CN115106526A - Cold isostatic pressing precision forming device and method for molybdenum material plate blank - Google Patents
Cold isostatic pressing precision forming device and method for molybdenum material plate blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN115106526A CN115106526A CN202210733972.6A CN202210733972A CN115106526A CN 115106526 A CN115106526 A CN 115106526A CN 202210733972 A CN202210733972 A CN 202210733972A CN 115106526 A CN115106526 A CN 115106526A
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/093—Compacting only using vibrations or friction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device for a molybdenum plate pressed compact, which consists of an accurate forming die and a material vibrating table. The accurate forming die comprises a square forming cylinder, a square rubber sleeve is sleeved in the square forming cylinder, a forming rubber plug is matched with an opening of the square rubber sleeve, a sealing rubber plate covers the top of the forming rubber plug, an upper fixing plate covers the top of the sealing rubber plate, a lower fixing plate covers the bottom of the square rubber sleeve, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are fixed with each other through bolts. The material shaking table comprises fixed feet, a lower supporting plate is fixed to the tops of the fixed feet and connected with the material shaking platform through a plurality of groups of spring mechanisms, a vibrating motor is fixed to the bottom of the material shaking platform, and a plurality of material shaking rotors are inlaid on the plane of the top of the material shaking platform. The invention also discloses a cold isostatic pressing precise forming method of the molybdenum plate pressed compact. The invention solves the problems of protruding sharp corners, irregular shape and low material utilization rate of the plate in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of molybdenum material slab forming, and relates to a molybdenum material slab cold isostatic pressing precise forming device and a molybdenum material slab cold isostatic pressing precise forming method.
Background
Molybdenum sheet is one of the main profile products of molybdenum material. The molybdenum plate is mostly prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy technology, namely: the molybdenum powder is made into a green compact through a forming process, and is further sintered into a molybdenum plate billet, and then the molybdenum plate with various specifications is manufactured through a pressure processing process such as rolling. Therefore, the molybdenum powder forming is an essential process link, and the main methods comprise cold die pressing, warm die pressing, cold isostatic pressing, hot isostatic pressing and the like.
The cold pressing method is that molybdenum powder is placed in a square concave mould cavity, a punch is placed on the upper portion and the lower portion of a concave mould, the whole mould is placed on a working platform of a press machine, and the whole mould is changed into a plate-shaped and strip-shaped pressed blank with a regular shape under the action of the press machine. The cold die pressing method is the simplest method for forming the molybdenum powder with the highest production efficiency, but has 4 problems: firstly, molybdenum powder easily enters a gap between a cavity of a female die and a punch, so that the die is difficult to disassemble, a press machine for bidirectional pressing in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction has to be adopted, the equipment mechanism is complex, and the price is high; secondly, because the fluidity of the molybdenum powder is poor, the molybdenum powder is difficult to be uniformly distributed in a cavity of a female die, so that the density of the corner part of the pressed compact is low, and the phenomena of edge drop, corner drop and the like are easy to occur when the pressed compact is taken; thirdly, because the densities of all parts of the pressed compact are different, particularly the uniformity of the density in a plane vertical to the thickness direction is poor (the maximum density difference is more than 10 percent), even if the pressed compact with a regular shape is obtained, the shape of the sintered compact is irregular, and the material utilization rate of the molybdenum plate rolled is low; fourth, the cold press method requires a large tonnage of equipment, and even if a green compact having a planar size of 150 × 150mm is formed, a 500-ton press is required, which results in a high manufacturing cost. Therefore, the cold-pressing method is mostly used for forming small-sized molybdenum slabs.
The warm die pressing method is to add a proper amount of fine powder and lubricant into molybdenum powder with conventional particle size, thereby greatly improving the fluidity, filling capacity and formability of mixed powder, and further changing the mixed powder into a pressed blank on a metal die and a press machine at the temperature of 80-130 ℃. The warm die pressing method combines a cold die pressing method and an injection molding technology, the shape precision of a pressed compact is high, but impurity removal in the subsequent sintering process is difficult, so the warm die pressing method is mainly used for forming a molybdenum material complex structural part and is less used for forming a molybdenum plate blank.
The hot isostatic pressing method is that molybdenum powder or pressed compact is packed into steel or titanium sheath, the gas adsorbed on the surface of molybdenum powder, the gaps between molybdenum powder and the sheath is pumped out, the sheath is vacuum sealed and placed into a pressure container with heating furnace, and the forming and sintering are completed under the combined action of high temperature and high pressure by using the inert gas (Ar) expanded by heating as pressure transfer medium. The hot isostatic pressing method is an important densification treatment means for improving the material performance, the relative density of a conventional powder metallurgy part can reach 100% after the hot isostatic pressing treatment, but the hot isostatic pressing method is high in cost, so that the hot isostatic pressing method is mainly used for preparing high-end molybdenum materials such as target materials, and the hot isostatic pressing method is rarely adopted for molybdenum plate billets subjected to subsequent pressure processing.
The cold isostatic pressing method is that molybdenum powder is filled into a flexible rubber or plastic mold with a cuboid cavity, the mold is sealed and placed in a cold isostatic pressing machine, and a molybdenum material pressed compact with similar density of each part is obtained through three-way compressive stress conduction of a liquid medium. According to the current equipment development condition, the maximum forming pressure of the cold isostatic pressing method can reach 630MPa, and the maximum size of the molybdenum material plate blank can reach 1850 multiplied by 200mm, so that compared with the conventional cold and warm mould pressing method, the compact density of the cold isostatic pressing method is 5 to l5 percent higher, and the compact density is uniform. Therefore, the cold isostatic pressing method is always the forming method of the molybdenum material plate compact which is most widely applied in industry.
In the conventional cold isostatic pressing technology, because the rubber sleeve is a flexible substance, the corner positions of the obtained plate pressed blank are irregular in shape, the plate blank is uneven in thickness, the metal flow at the protruded corner in the subsequent rolling process is fast, the sharp corner of the final rolled plate is protruded, meanwhile, the plate blank with uneven thickness causes the irregular shape of the rolled plate, in the subsequent use process, the protruded sharp corner must be cut off, and the irregular shape is cut into a regular shape, so that the material utilization rate is low. Therefore, the preparation of the molybdenum material plate green compact with uniform thickness and the corner part designed as required is a decisive process for realizing less (no) cutting of the molybdenum plate and improving the material utilization rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device for a molybdenum plate pressed compact, which solves the problems of uneven thickness of the pressed compact and protruding corner parts, which further cause protruding sharp corners and irregular shapes of the rolled plate in the existing cold isostatic pressing technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cold isostatic pressing precision forming device for a molybdenum plate pressed compact comprises a precision forming die and a material vibrating table; the precise forming die and the material vibrating table can be fixed with each other through the pressing plate; the accurate forming die comprises a square forming cylinder, a square rubber sleeve is sleeved in the square forming cylinder, the edge of an opening at the top of the square rubber sleeve is provided with a flange, the opening of the square rubber sleeve is matched with a forming rubber plug, the top of the forming rubber plug is covered with a sealing rubber plate, the top of the sealing rubber plate is covered with an upper fixing plate, the bottom of the square rubber sleeve is covered with a lower fixing plate, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate can be fixed with each other through bolts.
The material shaking table comprises fixed feet, a lower supporting plate is fixed to the tops of the fixed feet and connected with the material shaking platform through a spring mechanism, a vibrating motor is fixed to the bottom of the material shaking platform, and a material shaking rotor is embedded in the top plane of the material shaking platform.
The invention is also characterized in that:
through holes are formed in the thickness direction of the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, crossed grooves are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, and the intersecting lines of the through holes and the crossed grooves are polished and blunted.
The square shaping cylinder is a steel cylinder body, the thickness range of the square shaping cylinder is 10-50mm, and the hardness of the square shaping cylinder is not less than HRC 35.
The flange width of square gum cover is not less than the thickness of a sizing section of thick bamboo, and the fillet radius R of square gum cover length and width transition department is 1/4 ~ 1/3 of width, and square gum cover fillet radius R is the same with sizing plug fillet radius rho.
The vibration material rotor is spherical balls or mushroom-shaped column pieces, the spherical balls are embedded in spherical grooves in the upper end face of the vibration material platform in a clearance mode and form sliding fit with the spherical balls, the centers of the spherical balls are 0.2-0.5 mm lower than the upper end face of the vibration material platform, and the mushroom-shaped column pieces are connected to the upper end face of the vibration material platform through bearings.
The material shaking platform is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the pressure plate can fix the precise forming die on the material shaking platform through the T-shaped groove.
The invention also aims to provide a cold isostatic pressing accurate forming method of the molybdenum material plate pressed compact, which adopts the cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device of the molybdenum material plate pressed compact to perform press forming and comprises the following steps:
and 5, disassembling the whole set of precision forming die from the material vibrating table, hoisting the precision forming die in a cold isostatic press, adjusting the pressure of the isostatic press to be 150-250MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5-10min, then opening the precision forming die, and taking out the molybdenum material plate pressed blank.
And 4, after the power supply is turned off during vibration, opening the precise forming die, measuring the distances between the multiple parts of the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve, closing the die, and starting vibration again until the distances between the multiple parts of the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve are equal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device and method for a molybdenum material plate blank, which integrates the advantages of a cold mould pressing method and a conventional cold isostatic pressing method, solves the problems of uneven blank thickness, irregular shape and material waste at a sharp corner part caused by a flexible rubber sleeve of the conventional cold isostatic pressing method by utilizing the mould design principle of the cold isostatic pressing method, improves the material utilization rate, and can effectively utilize the wide width of a rolling mill. Meanwhile, the problem of density uniformity of the molybdenum green compact obtained by the cold desert pressing method is solved by utilizing an isobaric stress principle of the cold isostatic pressing method, and the problem of overlarge equipment tonnage of the cold die pressing method is avoided. Meanwhile, the molybdenum material plate pressed compact obtained by the method has the same microstructure with the conventional cold isostatic pressing pressed compact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of a cold isostatic pressing precision forming device for a molybdenum plate blank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general assembly view of a precision forming die of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a square rubber sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the shaped rubber plug when the thickness of the molybdenum plate pressed compact exceeds 30 mm;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the construction of upper and lower fixing plates according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the present invention sizing plate;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a material shaking table bearing a load of less than 500kg in the invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of area I of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a material shaking table bearing more than 500 kg;
FIG. 10 is a photograph of a compact of a single 6kgMo-0.6La alloy sheet of example 1;
FIG. 11 is a photograph of a sintered compact of a single 6kg Mo-0.6La alloy plate of example 1;
FIG. 12 is a photograph of a stub bar of a single 6kgMo-0.6La sintered compact rolled to a 3mm thick plate of example 1;
FIG. 13 shows a single 120kgMo-0.6Y weight of example 2 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 Microstructure of the alloy sintered blank;
FIG. 14 shows a singlet weight of 120kgMo-0.6Y of example 2 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 The alloy sintered compact was rolled to a 12mm thick stub bar photograph.
In the figure, 1, an upper fixing plate, 2, a square shaping cylinder, 3, a square rubber sleeve, 4, a shaping rubber plug, 5, a sealing rubber plate, 6, molybdenum powder, 7, a bolt, 8, a lower fixing plate, 9, a fixing foot margin, 10, a lower supporting plate, 11, a spring mechanism, 12, a vibration material platform, 13, a vibration material rotor, 14, a vibration motor, 15, a flange, 16, a T-shaped groove and 17 a pressing plate are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention adopts a cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device for molybdenum plate pressed compact, which consists of an accurate forming die and a material vibrating table. As shown in fig. 1, the precise forming die comprises a square forming cylinder 2 made of steel, and the precise forming die and the material shaking table can be fixed to each other through a pressing plate 17; a square rubber sleeve 3 is sleeved in the square sizing cylinder 2, a flange 15 is fixed at the edge of an opening at the top of the square rubber sleeve 3, a sizing rubber plug 4 is matched with the opening of the square rubber sleeve 3, the square rubber sleeve 3 and the sizing rubber plug 4 above form a cuboid cavity, and molybdenum powder 6 is filled in the cavity; a steel lower fixing plate 8 covers the lower surface of the square rubber sleeve 3, a sealing rubber plate 5 and a steel upper fixing plate 1 sequentially cover the shaping rubber plug 4, the lower fixing plate 8 covers the bottom of the square rubber sleeve 3, and the upper fixing plate 1 and the lower fixing plate 8 are fixedly connected through bolts 7, so that the square rubber sleeve 3 and the shaping rubber plug 4 form a closed space, and liquid media in the cold isostatic pressing process are prevented from entering the molybdenum powder 6 or the molybdenum green compact.
The material shaking platform 12 is provided with a T-shaped groove 16, and the pressure plate 17 can fix the precise forming die on the material shaking platform 12 through the T-shaped groove 16.
The thickness of the square shaping cylinder 2 is more than or equal to 10mm, preferably 10-50mm, and the square shaping cylinder 2 must be subjected to thermal refining, and the hardness reaches more than HRC 35.
As shown in fig. 2, the width of the flange 15 of the square rubber sleeve 3 is larger than or equal to the thickness of the shaping cylinder, and is preferably larger than 5-10 mm; the depth of the square rubber sleeve 3 is 1.35-1.5 times of the thickness of the molybdenum pressed blank and the sum of the thickness of the shaping rubber plug 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, if the thickness of the pressed blank does not exceed 30mm, the thickness direction of the square rubber sleeve 3 and the sizing rubber plug 4 is not designed with a fillet; if the pressed compact thickness exceeds 30mm, in order to be convenient for the roll to bite into during rolling, the fillet is designed to the thickness direction of square gum cover 3 and design plug 4, and 3 fillet radiuses r of square gum cover are the same with 4 fillet radiuses rho of design plug, for 1/5 ~ 1/4 of pressed compact thickness.
The fillet radius R at the transition of the length and the width of the square rubber sleeve 3 is 1/4-1/3 of the width.
Because the molybdenum plate blank is rolled according to the principle of minimum resistance, the metal epitaxial flow degree of the joint part of the length and the width is far larger than that of the length direction and the width direction, and when the length is intersected with the width at a right angle, four corners of the rolled molybdenum plate protrude out of the straight edge size and are cut off, so that the transition part of the length and the width of the molybdenum plate blank is in a round angle shape. If the rolled molybdenum plate is square, the fillet radius R of the square rubber sleeve 3 is 1/4 of the width; if the rolled molybdenum plate is tongue shaped, the fillet radius R is 1/3 inches in width.
The length and width dimensions of the sealing rubber plate 5 are the same as the outer contour dimensions of the flange 15 of the square rubber sleeve 3.
As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of through holes are formed in the thickness direction of the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, a plurality of groups of crossed grooves are formed in the horizontal direction of the length and the width of the inner wall, and the intersecting line of the through holes and the grooves is ground and blunted, so that isostatic pressure transmitted by a liquid medium uniformly acts on the molybdenum green compact in the cold isostatic pressing process, and the molybdenum powder 6 or the molybdenum green compact is not penetrated into liquid due to the fact that burrs at the intersecting line scratch the sealing rubber plate 5. In order to reduce weight, the surfaces of the upper fixing plate 1 and the lower fixing plate 8 without grooves can be thinned.
The material vibrating table is shown in fig. 6 and 8 and comprises a fixed ground foot 9, a lower supporting plate 10, a plurality of groups of spring mechanisms 11, a material vibrating platform 12 and a material vibrating rotor 13 which are sequentially installed from bottom to top, a vibration motor 14 is connected to the lower end face of the material vibrating platform 12, a T-shaped groove 16 is formed in the upper end face of the material vibrating platform 12, a lower fixing plate 8 of the precise forming die is fixed on the upper end face of the material vibrating platform 12 through the T-shaped groove 16 and a pressing plate 17, and accordingly horizontal vibration of molybdenum powder 6 in a cavity is achieved.
Wherein the lower support plate 10 is fixedly connected with the vibration material platform 12 through a plurality of groups of spring mechanisms 11;
wherein the vibration material rotor 13 can be a spherical ball or a mushroom-shaped column;
as shown in fig. 6 and 7, if the total weight of the precision forming die and the molybdenum powder 6 is less than 500kg, the vibration rotor 13 of the vibration platform is embedded in the spherical groove on the upper end surface of the vibration platform 12 by using a spherical ball gap. As shown in fig. 7, the spherical balls are in sliding fit with the spherical grooves of the vibration material platform 12, and the centers of the spherical balls are 0.2-0.5 mm lower than the upper end surface of the vibration material platform 12;
as shown in fig. 8, if the total weight of the precision forming die and the molybdenum powder 6 is more than 500kg, the vibration rotor 13 of the vibration platform is connected to the upper end surface of the vibration platform through a bearing by using a mushroom-shaped column.
The cold isostatic pressing precise forming method for the molybdenum material plate pressed compact is implemented by using the cold isostatic pressing precise forming device for the molybdenum material plate pressed compact according to the following steps of:
and 4, starting a power supply of the material vibrating table to enable the precise forming die to vibrate in the horizontal direction for 5-30 min. The specific vibration time is based on the fact that the thicknesses of all parts of the molybdenum powder 6 are the same. In the vibration process, the accurate forming die can be opened after the power supply is turned off, the distances between a plurality of parts of the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder 6 and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve 3 are measured, then the die is closed, and the vibration is started again until the distances between the plurality of parts of the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder 6 and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve 3 are equal;
and 5, disassembling the whole set of precision forming die from the material vibrating table, hoisting the precision forming die in a cold isostatic press, adjusting the pressure of the isostatic press to be 150-250MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5-10min, then opening the precision forming die, and taking out the molybdenum material plate pressed blank.
The molybdenum material comprises molybdenum metal, molybdenum alloy and molybdenum-based composite material, and the molybdenum powder 6 comprises pure molybdenum powder, molybdenum alloy powder and molybdenum-based composite material powder.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the conventional cold isostatic pressing forming is three-dimensional compression deformation, the linear shrinkage rate of molybdenum powder after being filled into a rubber sleeve and normally tamped is 10% -12%, the method is bidirectional compression forming along the thickness direction of a pressed blank, and the height of the tamped powder is 1.35-1.5 times of the thickness of the pressed blank calculated according to isovolumetric shrinkage.
(2) In the cold isostatic pressing process, the molybdenum powder generally follows the principle of minimum resistance, the powder in the thickness direction of the plate green compact is easy to move due to small resistance, and the powder in the length direction and the width direction is difficult to move due to large resistance.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of a molybdenum plate compact weighing 6kg per unit weight
Preparing Mo-0.6La alloy powder with Fsss granularity of 2.5 μm, purity of 99.98% and bulk density of 1.12g/cm 3 ；
Through a conventional isostatic pressing forming experiment of a small-specification cube pressed blank, the ramming three-dimensional isostatic pressing forming shrinkage rate of the batch of Mo-0.6La alloy powder is about 12%, the depth of the square rubber sleeve 3 is calculated to be the sum of 1.5 times of the thickness of the molybdenum pressed blank and the thickness of the shaped rubber plug 4 according to the result, the thicknesses of the shaped rubber plug 4 and the sealing rubber plate 5 are both selected to be 5mm, the size of a rubber sleeve cavity is 180 x 47mm, an inner fillet is not processed in the thickness direction of the square rubber sleeve 3, and the fillet radius R at the transition part of the length and the width is 50mm, so that an accurate forming die is designed;
assembling a precise forming die, pouring 6kgMo-0.6La alloy powder into the square rubber sleeve 3 for 3 times, scraping each time by using a scraper, and flattening by using a shaping plate shown in figure 5; then, sequentially covering a shaping rubber plug 4, a sealing rubber plate 5 and an upper fixing plate 1, and locking and fixing the upper fixing plate 1 and a lower fixing plate 8 by using bolts 7; placing the closed precise forming die on a material vibrating platform 12 of a material vibrating platform shown in figure 6, and fixing the die by using a T-shaped groove 16 and a pressing plate 17; starting a power supply of the material vibrating table to enable the precise forming die to vibrate in the horizontal direction for 5 min;
taking down the precise forming die from the material vibrating table, hoisting the die in a cold isostatic press, adjusting the pressure of the isostatic press to be 180MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min, forming, opening the precise forming die, taking out the Mo-0.6La alloy plate pressed blank as shown in figure 9, wherein the size of the pressed blank is 180 multiplied by 28 mm;
placing Mo-0.6La plate pressed compact into an intermediate frequency furnace in hydrogen atmosphere, heating for 2-3h, 2.5-3.5h and 6h, sequentially increasing the temperature in the furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃, 1100 ℃ and 1500 ℃, then heating for 6h to 1740 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 6h to obtain a Mo-0.6La alloy sintered compact as shown in figure 10, wherein the size of the sintered compact is 160 multiplied by 25mm, and the density is 9.97g/cm 3 . The Mo-0.6La alloy sintered blank is subjected to multi-pass rolling at 1250 ℃ to obtain a rolled plate as shown in FIG. 11.
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of a molybdenum plate compact weighing 120kg per weight
Preparation of Mo-0.6Y 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 The alloy powder has Fsss particle size of 3.77 μm, purity of 99.95%, and bulk density of 1.02g/cm 3 ；
The batch of Mo-0.6Y is obtained by a conventional isostatic pressing forming experiment of small-specification cube green compacts 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 The compacting three-dimensional isostatic pressing forming shrinkage of the alloy powder is about 10.5%, the depth of the square rubber sleeve 3 is calculated according to the sum of the thickness of the molybdenum green compact 1.4 times and the planar thickness of the shaping rubber plug 4, the planar thickness of the shaping rubber plug 4 is 5mm, the edge thickness is 25mm, the fillet radius rho in the thickness direction is 20mm, the thickness of the sealing rubber plate 5 is 5mm, the size of the rubber sleeve cavity is 570 multiplied by 130mm, the fillet radius R in the thickness direction of the square rubber sleeve 3 is 20mm, and the fillet radius R at the transition part of the length and the width is 150mm, so that an accurate forming die is designed;
assembling a precision forming die, and mixing 120kgMo-0.6Y 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 Pouring the alloy powder into the square rubber sleeve 3 for 6 times, scraping each time, and flattening by using a shaping plate as shown in figure 5; then, a shaping rubber plug 4, a sealing rubber plate 5 and an upper fixing plate 1 are sequentially covered, and the fixing plate 1 and a lower fixing plate 8 are locked by bolts 7; placing the closed precision forming die on a vibration table as shown in figure 8The material platform 12 is fixed by a T-shaped groove 16 and a pressure plate 17; starting a power supply of the material vibrating table, vibrating the precise forming die in the horizontal direction for 10min, opening the precise forming die after the power supply is turned off, measuring distances between a plurality of parts on the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder 6 and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve 3, closing the die, and starting vibration for 20min again;
disassembling the whole set of precision forming die from the vibration table, lifting in a cold isostatic press, adjusting the pressure of the isostatic press to 250MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min, then opening the precision forming die, and taking out the Mo-0.6Y 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 Pressing the alloy plate into a compact with the size of 570 multiplied by 90 mm;
Mo-0.6Y 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 Carrying out 5-stage heating sintering on the alloy plate pressed compact in a hydrogen atmosphere intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the heating and heat preservation time of the alloy plate pressed compact at the temperature of room temperature to 800 ℃, 800-1200 ℃, 1200-1600 ℃, 1600-1750 ℃ and 1750-1950 ℃ is respectively 2h, 3.5h, 2h, 6h, 4h, 2.5h, 4h, 5.5h and 6h, and Mo-0.6Y is obtained 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 The size of the alloy sintered blank is 460X 75mm, and the density is 9.78g/cm 3 And has a uniform fine crystalline structure of 20-30 μm, as shown in FIG. 12. Mo-0.6Y 2 O 3 -0.15CeO 2 The alloy sintered blank is rolled for a plurality of times at 1350 ℃ to obtain a rolled plate as shown in figure 13.
As can be seen from fig. 9 to 13, the shapes of the molybdenum plate green compact and the sintered compact obtained by the method of the present invention are regular and the thicknesses are consistent, the molybdenum plate obtained by rolling the sintered compact has regular shape, no protruding sharp corner is seen at the intersection of the long and wide sides, and the intersection of the long and wide sides can be recessed as required, so that not only is the material utilization rate improved, but also the wide width of the rolling mill can be effectively utilized. Meanwhile, the molybdenum material plate pressed compact obtained by the method has the same microstructure with the conventional cold isostatic pressing pressed compact.
Claims (8)
1. A cold isostatic pressing accurate forming device for a molybdenum plate pressed compact is characterized by comprising an accurate forming die and a vibration material platform; the precise forming die and the material vibrating table can be fixed with each other through a pressing plate (17); the precise forming die comprises a square forming cylinder (2), a square rubber sleeve (3) is sleeved in the square forming cylinder (2), a flange (15) is fixed on the edge of an opening at the top of the square rubber sleeve (3), a forming rubber plug (4) is matched with the opening of the square rubber sleeve (3), a sealing rubber plate (5) covers the top of the forming rubber plug (4), an upper fixing plate (1) covers the top of the sealing rubber plate (5), a lower fixing plate (8) covers the bottom of the square rubber sleeve (3), and the upper fixing plate (1) and the lower fixing plate (8) can be fixed with each other through bolts (7);
the material shaking table comprises fixed ground feet (9), a lower supporting plate (10) is fixed to the tops of the fixed ground feet (9), the lower supporting plate (10) is connected with a material shaking platform (12) through a spring mechanism (11), a vibrating motor (14) is fixed to the bottom of the material shaking platform (12), and a material shaking rotor (13) is embedded in the top plane of the material shaking platform (12).
2. A cold isostatic pressing precision forming device for molybdenum plate green compacts according to claim 1, wherein said upper fixing plate (1) and lower fixing plate (8) are provided with through holes in the thickness direction, and the inner walls thereof are provided with crossing grooves uniformly, and the intersecting lines of the through holes and the crossing grooves are ground and blunted.
3. A molybdenum plate blank cold isostatic pressing precision forming device according to claim 1, wherein said square shaped cylinder (2) is a steel cylinder, said square shaped cylinder (2) has a thickness in the range of 10mm to 50mm, and the hardness of said square shaped cylinder (2) is not less than HRC 35.
4. The molybdenum plate blank cold isostatic pressing precision forming device according to claim 1, wherein the width of the flange (8) of the square rubber sleeve (3) is not less than the thickness of the sizing cylinder, the fillet radius R at the transition of the length and the width of the square rubber sleeve (3) is 1/4-1/3 of the width, and the fillet radius R of the square rubber sleeve is the same as the fillet radius ρ of the sizing rubber plug.
5. A cold isostatic pressing device for molybdenum plate green compacts as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vibrating rotor (13) is a ball or a "mushroom" shaped column, the ball is inserted into the ball groove of the upper end of the vibrating platform (12) with a clearance and forms a sliding fit with the ball, the center of the ball is 0.2-0.5 mm lower than the upper end of the vibrating platform (12), and the "mushroom" shaped column is connected to the upper end of the vibrating platform through a bearing.
6. A molybdenum plate blank cold isostatic pressing precision forming device according to claim 1, wherein said vibrating platform (12) is provided with T-shaped grooves (16), and said pressing plate (17) can fix the precision forming die on the vibrating platform (12) through the T-shaped grooves (16).
7. A cold isostatic pressing precision forming method for a molybdenum plate green compact is characterized in that a cold isostatic pressing precision forming device for the molybdenum plate green compact according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted for carrying out press forming, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing a square sizing cylinder (2) on the end face, with a groove, of a lower fixing plate (8), placing a square rubber sleeve (3) into the square sizing cylinder (2), pouring molybdenum powder (6) into a cavity of the square rubber sleeve (3), leveling, and then flattening;
step 2, covering a shaping rubber plug (4), a sealing rubber plate (5) and an upper fixing plate (1) on the molybdenum powder (6), and locking and fixing the upper fixing plate (1) and a lower fixing plate (8) by using bolts (7);
step 3, placing the precise forming die on a material vibrating platform (12) of a material vibrating table, and fixing the precise forming die by a pressing plate (17);
step 4, starting a vibration motor (14) to enable the precise forming die to vibrate in the horizontal direction for 5-30 min;
and 5, disassembling the whole set of accurate forming mold from the material vibrating table, hoisting the mold in a cold isostatic press, adjusting the pressure of the isostatic press to be 150-250MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5-10min, then opening the accurate forming mold, and taking out the molybdenum material plate pressed blank.
8. A molybdenum material plate blank cold isostatic pressing precision forming method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said step 4 opens the precision forming die after the power is turned off during the vibration, measures the distance between the multiple parts of the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder (6) and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve (3), then the die is closed, and the vibration is turned on again until the distance between the upper end surface of the molybdenum powder (6) and the upper edge of the square rubber sleeve (3) is equal.
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