CN115104411B

CN115104411B - Seedling transplanting machine

Info

Publication number: CN115104411B
Application number: CN202210246066.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢守勇; 王鹏; 刘凡一; 黎展鹏; 邓成志; 王善文
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2022-03-14
Filing date: 2022-03-14
Publication date: 2023-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-14
Also published as: CN115104411A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seedling transplanting machine. The invention discloses a seedling transplanting machine, which comprises a seedling clamping device, wherein a plug conveying device is arranged at the lower side of the seedling clamping device, a seedling dividing device is arranged between the plug conveying device and the seedling clamping device, a duckbill seedling placing device is arranged at the lower side of the seedling dividing device, a receiving device is arranged below the duckbill seedling placing device, a soil conveying device is arranged above one side of the receiving device, and a concentrated loading device is arranged below the receiving device. The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a seedling transplanting machine which does not need manual seedling feeding and has no intermittent stop.

Description

Seedling transplanting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seedling transplanting machine.

Background

The plug seedling is a new seedling raising technology which is raised in the 70 th century of the European and American countries, is a planting method for protecting root systems, and soil in the plug is configured according to needs, so that nutrition is more abundant, seedlings are facilitated to grow, seedlings are mutually separated, root system winding is avoided, and seedlings are quickly recovered after field planting. Plug seedling has become the main mode of specialized commercial seedling production in many countries.

For seedlings with longer growth period, each seedling needs to be moved into a single nutrition pot after plug seedling is completed, and various automatic transplanting machines suitable for plug seedling have been successfully developed at present, but most of the transplanting machines have high working efficiency and high reliability, manual seedling feeding is needed in the operation process of the transplanting machines, and more intermittent pauses exist in the operation, so that the operation intensity is high and the efficiency is low.

Accordingly, those skilled in the art have been working to develop a seedling transplanting machine that does not require manual seedling feeding and that does not have intermittent pauses.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention discloses a seedling transplanting machine, and aims to provide a seedling transplanting machine which does not need to manually feed seedlings and has no intermittent stop.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a seedling transplanting machine, which comprises a seedling clamping device, wherein a plug conveying device is arranged at the lower side of the seedling clamping device, a seedling separating device is arranged between the plug conveying device and the seedling clamping device, a duckbill seedling placing device is arranged at the lower side of the seedling separating device, a receiving device is arranged below the duckbill seedling placing device, a soil conveying device is arranged above one side of the receiving device, and a concentrated loading device is arranged below the receiving device.

Preferably, the seedling transplanting machine further comprises a mounting frame, the seedling clamping device comprises a first guide rail, two ends of the first guide rail are fixed on the mounting frame, a sliding plate is slidably mounted on the first guide rail and connected with a forward and backward cylinder, the lower side of the sliding plate is connected with one end of a vertical moving cylinder, the other end of the vertical moving cylinder is connected with a second guide rail, a movable seedling clamping plate is slidably mounted in the second guide rail, a fixed seedling clamping plate is arranged in the movable seedling clamping plate, the movable seedling clamping plate is connected with a seedling clamping opening and closing cylinder, and matched seedling clamps are arranged on the movable seedling clamping plate and the fixed seedling clamping plate.

Preferably, a connecting block is arranged between the up-down moving cylinder and the second guide rail; the second guide rail is provided with a sliding groove, the movable seedling clamping plate is arranged in the sliding groove, the movable seedling clamping plate is provided with a sliding groove, the top of the sliding groove is provided with a support, the seedling clamping plate is arranged on the support, and the fixed seedling clamping plate is arranged in the sliding groove.

Preferably, the plug conveying device comprises a first sprocket transmission mechanism arranged on the mounting frame, the first sprocket transmission mechanism is driven by a transmission motor, an induction screw is arranged on the first sprocket transmission mechanism, and a proximity sensor for detecting the induction screw is arranged on the mounting frame.

Preferably, the seedling separating device comprises a second sprocket transmission mechanism fixed on the mounting frame, a plurality of seedling separating cups are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second sprocket transmission mechanism at equal intervals, movable doors are arranged on the outer sides of the seedling separating cups, annular blocking rods for closing the movable doors are arranged on the outer sides of all the seedling separating cups, and openings for opening the movable doors are formed in the annular blocking rods.

Preferably, the section of the seedling separating cup is in a right triangle shape, and the bevel edge side of the seedling separating cup is the movable door.

Preferably, the duckbill seedling device comprises a portal frame fixed on a mounting frame, wherein a duckbill lifting cylinder and a duckbill opening and closing cylinder are arranged at the top of the portal frame; the piston rod of the duckbill lifting cylinder is connected with a movable frame, the bottom of the movable frame is fixedly provided with a support ring, and the support ring is positioned below the opening of the annular blocking rod; the lower side of the middle part of the supporting ring is hinged with a first duckbill plate and a second duckbill plate, and openings between the first duckbill plate and the second duckbill plate are oppositely arranged; the movable frame is provided with a sliding frame, the lower end of the sliding frame is hinged with the first duckbill plate and the second duckbill plate respectively, and the sliding frame is connected with the duckbill opening and closing cylinder.

Preferably, the bearing device comprises a third sprocket transmission mechanism fixed on the mounting frame, a plurality of equidistant bearing devices are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the third sprocket transmission mechanism, a flip door is arranged at the bottom of each bearing device, a blocking device is arranged on the lower side of each bearing device, and the blocking device is connected with a pushing cylinder.

Preferably, the soil conveying device comprises a funnel fixed on the mounting frame, a rotary drum and a soil receiver are arranged at the bottom of the funnel, the rotary drum is connected with a soil discharging motor, and the soil receiver is located above the receiver.

Preferably, the centralized loading device is located at the bottom of the mounting frame, the centralized loading device comprises a movable bottom tray, a fourth sprocket transmission mechanism is arranged on the bottom tray, a loading tray is placed on the fourth sprocket transmission mechanism, and the loading tray corresponds to the receiver.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

through the synchronous design of each device, the plug conveyer conveys the plug that is equipped with more seedlings to appointed position, and the seedling clamping device motion carries out the clamp seedling and drops into seedling dividing device, and seedling dividing device drops into duckbilled seedling device in proper order with the seedling. Meanwhile, the nutrition pot is manually placed on the bearing device, the soil conveying device is used for placing nutrition soil in the nutrition pot, the duckbill seedling placing device is used for planting seedlings in the nutrition pot, and the nutrition pot after planting the seedlings in the bearing device falls into the centralized loading device, so that unified conveying can be performed.

The seedling transplanting machine is continuously operated without resetting, namely, in the operation process, the former process is not finished, and the next process is started to work, so that no intermittent pause exists, manual seedling feeding is not needed, and the working efficiency is improved. The seedling transplanting machine is suitable for automatic cup filling of seedlings with longer growth period, and improves the degree of automation from plug cultivation to nutrition pot seedling cultivation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the seedling clamping device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the seedling clamping device of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a seedling clamping plate of the seedling clamping device of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tray transfer device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the seedling separating apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a seedling separating cup of the seedling separating device of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the duckbill seedling-placing device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the receiving device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the receiving device of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the soil conveying device of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the drum of the soil conveying device of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the concentrated loading device of the present invention.

In the above figures: 1. a seedling clamping device; 11. a first guide rail; 12. a slide plate; 13. a forward and backward cylinder; 14. a vertical moving cylinder; 15. a second guide rail; 151. a connecting block; 152. a ball; 16. a movable seedling clamping plate; 161. a bracket; 17. fixing seedling clamping plates; 18. a seedling clamp opening and closing cylinder; 2. a plug-tray conveying device; 21. a first sprocket drive mechanism; 22. a drive motor; 23. an induction screw; 24. a proximity sensor; 3. seedling separating device; 31. seedling separating cups; 311. a movable door; 32. a second sprocket drive mechanism; 33. an annular blocking rod; 331. an opening; 4. duckbill seedling placing device; 41. a portal frame; 42. duckbill lifting cylinder; 43. duckbill opening and closing cylinder; 44. a movable frame; 45. a support ring; 46. a first duckbill plate; 47. a second duckbill plate; 48. a carriage; 5. a receiving device; 51. a receptacle; 511. turning the door; 52. a blocking device; 53. a third sprocket drive mechanism; 54. a pushing cylinder; 6. a soil conveying device; 61. a funnel; 62. a rotating drum; 63. a soil catcher; 64. a soil discharge motor; 7. a centralized loading device; 71. a bottom tray; 72. loading a tray; 73. a tray motor; 74. a fourth sprocket drive mechanism; 8. a mounting frame; 81. a top layer frame; 82. a middle layer frame; 83. and a bottom layer frame.

Description of the embodiments

The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, and it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific manner, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a seedling transplanting machine, comprising a mounting frame 8, wherein the mounting frame 8 comprises a top layer frame 81, a middle layer frame 82 and a bottom layer frame 83. The top layer frame 81 is provided with a seedling clamping device 1, the lower side of the seedling clamping device 1, namely the bottom of the top layer frame 81, is provided with a plug conveying device 2, the plug conveying device 2 is used for placing a plug with seedlings, and the seedling clamping device 1 is used for clamping a plurality of seedlings in the plug at one time. A seedling separating device 3 is arranged between the plug conveying device 2 and the seedling clamping device 1, a duckbill seedling placing device 4 is arranged at the lower side of the seedling separating device 3, the seedling clamping device 1 inputs seedlings into the seedling separating device 3, and the seedlings in the seedling separating device 3 are sequentially input into the duckbill seedling placing device 4. The lower part of the duckbill seedling-placing device 4 is provided with a receiving device 5, a soil-conveying device 6 is arranged above one side of the receiving device 5, the soil-conveying device 6 conveys soil in the receiving device 5, and the duckbill seedling-placing device 4 implants seedlings into the receiving device 5 with soil to finish transplanting. A concentrated loading device 7 is arranged below the bearing device 5, and the concentrated loading device 7 is used for concentrated loading and transferring of transplanted seedlings.

Through the synchronous design of each device, the plug conveyor 2 conveys the plug that is equipped with more seedlings to appointed position, and seedling clamping device 1 moves and presss from both sides the seedling and drops into seedling dividing device 3, and seedling dividing device 3 drops into duckbill seedling device 4 in proper order with the seedling. Meanwhile, the nutrition pot is manually placed on the bearing device 5, the soil conveying device 6 is used for placing nutrition soil in the nutrition pot, the duckbill seedling placing device 4 is used for planting seedlings in the nutrition pot, and the nutrition pot after the seedlings are planted in the bearing device 5 falls into the centralized loading device 7, so that unified conveying can be performed.

As shown in fig. 2 and 1, the seedling clamping device 1 comprises a first guide rail 11, two ends of the first guide rail 11 are fixed on a top rack 81, a sliding plate 12 is slidably arranged on the first guide rail 11, and the sliding plate 12 is controlled by a forward and backward cylinder 13 arranged on the top rack 81. The lower side of the slide plate 12 is connected with one end of the up-and-down moving cylinder 14, the other end of the up-and-down moving cylinder 14 is connected with the second guide rail 15, and a connecting block 151 is arranged between the up-and-down moving cylinder 14 and the second guide rail 15. As shown in fig. 3, the second guide rail 15 is provided with a sliding groove, the movable seedling clamping plate 16 is installed in the sliding groove, and a ball 152 is arranged between the second guide rail 15 and the movable seedling clamping plate 16. Meanwhile, the movable seedling clamping plate 16 is provided with a sliding groove, the top of the sliding groove is provided with a bracket 161, a seedling clamp is arranged on the bracket 161, the fixed seedling clamping plate 17 is arranged in the sliding groove, and the fixed seedling clamping plate 17 is fixedly connected with the connecting block 151 through a connecting support block (not shown in the figure). As shown in fig. 4, the fixed seedling clamping plate 17 is provided with seedling clamps corresponding to the movable seedling clamping plate 16.

One end of the movable seedling clamping plate 16 is connected with a seedling clamping opening and closing cylinder 18, and the seedling clamping opening and closing cylinder 18 drives the movable seedling clamping plate 16 to slide in the second guide rail 15, so that the seedling clamping of the movable seedling clamping plate 16 approaches or moves away from the seedling clamping of the fixed seedling clamping plate 17, and the action of clamping or putting down the seedlings is completed. The forward and backward air cylinder 13 is used for controlling the movement of the seedling clamping device 1 in the front-back direction, and the up-down moving air cylinder 14 is used for controlling the movement of the seedling clamping device 1 in the up-down direction, so that the seedling clamp moves between the plug conveying device 2 and the seedling separating device 3, and the actions of seedling clamping and seedling placing are completed.

As shown in fig. 5 and 1, a supporting frame is provided at the bottom of the tray conveying device 2, and the supporting frame is fixed at the bottom of the top frame 81, i.e., at the top of the middle frame 82. The tray conveying device 2 comprises a first sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 21, the first sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 21 comprises two groups of parallel sprocket wheels, the sprocket wheels are used for placing trays, and the spacing and the number of seedlings in each row in the tray correspond to those of the seedling clamps. A set of sprockets is driven by a drive motor 22 and is provided with an induction screw 23 on the chain of the set of sprockets, and a proximity sensor 24 for detecting the induction screw 23 is provided on the mounting frame 8.

As shown in fig. 6 and fig. 1, the seedling separating device 3 comprises a second sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 32 fixed in the middle of the top layer frame 81, the second sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 32 is a group of horizontally arranged sprocket wheels, and a plurality of seedling separating cups 31 are fixedly mounted on the outer sides of chains of the sprocket wheels at equal intervals, so that the seedling separating cups 31 form runway type continuous circulation, and the spacing between straight parts at one sides of the seedling separating cups 31 corresponds to the seedling clamps. As shown in fig. 7, each seedling-dividing cup 31 has a right triangle shape in cross section, and the inclined side of the seedling-dividing cup 31 is a movable door 311. The outside of all seedling separating cups 31 is provided with an annular blocking rod 33 for closing the movable door 311, and the annular blocking rod 33 is provided with an opening 331 for opening one movable door 311. The seedling separating device 3 is driven by a rotating motor, so that each seedling separating cup 31 sequentially moves to the opening 331 to open the movable door 311, and seedlings fall down. The seedling separating cups 31 which are transmitted by adopting a chain are distributed annularly, seedlings are repeatedly clamped again after being clamped and taken, the seedlings are moved to the upper side of the seedling separating cup 31 to wait under the action of the advancing and retreating air cylinder 13, when no seedlings exist in the seedling separating cup 31 above the seedling clamp at the most end, the seedling clamp is opened, and the seedlings are sequentially arranged in the seedling separating cup 31 again.

As shown in fig. 8 and 1, the duckbill seedling-placing device 4 includes a gantry 41 fixed to a middle layer frame 82, and a duckbill lifting cylinder 42 and a duckbill opening and closing cylinder 43 are mounted on top of the gantry 41. The piston rod of the duckbill lifting cylinder 42 is connected with a movable frame 44, a support ring 45 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable frame 44, and the support ring 45 is positioned below the opening 331 of the annular blocking rod 33. The middle underside of the support ring 45 is hinged with a first duckbill plate 46 and a second duckbill plate 47, with an opening 331 between the first duckbill plate 46 and the second duckbill plate 47 being oppositely disposed. The movable frame 44 is provided with a sliding frame 48, the lower end of the sliding frame 48 is hinged with support plates arranged at the upper ends of the first duckbill plate 46 and the second duckbill plate 47 respectively, and the sliding frame 48 is connected with the duckbill opening and closing cylinder 43. The duckbill lifting cylinder 42 is used for driving the movable frame 44 to move up and down, so that the duckbill is driven to move down to the bearing device 5 or up to the lower part of the seedling separating cup 31. The duckbill opening and closing cylinder 43 pulls the carriage 48 to simultaneously rotate the first and second duckbill plates 46 and 47 about the hinge shaft in the middle of the support ring 45, thereby relatively opening or closing the first and second duckbill plates 46 and 47.

After the young seedling falls into the duckbill seedling placement device 4 in the highest posture, under the drive of the duckbill up-and-down moving cylinder 14, the closed duckbill moves downwards and is inserted into the nutrition pot right below, hole punching is carried out, soil in the nutrition pot is extruded to the periphery, then under the action of the duckbill opening and closing cylinder 43, the first duckbill plate 46 and the second duckbill plate 47 are opened relatively, the young seedling is placed in the pit, and then the duckbill moves upwards and is closed for resetting. At this time, the plant seedling is positioned at the center of the nutrition pot, the surrounding soil naturally loosens under the action of no external force, and the root soil complex of the seedling is wrapped, so that the erection degree of the seedling in the cup filling process is ensured.

As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 1, the carrying device 5 comprises a third sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 53 fixed on the middle layer frame 82, the third sprocket wheel transmission mechanism 53 is a group of flat sprocket wheels, a plurality of equidistant carrying devices 51 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the chain of the sprocket wheels, the carrying devices 51 form a closed continuous circulation, the carrying devices 51 and the circulating movement direction of the seedling separating cup 31 are opposite, and the carrying devices 51 form a continuous circulation similar to a rectangular shape of a chamfer in the embodiment. The bottom of each receptacle 51 is provided with a flip door 511 that can be opened, and the hinge edges of the flip doors 511 are all located inside. The lower side of the receiver 51 is provided with a blocking device 52, the blocking device 52 is a movable blocking rod which is surrounded into a shape of a chamfer rectangle, and the movable blocking rod is positioned at the lower side of the turndown doors and can close each turndown door. The movable stop lever is connected with a pushing cylinder 54, when the movable stop lever translates by the pushing cylinder 54, the turning doors 511 of the acceptors 51 at two long side positions are opened and are closed, while the turning doors 511 of the acceptors 51 at two short side positions are always closed, and the nutrition pot at the side where the turning doors 511 are opened falls into the lower concentrated loading device 7.

As shown in fig. 11 and 1, the soil feeding device 6 comprises a funnel 61 fixed on a middle layer frame 82, a rotary drum 62 and a soil catcher 63 are arranged at the bottom of the funnel 61, the rotary drum 62 is connected with a soil discharging motor 64, and the soil catcher 63 is positioned above the receiver 51. As shown in fig. 12, the drum 62 is windmill-shaped, and the blades push the soil to fall or close the soil outlet end of the hopper 61. After the nutrition pot is manually placed in the receiver 51, the soil conveying device 6 injects nutrition soil into the nutrition pot, the nutrition pot filled with the nutrition soil moves to the lower part of the duckbill seedling placing device 4, the closed duckbill moves downwards and is inserted into the nutrition pot right below, hole punching is carried out, the soil in the nutrition pot is extruded to the periphery, then under the action of the duckbill opening and closing cylinder 43, the duckbill is opened, the plant seedlings are placed in the pits, and then the duckbill moves upwards and is closed for resetting.

As shown in fig. 13 and 1, the concentrated loading device 7 is located at the bottom of the bottom frame 83, the concentrated loading device 7 includes a bottom tray 71 with casters, a fourth sprocket drive mechanism 74 driven by a tray motor 73 is provided on the bottom tray 71, the fourth sprocket drive mechanism 74 includes two sets of parallel sprockets, and the chain of the sprockets is used for placing the loading tray 72. The loading tray 72 is provided with receiving holes, and the interval and the number of the receiving holes in each row correspond to those of the receivers 51 which are positioned at the long side and can be opened by the flip door.

The whole seedling transplanting machine comprises the following working processes:

the PLC program is started to start working, the nutrition pot is manually placed into the receiver 51, and the funnel 61 sequentially releases soil to the four nutrition pots between the funnel 61 and the duckbill seedling device 4 under the action of the soil release motor 64 and the rotary drum 62, so that the nutrition pot to be connected with the seedlings is provided with soil. The seedlings cultivated by the plug tray are manually put on the chain of the first sprocket transmission mechanism 21, and the transmission motor 22 with the rotating speed of 20r/min drives the chain to rotate, so that the plug tray with the seedlings is dragged to move for a certain distance. The proximity sensor 24 recognizes the sensing bolt on the chain and sends a stop signal, and the drive motor 22 stops rotating under the control of the main control box.

Then, the vertical moving cylinder 14 on the right upper part moves downwards, after the seedling clamp is inserted into the soil of the cave dish to a certain depth, the seedling clamp opening and closing cylinder 18 acts, so that the seedling clamp of the fixed seedling clamp plate 17 approaches to the seedling clamp of the movable seedling clamp plate 16 and clamps the root soil complex of the plant, finally, the seedling clamp moves upwards under the driving of the vertical moving cylinder 14 and is transported to the seedling separating cup 31 under the action of the forward and backward cylinder 13, the seedling clamp opening and closing cylinder 18 stops acting, the seedling clamp is opened and returns to the original position, and the seedling is placed in the seedling separating cup 31. Because the seedling separating cup 31 with seedlings at the end part is still at a certain distance from the duckbill seedling placing device 4 in the initial state, the seedling separating cup 31 will perform a plurality of idle operations, so that the seedling separating cup 31 with seedlings at the end part approaches the duckbill seedling placing device 4, and the seedlings in the seedling separating cup 31 to be placed are ensured.

When a batch of nutrition bowls (six cups in this embodiment) is completely loaded, the movable stop bar under the bottom plate of the carrier 51 moves inwards under the action of the pushing cylinder 54, the turning door opens under the action of the nutrition bowls and the gravity thereof, and the nutrition bowls fall into the loading tray 72 located below. The loading tray 72 is driven by the chain to move for a certain distance to enable the next batch of nutrition bowls to be "in position", so that the next batch of nutrition bowls can still be smoothly pushed into the loading tray 72, and after all the bearing holes of the tray 72 to be loaded are fully filled, the whole nutrition bowls are dragged out of the loading vehicle.

The soil placing, seedling feeding, seedling clamping, seedling throwing, seedling planting and seedling transplanting are performed synchronously, waiting is not needed, and the process is performed repeatedly and circularly, so that intermittent pause does not exist, manual seedling feeding is not needed, and the transplanting efficiency is improved.

The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A seedling transplanting machine, which is characterized in that: the seedling clamping device comprises a seedling clamping device (1), wherein a plug conveying device (2) is arranged at the lower side of the seedling clamping device (1), a seedling separating device (3) is arranged between the plug conveying device (2) and the seedling clamping device (1), a duckbill seedling placing device (4) is arranged at the lower side of the seedling separating device (3), a receiving device (5) is arranged below the duckbill seedling placing device (4), a soil conveying device (6) is arranged above one side of the receiving device (5), and a concentrated loading device (7) is arranged below the receiving device (5);

the seedling clamping device comprises a mounting frame (8), wherein the seedling clamping device (1) comprises a first guide rail (11), two ends of the first guide rail (11) are fixed on the mounting frame (8), a sliding plate (12) is slidably mounted on the first guide rail (11), the sliding plate (12) is connected with a forward and backward cylinder (13), the lower side of the sliding plate (12) is connected with one end of a vertical moving cylinder (14), the other end of the vertical moving cylinder (14) is connected with a second guide rail (15), a movable seedling clamping plate (16) is slidably mounted in the second guide rail (15), a fixed seedling clamping plate (17) is arranged in the movable seedling clamping plate (16), a seedling clamping opening and closing cylinder (18) is connected to the movable seedling clamping plate (16), and matched seedling clamps are arranged on the movable seedling clamping plate (16) and the fixed seedling clamping plate (17).

The seedling separating device (3) comprises a second sprocket transmission mechanism (32) fixed on the mounting frame (8), a plurality of seedling separating cups (31) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second sprocket transmission mechanism (32) at equal intervals, a movable door (311) is arranged on the outer side of each seedling separating cup (31), annular blocking rods (33) for closing the movable doors (311) are arranged on the outer sides of all the seedling separating cups (31), and openings (331) for opening the movable doors (311) are formed in the annular blocking rods (33);

the duckbill seedling placement device (4) comprises a portal frame (41) fixed on a mounting frame (8), wherein a duckbill lifting cylinder (42) and a duckbill opening and closing cylinder (43) are arranged at the top of the portal frame (41); a piston rod of the duckbill lifting cylinder (42) is connected with a movable frame (44), a support ring (45) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable frame (44), and the support ring (45) is positioned below an opening (331) of the annular blocking rod (33); a first duckbill plate (46) and a second duckbill plate (47) are hinged to the lower side of the middle part of the supporting ring (45), and openings (331) between the first duckbill plate (46) and the second duckbill plate (47) are oppositely arranged; a sliding frame (48) is arranged on the movable frame (44), the lower end of the sliding frame (48) is hinged with the first duckbill plate (46) and the second duckbill plate (47) respectively, and the sliding frame (48) is connected with the duckbill opening and closing cylinder (43);

the bearing device (5) comprises a third sprocket transmission mechanism (53) fixed on the mounting frame (8), a plurality of equidistant bearing devices (51) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the third sprocket transmission mechanism (53), a turning door (511) is arranged at the bottom of each bearing device (51), a blocking device (52) is arranged on the lower side of each bearing device (51), and the blocking device (52) is connected with a pushing cylinder (54).

2. A seedling transplanting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a connecting block (151) is arranged between the up-and-down moving cylinder (14) and the second guide rail (15); the second guide rail (15) is provided with a sliding groove, the movable seedling clamping plate (16) is installed in the sliding groove, the movable seedling clamping plate (16) is provided with a sliding groove, the top of the sliding groove is provided with a support (161), the seedling clamp is installed on the support (161), and the fixed Miao Gaban (17) is installed in the sliding groove.

3. A seedling transplanting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plug conveying device (2) comprises a first sprocket transmission mechanism (21) arranged on the mounting frame (8), the first sprocket transmission mechanism (21) is driven by a transmission motor (22), an induction screw (23) is arranged on the first sprocket transmission mechanism (21), and a proximity sensor (24) for detecting the induction screw (23) is arranged on the mounting frame (8).

4. A seedling transplanting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section shape of the seedling separating cup (31) is a right triangle, and the inclined side of the seedling separating cup (31) is the movable door (311).

5. A seedling transplanting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil conveying device (6) comprises a funnel (61) fixed on the mounting frame (8), a rotary drum (62) and a soil receiver (63) are arranged at the bottom of the funnel (61), the rotary drum (62) is connected with a soil discharging motor (64), and the soil receiver (63) is located above the receiver (51).

6. A seedling transplanting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the centralized loading device (7) is located at the bottom of the mounting frame (8), the centralized loading device (7) comprises a movable bottom tray (71), a fourth sprocket transmission mechanism (74) is arranged on the bottom tray (71), a loading tray (72) is placed on the fourth sprocket transmission mechanism (74), and the loading tray (72) corresponds to the receiver (51).