CN115107128B

CN115107128B - Application of flame-retardant wood, fire sensing device, alarm method, equipment and system

Info

Publication number: CN115107128B
Application number: CN202210020068.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈文帅; 凌盛杰; 高森; 李勍; 任婧
Original assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Current assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Priority date: 2022-01-10
Filing date: 2022-01-10
Publication date: 2024-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-10
Also published as: CN115107128A

Abstract

The invention provides a purpose of flame-retardant wood, a fire sensing device, an alarm method, equipment and a system. The use of the flame retardant wood as a heat sensing material or thermistor in an environmental sensor. The flame-retardant wood formed in the application has a flame-retardant effect and excellent environmental safety because the resistance value can change along with the temperature change, and is suitable for being used as a heat sensing material or a thermistor, so that the environmental perception early warning system produced by the invention can maintain an environmental monitoring function under the extreme condition, and the service life of the sensing material is long.

Description

Application of flame-retardant wood, fire sensing device, alarm method, equipment and system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional wood, in particular to a purpose of flame-retardant wood, a fire sensing device, an alarm method, equipment and a system.

Background

At present, the urban fire alarm still has a plurality of problems: firstly, the fire alarm is inflammable and can not prevent the spread of fire; secondly, the fire alarm system has high price and complex structure and cannot be applied in a large area; thirdly, the fire alarm system has low alarm speed and limited action area, so that fire information cannot be transmitted, and the extinguishing work is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire retardant wood use, fire sensing device, alarm method, apparatus and system for solving the problems of the prior art.

To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.

The invention provides an application of flame-retardant wood in an environmental sensor as a heat sensing material.

The invention also provides application of the flame retardant material as a thermistor.

Preferably, the flame-retardant wood is obtained by impregnating wood with a salt solution, then drying the wood.

Preferably, the salt solution has a concentration of 1wt% to 50wt%, such as may be 1wt% to 5wt%, 5wt% to 10wt%, 10wt% to 15wt%, 15wt% to 20wt%, 20wt% to 25wt%, 25wt% to 30wt%, 30wt% to 35wt%, 35wt% to 40wt%, 40wt% to 45wt%, or 45wt% to 50wt%.

Preferably, the salt in the salt solution is a metal halide. Preferably, the solvent in the salt solution is water.

More preferably, the metal halide is selected from one or more of calcium halide, zinc halide, lithium halide, magnesium halide and sodium halide. More preferably, the metal halide is selected from one or more of calcium chloride, lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, sodium iodide and lithium iodide. Most preferably, the metal halide is selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, lithium chloride and magnesium chloride.

Preferably, the impregnation is carried out under vacuum conditions, and the vacuum conditions are maintained for 1 to 20 hours. Wood with smaller size and thinner thickness has shorter treatment time, and vice versa. More preferably, the vacuum treatment is performed several times with a treatment period of atmospheric pressure between two adjacent vacuum treatments. The treatment time is 1-5 min under the atmospheric pressure condition. The shorter atmospheric pressure condition treatment facilitates the impregnation of the solution. The use of a plurality of spaced vacuum conditions allows for better filling of the aqueous metal halide solution into the wood.

More preferably, the number of vacuum treatments is 1 to 50.

Preferably, the wood is selected from the group of hardwood wood, which is suitable for use in construction or furniture decorative wood. Specifically, poplar wood and tung wood are used.

Preferably, the drying is performed at normal temperature and pressure. More preferably, the drying temperature is 20 to 30 ℃.

Preferably, in the range of 0 to 100 ℃, as the temperature increases, the resistance value of the thermistor or heat sensing material formed using the flame retardant wood decreases. Preferably, in the range of 30 to 80 ℃, as the temperature increases, the resistance value of the thermistor or heat sensing material formed using the flame retardant wood decreases.

In the application, the invention solves the inflammable problem of the wood for the home, and the wood is intelligent and can be applied to the fields of intelligent home and fireproof buildings.

The application also discloses a fire hazard induction system, fire hazard induction system is the electric loop, establish ties on the electric loop and have power and adopt thermistor or the thermal sensing material that fire-retardant timber formed.

According to the fire sensing device, the circuit is further connected with a current control resistor in series.

According to the fire sensing device, the electric loop module is covered with the insulating layer, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 1-5 mm.

The application also discloses an environmental fire alarming method which is applied to fire alarming equipment, wherein the fire alarming equipment comprises one or more fire sensing devices arranged in the environment; the alarm method for the environmental fire disaster comprises the following steps:

receiving electrical signal data on the fire sensing device;

calculating and judging whether the environment where the fire sensing device is positioned meets preset safety conditions according to the electric signal data;

if the fire information does not meet the preset safety conditions, the fire information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent outwards so that the public fire platform or the user terminal can acquire or send out the fire alarm.

According to the alarm method, if the judgment is not in accordance with the preset safety condition, a control instruction for broadcasting the voice warning information outwards is sent.

According to the alarm method, the electrical signal data is a resistance value or a current value in an electrical loop.

According to the above-mentioned alarm method, the method for judging whether the environment where the fire sensing device is located meets the preset safety condition includes:

calculating the resistance value of the thermistor corresponding to the received electric signal data;

judging whether the variation value of the resistance value of the received thermistor exceeds a preset alarm threshold value in the sampling time;

if the alarm threshold value is exceeded, judging that the preset safety condition is not met.

According to the alarm method, the electric signal data received at different times and the resistance value of the corresponding thermistor are stored, so that the maintenance is convenient.

According to the above-mentioned alarm method, the method for judging whether the environment where the fire sensing device is located meets the preset safety condition further includes:

after exceeding the alarm threshold, continuing to judge whether the duration exceeding the alarm threshold exceeds the preset judging time;

if the judgment is not in accordance with the preset safety condition and the preset judgment time is not exceeded, alarm information of fire early warning and position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent outwards so that a public fire platform or a user terminal can acquire or display the fire early warning alarm;

If the judgment is not in accordance with the preset safety condition and the judgment time is exceeded, fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent out, so that a public fire platform or a user terminal can acquire and display the fire alarm.

According to the alarm method, the alarm method is applied to cloud management equipment, the cloud management equipment is respectively in communication connection with fire alarm equipment and a public fire platform, and the method comprises the following steps:

receiving fire alarm information and environment position information of a fire occurrence from fire alarm equipment with preset safety conditions;

and transmitting the fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs to the public fire platform.

Also disclosed in the present application is a fire alarm device comprising:

the electric signal acquisition module comprises one or more fire sensing devices, and is used for acquiring environmental temperature data in real time;

the control module is used for processing the temperature control data and judging whether the environment where the fire sensing device is positioned meets preset safety conditions or not;

and the first communication module is used for sending fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire disaster occurs to the outside through the first communication module when the control module judges that the environment where the fire disaster sensing device is positioned does not accord with the preset safety condition, so as to be acquired by a public fire platform or a user terminal.

The fire alarm device according to the above, the control module includes:

the calculation module is used for calculating the resistance value of the thermistor corresponding to the received electric signal data;

the judging module is used for judging whether the received change value of the resistance value of the thermistor exceeds a preset alarm threshold value in the sampling time, and if the change value exceeds the alarm threshold value, judging that the change value does not meet the preset safety condition.

The fire alarm device according to the above, the control module further comprises: and the judging time module is used for judging whether the duration exceeding the alarm threshold exceeds the preset judging time.

The fire alarm device according to the above, wherein the first communication module is configured to:

when the control module judges that the environment where the fire sensing device is located does not accord with the preset safety condition and the duration time exceeding the alarm threshold value does not exceed the preset judging time, alarm information of fire early warning and position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent outwards so as to enable a public fire platform or a user terminal to acquire or display the fire early warning alarm;

when the control module judges that the environment where the fire sensing device is located does not accord with the preset safety condition and the duration exceeding the alarm threshold exceeds the judging time, the fire alarm information and the position information of the fire environment are sent out, so that a public fire platform or a user terminal can acquire and display the fire alarm.

According to the fire alarm device, the fire alarm device further comprises a storage module electrically connected with the electric signal acquisition module and used for storing fire alarm information and position information of the environment where the fire occurs so as to enable a public fire platform or a user terminal to acquire or/and display a fire alarm.

The fire alarm device comprises a voice module, an LED indication module and a key module, wherein the LED indication module is used for indicating the fire;

if the control module judges that the environment where the fire sensing device is located does not accord with the preset safety condition, a control instruction for broadcasting voice warning information outwards is sent to the voice module.

The application also discloses cloud management equipment, include:

the second communication module is used for receiving fire alarm information from fire alarm equipment which does not meet preset safety conditions and position information of the environment where the fire occurs;

and the interface module is used for transmitting the fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire disaster occurs to the public fire platform.

The fire alarm system comprises one or more fire alarm devices and cloud management devices.

The application also discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a first computer program which when executed by a processor implements an alarm method as described above.

The application of the ion conductor material as a sensing material or as a thermistor in an environmental sensor, a fire sensing device, an alarm method, equipment and a system has the beneficial effects that the technical scheme comprises the following technical scheme:

(1) The flame-retardant wood is utilized, and the resistance value of the flame-retardant wood also changes along with the temperature change, for example, the flame-retardant wood is in a range of 0-100 ℃, preferably in a range of 30-80 ℃, and the flame-retardant wood has a descending trend, so that the flame-retardant wood is very suitable for being used as a heat sensing material or a thermistor; the fire alarm device based on the flame retardant wood has the advantages of wide raw material sources, pure nature, no pollution, biodegradability, low cost and the like, is easy to build and high in alarm speed, and can realize large-size preparation.

(2) In addition, the flame-retardant wood used as the heat sensing material or the thermistor has a flame-retardant effect and also has excellent environmental safety, so that the fire sensing device formed by the heat sensing material or the thermistor and the corresponding alarm equipment and system can still maintain the environmental monitoring function under extreme conditions.

The environmental fire alarm method based on the fire sensing device and the fire alarm equipment can realize continuous real-time monitoring, output monitoring signals and alarm signals to the user terminal, realize real-time alarm and greatly reduce the cost of manpower, material resources and financial resources for fire early warning and alarm in the prior art; raw data including raw resistance information, spatial geolocation information and the like can also be stored, so that parameter adjustment and later maintenance are facilitated.

According to the invention, the low-cost flame-retardant wood is used as a sensing device, an alarm system is connected, alarm information is transmitted to a plurality of devices through the Internet of things, timely response to fire is realized, and the flame-retardant wood is expected to be applied to a plurality of fields such as smart home, construction, military industry and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the flame retardant effect of FR-wood obtained in example 1.

FIG. 2 shows the flame retarding mechanism of FR-wood obtained in example 1.

Fig. 3 shows the flame retardant effect of wood after treatment with different metal halides compared to natural wood.

FIG. 4 shows the three-point bending test effect of FR-wood in example 1 and wood R-wood not treated in example 1.

FIG. 5 shows the compression test effect of FR-wood in example 1 and wood R-wood not treated in example 1.

FIG. 6 shows the tensile test effect of FR-wood in example 1 and wood R-wood not treated in example 1.

FIG. 7 shows the resistance change curve when FR-wood of example 1 was used in the event of a fire.

FIG. 8 shows the resistance change of FR-wood according to the invention at different temperatures under 50% humidity.

FIG. 9 shows the peak heat release rate of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 3 at 25.4℃and 13.2 RH%.

Fig. 10 shows the total heat release of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 3 at 25.4 c and 13.2 RH%.

Fig. 11 shows the smoke release peaks of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 3 at 25.4 ℃ and 13.2 RH%.

Fig. 12 shows the total smoke emission of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 3 at 25.4 ℃ and 13.2 RH%.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a construction of a fire alarm system in the embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a construction of a fire alarm device in the embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a flow chart schematically showing an alarm method for environmental fire in the embodiment.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of cloud end management device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 17 shows a fire alarm system formed in a wooden house made of fire retardant wood in the present application.

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.

Before the embodiments of the invention are explained in further detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its scope to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods in the following examples, in which specific conditions are not noted, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.

Where numerical ranges are provided in the examples, it is understood that unless otherwise stated herein, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints are significant both in the numerical range. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, materials used in the embodiments, any methods, devices, and materials of the prior art similar or equivalent to those described in the embodiments of the present invention may be used to practice the present invention according to the knowledge of one skilled in the art and the description of the present invention.

The wood used in the examples of this application is poplar.

Example 1

The preparation method of the flame retardant wood in the embodiment is as follows:

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium chloride solution from 20wt% of calcium chloride and distilled water, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all poplar wood in the calcium chloride solution obtained in the step a;

c. vacuum treatment: placing the solution impregnated with the wood obtained in the step b into a vacuum box, vacuumizing, releasing the vacuum every 20 hours, filling the solution into the wood, and repeating the process for 3 times;

d. and (3) drying at room temperature: taking out the solution impregnated with the wood obtained in the step c from the vacuum box, keeping the solution at normal pressure for more than 1min, taking out the wood in the solution, and drying the wood at normal temperature and normal pressure for 2h.

The flame retardant wood obtained by the method is numbered FR-wood.

In order to examine the flame retardant properties of flame retardant wood, the applicant conducted the following experiments.

As shown in FIG. 1a, after 20 seconds of flame treatment at 1300 ℃, the natural wood is burned in a large area. In contrast, after FR-wood was flame treated at 1300 ℃ for 20s and then left the flame, the flame extinguished within 1s and left a dense carbon layer on the surface; after treating at 1300 ℃ for 45s and then leaving the flame, the flame extinguishes within 3s and leaves a dense carbon layer on the surface; after treatment at 1300 ℃ for 90s and then leaving the flame, the flame extinguished within 4s and left a dense carbon layer on the surface.

As shown in FIG. 1b, the natural wood has an ignition time of 6s and an FR-wood ignition time of 19s according to ISO 5660-1 cone calorimeter test method. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 1c, the FR-wood can reach 100% of oxygen index in LOI test according to ISO 4589 test method, while the natural wood oxygen index is only 20%. As shown in fig. 1e, the peak heat release rate and the peak smoke release rate of the flame retardant wood prepared in this example were reduced by 80% and 93%, respectively, and the total heat release and total smoke release were reduced by 61% and 96%, respectively, according to the ISO 5660-1 cone calorimeter test method.

The flame retardant mechanism of FR-wood can be obtained through TG-MS analysis, FIG. 2a corresponds to the TG-MS diagram of natural wood, FIG. 2b corresponds to the TG-MS diagram of FR-wood, and the specific mechanism is explained as follows:

1) Dehydrating:

the dewatering of natural lumber and FR-wood is divided into two stages, the first stage is free water removal and the second stage is bound water removal. The most intense free water removal temperature of the natural wood is 143 ℃, the most intense free water removal temperature of the FR-wood is 187 ℃, and the phenomenon shows that the FR-wood free water removal is more difficult and the water retention is better than that of the natural wood. Meanwhile, water is used as a typical flame retardant, and better water retention means better flame retardance. The most intense dehydration temperature of the natural wood in the second stage is 395 ℃, and the FR-wood corresponds to 305 ℃, which indicates that the FR-wood reduces the pyrolysis temperature of the wood components, so that a compact carbon layer is formed in advance to block a large amount of heat from the outside, and the pyrolysis of the wood components below the carbon layer is slowed down.

2) Gas phase dilution:

FR-wood combustion generates a large amount of nonflammable gas H ₂ O、SO ₂ 、CO ₂ And the like, the release of the gases can dilute oxygen and gaseous combustible materials in the surrounding environment, and meanwhile, the nonflammable gases have certain heat dissipation and cooling effects, so that combustion is prevented.

3) Coagulation isolation function:

CaCl ₂ generates a small amount of inorganic acid at high temperature, which dehydrates wood and simultaneously dehydrates the wood at Ca ²⁺ Under the catalysis of the catalyst,

promoting the cross-linking of wood to form a porous compact carbon layer. The carbon layer can isolate air and heat conduction, prevent the volatilization of combustible gas,

the wood substrate is protected, and the aim of flame retardance is fulfilled.

4) Free radical quenching:

natural wood generates a great amount of combustible free radicals when burned, and the free radicals react with combustible gas to generate new combustible free radicals, which continuously fuel flame, cause chain reaction and spread the flame. FR-wood can generate Cl-free radicals with lower reactivity when burned, has the capability of capturing combustible free radicals, and then stops the chain reaction.

FIG. 4 shows the three-point bending test effect of FR-wood in example 1 of the present application and wood R-wood not treated in example 1. The three-point bending test was performed using a sample size of 10cm (length) ×1cm (width) ×0.8cm (height). The test method in the three-point bending test is GB/T9341-2008.

FIG. 5 shows the compression test effect of FR-wood in example 1 of the present application with wood R-wood not treated in example 1. Wherein the dimensions of the sample used in the tensile test were 4cm (length) ×2cm (width) ×1cm (height). The test method in compression test in the application is GB 13022-91.

FIG. 6 shows the tensile test effect of FR-wood in example 1 of the present application and of R-wood of wood not treated in example 1. Wherein the dimensions of the sample used in the tensile test were 15cm (length) ×1cm (width) ×0.4cm (height). The test method in tensile test in the application is GB/T1041-92.

It can be seen from fig. 4, 5 and 6 that the mechanical properties of FR-wood are very similar to those of R-wood when no combustion occurs, and the mechanical properties of R-wood are significantly reduced with the increase of combustion time, even under the longer combustion time, and the FR-wood supports itself. However, FR-wood has relatively slow degradation of mechanical properties during combustion and exhibits relatively strong mechanical properties under flame treatment.

Fig. 7 is a graph showing the resistance change of FR-wood when it is exposed to fire, the resistance change being divided into four phases:

plateau i: under normal conditions, the FR-wood resistance is stable within a certain range;

alarm region: after contacting flame, the ion movement speed in FR-wood is increased, the resistance is continuously reduced, and the stage is a sensor response stage;

Plateau iii: the ion movement speed reaches the maximum value, and the resistance reaches the stable stage;

failure: at this point the water gradually evaporates and the ion movement slows down and FR-wood begins to decompose until the propagation breaks.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the resistance change of FR-wood at different temperatures under 50% humidity.

Example 2

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium chloride solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in a proportion of 30wt%, stirring to enable the solution to be colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the calcium chloride solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood impregnating solution;

c. vacuum treatment: d, placing the wood impregnating solution obtained in the step b into a vacuum box for vacuumizing, releasing the vacuum every 20 hours, filling the solution into the wood, and repeating the process for 2 times;

d. and (3) drying at room temperature: taking out the wood impregnating solution obtained in the step c from the vacuum box, keeping the wood impregnating solution at normal pressure for more than 1min, taking out the wood in the solution, and drying the wood at normal temperature and normal pressure for 2h.

Example 3

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium chloride solution from 10wt% of calcium chloride and distilled water, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

c. vacuum treatment: placing the wood impregnating solution obtained in the step b into a vacuum box for vacuumizing, releasing the vacuum every 5 hours, filling the solution into the wood, and repeating the process for 10 times;

Example 4

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium chloride solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in an amount of 5wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

Example 5

a. preparing a solution: preparing zinc chloride solution from zinc chloride and distilled water at 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling with ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the zinc chloride solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

Example 6

a. preparing a solution: preparing a lithium chloride solution by using 30 weight percent of lithium chloride and distilled water, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution by using an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the lithium chloride solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

c. vacuum treatment: placing the wood impregnating solution obtained in the step b into a vacuum box for vacuumizing, releasing the vacuum every 10 hours, filling the solution into the wood, and repeating the process for 5 times;

Example 7

This embodiment differs from example 1 in that the metal halide used to prepare the solution in step a is calcium bromide, and the other preparation steps are the same as those in example 1.

Example 8

This embodiment differs from example 1 in that the metal halide used to prepare the solution in step a is zinc bromide, and the other preparation steps are the same as in example 1.

The oxygen index of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 8 is shown in FIG. 3, which is measured at LOI according to ISO 4589 test method.

In this application, the preparation methods in examples 1 to 8 were all carried out at a temperature of 25℃and a humidity of 65%. The results of the heat release rate peak reduction percentage, the smoke release rate peak reduction percentage, the total heat release reduction percentage, and the total smoke release reduction percentage of the flame retardant wood obtained in examples 1 to 8 are shown in the following table.

In the present application, PHRR is the peak value of heat release rate, and the larger the value of PHRR is the maximum value of HRR in the combustion process of a sample, the greater the probability of occurrence of fire disaster is represented. HRR is the heat release rate and refers to the amount of heat released by the combustion of a material per unit time under specified test conditions. The greater the HRR, the more heat the combustion feeds back to the material surface.

In this application THR is the total heat release.

In this application, PSPR is the peak heat release rate and is the maximum value of SPR of the sample during combustion. SPR is the smoke release rate, which refers to the amount of smoke generated by burning a material per unit time under prescribed test conditions, and is used to evaluate the smoke release behavior of the material upon burning.

In this application, TSP is the total smoke release.

Flame retardant wood was prepared according to the specific embodiment of examples 1 to 3 at 25.4 c and 13.2RH%, and then the performance of the prepared flame retardant wood was tested, and the test results are shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12. As can be seen from fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the flame retardant properties of wood are gradually improved with increasing calcium chloride concentration, and the smoke suppression capability is at a very high level, although there is no significant difference. But found. When the calcium chloride concentration reaches 30wt%, the color change of the wood surface is remarkable, and the decorative properties are deteriorated. In summary, a 20wt% calcium chloride solution concentration was chosen as the optimal concentration for treating wood.

Example 9

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium chloride solution from 20wt% of calcium chloride and distilled water, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

Example 10

a. preparing a solution: preparing a magnesium chloride solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in an amount of 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the magnesium chloride solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

Example 11

a. preparing a solution: preparing a lithium chloride solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in an amount of 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

Example 12

a. preparing a solution: preparing zinc chloride solution from calcium chloride and distilled water at 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling with ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

Example 13

a. preparing a solution: preparing a calcium bromide solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in an amount of 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the calcium bromide solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

Example 14

a. preparing a solution: preparing zinc bromide solution by calcium chloride and distilled water with 20 weight percent, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution by ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. Impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the zinc bromide solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

Example 15

a. preparing a solution: preparing a sodium iodide solution from calcium chloride and distilled water in an amount of 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the sodium iodide solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood impregnating solution;

Example 16

a. preparing a solution: preparing a lithium iodide solution from calcium chloride and distilled water at 20wt%, stirring to make the solution colorless and transparent, and cooling the solution in an ice bath until the temperature of the solution is room temperature;

b. impregnating wood: c, soaking all wood in the lithium iodide solution obtained in the step a to obtain a wood soaking solution;

As can be seen from the above table, caCl in the metal halide ₂ 、MgCl ₂ 、LiCl、CaBr ₂ The flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing effect is more outstanding after wood is treated. However ZnBr ₂ After the timber is treated by NaI and LiI, the flame retardance is improved more, but the smoke suppression capability is improved relatively less. It should be noted that ZnCl ₂ The flame retardant property of the treated wood is improved, but the smoke suppression capability is deteriorated.

Example 17

According to the electrical properties, flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the flame retardant wood as claimed in the application, the flame retardant wood is very suitable for forming a thermistor or a heat sensing material for fire alarm, such as being applied in a plurality of fields of smart home, building, military industry and the like, so as to perform fire protection deployment at the first time of fire occurrence, ensure life safety and reduce property loss.

Specifically, a thermistor or a heat sensing material was formed using the flame retardant wood as described in example 1 for manufacturing a fire sensing device. The fire disaster sensing device is an electric loop, and a power supply and a thermistor or a heat sensing material formed by flame-retardant wood are connected in series on the electric loop.

In a specific embodiment, a current control resistor is also connected in series with the circuit.

In a specific embodiment, the electric circuit is covered with an insulating layer, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 1-5 mm.

As shown in fig. 13, a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The illustrated fire alarm system includes one or more fire alarm devices 11 and a cloud management device 12.

Specifically, the cloud management device 12 may be a cloud server, which may be disposed on one or more entity servers according to a plurality of factors such as functions and loads, or may be formed by a distributed or centralized server cluster, which is not limited in this application.

As shown in fig. 14, specifically, the fire alarm device 11 includes:

the electric signal acquisition module 31 includes one or more fire sensing devices as described above in this embodiment, and is configured to acquire environmental temperature data in real time; the method specifically comprises the steps of electric signal data corresponding to the ambient temperature;

The control module 32 is configured to process the temperature control data and determine whether an environment in which the fire sensing device is located meets a preset safety condition;

the first communication module 33 is configured to send fire alarm information and location information of the environment where the fire disaster occurs to the outside through the first communication module 33 for the public fire platform or the user terminal to obtain when the control module 32 determines that the environment where the fire disaster sensing device is located does not meet the preset safety condition.

In a preferred embodiment as shown in fig. 14, the control module 32 includes:

In a preferred embodiment, the control module 32 further comprises: and the judging time module is used for judging whether the duration exceeding the alarm threshold exceeds the preset judging time.

Specifically, the alarm threshold is an absolute value of a difference in resistance values in a unit time period.

Specifically, the sampling time is a time interval of resistance values corresponding to the acquired two adjacent electric signals.

Specifically, the judging time is the duration time that the resistance value corresponding to the electric signal exceeds the alarm threshold value.

In a preferred embodiment, the first communication module 33 is configured to: when the control module judges that the environment where the fire sensing device is located does not accord with the preset safety condition and the duration time exceeding the alarm threshold value does not exceed the preset judging time, alarm information of fire early warning and position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent outwards so as to enable a public fire platform or a user terminal to acquire or display the fire early warning alarm; when the control module judges that the environment where the fire sensing device is located does not accord with the preset safety condition and the duration exceeding the alarm threshold exceeds the judging time, the fire alarm information and the position information of the fire environment are sent out, so that a public fire platform or a user terminal can acquire and display the fire alarm.

In a preferred embodiment, the fire alarm device further comprises a storage module 35 electrically connected to the electric signal acquisition module 31 for storing fire alarm information and location information of the environment where the fire occurs, so as to enable the public fire platform or the user terminal to acquire and/or display the fire alarm.

In a preferred embodiment, the fire alarm device further comprises any one or more of a voice module, an LED indication module and a key module;

The fire alarm device detects the temperature control data of the environment and obtains the electrical signal data corresponding to the temperature control data, then judges whether the environment where the fire sensing device is located meets the safety condition according to the electrical signal data, if the environment is not met, the fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent to the cloud management device 12 through the cloud network 13, and the cloud management device 12 sends the fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs to the fire public platform 14 through the API interface and based on the fire public platform protocol, so that the fire hidden danger is timely reported to the fire security department, the fire department can be assisted to detect the fire hidden danger at the first time, the fire place is located, and the manpower, material resources and financial cost of traditional fire measures at the forest and other places are reduced.

The construction and implementation principle of the fire alarm system are explained above. Hereinafter, the present application will be further explained in connection with an alarm method of an environmental fire.

As shown in fig. 15, a flow chart of an alarm method for environmental fire in an embodiment of the present application is shown. In this embodiment, the method for alarming an environmental fire is applied to a fire alarm device, where the fire alarm device includes one or more fire alarm devices disposed in the environment; the alarm method for the environmental fire disaster comprises the following steps: s21, S22, S23, and S24;

in step S21, receiving electrical signal data on the fire sensing device; specifically, the electrical signal data is a resistance value or a current value;

in step S22, whether the environment where the fire sensing device is located meets a preset safety condition is determined according to the electrical signal data;

in an embodiment, the method for determining whether the environment of the fire sensing device meets the preset safety condition includes: calculating the resistance value of the thermistor corresponding to the received electric signal data;

If the alarm threshold value is exceeded, judging that the preset safety condition is not met;

in step S23, if the preset safety condition is not met, fire information and location information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent to the outside, so that the public fire platform or the user terminal can acquire or send out a fire alarm; or/and, the control instruction of outwards broadcasting voice warning information can be sent out so as to remind surrounding people of keeping away from dangerous areas and ensure personnel safety.

In a preferred embodiment, the alarm method further comprises storing the electrical signal data received at different times and the resistance value of the corresponding thermistor, so as to facilitate maintenance.

In a preferred embodiment, in the alarm method, the method for determining whether the environment where the fire sensing device is located meets a preset safety condition further includes:

if the judgment is not in accordance with the preset safety condition and the preset judgment time is not exceeded, alarm information of fire early warning and position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent outwards so as to enable a public fire platform or a user terminal to acquire or send out fire early warning alarms;

If the judgment is not in accordance with the preset safety condition and exceeds the judgment time, fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire occurs are sent out, so that a public fire platform or a user terminal can acquire and send out a fire alarm.

In a preferred embodiment, the alarm method is applied to a cloud management device, where the cloud management device is respectively in communication connection with a fire alarm device and a public fire platform, and the method includes:

In a specific embodiment as shown in fig. 16, the cloud management apparatus includes:

a second communication module 41 for receiving fire alarm information from fire alarm devices that do not meet preset safety conditions and location information of an environment in which a fire occurs;

an interface module 42 for transmitting the fire alarm information and location information of the environment where the fire occurs to a public fire platform.

In this embodiment, the interface module is an API interface based on a fire protection public platform protocol, where the API interface is configured to interact with a public fire protection platform to timely notify a fire protection security department to perform a fire protection response when the environmental temperature data is too high.

Fig. 17 shows a fire alarm device and system according to the present inventors, based on a house made of flame retardant wood in the above-described example 1, as a heat sensing material or a thermistor. When the fire touches the house surface, the alarm device will immediately sound an alarm and can respond on multiple devices simultaneously. The invention is expected to be applied to the fields of intelligent home and fireproof buildings.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The application of the flame-retardant wood as a heat sensing material or a thermistor in an environmental sensor is characterized in that the resistance value of the thermistor or the heat sensing material formed by the flame-retardant wood is reduced along with the increase of the temperature in the range of 0-100 ℃; the flame-retardant wood is obtained by adopting salt solution to impregnate the wood, then drying; the salt solution consists of metal halide and water; the metal halide is selected from one or more of calcium halide, zinc halide, lithium halide, magnesium halide and sodium halide; the drying is normal temperature and normal pressure drying, and the drying temperature is 20-30 ℃; the impregnation is carried out under a vacuum condition, and the vacuum condition is maintained for 1-20 h; vacuum treatment is carried out for a plurality of times, and a treatment time period under the atmospheric pressure condition is arranged between two adjacent vacuum treatments; the wood is selected from the group consisting of hardwood wood.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of the salt solution is 1-50 wt%.

3. The fire disaster induction device is characterized in that the fire disaster induction device is an electric loop, and a power supply and a thermistor or a heat sensing material formed by flame-retardant wood are connected in series on the electric loop; the flame-retardant wood is obtained by adopting salt solution to impregnate the wood, then drying; the salt solution consists of metal halide and water; in the range of 0-100 ℃, the resistance value of a thermistor or a heat sensing material formed by adopting the flame-retardant wood is reduced along with the temperature rise; the impregnation is carried out under vacuum conditions; the vacuum condition is kept for 1-20 h; the drying is normal temperature and normal pressure drying, and the drying temperature is 20-30 ℃; vacuum treatment is carried out for a plurality of times, and a treatment time period under the atmospheric pressure condition is arranged between two adjacent vacuum treatments; the wood is selected from the group consisting of hardwood wood.

4. An environmental fire alarm method applied to fire alarm equipment, wherein the fire alarm equipment comprises one or more fire sensing devices as claimed in claim 3 arranged in the environment; the alarm method for the environmental fire disaster comprises the following steps:

Receiving electrical signal data on the fire sensing device;

5. A fire alarm device, comprising:

an electrical signal acquisition module comprising one or more fire sensing devices as claimed in claim 3 for acquiring environmental temperature data in real time;

the control module is used for processing the temperature data and judging whether the environment where the fire sensing device is positioned meets preset safety conditions or not;

6. A fire alarm system comprising one or more fire alarm devices of any one of claims 5 and a cloud management device.

7. The fire alarm system of claim 6, wherein the cloud management device comprises a second communication module for receiving fire alarm information from the fire alarm devices that do not meet a preset safety condition and location information of an environment in which the fire occurs; and the interface module is used for transmitting the fire alarm information and the position information of the environment where the fire disaster occurs to the public fire platform.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a first computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the alarm method as claimed in claim 4.