CN115105935A - Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for blast furnace hot blast stove - Google Patents

Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for blast furnace hot blast stove Download PDF

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CN115105935A
CN115105935A CN202210828061.1A CN202210828061A CN115105935A CN 115105935 A CN115105935 A CN 115105935A CN 202210828061 A CN202210828061 A CN 202210828061A CN 115105935 A CN115105935 A CN 115105935A
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desulfurization
flue gas
denitrification
blast stove
hot blast
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朱繁
王建华
蔡长青
李春晓
邱明英
崔岩
李加旺
史光
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Capital Engineering & Research Inc Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for a blast furnace hot blast stove, wherein the system comprises a hot blast stove, an inlet NOx content detection device, a hot blast stove preheater, a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a denitration reducing agent injection device and a desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device; the flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater through an original flue gas channel sequentially through an inlet NOx content detection device and an original flue gas channel stop valve; the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device is used for spraying the desulfurizer into the original flue; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas preheating device is also communicated with a flue gas inlet of the desulfurization and denitrification dust removal device through an inlet flue and an inlet flue stop valve, and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas preheating device is communicated with an inlet of a hot blast stove preheater through an outlet flue and an outlet flue stop valve; the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device is communicated with a desulfurizer spraying inlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through a pipeline; and the denitration reducing agent injection device is used for injecting a denitration reducing agent into the desulfurization and denitration dust removal device.

Description

Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for blast furnace hot blast stove
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for a blast furnace hot blast stove, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment.
Background
The steel enterprises have many working procedures, the smoke emission components are complex, and the pollutant emission treatment methods suitable for different working procedures are different; practitioners in the industry also continuously develop and innovate the optimal flue gas treatment method suitable for the characteristics of each process, and the technical route is frequently changed, so as to achieve the purposes of effective treatment and economic and energy-saving. The blast furnace hot blast stove serves blast heating of the blast furnace, the number is large, meanwhile, flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove has new characteristics, and new treatment schemes and emission reduction methods need to be researched.
The smoke discharge of each blast furnace hot blast stove is generally 15-40 ten thousand Nm 3 H, SO in flue gas 2 And NOx concentration generally does not exceed 200mg/Nm 3 However, because of the large number of blast furnaces, the total amount of emissions cannot be ignored.At present, a part of hot blast furnaces are additionally provided with flue gas desulfurization and denitration treatment devices, the adopted desulfurization process mainly adopts fixed bed desulfurization and SDS desulfurization, and the denitration method mainly adopts medium-temperature SCR denitration and a fixed bed. Wherein, the fixed bed desulfurization and denitrification technology is adopted, no wastewater is generated, but the denitrification efficiency of the method is not high, and a large amount of denitrification agent is required to be added to achieve the ultralow emission of NOx, so that the investment cost is increased linearly; the SDS desulfurization method has good removal efficiency only by ensuring the temperature of the flue gas to be above 140 ℃. In addition, because the medium-low temperature SCR denitration technology is limited by a temperature window, the temperature of the flue gas needs to be raised to more than 200-280 ℃, and a heating device and a large-scale heat exchanger need to be additionally arranged for the system, so that the overall investment is increased and the energy consumption of the system operation is increased.
Prior art related to the present invention:
the technical scheme of the prior art I is as follows:
chinese patent CN211936312U discloses a flue gas desulfurization and denitration system of a blast furnace hot blast stove, which adopts dry desulfurization to remove SO 2 Simultaneously, adopt low temperature SCR denitration catalyst to come the NOx among the catalytic desorption flue gas, desulfurizing tower and sack cleaner are arranged at denitration reactor upper reaches, and the side wall mounting hot-blast stove subassembly of denitration reactor main frame can carry out the temperature control of certain degree to the flue gas, makes it satisfy better catalytic effect, if the exhaust gas temperature is less than the best catalytic temperature of catalyst, spouts high temperature flue gas through hot-blast distributing pipe and promotes the exhaust gas temperature.
The first prior art has the following defects:
in the technology, the tail part of the hot blast stove system is desulfurized by adopting a dry process, and the adverse effect of the low-temperature working condition characteristic of the flue gas of the hot blast stove on the desulfurization efficiency is not considered; the denitration adopts low-temperature SCR denitration, and a hot blast stove assembly is still required to be arranged to improve the temperature of the flue gas, so that a large amount of external heat sources are required to be consumed, and the operation cost is increased.
The second prior art related to the present invention:
the technical scheme of the prior art II is as follows:
chinese patent CN215233228U discloses an automatic flue gas desulfurization device for hot-blast stove, which is used to solve the problems of waste or over-standard sulfur dioxide discharge caused by unreasonable desulfurizer input amount in the flue gas desulfurization process of hot-blast stove.
The second prior art has the following defects:
the technology only researches a scheme for automatically adjusting the input amount of the desulfurizer, and although the novel desulfurizer is adopted for desulfurization, the desulfurization effect is not determined, and a technical scheme aiming at the characteristics of the flue gas of the hot blast stove is not provided.
Therefore, it has become an urgent technical problem in the art to provide a novel high-efficiency, stable and low-energy-consumption flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for a blast furnace hot blast stove.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above disadvantages and shortcomings, an object of the present invention is to provide a flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove.
The invention also aims to provide a desulfurization and denitrification method for the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, wherein the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove comprises: the device comprises a hot blast stove, an inlet NOx content detection device, a hot blast stove preheater, a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a denitration reducing agent injection device and a desulfurization and denitration dust removal device;
wherein, the smoke outlet of the hot blast stove is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater through an original smoke channel sequentially via an inlet NOx content detection device and an original smoke channel cut-off valve; the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device is used for spraying a desulfurizer into the original flue;
the flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove is also communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through an inlet flue and an inlet flue stop valve, and the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater through an outlet flue and an outlet flue stop valve;
the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device is communicated with a desulfurizer spraying inlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through a pipeline so as to spray a desulfurizer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device;
and the denitration reducing agent injection device is used for injecting a denitration reducing agent into the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the system further comprises an interlocking control device, wherein the interlocking control device is electrically connected with the inlet NOx content detection device, the original flue cut-off valve, the inlet flue cut-off valve, the outlet flue cut-off valve, the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, and the denitration reducing agent injection device, respectively.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurizer spray inlet is located above the flue gas inlet, and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device, and the number of the desulfurizer spray inlets is 4-6.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurizer spray inlets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device on the same plane.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is further provided with a dynamic disturbance element and a static disturbance element, wherein the dynamic disturbance element is arranged above the desulfurizer injection port and is inserted into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device in a manner of forming an angle of 10-30 degrees with the injection plane of the desulfurizer/the plane where the desulfurizer injection port is located;
the static disturbance element is arranged in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device and is positioned above the dynamic disturbance element.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the dynamic disturbance element is disposed above the desulfurizer injection port, and the distance between the dynamic disturbance element and the desulfurizer injection port is 0.5 m;
the static disturbance element is positioned above the dynamic disturbance element, and the distance between the static disturbance element and the desulfurizer spraying opening is 1.0-1.5 m.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the static disturbance element is fixedly disposed in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the dynamic disturbance element is an automatic stirrer.
As a specific embodiment of the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the static disturbance element comprises a plurality of parallel steel folded plates, the plate length of each steel folded plate depends on the size of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, the width of each steel folded plate is 30-100mm, the distance between every two adjacent steel folded plates is 150-200mm, and the downward folding angle of each steel folded plate is 10-30 °.
In the invention, the downward folding positions of each steel folding plate in the plurality of parallel steel folding plates can be the same or different, and the steel folding plates can be adjusted in a proper range according to the actual working condition and flow field conditions.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, a filter unit is further disposed in the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device, and is disposed between the flue gas outlet and the static disturbance element, and the filter unit contains a denitration catalyst.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the filter unit includes a ceramic fiber filter tube, a filter bag or a filter cartridge.
The ceramic fiber filter tube, the filter bag or the filter cartridge used in the invention are conventional devices, and the ceramic fiber filter tube, the filter bag or the filter cartridge and the like can be prepared by firstly dipping and coating the denitration catalyst on the fibers and then taking the obtained fibers as a raw material according to the forming process disclosed in the Chinese patent CN 113603502A.
In the invention, the denitration catalyst is a conventional denitration catalyst used in the field, and can be reasonably selected according to the actual field operation condition as long as the denitration purpose of the application can be achieved.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the system further comprises a chimney, and an outlet of the hot blast stove preheater is communicated with an inlet of the chimney through a booster fan by a pipeline.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the system further comprises a denitration reducing agent production and storage device for providing a denitration reducing agent.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is further provided with an atomized water injection port, which is located above the desulfurizer injection port, and the distance between the atomized water injection port and the desulfurizer injection port is greater than or equal to >0.8 m.
The shape and the like of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device are not specifically required, and can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual working condition on site. As in some embodiments of the invention, the cross section of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device can be circular or square.
As a specific embodiment of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device comprises a plurality of (not less than 2) chambers arranged in parallel.
The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system of the blast furnace hot blast stove can be connected between the existing blast furnace hot blast stove and the hot blast stove preheater in a plug-in mode so as to realize the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and particulate matters in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, can be highly fused with the main system of the existing blast furnace hot blast stove, and is an ultra-low emission treatment system suitable for the process characteristics of the blast furnace hot blast stove of a steel plant; compared with the tail treatment technology of firstly exchanging heat for the flue gas and then desulfurizing and denitrating in the prior art, the invention has the advantages of less system equipment, short flow and less fault points, thereby reducing the fault rate of the system and saving the investment cost; the flue gas temperature is high, can guarantee that the minimum of SOx/NOx control efficiency can not be too low for the system operation is more stable.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method for the blast furnace hot blast stove, wherein the method is realized by using the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for the blast furnace hot blast stove, and comprises the following steps:
detecting the content of NOx in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove by using an inlet NOx content detection device, opening an original flue cut-off valve and closing an inlet flue cut-off valve and an outlet flue cut-off valve when the content of NOx is lower than a set value, spraying a desulfurizer into the original flue through a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, and completing desulfurization treatment on the flue gas in the original flue;
when the content of NOx is not lower than a set value, opening an inlet flue cut-off valve and an outlet flue cut-off valve and closing an original flue cut-off valve, so that the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove enters the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through an inlet flue, and simultaneously spraying a desulfurizer and a denitrification reducer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device and a denitrification reducer spraying device respectively, so that the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is subjected to desulfurization, dust removal and denitrification treatment in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device.
In the invention, the set value of the NOx content can be reasonably determined according to the actual working condition on site. As in some embodiments of the invention, the set point for NOx content is 150mg/Nm 3 。
As a specific implementation manner of the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, the temperature of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is 260-450 ℃.
In the invention, the temperature of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is not reduced by a preheater before entering the original flue or the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, the temperature is about 260-450 ℃, the high-activity temperature condition (the temperature is more than or equal to 140 ℃ for sodium bicarbonate and more than or equal to 250 ℃ for slaked lime) required by the dry desulfurizer can be ensured both in the original flue and in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, and the flue gas is fully contacted with the injected dry desulfurizer under the high-activity temperature condition to generate chemical reaction, SO that SO in the flue gas is realized 2 And (4) removing. Because the flue gas temperature is high, the activity of the dry desulfurizing agent is high, SO that the SO is ensured 2 The removal efficiency of (A) is more than 98%.
As a specific implementation mode of the method for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, the temperature for denitrification is 250-440 ℃.
As a specific embodiment of the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurizing agent comprises sodium bicarbonate or lime; the denitration reducing agent comprises ammonia gas or carbon monoxide.
As a specific embodiment of the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurizing agent is baking soda dry powder with a particle size of 600 meshes or more.
As a specific embodiment of the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, the desulfurizing agent is slaked lime powder with a purity of not less than 90%.
As a specific embodiment of the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, when the SO in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is used 2 The content/concentration exceeds 300mg/Nm 3 And then spraying atomized water into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device after spraying the desulfurizer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device so as to improve the desulfurization efficiency of the flue gas.
In the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, only the flue gas needs to be desulfurized when the content of NOx is lower than a set value, and the original flue cut-off valve, the inlet flue cut-off valve, the outlet flue cut-off valve and the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device are controlled to be opened or closed by the interlocking control device in the desulfurization process.
In the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, when the NOx content is not lower than a set value, the flue gas needs to be desulfurized and denitrated, wherein the desulfurizing agent is powered by the second desulfurizing agent conveying and switching device and is sprayed into a desulfurizing agent spraying port on the surface of the desulfurizing, denitrating and dedusting device through a desulfurizing agent spraying port on the surface of the desulfurizing, denitrating and dedusting deviceThe device is characterized in that under the full stirring of the dynamic disturbance element, the dry desulfurizer powder is fully contacted with the flue gas, the gas-solid contact is more uniform through the disturbance effect of the static disturbance element along with the upward movement of the flue gas, and the SO in the flue gas is realized in the process 2 Removing;
the flue gas after desulfurization continues upwards and sprays into the denitration reductant homogeneous mixing among the SOx/NOx control dust collector, then continues to pass through the filter unit, through the in-process of filter unit, the flue gas after desulfurization mainly experiences two purification processes: firstly, when flue gas carrying particulate matters passes through the filtering unit, the particulate matters are intercepted on the surface of the filtering unit, a powder cake layer (containing partial desulfurizer) is formed on the outer surface of the filtering unit, and then the powder cake layer can simultaneously enhance the desulfurization and dust removal effects of the flue gas, so that the desulfurization reaction time is prolonged, and the dust is filtered by dust; secondly, the denitration reducing agent reacts with the original NOx in the flue gas under the catalytic action of the denitration catalyst contained in the filtering unit, and the reaction is carried out under the medium-high temperature condition (250-440 ℃), and the SCR denitration efficiency and the denitration catalyst activity are improved along with the improvement of the reaction temperature and are not easily subjected to SO at high temperature 2 The method has the advantages that poisoning and inactivation are caused by the influence of the high temperature and the low temperature, compared with a low temperature denitration method, the medium and high temperature denitration efficiency is high, and the stable operation risk is greatly reduced, so that more than 90% of NOx is removed after the denitration reaction is finished;
in addition, in the invention, the denitration catalyst with catalytic action is uniformly distributed in the internal fibers in the filtering unit, the contact area with the flue gas is large, the residence time of the flue gas can be increased to about 1s, and the contact time is increased by 2-4 times compared with the contact time (about 0.2-0.3 s) in the traditional SCR;
the hot flue gas after accomplishing desulfurization dust removal denitration sends into former hot-blast stove preheater through the export flue, carries out the heat transfer with coal gas or air etc. and the clean flue gas after the cooling of former hot-blast stove preheater is sent into former hot-blast stove through booster fan and is discharged chimney and carry out discharge to reach standard, and entire system resistance is overcome by installing in terminal booster fan.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects which can be achieved by the invention comprise:
the system and the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove can simultaneously realize SO in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove 2 Ultra-clean removal of NOx and SO in treated flue gas 2 Concentration of<20mg/Nm 3 Concentration of NOx<30mg/Nm 3 ；
The flue gas desulfurization and denitration system and the flue gas desulfurization and denitration method of the blast furnace hot blast stove can fully utilize the self waste heat of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, and compared with the post SCR denitration technology in the conventional post desulfurization and denitration technology, the system does not need heat compensation and temperature rise, has small system resistance loss, and can reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of the flue gas desulfurization and denitration; meanwhile, the equipment of a heating furnace, a GGH heat exchanger and other systems is not required to be configured, and the fault points are greatly reduced, so that the influence of the fault points on the main process can be greatly reduced;
the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for the blast furnace hot blast stove adopt a scheme of synergistic treatment of sulfur, nitrate and dust removal, and save land occupation and investment;
the filtering unit used in the system and the method for desulfurization and denitrification of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove provided by the invention adopts hard filtering materials, namely ceramic fiber filtering pipes, filtering bags or filtering drums, so that the major problems that the service life of a cloth bag adopted in the prior art is short and the stable operation of the system is influenced are effectively solved; in addition, the pore channel in the filtering unit is bent and long, so that the contact time of the catalyst and the flue gas can be prolonged, and the denitration efficiency can reach more than 90%;
the system and the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove can also start and stop the denitrating function of the system in real time according to the real-time monitoring data of the content of NOx in the flue gas, and realize deep energy conservation on the premise of up to standard emission;
in conclusion, the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for the blast furnace hot blast stove can fully utilize the self heat of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, and do not need an external heat source and heating and heat exchange equipment; meanwhile, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is arranged in front of the hot blast heater, and a high-temperature desulfurization, dedusting and denitration process is adopted, so that the desulfurization efficiency is improved, the requirements on medium and high-temperature denitrification temperature are met, and the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device belongs to a desulfurization and denitrification technology with low energy consumption, low investment and high stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system of a blast furnace hot blast stove provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a static perturbation element used in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The main reference numbers illustrate:
1. a hot blast stove;
2. inlet NOx content detection means;
3. a hot blast heater;
4. a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device;
5. a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device;
6. a desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device;
61. a flue gas inlet;
62. a flue gas outlet;
63. a desulfurizer spraying port;
64. a dynamic perturbation element;
65. a static perturbation element;
650. folding steel plates;
66. a filtration unit;
7. a denitration reducing agent injection device;
8. a chimney;
9. an interlock control device;
10. an original flue;
11. a raw flue cut-off valve;
12. an inlet flue;
13. an inlet flue cut-off valve;
14. an outlet flue;
15. an outlet flue cut-off valve;
16. a desulfurizer storage tank;
17. a booster fan.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the term "comprises/comprising" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "middle", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
The "ranges" disclosed herein are given as lower and upper limits. There may be one or more lower limits, and one or more upper limits, respectively. The given range is defined by the selection of a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower and upper limits define the boundaries of the particular range. All ranges defined in this manner are combinable, i.e., any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for particular parameters, with the understanding that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also contemplated. Further, if the minimum range values listed are 1 and 2 and the maximum range values listed are 3, 4, and 5, then the following ranges are all contemplated: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5.
In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, a numerical range of "0 to 5" indicates that all real numbers between "0 to 5" have been listed throughout this disclosure, and "0 to 5" is only a shorthand representation of the combination of these numbers.
In the present invention, all the embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned in the present invention may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, all the technical features mentioned in the present invention and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for a blast furnace hot blast stove, a schematic structural diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system for the blast furnace hot blast stove includes:
the device comprises a hot blast stove 1, an inlet NOx content detection device 2, a hot blast stove preheater 3, a desulfurizer storage tank 16, a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device 4, a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device 5, a desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6, a denitrification reducing agent injection device 7, a chimney 8 and an interlocking control device 9; the cross section of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 can be round or square, and comprises two bins which are arranged in parallel;
wherein, the flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove 1 is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater 3 through an original flue 10 sequentially via an inlet NOx content detection device 2 and an original flue cut-off valve 11; the desulfurizer storage tank 16 is communicated with the original flue 10 through a pipeline by the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device 4, so that a desulfurizer is sprayed into the original flue 10 by the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device 4;
the flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove 1 is also communicated with a flue gas inlet 61 of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 through an inlet flue 12 and an inlet flue stop valve 13, the flue gas outlet 62 of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater 3 through an outlet flue 14 and an outlet flue stop valve 15, and the outlet of the hot blast stove preheater 3 is communicated with the chimney 8 through a pipeline and a booster fan 17;
the desulfurizer storage tank 16 is also communicated with a desulfurizer spraying inlet 63 of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 through a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device 5 by a pipeline, so that a desulfurizer is sprayed into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 through the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device 5;
the denitration reducing agent injection device 7 is used for injecting a denitration reducing agent into the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device 6;
the interlocking control device 9 is electrically connected with the inlet NOx content detection device 2, the original flue cut-off valve 11, the inlet flue cut-off valve 13, the outlet flue cut-off valve 15, the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device 4, the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device 5 and the denitration reducing agent injection device 7 respectively;
the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 is further provided with a dynamic disturbance element 64, a static disturbance element 65 and a filter unit 66, wherein the dynamic disturbance element 64 is arranged above the desulfurizer spraying port 63, is 0.5m away from the desulfurizer spraying port 63, and is inserted into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6 in a manner of forming an angle of 20 degrees with a desulfurizer spraying plane/a plane where the desulfurizer spraying port is located;
the static disturbance element 65 is fixedly arranged in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 6, is positioned above the dynamic disturbance element 64, and has a distance of 1.2m from the desulfurizer spraying port 63;
the dynamic perturbation element 64 is an automatic stirrer;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the static disturbance element 65 and the layout relationship thereof in the SOx/NOx control dust removal device 6 when the cross-sectional shape of the SOx/NOx control dust removal device 6 is circular and square, respectively, and as can be seen from FIG. 2, the static disturbance element comprises a plurality of parallel steel folded plates 650, the length of each steel folded plate 650 is 3.8m, the width of each steel folded plate is 80mm, the distance between adjacent steel folded plates is 150mm, the angle of each steel folded plate 650 in the downward direction is 20 degrees, and the downward direction positions of each steel folded plate are the same;
the filter unit 66 is arranged between the flue gas outlet 62 and the static disturbance element 65, and the filter unit 65 contains a denitration catalyst, wherein the filter unit 66 is a ceramic fiber filter tube, and the ceramic fiber filter tube is prepared by firstly dipping and coating the denitration catalyst on fibers, and then taking the obtained fibers as a raw material according to a forming process disclosed in Chinese patent CN 113603502A;
the desulfurizer spraying port 63 is located above the flue gas inlet 61, and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 7, and the number of the desulfurizer spraying port is 6.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove, which is implemented by using the system for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove provided in embodiment 1, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) method for detecting blast furnace hot blast stove flue gas (SO) by using inlet NOx content detection device 2 The concentration is 200mg/Nm 3 And the temperature is 450 ℃), and the detected NOx content is 150mg/Nm 3 And a set value (150 mg/Nm) 3 ) Similarly, an inlet flue cut-off valve and an outlet flue cut-off valve are opened through an interlocking control device, the original flue cut-off valve is closed, and meanwhile, the booster fan is slowly started;
(2) the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove enters the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the inlet flue and the flue gas inlet, meanwhile, the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device is started through the interlocking control device, the desulfurizer (sodium bicarbonate) is powered by the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, the desulfurizer is sprayed into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the desulfurizer spraying inlet on the surface of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, dry powder of the desulfurizer fully contacts and reacts with the flue gas under the full stirring of the dynamic disturbance element, the gas-solid contact is more uniform along with the upward movement of the flue gas through the disturbance effect of the static disturbance element, and the SO in the flue gas is realized in the above process 2 Removing SO in the flue gas after the reaction is finished 2 More than 98% is removed and the outlet concentration is less than 20mg/Nm 3 ；
(3) Start denitration reductant injection apparatus through interlock control device to spout denitration reductant (ammonia or carbon monoxide) through denitration reductant injection apparatus to in the SOx/NOx control dust collector, flue gas after the desulfurization continues upward movement and spouts the denitration reductant homogeneous mixing in the SOx/NOx control dust collector, then continues through ceramic fiber filter tube, through the in-process of ceramic fiber filter tube, flue gas after the desulfurization mainly experiences two purification processes: firstly, when flue gas carrying particulate matters passes through the ceramic fiber filter tube, the particulate matters are intercepted on the surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and a powder cake layer (containing partial desulfurizer) is formed on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube, so that the desulfurization and dust removal effects of the flue gas can be enhanced at the same time, and the effects of prolonging the desulfurization reaction time and filtering dust with dust are realized; secondly, the denitration catalyst contained in the ceramic fiber filter tube (for example, Chinese patent CN 1)08435237A, low and medium temperature NH 3 SCR catalyst or commercial denitration catalyst with high activity at the temperature of 250-440 ℃), the denitration reducing agent reacts with the original NOx in the flue gas, the reaction is carried out under the medium-high temperature condition (the temperature of 250-440 ℃), more than 90 percent of NOx is removed after the denitration reaction is finished, and the concentration of the NOx at an outlet is higher than that of the NOx<30mg/Nm 3 The concentration of the particulate matters in the smoke is reduced to 5-10mg/Nm 3 The desulfurization, dust removal and denitration treatment are completed;
(4) the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization, dust removal and denitration is controlled to be 5-20 ℃, the flue gas is sent to a preheater of the hot blast stove through an outlet flue to exchange heat with coal gas or air and the like, and the flue gas after heat exchange is pressurized by a booster fan to about 3000-4000Pa and then is sent to a chimney of the original hot blast stove to be discharged up to the standard.
Example 3
The present embodiment utilizes the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system of the blast furnace hot blast stove provided in embodiment 1 to perform desulfurization and denitration on flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove in a certain plant area, including: firstly, connecting equipment such as a desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device and the like between a hot blast stove and a hot blast stove preheater of a blast furnace in a certain plant area according to the connection relation shown in figure 1, and performing desulfurization and denitrification according to the operation steps in the embodiment 2;
wherein the discharge flue gas amount of a blast furnace hot blast stove in a certain factory area is 350000Nm 3 H, the flue gas temperature is 300 ℃, and an inlet SO of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device 2 The concentration is 150mg/Nm 3 After the system provided by the embodiment 1 is used for desulfurization, the temperature of the flue gas before and after the desulfurization section in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is not obviously changed, and the outlet SO 2 Concentration of<20mg/Nm 3 ；
The smoke temperature of the smoke before dedusting and denitration is about 300 ℃, extra external heat energy is not needed in the denitration treatment process, and the particle concentration in the smoke after denitration<5mg/Nm 3 Concentration of NOx<30mg/Nm 3 (ii) a Compared with the conventional post-positioned desulfurization and denitration technology which adopts the post-positioned medium-high temperature SCR with the temperature condition of 150-280 ℃, the embodiment of the invention does not need to increase the investment of a flue gas heating furnace and a gas-gas heat exchanger, and can save about 7 ten thousand yuan of investment cost for each cubic flue gas;
the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization, dust removal and denitration treatment by the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device is reduced by about 10 ℃, the temperature is about 290 ℃, and the treated flue gas is returned to a hot blast stove preheater through an outlet flue. Compared with the SCR denitration technology with the post-positioned preheater in the conventional post-positioned desulfurization and denitration technology, the denitration is completed before the heat exchange of the flue gas, so that the consumption of blast furnace gas can be saved by about 5000Nm 3 H (blast furnace gas calorific value is 750Kcal/Nm 3 ) The energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the overall economic benefit of the system is improved;
flue gas at the outlet of a preheater of the hot blast stove is led to a chimney through a booster fan to be discharged, the full pressure of the booster fan is 3500Pa, and because a flue gas heating device and a denitration front-back heat exchange device are not required to be configured in a flue gas desulfurization and denitration system of the hot blast stove of the blast furnace, the resistance loss of the device is reduced, so that the pressure drop of the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system is obviously lower than that of the conventional post-positioned desulfurization and denitration technology (6500 and 8000Pa), and the power consumption of the system can be reduced;
the conventional post-positioned desulfurization and denitrification technical process is that after heat exchange of a heat exchanger (a main machine part), flue gas is heated (according to the desulfurization condition requirement), heat exchange GGH is performed before desulfurization and denitrification, and after heating, denitrification and denitrification, heat exchange GGH is performed, and then the flue gas is discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the system and the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove can simultaneously realize SO in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove 2 Ultra-clean removal of NOx and SO in treated flue gas 2 Concentration of<20mg/Nm 3 Concentration of NOx<30mg/Nm 3 ；
The flue gas desulfurization and denitration system and the flue gas desulfurization and denitration method for the blast furnace hot blast stove can fully utilize the self waste heat of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, and compared with the post SCR denitration technology in the conventional post desulfurization and denitration technology, the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system does not need heat supplementing and temperature rising, has small resistance loss and can reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of the flue gas desulfurization and denitration; meanwhile, the equipment of a heating furnace, a GGH heat exchanger and other systems is not required to be configured, and the fault points are greatly reduced, so that the influence of the fault points on the main process can be greatly reduced;
the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for the blast furnace hot blast stove provided by the embodiment of the invention adopt a scheme of synergistic treatment of sulfur, nitrate and dust removal, thereby saving land occupation and investment;
the filtering unit used in the system and the method for desulfurizing and denitrating the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts hard filtering materials, namely ceramic fiber filtering pipes, filtering bags or filtering cylinders, thereby effectively solving the major problems that the service life of the cloth bag adopted in the prior art is short and the stable operation of the system is influenced; in addition, the pores in the filtering unit are curved and long, so that the contact time of the catalyst and the flue gas can be prolonged, and the denitration efficiency can reach more than 90%;
the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system and method for the blast furnace hot blast stove provided by the embodiment of the invention can also start and stop the denitration function of the system in real time according to the real-time monitoring data of the content of NOx in the flue gas, and realize deep energy conservation on the premise of up to standard emission;
in summary, the flue gas desulfurization and denitration system and method for the blast furnace hot blast stove provided by the embodiment of the invention can fully utilize the self heat of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove, and do not need an external heat source and heating and heat exchange equipment; meanwhile, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is arranged in front of the hot blast heater, and a high-temperature desulfurization, dedusting and denitration process is adopted, so that the desulfurization efficiency is improved, the requirements on medium and high-temperature denitrification temperature are met, and the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device belongs to a desulfurization and denitrification technology with low energy consumption, low investment and high stability.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical inventions of the present invention, the technical features and the technical inventions, and the technical inventions can be freely combined and used.

Claims (13)

1. The utility model provides a blast furnace hot-blast stove flue gas desulfurization denitration system which characterized in that, blast furnace hot-blast stove flue gas desulfurization denitration's system includes: the device comprises a hot blast stove, an inlet NOx content detection device, a hot blast stove preheater, a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, a denitration reducing agent injection device and a desulfurization and denitration dust removal device;
wherein, the smoke outlet of the hot blast stove is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater through an original smoke channel sequentially via an inlet NOx content detection device and an original smoke channel cut-off valve; the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device is used for spraying a desulfurizer into the original flue;
the flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove is also communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through an inlet flue and an inlet flue stop valve, and the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is communicated with the inlet of the hot blast stove preheater through an outlet flue and an outlet flue stop valve;
the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device is communicated with a desulfurizer spraying inlet of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through a pipeline so as to spray a desulfurizer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device;
and the denitration reducing agent injection device is used for injecting a denitration reducing agent into the desulfurization, denitration and dust removal device.
2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising an interlock control device electrically connected to the inlet NOx content detection device, the raw flue cut-off valve, the inlet flue cut-off valve, the outlet flue cut-off valve, the first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device, and the denitration reductant injection device, respectively.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the desulfurizer inlet is located above the flue gas inlet and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, and the number of the desulfurizer inlets is 4-6.
4. The blast furnace hot blast stove flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device is further provided with a dynamic disturbance element and a static disturbance element, wherein the dynamic disturbance element is arranged above the desulfurizer injection port and is inserted into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device in a manner of forming an angle of 10-30 degrees with the desulfurizer injection plane;
the static disturbance element is arranged in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device and is positioned above the dynamic disturbance element.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the dynamic disturbance element is an automatic stirrer.
6. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for the blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 4, wherein the static disturbance element comprises a plurality of parallel steel folding plates, the width of each steel folding plate is 30-100mm, the distance between every two adjacent steel folding plates is 150-200mm, and the downward folding angle of each steel folding plate is 10-30 degrees.
7. The system of any one of claims 1 and 4 to 6, wherein a filter unit is further disposed in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device, and is disposed between the flue gas outlet and the static disturbance element, and the filter unit contains a denitrification catalyst.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the filter unit comprises a ceramic fiber filter tube, a filter bag or a filter cartridge.
9. A flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method for a blast furnace hot blast stove is characterized in that the method is realized by using the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system for the blast furnace hot blast stove of any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
detecting the content of NOx in the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove by using an inlet NOx content detection device, opening an original flue cut-off valve and closing an inlet flue cut-off valve and an outlet flue cut-off valve when the content of NOx is lower than a set value, spraying a desulfurizer into the original flue through a first desulfurizer conveying and switching device, and completing desulfurization treatment on the flue gas in the original flue;
when the content of NOx is not lower than a set value, opening an inlet flue cut-off valve and an outlet flue cut-off valve and closing an original flue cut-off valve, so that the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove enters the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through an inlet flue, and simultaneously spraying a desulfurizer and a denitrification reducer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through a second desulfurizer conveying and switching device and a denitrification reducer spraying device respectively, so that the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is subjected to desulfurization, dust removal and denitrification treatment in the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device.
10. The method for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the flue gas of the blast furnace hot blast stove is 260-450 ℃.
11. The method for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas from a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the denitrification temperature is 250-440 ℃.
12. The method for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the desulfurizing agent comprises baking soda or lime; the denitration reducing agent comprises ammonia gas or carbon monoxide.
13. The method for desulfurizing and denitrating flue gas of blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 9 or 10, wherein SO in flue gas of blast furnace hot blast stove is present 2 The content/concentration exceeds 300mg/Nm 3 And then spraying atomized water into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device after spraying the desulfurizer into the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device through the second desulfurizer conveying and switching device.
CN202210828061.1A 2022-07-13 2022-07-13 Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification system and method for blast furnace hot blast stove Pending CN115105935A (en)

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