processing unit of the controller, the central processing unit is matched with a corresponding output current according to the rotating speed to the disk motor, the output current corresponds to a certain output moment, and the disk motor outputs moment assistance to the central shaft, so that a rider can save more effort;
if a rider needs to drive the electric vehicle to have higher rotating speed, the moment of pedaling is increased, at the moment, the extrusion force F is increased, the radial component force F1 and the axial component force F2 are also increased, the axial component force F2 overcomes the elasticity of the disc spring, the larger the external force applied to the pedal is, the larger the axial component force F2 is, so that the rotor disc is pushed to move leftwards on the central shaft, the air gap X is reduced, and the disc type electric motor can output larger moment to the central shaft under the same current, thereby achieving the aim of acceleration; in the output capacity range of the disc motor, the air gap and the output torque are in a proportional relation; the electric vehicle is driven by manpower output with smaller force under the assistance of the disc motor, so that the purpose of labor-saving riding is achieved;
in the process of ascending an slope or heavy load of the electric vehicle, the pedaling moment of a rider is increased, the rotating speed of a middle shaft is reduced, the Hall sensor detects the reduction of the rotating speed of Hall magnetic steel, a central processing unit is matched with a corresponding smaller output current according to the rotating speed to give the disk motor, namely, the output current is reduced to a new value, but at the moment, the air gap X is compressed to be smaller, the output torque of the disk motor is increased, the rotating speed of a rotor disk is increased after the torque is increased, so that the current distributed by a battery pack for the disk motor is increased, the output torque of the disk motor is increased, and the power assisting is realized; on the contrary, when the pedaling moment of the rider is reduced, the air gap X is increased under the action of the disc spring, the output moment of the disc motor is reduced, and the output speed of the disc motor is reduced, namely the rotating speed of the rotor disc and the center shaft is reduced.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention adopts the principle of the disc motor and combines the structure of the bicycle as the power assisting power of the electric vehicle. The rotor disk and stator disk of disk motor have their magnetic field direction parallel to the central axis. The disc motor may also be referred to as an axial field motor. The magnetic field moves from the axial direction, so that the magnetic energy density is high, and the space for exchanging energy is also large, and therefore, the torque density of the motor is greatly improved compared with the radial magnetic field.
According to the motor principle, the torque and air gap flux density relation is as follows:
wherein Te: a torque; p: pole pair numbers; m: a phase number;: magnetic linkage; i.e S : winding current; beta: moment angle.
The pole pair number, phase number and torque angle are all determined after the motor design is completed. The flux linkage is directly proportional to the torque given a certain current by the controller. On the premise of unsaturated magnetic field density, the air gap and flux linkage between the stator disk and the rotor disk of the disk motor are in a proportional relationship. Therefore, the invention realizes the automatic adjustment of the power assisting size by adjusting the size of the air gap.
The disc motor is arranged on a central shaft of the electric vehicle, a stator disc of the disc motor is connected with a controller through U, V, W three phase lines, the disc motor adopts a switch type Hall sensor and Hall magnetic steel as a rotary position feedback sensor of a rotor disc, the disc motor is connected with five Hall lines through HU, HV, HW, H + and H-, and the controller is connected with a battery pack through positive and negative wires. The Hall sensors are three, and have two functions: one is to collect the rotor disc position for the drive of disc motor, and the other is to indirectly measure the rotation speed of the disc motor through Hall pulse signals, and calculate the running speed of the electric vehicle through the transmission ratio of the chain disc.
When the pedals of the electric vehicle are not subjected to the torque applied by a rider, the disc motor does not output the torque. When a rider applies a certain torque to the central shaft, the controller acquires a rotation speed signal of the central shaft, the output currents of three phase lines of the disc motor are limited according to the rotation speed signal, the central processor sends a command to the disc motor, and the disc motor outputs a certain torque according to the limited current. According to the principle of a permanent magnet direct current brushless motor, under the condition that the voltage is unchanged, the currents of the three phase lines are in direct proportion to the output torque. Because the current output by the three phase lines of the disc motor are identical in size and phase difference is 120 degrees, only two-phase current (the current sensors are arranged on any two phase lines) is required to be collected, and then the current of the third phase can be calculated. In the general disc motor driving process with fixed air gap X, the controller combines the current loop and the speed loop in the program through the externally given voltage signal (usually adopting a rotating handle to control the voltage), thereby achieving the aim of controlling the disc motor to output a certain speed.
When the wedge surfaces of the second arc wedge block and the first arc wedge block are mutually extruded to relatively rotate, the limiting pin moves in the arc limiting hole, and when the limiting pin is in compression joint with one end of the arc limiting hole, the rotor disc moves leftwards to the limit, namely the air gap X reaches the minimum value, and the power assisting of the motor reaches the set maximum value. The cooperation of spacer pin and arc spacing hole guarantees that the rotor dish can not remove to contact with the stator dish to guarantee the validity of helping hand.
The invention adopts the mode that a rider applies external force to the pedal to enable the wedge surfaces of the second arc wedge block and the first arc wedge block to be mutually extruded, and the size of the air gap between the rotor disc and the stator disc of the disc type motor is automatically adjusted according to the size of the external force, so that the output of the power assisting size of the motor is realized. The larger the external force is, the larger the power assisting is, so that a rider can maintain a stable riding force.
In summary, the invention can automatically judge how much torque and speed the disc motor should output in the riding process, has the advantages of scientific principle, small volume, compact structure and convenient installation, and can be more directly and accurately converted into the air gap size of the disc motor according to the external force applied by a rider to the pedal and give proper torque for providing assistance according to the rotation speed of the middle shaft, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly and accurately adjusting the assistance when different riding external forces are applied, being applicable to various application occasions of bicycles and not influenced by road conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall outline of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the disk motor of the present invention mounted on a central shaft;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view in the direction A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the chain plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the right side of the rotor of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the connections between the disc motor, controller and battery pack of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the controller;
fig. 9 is a graph of current i as a function of rotational speed n.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-9, the mid-motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein a battery pack 19 and a controller 20 are arranged on a front side oblique beam 18 of the vehicle body, and a disc power-assisted motor is arranged outside a center shaft 1 of the vehicle body; the disc type booster motor comprises a cylinder shell 2, a stator disc 3 and a rotor disc 4 which are coaxially arranged with a central shaft 1 of a vehicle body, wherein the left side of the cylinder shell 2 is rotationally connected with the central shaft 1, the stator disc 3 is fixedly arranged on the left side inside the cylinder shell 2, the rotor disc 4 is arranged on the right side inside the cylinder shell 2, the inner circle of the rotor disc 4 is in transmission connection with the outer circle of the central shaft 1 through a spline structure 5, an air gap X is arranged between the right side of the stator disc 3 and the left side of the rotor disc 4, and an air gap size adjusting mechanism is arranged between the central shaft 1 and the rotor disc 4; the outer edge of the left side surface of the rotor disc 4 is uniformly provided with a plurality of Hall magnetic steels 21 along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the cylinder shell 2 is provided with three Hall sensors 22 positioned on the left side of the rotor disc 4, the three Hall sensors 22 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder shell 2, the radius of a circle where the three Hall sensors 22 are positioned is equal to that of a circle where the plurality of Hall magnetic steels 21 are positioned, the center line is coincident, the stator disc 3 is connected with the controller 20 through U, V, W three phase lines, the Hall sensors 22 are connected with the controller 20 through HU, HV, HW, H +, H-five Hall lines 23, and the battery pack 19 supplies power to the controller 20 through two wires.
The air gap size adjusting mechanism comprises a disc spring 6, a left circular ring 7 and a right circular ring 8, wherein a positioning ring 9 positioned on the left side of a rotor disc 4 is arranged on the outer circle of a center shaft 1, the disc spring 6 is sleeved on the outer circle of the center shaft 1, the left end of the disc spring 6 is in compression joint with the right side of the positioning ring 9, the right end of the disc spring 6 is in compression joint with the left side surface of the rotor disc 4, the left circular ring 7 is fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the rotor disc 4, a chain disc 10 on a vehicle body is arranged on the center shaft 1 and positioned on the right side of the rotor disc 4, the right circular ring 8 is fixedly arranged on the left side surface of the chain disc 10, the left circular ring 7 and the right circular ring 8 are coaxial and are correspondingly arranged left and right, at least three first arc wedges 11 are uniformly arranged on the right side surface of the left circular ring 7 along the circumferential direction, at least three second arc wedges 12 are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of the right circular ring 8 along the circumferential direction, and the wedge surfaces of the three first arc wedges 11 and the three second arc wedges 12 are in one-to-one correspondence and are in compression joint with each other.
The left side of the chain disk 10 is provided with a plurality of arc limiting holes 13 along the circumferential direction, the arc lengths of the arc limiting holes 13, the first arc wedge 11 and the second arc wedge 12 are equal, the right side of the rotor disk 4 is provided with limiting pins 14 which are the same as the arc limiting holes 13 in number and correspond to each other one by one along the circumferential direction, and each limiting pin 14 correspondingly stretches into one arc limiting hole 13.
The rotor disk 4 comprises a magnet yoke 15 with an opening on the left side, permanent magnets 16 corresponding to the left side and the right side of the stator disk 3 are arranged in the magnet yoke 15, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer edge of the left side face of the magnet yoke 15, and each Hall magnetic steel 21 is correspondingly arranged in one groove.
The controller 20 internally comprises two current sensors 24, a MOS driving module 25, a driving chip 26, a filtering module 27 and a central processing unit 28, wherein the two current sensors 24 are respectively arranged on two of three phase lines, binding posts on the stator plate 3 are connected with the MOS driving module 25 through U, V, W three phase lines, the MOS driving module 25 is connected with the central processing unit 28 through the driving chip 26, the two current sensors 24 are connected with the central processing unit 28 through the filtering module 27, and signal input ends of the central processing unit 28 are respectively connected with the three Hall sensors 22; the CPU program of the controller presets a current value according to the relation between current and rotating speed, and the electric vehicle distributes the determined driving current according to the rotating speed, and outputs corresponding power assistance through the change of the air gap of the disc motor after the disc spring is compressed by the input torque.
A driving method of a centrally-mounted motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the rider treads pedals 17 on the left side and the right side respectively to drive the middle shaft 1 to rotate, the middle shaft 1 drives the rotor disc 4 to rotate through the spline structure 5, the second arc wedge 12 on the left side of the chain disc 10 and the wedge surface of the first arc wedge 11 on the right side of the rotor disc 4 are extruded, the extrusion force F is perpendicular to the wedge surface and is decomposed into a radial component F1 and an axial component F2, the radial component F1 drives the chain disc 10 to rotate, torque is generated on the chain disc 10, the chain disc 10 drives the rear wheel to move forwards through a chain, the extrusion force F is increased, and the radial component F1 and the axial component F2 are also increased;
the rotor disk 4 drives the Hall magnetic steel 21 to rotate in the rotating process, the three Hall sensors 22 detect the rotating speed of the Hall magnetic steel 21, namely the rotating speed of the main shaft, a rotating speed signal is transmitted to the central processing unit 28 of the controller 20, the central processing unit 28 matches a corresponding output current according to the rotating speed to the disk motor, the output current corresponds to a certain output torque, and the disk motor outputs torque assistance to the central shaft 1, so that a rider saves more effort;
if the rider needs to drive the electric vehicle to have higher rotation speed, the moment of pedaling the pedal 17 is increased, the extrusion force F is increased, the radial component force F1 and the axial component force F2 are also increased, the axial component force F2 overcomes the elasticity of the disc spring 6, the larger the external force applied to the pedal 17 is, the larger the axial component force F2 is, so that the rotor disc 4 is pushed to move leftwards on the center shaft 1, the air gap X is reduced, and the disc type electric motor can output larger moment to the center shaft 1 under the same current, so that the aim of acceleration is achieved; in the output capacity range of the disc motor, the air gap and the output torque are in a proportional relation; the electric vehicle is driven by manpower output with smaller force under the assistance of the disc motor, so that the purpose of labor-saving riding is achieved; the current i, the rotation speed n and the time t in the program of the controller 20 are in one-to-one correspondence according to a certain function relationship, as shown in fig. 9.
In the process of ascending an incline or heavy load of the electric vehicle, the moment of pedaling the pedal 17 by a rider is increased, the rotating speed of the middle shaft 1 is reduced, the rotating speed of the Hall magnetic steel 21 is detected to be reduced by the Hall sensor 22, the CPU 28 is matched with a corresponding smaller output current according to the rotating speed to provide the output current for the disc motor, namely the output current is reduced to a new value, but at the moment, the air gap X is compressed to be smaller, the output torque of the disc motor is increased, the rotating speed of the rotor disc 4 is increased after the torque is increased, so that the current distributed by the battery pack 19 for the disc motor is increased, the output torque of the disc motor is increased, and the power assisting is realized; conversely, when the moment of pedaling 17 by the rider decreases, the air gap X increases under the action of the disc spring 6, the disc motor output moment decreases, and the disc motor output speed decreases, i.e., the rotational speed of the rotor disc 4 and the bottom bracket axle 1 decreases.
The present embodiment is not limited in any way by the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention are all included in the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a put motor moment helping hand electric motor car, includes automobile body, its characterized in that: a battery pack and a controller are arranged on the front oblique beam of the vehicle body, and a disc type booster motor is arranged outside the central shaft of the vehicle body; the disc type booster motor comprises a cylinder shell, a stator disc and a rotor disc, wherein the cylinder shell, the stator disc and the rotor disc are coaxially arranged with a central shaft of a vehicle body, the left side of the cylinder shell is rotationally connected with the central shaft, the stator disc is fixedly arranged on the left side inside the cylinder shell, the rotor disc is arranged on the right side inside the cylinder shell, the inner circle of the rotor disc is in transmission connection with the outer circle of the central shaft through a spline structure, an air gap is formed between the right side of the stator disc and the left side of the rotor disc, and an air gap size adjusting mechanism is arranged between the central shaft and the rotor disc; the outer edge of the left side surface of the rotor disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of Hall magnetic steels along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the cylinder shell is provided with three Hall sensors positioned at the left side of the rotor disc, the three Hall sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder shell, the circles where the three Hall sensors are positioned are equal to the circles where the plurality of Hall magnetic steels are positioned in radius and the central lines coincide, the stator disc is connected with the controller through U, V, W three phase lines, the Hall sensors are connected with the controller through HU, HV, HW, H + and H-five Hall lines, and the battery pack supplies power to the controller through two wires;
the air gap size adjusting mechanism comprises a disc spring, a left circular ring and a right circular ring, wherein a positioning ring positioned at the left side of a rotor disc is arranged on the outer circle of a center shaft, the disc spring is sleeved on the outer circle of the center shaft, the left end of the disc spring is in compression joint with the right side of the positioning ring, the right end of the disc spring is in compression joint with the left side surface of the rotor disc, the left circular ring is fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the rotor disc, a chain disc on a vehicle body is arranged on the center shaft and positioned at the right side of the rotor disc, the right circular ring is fixedly arranged on the left side surface of the chain disc, the left circular ring and the right circular ring are coaxial and are correspondingly arranged left and right, at least three first arc-shaped wedges are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of the left circular ring along the circumferential direction, and at least three second arc-shaped wedges are in left-right one-to-one correspondence and mutually compression joint with the wedge surfaces of the three second arc-shaped wedges;
the left side surface of the chain disc is provided with a plurality of arc limiting holes along the circumferential direction, the arc lengths of the arc limiting holes, the first arc wedge block and the second arc wedge block are equal, the right side surface of the rotor disc is provided with limiting pins which are the same in number with the arc limiting holes and correspond to each other one by one along the circumferential direction, and each limiting pin correspondingly stretches into one arc limiting hole;
the controller comprises two current sensors, a MOS driving module, a driving chip, a filtering module and a central processing unit, wherein the two current sensors are respectively arranged on two of three phase lines, binding posts on the stator disc are connected with the MOS driving module through U, V, W three phase lines, the MOS driving module is connected with the central processing unit through the driving chip, the two current sensors are connected with the central processing unit through the filtering module, and signal input ends of the central processing unit are respectively connected with the three Hall sensors;
the CPU program of the controller presets a current value according to the relation between current and rotating speed, and the electric vehicle distributes the determined driving current according to the rotating speed, and outputs corresponding power assistance through the change of the air gap of the disc motor after the disc spring is compressed by the input torque.
2. The center motor torque booster electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the rotor disk comprises a magnet yoke with an opening on the left side, a permanent magnet corresponding to the stator disk is arranged in the magnet yoke, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer edge of the left side face of the magnet yoke, and each Hall magnetic steel is correspondingly arranged in one groove.
3. The driving method of the mid-motor moment power-assisted electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the rider treads pedals on the left side and the right side respectively to drive the middle shaft to rotate, the middle shaft drives the rotor disc to rotate through the spline structure, the second arc wedge block on the left side of the chain disc and the wedge surface of the first arc wedge block on the right side of the rotor disc are extruded, the extrusion force F is perpendicular to the wedge surface, the F is decomposed into a radial component force F1 and an axial component force F2, the radial component force F1 drives the chain disc to rotate, torque is generated on the chain disc, the chain disc drives the rear wheel to move forwards through the chain, the extrusion force F is increased, and the radial component force F1 and the axial component force F2 are also increased;
the rotor disk drives the Hall magnetic steel to rotate in the rotating process, the three Hall sensors detect the rotating speed of the Hall magnetic steel, namely the rotating speed of the main shaft, a rotating speed signal is transmitted to the central processing unit of the controller, the central processing unit is matched with a corresponding output current according to the rotating speed to the disk motor, the output current corresponds to a certain output moment, and the disk motor outputs moment assistance to the central shaft, so that a rider can save more effort;
if a rider needs to drive the electric vehicle to have higher rotating speed, the moment of pedaling is increased, at the moment, the extrusion force F is increased, the radial component force F1 and the axial component force F2 are also increased, the axial component force F2 overcomes the elasticity of the disc spring, the larger the external force applied to the pedal is, the larger the axial component force F2 is, so that the rotor disc is pushed to move leftwards on the central shaft, the air gap X is reduced, and the disc type electric motor can output larger moment to the central shaft under the same current, thereby achieving the aim of acceleration; in the output capacity range of the disc motor, the air gap and the output torque are in a proportional relation; the electric vehicle is driven by manpower output with smaller force under the assistance of the disc motor, so that the purpose of labor-saving riding is achieved;
in the process of ascending an slope or heavy load of the electric vehicle, the pedaling moment of a rider is increased, the rotating speed of a middle shaft is reduced, the Hall sensor detects the reduction of the rotating speed of Hall magnetic steel, a central processing unit is matched with a corresponding smaller output current according to the rotating speed to give the disk motor, namely, the output current is reduced to a new value, but at the moment, the air gap X is compressed to be smaller, the output torque of the disk motor is increased, the rotating speed of a rotor disk is increased after the torque is increased, so that the current distributed by a battery pack for the disk motor is increased, the output torque of the disk motor is increased, and the power assisting is realized; on the contrary, when the pedaling moment of the rider is reduced, the air gap X is increased under the action of the disc spring, the output moment of the disc motor is reduced, and the output speed of the disc motor is reduced, namely the rotating speed of the rotor disc and the center shaft is reduced.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0923509A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-21 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Driving gear for rolling stock and its drive control method |
| US6034499A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 2000-03-07 | Tranovich; Stephen J. | Method of controlling rotary position of a torque motor |
| WO2015074426A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | 宁波市鄞州恒泰机电有限公司 | Wheel hub motor and method for using same |
| WO2018081996A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-11 | 北京轻客智能科技有限责任公司 | Torque sensing device and electric power-assisted vehicle applying said torque sensing device |
| CN112591002A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-04-02 | 朱幕松 | Middle axle mounted electric bicycle |
| WO2022018366A1 (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-01-27 | Moving Magnet Technologies | Cycle driving device having a torque sensor |
-
2022
- 2022-06-01 CN CN202210615879.5A patent/CN115107923B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0923509A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-21 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Driving gear for rolling stock and its drive control method |
| US6034499A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 2000-03-07 | Tranovich; Stephen J. | Method of controlling rotary position of a torque motor |
| WO2015074426A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | 宁波市鄞州恒泰机电有限公司 | Wheel hub motor and method for using same |
| WO2018081996A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-11 | 北京轻客智能科技有限责任公司 | Torque sensing device and electric power-assisted vehicle applying said torque sensing device |
| WO2022018366A1 (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-01-27 | Moving Magnet Technologies | Cycle driving device having a torque sensor |
| CN112591002A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-04-02 | 朱幕松 | Middle axle mounted electric bicycle |
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|---|---|
| CN115107923A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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