CN115102338A - Motor winding disassembling method and heating coil used by same - Google Patents
Motor winding disassembling method and heating coil used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115102338A CN115102338A CN202211009208.0A CN202211009208A CN115102338A CN 115102338 A CN115102338 A CN 115102338A CN 202211009208 A CN202211009208 A CN 202211009208A CN 115102338 A CN115102338 A CN 115102338A
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Abstract
The application discloses a motor winding disassembling method and a heating coil used by the same, wherein the disassembling method comprises the following steps: s1: disassembling the motor to obtain an iron core winding assembly, wherein the iron core winding assembly comprises a stator iron core and a winding, and the winding comprises a plurality of turns of coils; s2: a heating coil is arranged in an inner cavity of the stator core; s3: the heating coil carries out eddy current heating on the iron core winding assembly under the action of electromagnetic induction; s4: after heating is finished, mechanically shearing one end of the iron core winding assembly to obtain the iron core winding assembly with one end coil intact and the other end coil forming a cut fracture; s5: dividing the winding into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the iron core winding assembly, and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups; s6: the plurality of coil groups are pulled out one by one from the end of the core winding assembly that is not mechanically sheared. The motor winding disassembling method is high in disassembling efficiency, and the surface cleanliness of the stator core after disassembly is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor winding disassembling method and an auxiliary tool used by the same.
Background
The motor is used as mechanical equipment for realizing electric energy and mechanical conversion, and has very wide application in various fields of national economy. In the national energy system, various types of motor products can be seen no matter on a power generation side, a power transmission side or a power supply and distribution side or a power utilization side.
In the fields of thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, wind power generation and nuclear power generation, thermal energy and mechanical energy are generally required to be converted into electric energy, and a generator is required at this time. On the electricity-consuming side, a large number of industrial devices require electric motors to provide power. In the civil field, for example, water pump motors for city water supply, various compressors for household appliances, fans, electric tools, etc., electric motors are required to convert electric energy into mechanical energy.
Motors can be classified into direct current motors, asynchronous motors and synchronous motors according to their operating principles. Although the working principle of the motor is different, the basic structure of the motor is different, and the motor is generally divided into a shell, a rotating shaft, a bearing, an end cover, a winding, an iron core and the like. The motor winding is a combination of one phase or the whole electromagnetic circuit formed by coil groups; the coil group is formed by connecting one or more coils in series. Therefore, the coil is the basic element of the motor winding and is also formed by winding an insulated wire (a wire with a circular or rectangular cross section) according to a certain shape. The coil may be one turn or may be wound with hundreds or thousands of turns, and the number of turns depends on the power supply voltage and the parameters of the electromagnetic part of the motor, and is determined by calculation. The shape of the coil of the electric motor is various, but its basic structure is made up of three parts, namely the straight line part imbedding in the core slot is called the effective side, and a coil has two effective sides, it is the effective part to produce electromagnetic energy conversion; the part connecting the two effective edges is positioned outside the slots at the two ends of the iron core after the coil is embedded, called the coil end part, which is an essential part for the coil to form but can not be used for energy conversion; the lead wire is a head wire end and a tail wire end after the coil is wound, and is also a connection point for leading the current of the coil.
The asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, mature technology, stability and reliability, and is widely used in various fields of national economy. Along with the improvement of the demand, the motor also passes through a plurality of rounds of seriation designs, and the more representative motors comprise a Y series low-voltage asynchronous motor and a YKK series high-voltage asynchronous motor. The motor is upgraded and updated, and a Y2 series asynchronous motor with higher efficiency is provided. However, with the development of energy conservation and emission reduction, the adoption of a motor with a higher energy efficiency grade becomes a consensus of the whole industry. From the initial IE2 level energy efficiency, to the later IE3 level energy efficiency and IE4 level energy efficiency, the highest energy efficiency class of motors has developed today to IE5 level energy efficiency. A large number of low-efficiency old motors accumulated in various industries in the development process cannot meet the latest energy efficiency requirement. Therefore, promoting enterprises to upgrade and reform the energy efficiency of old motors is imperative. The common method is that enterprises directly purchase high-efficiency motors, but large motor equipment is often high in monomer price, so that the energy efficiency upgrading cost of the motors is high.
Aiming at the current situation, a technical route for remanufacturing a high-efficiency motor is provided in the industry. The remanufacturing is to utilize partial raw materials of the old motor, update partial materials influencing efficiency, perform secondary processing, and enable the remanufactured old low-efficiency motor to achieve high energy conversion efficiency, so that the energy efficiency level of the motor is improved with low cost, the aim of energy conservation and emission reduction is achieved, and meanwhile, the difficulty and resistance of energy conservation, upgrading and reconstruction of enterprises are reduced.
During the remanufacturing of the motor, the stator and the winding of the old motor are usually required to be removed, and the new iron core material or the winding is replaced, and the removed copper winding and the old iron core material can be sold for a second time to benefit.
Except that the high-efficient refabrication of motor, the phenomenon that traditional asynchronous machine appears insulation system and damages and lead to the winding to burn out in the use also can often take place, needs maintain the motor this moment, also needs demolish motor winding when maintaining the motor usually. After the motor winding is finished in the off-line process, the paint dipping and drying processes are carried out, so that the motor winding is high in structural strength and difficult to directly remove. For this reason, two removal routes have been designed in the industry for the problem of motor winding removal, one being a cold removal route and the other being a hot removal route. The two dismantling routes correspond to four dismantling methods, one of which is a cold dismantling method, namely violent dismantling; secondly, thermal disassembly is carried out by using a method of open fire; thirdly, thermal disassembly is carried out by using an oven heating method; and fourthly, low-voltage electric type thermal disassembly. The four common process methods have the defects respectively, generally speaking, the dismounting efficiency is low, at least 5-6 hours are needed, the cleanliness of the surface of the dismounted stator core is difficult to ensure, the cleaning treatment process of the dismounted residues is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the overall dismounting efficiency is influenced.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a motor winding disassembling method and a heating coil used by the same, which are used for solving the problems that the motor winding disassembling efficiency is low and the surface cleanliness of a disassembled stator core is low in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
on one hand, the application provides a motor winding disassembling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: disassembling a motor to obtain an iron core winding assembly, wherein the iron core winding assembly comprises a stator iron core and a winding which is embedded and wound on the stator iron core, and the winding comprises a plurality of turns of coils;
s2: installing a heating coil in an inner cavity of the stator core, wherein the heating coil is a spiral coil matched with the inner cavity and is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity;
s3: the heating coil is connected with a power supply, the iron core winding assembly generates induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction of the heating coil, so that eddy current heating of the iron core winding assembly is realized, and the temperature of the iron core winding assembly is monitored in the heating process;
s4: when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches a target temperature, mechanically shearing one end of the iron core winding assembly to obtain the iron core winding assembly with one intact coil and the other end forming a cutting fracture;
s5: dividing the winding into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the iron core winding assembly, and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups;
s6: and pulling out the coil groups one by one from the end part of the iron core winding assembly which is not mechanically sheared.
Further, in step S3, the power supply is an ac power supply, the heating coil is connected to the power supply to generate a high-frequency current, the heating coil extends spirally along a cavity wall of an inner cavity of the stator core, and the heating coil generates an induced current in a coil of the winding and in the stator core, respectively.
Further, in step S3, the temperature of the core winding assembly is monitored in real time by using a thermal sensor or a laser thermometer.
Further, in step S4, the target temperature is determined by a softening temperature of the insulating material on the winding surface.
Furthermore, when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches the target temperature, the heating coil is taken out of the stator iron core, and then one end of the iron core winding assembly is mechanically sheared.
Furthermore, the stator core is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, a plurality of stator slots are formed in the stator core, coils are embedded in the stator slots, and a plurality of turns of coils are wound on the stator core; the stator core is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, and the first end and the second end form the surrounding ends of the coil respectively.
Further, in step S4, mechanically shearing the coil wound on the first end of the stator core, where the mechanical shearing includes cutting along a radial plane of the stator core by using hydraulic pliers, and after the cutting is completed, forming a cutting fracture around the coil wound on the first end of the stator core.
Further, in step S5, dividing the coils wound around the second end of the stator core into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the core winding assembly; and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups along the axial direction of the iron core winding assembly.
Further, in step S6, the coils wound around the second end of the stator core are divided into a plurality of coil groups, and the coil groups are pulled out from the stator core by a hydraulic puller.
Further, the heating time for heating the iron core winding assembly by the eddy current is related to the power of the power supply and the volume of the iron core winding assembly.
On the other hand, the application also provides a heating coil used for the motor winding disassembling method, and the heating coil realizes eddy current heating on the winding and the stator core of the motor after being electrified.
Further, the heating coil is a spiral coil matched with the stator core, and the heating coil is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the stator core; the heating coil has a terminal for connecting a power source.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
steps S4 and S5 in the motor winding disassembling method provided by the present application show double-sided cutting of the winding coil, and step S6 shows single-sided drawing of the winding coil after double-sided cutting. The method for double-side cutting and single-side drawing greatly improves the disassembly efficiency of the motor winding. Further, eddy current is adopted to heat the stator core and the winding in the motor winding disassembling method, so that the winding and the stator core are sufficiently heated, and insulating materials such as insulating paint, insulating paper and the like are effectively and uniformly heated and softened, therefore, the surface cleanliness of the stator core obtained by adopting the drawing method is high, residual insulating paint nodules and insulating material scraps are less, and only the surface of the stator core needs to be simply cleaned after disassembly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. It should be understood that the specific shapes, configurations, shown in the drawings, are not generally considered limitations on the practice of the present application; for example, it is within the ability of those skilled in the art to make routine adjustments or further optimizations based on the technical concepts disclosed in the present application and the exemplary drawings, for the increase/decrease/attribution of certain units (components), specific shapes, positional relationships, connection manners, dimensional ratios, and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of mechanical shearing of a winding coil at one end of a core winding assembly in one embodiment, shown in an axial cross-sectional view, schematically illustrating the assembled structure of the core winding assembly of an electric machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a group cut on the other end of the core winding assembly;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating coil provided by the present application in one embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a motor shaft; 2. a rotor core; 3. a stator core; 4. a winding; 5. and (4) heating the coil.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present application: "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. The terms "first", "second", "third", and the like in this application are intended to distinguish one referenced item from another without having a special meaning in technical connotation (e.g., should not be construed as emphasizing a degree or order of importance, etc.). The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like, are intended to be inclusive and mean "not limited to" (some elements, components, materials, steps, etc.).
In the present application, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are usually used for the purpose of visual understanding with reference to the drawings, and are not intended to be an absolute limitation of the positional relationship in an actual product. Changes in these relative positional relationships are also considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure without departing from the technical concepts disclosed in the present disclosure.
In the process of motor transformation and during motor maintenance, the stator and the winding of an old motor need to be dismantled, but the existing motor winding dismantling method has a plurality of defects. Generally, the disassembly and assembly efficiency is low, at least 5-6 hours are needed, and the surface of the cleaned stator core is difficult to ensure the cleanliness.
The present application will now provide several methods of motor winding disassembly.
The cold disassembling method, namely violent disassembling, comprises the following operation steps:
1. the stator core slot wedge is broken from the middle by a blade;
2. if the broken slot wedge is an open slot, the coil can be directly pulled out; if the broken slot wedge is a closed slot or a semi-closed slot, the terminating part of the coil can be cut off one by using a diagonal pliers, and the wires are clamped by the pliers from the other end and pulled out one by one; or, the stator is placed stably by a proper chisel, one plane of the action surface of the chisel is attached to the end surface of the stator core slot, the chisel is knocked by a hammer to cut the coil sides of the windings, a copper bar with proper shape is used for ejecting the coils in the slot one by one, and the other end of the conducting wire is clamped by a pliers and pulled out one by one.
The cold disassembling method is suitable for small and medium-sized motors, has the advantages of simple method and small tool dependence, can be operated by one person by using a simple tool, and can clean the iron core slot easily after the winding is disassembled by using the method. The stator core electromagnetic properties do not change because it does not involve a heating process. The method has the defects that the method is not suitable for medium and large motors with high structural strength of motor windings, is low in cold disassembling efficiency, wastes time and labor, is easy to damage stator cores, and can be completed only through destructive disassembling.
Secondly, carrying out thermal disassembly by using an open fire heating method, comprising the following operation steps:
1. directly heating the end part of the motor winding and the inner part of the stator core slot by open fire, such as oil pouring ignition, flame injection and the like;
2. heating the winding and the insulating paint by open fire until the winding and the insulating paint are softened, and taking out the winding copper wire from the groove by a mechanical shearing and drawing method.
The shearing and drawing process in the step 2 is to integrally cut off the end part of one side of the winding, then integrally draw the end part of the winding on the other side by using a drawing machine, or completely destroy the connection of the end parts of the winding, and then draw the winding in each groove one by one.
When the motor is burnt out and maintained, the motor winding can be disassembled by using the disassembling method, and the disassembling method has the advantages of relatively simple operation and higher winding disassembling efficiency; but the defects are also obvious, the surface of the iron core has ablation traces after being baked by open fire, the iron core is not beautiful, the risk of damaging the electromagnetic performance of the silicon steel sheet exists, and the efficiency of the motor can be reduced.
Thirdly, thermal disassembly is carried out by using an oven heating method, and the method comprises the following operation steps:
and heating the stator core and the winding of the motor by using an oven, and mechanically disassembling after the insulating paint on the motor is softened after the temperature is heated to 100-150 ℃ for more than 2-3 hours. The mechanical disassembly process involves mechanical shearing and pulling in order to remove the winding copper wire from the slot.
The mechanical shearing and drawing process in the method comprises the steps of integrally cutting off the end part of one side of the winding, then integrally drawing the end part of the winding on the other side by using a drawing machine, or completely destroying the connection of the end parts of the winding, and then drawing the winding in each groove one by one.
The disassembling method has the advantages that open fire heating is avoided, the iron core and the copper wire are attractive after being disassembled, the electromagnetic performance of the silicon steel sheet cannot be damaged, and the disassembling method can be used in a scene of re-inserting the motor during maintenance.
The disassembling method has the disadvantages of higher dependence on equipment, larger heating oven, long heating time and higher energy consumption, and is more suitable for small and medium-sized motors.
And fourthly, low-voltage electric type thermal disassembly, wherein an electric heating method is mainly adopted to heat the motor winding and the stator core.
In one example of disassembly, the following steps may be included: and electrifying the three-phase winding of the stator by using a three-phase voltage regulator, controlling the introduced current to be about 1.8 times of the rated current, and removing the stator after the winding heats to soften the insulator.
In another example of disassembly, the following steps may be included: the triangular connection of the coil is changed into star connection, 380V voltage is intermittently introduced to heat the coil, and the coil can be detached after the winding generates heat to soften the insulator.
In yet another example of disassembly, the following steps may be included: three-phase windings are connected in series to form an open triangle, heating is carried out discontinuously through 220V voltage, and the three-phase windings can be detached after the windings generate heat to soften the insulator.
The electrifying heating method is suitable for removing the motor winding with larger capacity, the temperature is easy to control, but a power supply device with enough capacity is needed, if the power supply capacity is not enough, a step-down transformer with 220V, 3-10A or 380V, 12-16A can be used, and an alternating current or direct current arc welding machine can be used for firstly heating one group or one coil, heating and removing the coil.
Although the four motor winding disassembling methods have advantages, the disassembling efficiency is not high on the whole, and particularly in the mechanical disassembling process after heating, the jumper wires at the winding end parts on two sides of the stator core winding assembly need to be firstly cut off, then the copper wires at the straight line part in the slot are manually or mechanically pulled out, and finally the insulating varnish and the insulating scraps are manually cleaned in the slot and on the surface of the core. Taking a relatively common Y-series asynchronous motor with a 250-base number as an example, it is estimated that at least 5-6 hours are required for completely removing a motor winding, wherein 2-3 hours are required for a heating process, and 3-4 hours are required for cutting the winding and cleaning residues in a slot. After the disassembling processes, the cleaned surface of the stator core is difficult to ensure the cleanliness, and after the winding is disassembled, a large amount of insulating paint, insulating paper scraps and insulating paint lumps solidified to the surface of the core can exist on the surface of the stator core and the inner surface of the slot (mainly due to the fact that the insulating paint and the insulating scraps are solidified and remained due to uneven heating).
Therefore, when a large amount of old and low-efficiency motors are remanufactured or maintained, the motor windings are disassembled inefficiently, and the corresponding post-treatment processes of disassembling, cleaning and the like under different disassembling methods are time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the motors are re-transformed and the motor maintenance work efficiency is not high.
The method aims at the problems that the winding heating efficiency is low, the heating temperature distribution is not uniform, and the winding disassembling residues are difficult to clean. The application provides a method for disassembling a motor winding by using eddy current heating, wherein a heating method adopting an eddy current heating principle and a winding disassembling method adopting end cutting and grouping drawing are adopted in the disassembling method.
The following will describe the motor winding disassembling method provided by the present application in detail.
The motor winding disassembling method basically comprises the following 6 steps:
s1: disassembling the motor to obtain an iron core winding assembly, wherein the iron core winding assembly comprises a stator iron core 3 and a winding 4 embedded and wound on the stator iron core 3, and the winding 4 comprises a plurality of turns of coils (the coils forming the winding can be called winding coils);
s2: a heating coil 5 (also called as an eddy current coil) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stator core 3, the heating coil 5 is a spiral coil matched with the inner cavity, and the heating coil 5 is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity;
s3: the heating coil 5 is connected with a power supply, the iron core winding assembly generates induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction of the heating coil 5, so that eddy current heating of the iron core winding assembly is realized, and the temperature of the iron core winding assembly is monitored in the heating process;
s4: when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches the target temperature, mechanically shearing one end of the iron core winding assembly to obtain the iron core winding assembly with one intact coil and the other end forming a cutting fracture;
s5: dividing the winding into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the iron core winding assembly, and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups;
s6: the plurality of coil groups are pulled out one by one from the end of the core winding assembly that is not mechanically sheared.
In the step S1, the step of disassembling the motor to obtain the iron core winding assembly includes disassembling the end cover, the housing, the rotating shaft, the junction box and other accessory components of the motor, and finally only retaining the iron core winding assembly.
Since the heating coil 5 is required in step S2, the heating coil 5 adapted to the structure of the stator core 3 of the motor to be disassembled needs to be manufactured before step S2 is performed. After the manufacturing is completed, the manufactured eddy current coil needs to be placed in the inner cavity of the stator core 3, the eddy current coil is attached to the inner surface of the inner cavity of the stator core 3, a high-frequency power supply is conducted with the eddy current coil, and wiring and preparation work are completed.
Based on this, the present application also provides a heating coil 5 for the motor winding disassembling method, and referring to fig. 3, the heating coil 5 can realize eddy current heating of the winding and the stator core 3 of the motor after being electrified. The heating coil 5 is a spiral coil matched with the stator core 3, and the heating coil 5 is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the stator core 3; the heating coil 5 has a terminal for connecting a power source.
The power used in step S3 is a high-frequency ac power, the heating coil 5 is connected to the power to generate a low-voltage high-frequency current, and the heating coil 5 extends spirally along the inner cavity wall of the stator core 3. Because the eddy current coil is close to with the winding coil along 3 inner chamber walls of stator core, according to the electromagnetic induction principle, it can be in winding coil and stator core 3 internal induction electric current, owing to adopted high frequency power signal, therefore the real-time eddy current who produces heats power very big. Compared with an open fire heating method, an oven heating method and a low-voltage heating method, the eddy current heating method provided by the application greatly improves the heating efficiency of the motor winding.
The inventor finds through practical tests that the motor stator winding coil can be heated to more than 100 ℃ in less than 1 minute by adopting a high-power low-voltage high-frequency eddy current heating method, and because heat is spontaneously generated from the inside of the motor stator winding coil and the stator core 3 instead of being conducted through external heat, the temperature distribution of the motor stator core 3 and the winding 4 is uniform, thereby providing convenience for subsequent winding disassembly and insulating material cleaning.
In an embodiment, in step S3, the temperature of the iron core winding assembly may be monitored in real time by using a temperature monitoring device such as a thermal sensor or a laser thermometer, so as to avoid an excessively high heating temperature and save energy and heating time. The temperature monitoring device can also be a temperature detector, a thermal imager and the like. Because the temperature monitoring device has developed comparatively ripe, any device that can realize temperature real-time supervision all can be used for carrying out the temperature measurement to the motor winding of this application, therefore this application no longer lists one by one.
The inventors have found in practice that the length of heating time for eddy current heating of the core winding assembly is related to the power of the power supply and the volume of the core winding assembly. When the stator core 3 and the in-slot winding are heated by using a high-frequency power supply, the core winding assembly can be heated to the target temperature within 1-2 minutes generally.
The following is a description of the calculation of the heating power and heating time of the eddy current heating method provided in the present application.
Let heating time be T (unit: sec), heating power be Pt (unit: kw), workpiece initial temperature: t1 (unit:. degree. C.), temperature after heating of the workpiece: t2 (unit:. degree. C.), and the mass of the work: m (unit: kg), work specific heat capacity (average): c (unit: kJ/(kg. multidot. K)).
Known power to energy conversion methods: 1kwh =3600kJ =1kJ/s, specific heat capacity of steel: 0.46X 10 3 J/(kg·℃)。
The heat quantity required for heating a workpiece with the mass m (calculated according to steel) from the ambient temperature t1 to the target temperature t2 is recorded as Q, and according to the basic information of the workpiece and the target heating temperature, the heating power can be obtained through the following calculation steps:
step 1: calculating to obtain the heat quantity required by heating: q = C × m × (t 2-t 1);
step 2: the heat required for heating comes completely from eddy current heating, and it can be known that: q = Pt × T.
The heating time is shorter as the heating power is higher; by integrating the two formulas in step 1 and step 2, the following formula can be obtained: t = (C × m × (T2-T1))/Pt.
Examples are as follows:
according to the eddy current heating method provided by the application, if 100kg of the stator core is heated to 120 ℃, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the heating power is 50kw, and the specific heat capacity of the steel is 0.46 kJ/(kg. ℃), the target heating time length is calculated as follows:
1. heat required for heating =0.46 kJ/(kg. ℃ C.). times.100 kg × (120 ℃ C.) =4600 kJ;
2. the time required for heating =4600kJ/(50kJ/s) =92 seconds.
Therefore, according to the eddy current heating method provided by the application, if the 100kg stator core is heated to 120 ℃, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the heating power is 50kw, and only 92 seconds are needed. The eddy current heating method can rapidly heat and improve the heating efficiency of the motor winding.
In step S4, the target temperature of the core winding assembly is the target heating temperature, which is determined by the softening temperature of the insulating material on the winding surface. When the winding and the stator core 3 are fully heated, and the insulation materials such as insulation paint, insulation paper and the like on the surface of the winding are effectively and uniformly heated and softened, the surface cleanliness of the stator core 3 obtained by adopting the drawing method is better, the residual insulation paint lumps and insulation material scraps are less, the cleaning workload is small after the motor is disassembled, and the cleaning efficiency is high.
In one embodiment, when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches the target temperature, the heating coil 5 is taken out of the stator core 3, and then one end of the iron core winding assembly is mechanically sheared.
In one embodiment, the stator core 3 is a cylindrical barrel structure with two open ends, a plurality of stator slots are formed on the stator core 3, coils are embedded in the stator slots, and a plurality of turns of coils surround the stator core 3. The stator core 3 has first and second ends disposed oppositely, the first and second ends forming the surrounding ends of the coil, respectively. In the embodiment, the two ends of the stator core 3 are named respectively to assist the positioning of the cutting and drawing positions in the subsequent cutting and drawing processes.
In one embodiment, the step S4 is to mechanically cut the coil wound on the first end of the stator core 3. The mechanical shearing method may be cutting along the radial plane of the stator core 3 by using hydraulic pliers, and after the cutting is completed, forming a cutting fracture by winding a coil arranged at the first end of the stator core 3. Referring to fig. 1, the winding end portion of the annular crown structure, the winding with the residual in-slot linear structure and the right-side crown structure can be obtained by integrally shearing the left-side structure of the winding end portion along the straight line a shown in fig. 1 by using hydraulic pliers.
In the above step S5, the coils wound around the second end of the stator core 3 are divided into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the core winding assembly; the crossover connecting position between the two adjacent coil groups is cut off along the axial direction of the iron core winding assembly, so that the two adjacent coil groups are independent from each other and are not adhered, and the two coil groups are not involved in the subsequent drawing process. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, and to the portion in the dashed box on the right in fig. 1 and the 6 winding radial cutting lines B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6 in fig. 2, the coils of the right winding end are cut into groups of 6 end winding units, and the 6 end winding units can be referred to as 6 coil groups. In fig. 2, the winding structure of a 24-slot asynchronous motor of a certain type is shown as an example, and in actual conditions, the number of slots of different motors around a column is different, and the motors can be cut in groups as appropriate according to actual disassembly conditions.
In step S6, after the coils wound around the second end of the stator core 3 are divided into a plurality of coil groups, the coil groups are pulled out from the stator core 3 by the hydraulic drawing machine. After the winding coils are divided into groups in step S5, the right end of the winding is divided into different coil groups (one coil group is a drawing unit), and the coil groups are pulled by hydraulic tongs, so that the straight portions in the stator slots and the right end structure are pulled out entirely from the right side by hydraulic force. Due to the fact that the enameled wire and the insulating material are soft after the step S4 of fully heating, and the temperature of the stator core 3 is high, the adhesive force between the insulating varnish and the stator core 3 is greatly reduced, and therefore in the drawing process, the motor winding can be drawn out of the stator slot in the form of an integral structure of 'insulating paper + enameled wire + insulating varnish', and therefore the winding copper wire and the stator core 3 are separated. After the 6 steps, the motor winding is basically disassembled, and the surface of the stator core 3 is simply cleaned.
As can be seen from the above, steps S4 and S5 in the motor winding disassembling method provided by the present application show double-sided cutting of the winding coil, and step S6 shows single-sided drawing of the winding coil after double-sided cutting. The method for double-side cutting and single-side drawing greatly improves the disassembly efficiency of the motor winding. Furthermore, the stator core and the winding which are heated by the eddy current are adopted in the motor winding disassembling method, so that the winding and the stator core are sufficiently heated, and insulating materials such as insulating paint, insulating paper and the like are effectively and uniformly heated and softened, so that the surface cleanliness of the stator core obtained by the drawing method is good, and residual insulating paint nodules and insulating material scraps are less.
In conclusion, the method of eddy current heating and double-side cutting and single-side drawing is adopted, the motor winding disassembling efficiency is greatly improved, more importantly, the surface cleanliness of the stator core after winding disassembling is high, and the stator core surface can be simply cleaned after disassembling. No matter in the scene of damaged motor maintenance or high-efficiency remanufacturing of old motors, the disassembling method can greatly improve the working efficiency, improve the quality of remanufactured motors and reduce the potential damage risk of residual scraps on the surfaces of iron cores to insulating paper and new windings.
Compared with the cold disassembling method, the hot disassembling by using the open fire method, the hot disassembling by using the oven heating method and the low-voltage type hot disassembling method, the motor winding disassembling method by using the eddy current heating and the double-side cutting single-side drawing method provided by the application has the following differences:
1. the heating principle and the heating effect of the iron core winding assembly are different. The method adopts the eddy current heating method to perform induction spontaneous heating on the stator core and the winding copper wire, the heating efficiency is high, and the heating is uniform. Compared with open fire heating, oven heating and direct power line electric heating, the heating efficiency and the heating effect are both obviously improved.
2. The mechanical dismantling of the heated winding is performed in different ways. The application provides a mechanical disassembling method of tip grouping cutting, grouping drawing, can avoid disassembling the in-process to the destruction of stator core tip towards the piece, can guarantee stator core's integrality in the at utmost.
3. The heating heat is by the inside spontaneous generation of motor winding coil and stator core, need not be through external heat conduction, so the temperature distribution of motor stator core and winding is even, follow-up winding is disassembled the in-process and can be drawn out the stator slot with the overall structure form of "insulated paper + enameled wire + insulated paint" with motor winding, it is effectual to disassemble the clearance, lead to mechanical remaining insulating debris after drawing to reduce by a wide margin, consequently, manual clearance process obtains simplifying by a wide margin, stator core after disassembling can directly get into the refabrication or the process of inserting the line again.
Therefore, the motor winding disassembling method adopting the eddy current heating and the double-side cutting and single-side drawing method has the following advantages:
1. the heating speed of the stator core and the winding copper wire is greatly increased and reduced from several hours to 1-2 minutes, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
2. The heating effect of stator core and winding copper line is better, and the heating is more even, draws and remains insulating material clearance to subsequent winding machinery and provides convenience.
3. Compared with open fire heating and oven heating, the whole process can not generate harmful gas, and is more environment-friendly.
4. The method of winding end part grouping cutting and grouping drawing can reduce the damage probability of the stator core end part punching sheet, improve the integrity of the disassembled core and provide convenience for later motor remanufacturing and coil inserting again.
All the technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined (as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features), and for brevity of description, all the possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described; these examples, which are not explicitly described, should be considered to be within the scope of the present description.
The present application has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments and examples thereof. It should be understood that several general adaptations or further innovations of these specific embodiments can also be made based on the technical idea of the present application; however, such conventional modifications and further innovations may also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application as long as they do not depart from the technical idea of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A motor winding disassembling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: disassembling a motor to obtain an iron core winding assembly, wherein the iron core winding assembly comprises a stator iron core and a winding which is embedded and wound on the stator iron core, and the winding comprises a plurality of turns of coils;
s2: installing a heating coil in an inner cavity of the stator core, wherein the heating coil is a spiral coil matched with the inner cavity and is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity;
s3: the heating coil is connected with a power supply, and the iron core winding assembly generates induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction of the heating coil, so that eddy current heating of the iron core winding assembly is realized; monitoring the temperature of the iron core winding assembly in the heating process;
s4: when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches a target temperature, mechanically shearing one end of the iron core winding assembly to obtain the iron core winding assembly with one intact coil and the other end forming a cutting fracture;
s5: dividing the winding into a plurality of coil groups in the radial direction of the iron core winding assembly, and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups;
s6: and pulling out the coil groups one by one from the end part of the iron core winding assembly which is not mechanically sheared.
2. The method for disassembling winding of motor according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the power source is ac power source, the heating coil generates high frequency current after being connected to the power source, the heating coil extends spirally along the inner cavity wall of the stator core, and the heating coil generates induced current in the winding coil and in the stator core, respectively.
3. The motor winding disassembling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S3, the temperature of the core winding assembly is monitored in real time using a thermal sensor or a laser thermometer.
4. The method for disassembling a winding of an electric machine according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the target temperature is determined by a softening temperature of an insulating material of the winding surface;
and when the temperature of the iron core winding assembly reaches the target temperature, taking the heating coil out of the stator iron core, and mechanically shearing one end of the iron core winding assembly.
5. The method for disassembling the motor winding according to claim 1, wherein the stator core is a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, a plurality of stator slots are formed in the stator core, coils are embedded in the stator slots, and a plurality of turns of coils are wound around the stator core; the stator core is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, and the first end and the second end form the surrounding ends of the coil respectively;
in step S4, performing mechanical shearing on the coil wound on the first end of the stator core, where the mechanical shearing includes cutting along a radial plane of the stator core by using hydraulic tongs, and after the cutting is completed, forming a cutting fracture around the coil wound on the first end of the stator core.
6. The motor winding disassembling method according to claim 5, wherein in step S5, coils wound around the second end of the stator core are divided into a plurality of coil groups in a radial direction of the core winding assembly; and cutting off the crossover connection between two adjacent coil groups along the axial direction of the iron core winding assembly.
7. The motor winding disassembling method according to claim 6, wherein in step S6, the coils wound around the second end of the stator core are divided into a plurality of coil groups, and the coil groups are pulled out of the stator core by a hydraulic puller.
8. The method for disassembling the winding of the motor according to claim 1, wherein the heating time period for performing the eddy current heating on the core winding assembly is related to the power of the power supply and the volume of the core winding assembly.
9. A heating coil used in the method for disassembling the motor winding according to claim 1, wherein the heating coil performs eddy current heating on the winding and the stator core of the motor after being electrified;
the heating coil is a spiral coil matched with the stator core, and is attached to the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the stator core;
the heating coil has a terminal for connecting a power source.
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Application publication date: 20220923 |