CN115102618A - Optical fiber coding method based on adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and chirped fiber grating - Google Patents
Optical fiber coding method based on adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and chirped fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating, which comprises the following steps: the light source module emits a C-waveband broadband optical signal, the broadband optical signal is divided into an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped optical fiber grating which are connected in parallel by an optical splitter, the chirped optical fiber grating selectively reflects the broadband optical signal with a specific wavelength, and the reflection signal of the chirped optical fiber grating is modulated by the change of the length of the adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity; taking different chirp fiber grating reflection wavelengths as a first encoding, then modulating interference on fiber F-P (Fabry-Perot) intensities in each code word reflection wavelength range as a second encoding, and forming a set of all the encoding by the final results of the two encoding; the method can meet the requirement of monitoring the high-real-time dense optical network link.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of network digitization, and particularly relates to an optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and chirped fiber grating.
Background
Optical fiber coding is the basic and core technology for realizing all-optical network digitization. The optical fiber link safety is the basis for ensuring the optical access network safety, and researches show that about one third of optical network faults are caused by optical fiber cable faults, so that each optical fiber link in the optical access network is digitally encoded, and the network state is monitored by using the codes, and the premise that the optical access network can operate efficiently and stably is the full optical network digital management which is more accurate, reliable, intelligent and efficient. The efficiency of optical fiber coding directly influences the effect of realizing all-optical network digitization, the intensive optical fiber coding method based on the optical frequency comb and the optical fiber grating can utilize less wavelength resources to complete coding of more links, the frequency spectrum resources are saved, and the scale of the network which can be monitored by the all-optical network digitization technology can be greatly improved when the optical fiber channel is in shortage and the number of users is gradually increased.
Most of the currently used optical fiber coding techniques only use fiber gratings to perform one-dimensional or two-dimensional wavelength coding on monitoring optical pulses. The one-dimensional coding wavelength coding only can allocate a single wavelength to one link as a unique label, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient implementation, the coder only comprises one fiber grating arranged at a user end, and the defect is obvious, and the used spectrum resources are linearly increased along with the number of the coding links and only can be suitable for the coding requirement of a small-scale optical network. The two-dimensional wavelength coding uses an optical encoder consisting of a fiber grating and a one-to-two optical splitter, the encoder is placed at the local side in an access network, the complexity of a user side is reduced by adopting centralized coding, the coding efficiency is greatly improved compared with the one-dimensional encoding, but the two-dimensional wavelength coding is limited by spectral resources in actual use and can only realize the coding of hundreds of links.
The method for increasing the number of codes generally used mainly includes multiplexing in the time domain, grouping a plurality of users into one group, encoding only the optical fiber links of a certain group of users within a period of time by using a polling mode, and setting a proper polling period to enable each optical fiber link to be effectively encoded. The effective coding quantity increase can be realized simply by the light switching and control circuit combined with the time division multiplexing wavelength coding method, but when the monitoring link is longer, the polling window allocated to each group of users also needs to be correspondingly increased, and in addition, the increase of the number of the users also needs to poll more groups to meet the requirements, so that the polling period is inevitably prolonged, the time for the users not to be identified and managed is increased, and the response efficiency of fault monitoring is reduced.
The existing coding technology cannot be suitable for realizing real-time coding of a large-scale and high-reliability all-optical network.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the optical fiber coding method based on the adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating is provided to solve the technical problems that the existing coding technology cannot be suitable for realizing real-time coding of an all-optical network with large scale and high reliability requirements and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating comprises the following steps:
step 1, a C-waveband broadband optical signal is emitted by a light source module, the broadband light source and the output optical signal ensure that the wavelength range of the optical signal covers the reflection spectrum wavelength range of more than one chirped fiber grating, and the optical power meets the requirement of generating enough reflection light intensity at the chirped fiber grating and an adjustable fiber F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting;
and 3, taking different chirp fiber grating reflection wavelengths as a first encoding, modulating interference on the fiber F-P in the reflection wavelength range of each code word as a second encoding, and forming a set of all the encoding by the final results of the two encoding.
The method for ensuring that the wavelength range of the optical signal covers the reflection spectrum wavelength range of more than one chirped fiber grating comprises the following steps: the wavelength range of the broadband light source in the C waveband is 1520nm-1570nm, the wavelength range of the broadband light source in the C + L waveband is 1520nm-1620nm, and the wavelength range of the emission spectrum of the chirped fiber grating is 9 nm.
The method for generating enough reflected light intensity at the chirped fiber grating and the adjustable fiber F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after the light power meets the light splitting comprises the following steps: the reflectivity of the chirped fiber grating reaches over 95%, and meanwhile, when the reflectivity of the adjustable F-P cavity reaches over 98%, the sufficient reflected light intensity is generated at the chirped fiber grating and the adjustable F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting.
The method for reflecting the broadband optical signal with the specific wavelength by the chirped fiber grating selection in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the Bragg reflection wavelength lambda of the chirped fiber grating is 2n lambda, wherein n represents the refractive index of the core film, lambda represents the period of the grating, and when the refractive index of the core film is fixed, the specific wavelength of the broadband light source can be reflected through different grating periods.
The method for modulating the reflection signal of the chirped fiber grating through the change of the length of the tunable fiber F-P cavity comprises the following steps: the reflection light of the adjustable fiber F-P cavity can be reflected only when 2nL is equal to integral multiple of the wavelength of the reflection light, wherein n represents the refractive index of the core film, L represents the cavity length, and different cavity lengths L are controlled to reflect different wavelengths of 1520nm-1620nm so as to realize the modulation of the chirped fiber grating.
The free spectral width of the modulation interference spectrum of the generated optical fiber F-P is smaller than the width of the reflection spectral width of the chirped fiber grating; the different F-P cavity lengths ensure that the number of interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum is different, n different codes are generated on the reflection spectrum through n modulation fiber F-P cavities, and then n times of expansion of the optical codes is realized through an optical encoder.
The method for ensuring the difference of the number of the interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum by different F-P cavity lengths comprises the following steps: the 3dB reflection spectrum bandwidth of the chirped fiber grating is larger than 9nm, the gain flatness of the spectrum is smaller than +/-1.0 dB, the interference fringe interval delta lambda of the adjustable F-P cavity is lambda ^2/2nL, wherein lambda represents the reflection light frequency of the adjustable F-P cavity, n represents the refractive index of the core film, and L represents the cavity length; when the frequency of the chirped reflected light is in the range of 1520nm-1620nm, the refractive index n is 1.5, and the cavity length range of the F-P is greater than about 1mm, the spectral broadband of the F-P cavity is less than 1nm, and the F-P cavity length is in inverse proportion to Delta lambda, so that the difference of the number of interference fringes of the reflection spectrum of the chirped fiber grating falling into different F-P cavities is ensured.
The C-band broadband optical signal is formed by overlapping optical pulses with different central wavelengths in a time domain; the adjacent center wavelengths of the optical pulses have the same spacing, and the frequency components of the wavelengths do not overlap with each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes C-waveband broadband optical signals as a signal light source, and modulates the pulse wavelength twice through the cavity length change of Fabry-Perot (F-P) and the chirp type fiber bragg grating, thereby realizing the coding of a large number of users under the condition of using limited wavelength resources. The light source module emits a C-waveband pulse signal, the optical splitter divides the broadband optical signal into an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped optical fiber grating which are connected in parallel, the chirped optical fiber grating selects to reflect the broadband optical signal with specific wavelength, and the reflection signal of the chirped optical fiber grating is modulated through the change of the length of the adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity. The different F-P cavity lengths ensure that the number of interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum has obvious difference, and different codes can be generated on the reflection spectrum by different modulation fiber F-P cavities.
The invention provides an intensive optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating, the lengths of the F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating are different, the number of interference fringes falling into a chirped fiber grating reflection spectrum is ensured to be obviously different, n different codes can be generated on the reflection spectrum through n modulated optical fiber F-P cavities, and the requirement of high-real-time intensive optical network link monitoring can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a reflective intelligent optical fiber jumper device;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of chirped fiber grating and tunable fiber F-P cavity structure
FIG. 3 is a reflection-type intelligent optical fiber jumper link connection diagram;
FIG. 4 is a graph of chirped fiber grating reflected light;
FIG. 5 is a graph of chirped fiber grating and tunable fiber F-P cavity reflected light modulation.
Detailed Description
A dense optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a C-waveband broadband optical signal is emitted by a light source module, the broadband light source and the optical signal output by the broadband light source can ensure that the wavelength range of the optical signal can cover the reflection spectrum wavelength range of a plurality of chirped fiber gratings, and the optical power can meet the requirement that sufficient reflection light intensity is generated at the chirped fiber gratings and the adjustable fiber F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting. The wavelength range of the broadband light source of the C wave band is 1520nm-1570nm, the wavelength range of the broadband light source of the C + L wave band is 1520nm-1620nm, and the wavelength range of the emission spectrum of the chirped fiber grating is about 9nm generally, so that the reflection spectrum of a plurality of chirped fiber gratings is ensured in the coverage range of the broadband light source. The reflectivity of the chirped fiber grating reaches over 95 percent, and the reflectivity of the adjustable F-P cavity reaches over 98 percent, so that sufficient reflected light intensity can be generated at the chirped fiber grating and the adjustable F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting.
And 2, dividing the broadband optical signal to an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped optical fiber grating which are connected in parallel by using an optical splitter, wherein the chirped optical fiber grating selectively reflects the broadband optical signal with a specific wavelength, and the reflected signal of the chirped optical fiber grating is modulated by the change of the length of the adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity. The Bragg reflection wavelength lambda of the chirped fiber grating is 2n lambda, wherein n represents the refractive index of the core film, lambda represents the period of the grating, and when the refractive index of the core film is fixed, the specific wavelength of the broadband light source is reflected through different grating periods. The reflected light of the tunable fiber F-P cavity is only reflected when 2nL is equal to the integral multiple of the wavelength of the reflected light. Where n represents the core film refractive index and L represents the cavity length. Reflection of different wavelengths from 1520nm to 1620nm can be realized by controlling different cavity lengths L, and the modulation of the chirped fiber grating is realized.
And 3, taking different chirp fiber grating reflection wavelengths as first encoding, modulating interference on the fiber F-P in each code word reflection wavelength range as second encoding, wherein the final results of the two encoding form a set of all encoding, and the modulation mode is interference.
The chirp fiber grating has better flatness in the reflection wavelength range, the width of the reflection spectrum is larger than 9nm, and the free spectrum width of the modulation interference spectrum of the generated fiber F-P is smaller than that of the chirp fiber grating; the different F-P cavity lengths ensure that the number of interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum has obvious difference, and n different codes can be generated on the reflection spectrum through n modulation fiber F-P cavities. And then the optical encoder is used for realizing the n-time expansion of the optical encoding. The 3dB reflection spectrum bandwidth of the chirped fiber grating is larger than 9nm, and the gain flatness of the spectrum is smaller than +/-1.0 dB. The fringe spacing Δ λ ═ λ ^2/2nL for the tunable F-P cavity, where λ represents the reflected light frequency of the tunable F-P cavity, n represents the refractive index of the core film, and L represents the cavity length. When the frequency of the chirped reflected light is in the range of 1520nm-1620nm, the refractive index n is about 1.5, and the cavity length range of the F-P is greater than about 1mm, the spectral broadband of the F-P cavity is less than 1nm, and the F-P cavity length is in inverse proportion to the Delta lambda, so that the number of interference fringes for ensuring that different F-P cavities fall into the reflection spectrum of the chirped fiber grating is obviously different.
In the scheme, the fiber coding method based on the adjustable fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating realizes the modulation of the reflection wavelength of the FBG through fiber F-P interference spectrums with different cavity lengths, and the width of the reflection wavelength of the chirped fiber grating is delta lambda 0 And the achievable reflection peak interval of the reflection wavelength of the optical fiber F-P is Delta lambda 1 By controlling the cavity length of F-P
Different modulations are provided and the number of interference fringes is ensured to have obvious difference. With an optical encoder, an n-fold expansion of the optical encoding can be achieved.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a device through which a light source module emits a C-band broadband optical signal from generation to an incoming optical fiber link. The light source module emits a C-waveband pulse signal which comprises a plurality of optical pulses with different central wavelengths and overlapped in a time domain, the optical pulses are distributed to n adjustable optical fiber F-P cavities and chirped optical fiber gratings which are connected in parallel through a splitter, the chirped optical fiber gratings selectively reflect the broadband optical signals with specific wavelengths, and the adjustable optical fibers F-P modulate the reflection signals of the chirped optical fiber gratings to realize that n different codes are generated on the reflection spectrum.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a chirped fiber grating and tunable fiber F-P cavity structure. The reflection wavelength ranges of different chirped fiber gratings are different, and the different F-P cavity lengths ensure that the number of interference fringes falling into the reflection spectrum of the chirped fiber gratings has obvious difference.
Fig. 3 is a reflection-type intelligent optical fiber jumper link connection diagram. Different n-number of codes of the chirped fiber grating are realized through n different fibers F-P.
Figure 4 is a spectral diagram of a C-band broadband optical signal. One optical pulse is formed by combining a plurality of optical signals with different central wavelengths, the distances between adjacent central wavelengths are the same, and the main frequency components of the wavelengths do not overlap with each other.
FIG. 5 is a spectrum diagram of a tunable fiber F-P modulated chirped fiber grating. The chirp fiber grating reflected light is modulated by the tunable fiber F-P to form reflected light signals with different fringe numbers.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a dense optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating. The specific implementation flow, the width of the chirp fiber grating reflection wavelength and the length of the F-P cavity used in the method can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
Claims (8)
1. An optical fiber coding method based on an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a C-waveband broadband optical signal is emitted by a light source module, the broadband light source and the output optical signal ensure that the wavelength range of the optical signal covers the reflection spectrum wavelength range of more than one chirped fiber grating, and the optical power meets the requirement of generating enough reflection light intensity at the chirped fiber grating and an adjustable fiber F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting;
step 2, dividing the broadband optical signal to an adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity and a chirped fiber grating which are connected in parallel by using an optical splitter, wherein the chirped fiber grating selects to reflect the broadband optical signal with a specific wavelength, and the reflection signal of the chirped fiber grating is modulated by the change of the length of the adjustable optical fiber F-P cavity;
and 3, taking different chirp fiber grating reflection wavelengths as a first encoding, then modulating interference on the fiber F-P in each code reflection wavelength range as a second encoding, and forming a set of all the encoding by the final results of the two encoding.
2. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein: the method for ensuring that the wavelength range of the optical signal covers the wavelength range of the reflection spectrum of more than one chirped fiber grating comprises the following steps: the wavelength range of the broadband light source in the C waveband is 1520nm-1570nm, the wavelength range of the broadband light source in the C + L waveband is 1520nm-1620nm, and the wavelength range of the emission spectrum of the chirped fiber grating is 9 nm.
3. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for generating enough reflected light intensity at the chirped fiber grating and the adjustable fiber F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after the light power meets the light splitting comprises the following steps: the reflectivity of the chirped fiber grating reaches over 95%, and meanwhile, when the reflectivity of the adjustable F-P cavity reaches over 98%, the sufficient reflected light intensity is generated at the chirped fiber grating and the adjustable F-P cavity which are connected in parallel after light splitting.
4. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: step 2, the method for the chirped fiber grating to select the reflection of the broadband optical signal with the specific wavelength comprises the following steps: the Bragg reflection wavelength lambda of the chirped fiber grating is 2n lambda, wherein n represents the refractive index of the core film, lambda represents the period of the grating, and when the refractive index of the core film is fixed, the specific wavelength of the broadband light source is reflected through different grating periods.
5. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for modulating the reflection signal of the chirped fiber grating through the change of the length of the F-P cavity of the adjustable fiber comprises the following steps: the reflection light of the tunable fiber F-P cavity can be reflected only when 2nL (n is the refractive index of the core film) is equal to the integral multiple of the wavelength of the reflection light, L is the cavity length, and the chirp fiber grating can be modulated by controlling different cavity lengths L to reflect different wavelengths of 1520nm-1620 nm.
6. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the free spectral width of the modulation interference spectrum of the generated optical fiber F-P is smaller than the width of the reflection spectral width of the chirped fiber grating; the different F-P cavity lengths ensure that the number of interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum is different, n different codes are generated on the reflection spectrum through n modulation fiber F-P cavities, and then n times of expansion of the optical codes is realized through an optical encoder.
7. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 5, wherein: the method for ensuring the difference of the number of the interference fringes falling into the chirp fiber grating reflection spectrum by different F-P cavity lengths comprises the following steps: the 3dB reflection spectrum bandwidth of the chirped fiber grating is larger than 9nm, the gain flatness of the spectrum is smaller than +/-1.0 dB, the interference fringe interval delta lambda of the adjustable F-P cavity is lambda ^2/2nL, wherein lambda represents the reflection light frequency of the adjustable F-P cavity, n represents the refractive index of the core film, and L represents the cavity length; when the frequency of the chirped reflected light is in the range of 1520nm-1620nm, the refractive index n is 1.5, and the cavity length range of the F-P is greater than about 1mm, the spectral broadband of the F-P cavity is less than 1nm, and the F-P cavity length is in inverse proportion to Delta lambda, so that the difference of the number of interference fringes of the reflection spectrum of the chirped fiber grating falling into different F-P cavities is ensured.
8. The optical fiber encoding method based on the tunable optical fiber F-P cavity and the chirped fiber grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the C-band broadband optical signal is formed by overlapping optical pulses with different central wavelengths in a time domain; the adjacent center wavelengths of the optical pulses have the same spacing, and the frequency components of the wavelengths do not overlap with each other.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101769762A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Sensing demodulating system for optical chirped-grating |
| CN114459514A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-05-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | High-speed fiber grating sensing system and method for chirp frequency coding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101769762A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Sensing demodulating system for optical chirped-grating |
| CN114459514A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-05-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | High-speed fiber grating sensing system and method for chirp frequency coding |
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