CN115101280A - High-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, preparation method thereof and cylindrical magnetic block made of neodymium iron boron magnet - Google Patents

High-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, preparation method thereof and cylindrical magnetic block made of neodymium iron boron magnet Download PDF

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CN115101280A
CN115101280A CN202210883449.1A CN202210883449A CN115101280A CN 115101280 A CN115101280 A CN 115101280A CN 202210883449 A CN202210883449 A CN 202210883449A CN 115101280 A CN115101280 A CN 115101280A
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wear
terbium
neodymium iron
iron boron
broken
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CN115101280B (en
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罗凯航
喻刚龙
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Ningbo Dajinhua Magnetic Material Co ltd
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Ningbo Dajinhua Magnetic Material Co ltd
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    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
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    • H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
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    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wear-resistant magnet preparation, and particularly discloses a high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, a preparation method thereof and a cylindrical magnet made of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The application discloses terbium neodymium iron boron magnetism body is broken to high wear-resisting hydrogen, including base member and wearing layer, the wearing layer cladding is on the base member, and the base member includes following component: praseodymium-neodymium alloy, copper, zirconium, cobalt, niobium, aluminum, gallium, terbium and boron, the balance being iron, the wear-resistant layer being formed by wear-resistant paint; the preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting the raw materials to obtain quick-setting tablets; making the quick-setting tablet into micropowder; mixing the micro powder with a magnetic powder protective agent to obtain mixed powder; pressing the mixed powder into a green body; pressing the green body; carrying out vacuum sintering and tempering treatment on the pressed green body to obtain a blank; carrying out post-treatment on the blank to obtain a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet; and coating a wear-resistant layer on the magnet to obtain the magnet. The high-wear-resistance wear-resistant layer of the hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet is good in hardness, small in friction coefficient of the smooth layer and good in wear resistance.

Description

High-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, preparation method thereof and cylindrical magnetic block made of neodymium iron boron magnet
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wear-resistant magnet preparation, in particular to a high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, a preparation method thereof and a cylindrical magnetic block made of the neodymium iron boron magnet.
Background
In recent years, as the market price of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is continuously reduced, a higher cost performance ratio is shown, and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet becomes an ideal material for manufacturing a magnetic functional device with high efficiency, small volume and light weight. The magnet material used for magnetic attachment at home and abroad at present is usually 3 rd generation rare earth neodymium iron boron N48 or N50. Based on the excellent remanence and coercive force of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet is widely applied to more fields of medical instruments, automobiles, aviation, hardware and electrical appliances and the like.
At present, the application of neodymium iron boron magnetism body is comparatively extensive, uses the neodymium iron boron magnetism body in the hoist, and the hoist utilizes magnetic force to iron plate, just wait adsorbable object and attracts, and neodymium iron boron magnetism body in the hoist can rub with other substrates in the hoist to produce the condition of wearing and tearing, and then lead to the condition that the neodymium iron boron magnetism body appears warping.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the durability of the neodymium iron boron magnet, the application provides a high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, a preparation method thereof and a cylindrical magnetic block made of the neodymium iron boron magnet.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, which adopts the following technical scheme: the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet is characterized by comprising a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is coated on the base body, and the base body comprises the following components in percentage by weight: praseodymium-neodymium alloy 2029-29%, 0-2% of copper, 0-2% of zirconium, 0-2% of cobalt, 0-2% of niobium, 0-2% of aluminum, 0-2% of gallium, 1-5% of terbium, 0.8-1.5% of boron and the balance of Fe, wherein the wear-resistant layer is formed by a wear-resistant coating which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-8 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of hexagonal boron nitride and 3-5 parts of reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is AlMgB 14 At least two of sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wear-resistant layer is coated outside the magnet, so that the wear condition of the magnet caused by friction is convenient to reduce, the hardness of silicon carbide and hexagonal boron nitride in the wear-resistant coating is high, the oxidation resistance is good, the formed wear-resistant layer has better compactness, the oxidation or corrosion condition of the magnet is convenient to reduce, the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is convenient to further improve by adding the reinforcing agent, the damage condition of the magnet is further reduced, and meanwhile, the magnetic shielding effect on the magnet is reduced.
Preferably, the reinforcing agent is composed of AlMgB 14 The composite material consists of sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber in the weight ratio of (3-4) to (1-2) to (5-6).
By adopting the technical scheme, the reinforcing agent is composed of AlMgB 14 The aluminum silicate fiber is added to form a net structure in the wear-resistant layer, and the sodium fluoroaluminate forms a film in gaps of the net structure, so that the AlMgB is enhanced 14 Stability in the mesh, thereby facilitating further increase in hardness of the wear resistant layer.
Preferably, the hexagonal boron nitride is nickel-coated hexagonal boron nitride.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hexagonal boron nitride is better in wettability with the metal matrix after being coated by the nickel, meanwhile, the interface bonding strength of the hexagonal boron nitride and the metal matrix is high, meanwhile, the particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride after being coated by the nickel is larger, and the problem of segregation is not easy to occur in the material mixing process.
Preferably, the silicon carbide is a silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material wraps the fibrous silicon nitride on the outer layer of the silicon carbide, so that the hardness and the oxidation resistance of the silicon carbide are improved, the hardness and the oxidation resistance of the wear-resistant layer are further improved, and the wear condition of an external base material to a magnet is reduced.
Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is coated with a smooth layer, the smooth layer is formed by a smooth coating, and the smooth coating mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of titanium carbide, 30-40% of tungsten carbide, 10-20% of molybdenum disulfide and 5-10% of nano diamond.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wear-resistant layer is coated outside the magnet, the smooth layer is coated outside the wear-resistant layer, the friction coefficient of the smooth layer is small, the contact of a sharp base material to the smooth layer is convenient to reduce, when the smooth layer is damaged, the magnet is further protected by the wear-resistant layer inside the magnet, the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is high, and the wear-resistant layer is not easy to wear; the addition of titanium carbide, tungsten carbide is convenient for improve the hardness of smooth layer to cooperate jointly with the wearing layer, improve the wearability of magnet, molybdenum disulfide's addition is convenient for make smooth layer have the lubricity, plays initial antifriction effect, and the addition of nano diamond is convenient for when smooth layer receives the friction, changes into graphite into, thereby makes smooth layer have the effect of wearing and tearing more lubricated more.
Preferably, the molybdenum disulfide is modified molybdenum disulfide, and the modified molybdenum disulfide is nickel-coated molybdenum disulfide.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the outer cladding nanometer nickel of molybdenum disulfide, when the high energy ball-milling, nanometer nickel deepens to the inside flocculent aggregate that forms of molybdenum disulfide granule and mixes, and nanometer nickel bonds the molybdenum disulfide granule, improves the density on smooth layer.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting: smelting the raw materials to obtain quick-setting tablets; the thickness of the quick-setting tablet is 0.2mm-0.6 mm;
(2) micro-powder: crushing the quick-setting tablet obtained in the step (1), and then preparing the quick-setting tablet into micro powder in an airflow mill; the particle size of the micro powder is 0.1-3 mm;
(3) mixing powder: mixing the micro powder obtained in the step (2) with a magnetic powder protective agent to obtain mixed powder;
(4) molding: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a green body under the protection of inert gas; pressing the packaged green body;
(5) and (3) sintering: carrying out vacuum sintering on the green compact pressed in the step (4), and then carrying out two-stage tempering treatment to obtain a blank;
(6) preparing a magnet: carrying out post-treatment on the blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet;
(7) preparing a wear-resistant layer: and (5) coating wear-resistant paint on the magnet obtained in the step (6) to form a wear-resistant layer, and thus obtaining the neodymium iron boron magnet with the surface coated with the wear-resistant layer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the addition of magnetic powder protective agent was convenient for reduce matrix material and mixes, the metal powder appeared by the condition of oxidation, and then improved the stability of metal powder in sintering process, magnet overcoat wear-resisting layer, wear-resisting layer hardness is higher, is convenient for improve the wearability of magnet, reduces the magnet because the wearing and tearing condition that the friction leads to, and then improves the durability of magnet.
Preferably, the wear-resistant layer in the step (7) is coated with a smooth layer, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, molybdenum disulfide and nano-diamond are mixed to obtain mixed powder, and the mixed powder is subjected to laser cladding.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, cladding of smooth layer is convenient for reduce the outmost coefficient of friction of magnet, improves the outmost smoothness nature of magnet, reduces the foreign matter and touches the magnet, and then reduces the damaged condition of magnet appearance, and the smooth layer is regarded as the protective layer of wearing layer simultaneously, reduces the damaged condition of wearing layer appearance, and then reduces the damaged condition of magnet appearance in the use.
Preferably, before the neodymium iron boron magnet in the step (7) is sprayed, surface degreasing and cleaning treatment are performed.
Preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet is placed into alkaline degreasing fluid, and degreasing is carried out for 5min at the temperature of 50 ℃; and then washing with deionized water, and drying with hot air. Wherein the alkaline degreasing fluid is a 3g/L aqueous solution of a metal cleaning agent HJ-W122.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, clear up the greasy dirt on neodymium iron boron magnetism body surface, be convenient for improve the clean and tidy nature on the one hand on neodymium iron boron magnetism body surface, be convenient for improve the cohesion between wearing layer and the neodymium iron boron magnetism body on the one hand to reduce the wearing layer and appear the condition that drops in the use.
Preferably, the shape of the high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet prepared by the method comprises, but is not limited to, a cylinder and a cuboid, and further preferably, the shape of the high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet prepared by the method is a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is 4-10 mm.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a cylindrical magnetic block, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the cylindrical magnetic block is prepared by the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet or the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the magnetic path of the cylinder of this application adopts the surface cladding to have the magnet of wearing layer, and then improves the wear resistance of magnet, and then improves the wear resistance of cylinder magnetic path.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the utility model provides a broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnetism body of high abrasion hydrogen comprises two parts of base member and wearing layer, the wearing layer coating is outside at the base member, the base member is magnetism neodymium iron boron base member, the cladding of wearing layer is outside at the base member, be convenient for form a protective layer, the wearing layer is formed by the wear-resistant coating, raw materials among the wear-resistant coating to with base member coercive force influence less, and simultaneously, the wearing layer hardness is higher, be convenient for reduce foreign matter and the magnetic matrix friction and the wearing and tearing condition that produces.
2. The high wear-resisting broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet of hydrogen of this application melts and covers the smooth layer outside the wearing layer, and the cladding of smooth layer is convenient for form the protective layer that is used for protecting the wearing layer outside the wearing layer, and the smooth layer is convenient for reduce the condition that foreign matter touched the wearing layer to wear and tear's the condition has appeared in the wearing layer has been delayed, and then has improved the guard action to magnetic substrate.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The preparation method of the silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material comprises the following steps: s1, mixing silicon nitride powder and silicon carbide powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1, adding a sintering aid, adding deionized water, and performing ball milling and mixing for 80min to obtain mixed slurry, wherein the sintering aid comprises 13% of Al in the total weight of the silicon nitride powder and silicon carbide powder raw materials 2 O 3 And 7% of Y 2 O 3 (ii) a S2, carrying out vacuum filtration on the mixed slurry, drying at 90 ℃, sieving, carrying out dry pressing forming under the condition of 5MPa, and carrying out isostatic pressing forming under the condition of 50MPa to obtain a mixed biscuit; s3, placing the mixed biscuit into a sintering furnace, sintering for 2 hours under the conditions of 1MPa nitrogen atmosphere and 1400 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours at 1300 ℃, and cooling to obtain the green body.
The thickness of the smoothing layer of the present application is 20 to 30 μm, and more preferably, the thickness of the smoothing layer of the present application is 20 μm.
The thickness of the wear resistant layer is 0.5-0.6mm, and more preferably, the thickness of the wear resistant layer is 0.6 mm.
The hexagonal boron nitride herein has a particle size of 2 to 5 μm.
The modified hexagonal boron nitride is nickel-coated hexagonal boron nitride composite powder, the nickel-coated hexagonal boron nitride composite powder can be sold or prepared by adopting the prior art, a hydrothermal hydrogen reduction method can be adopted for preparation, and the modification method is further preferred.
The preparation method of the smooth coating comprises the following steps: and ball-milling and mixing titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, molybdenum disulfide and nano-diamond.
The preparation method of the modified molybdenum disulfide comprises the following steps: mixing molybdenum disulfide and nano nickel according to the mass ratio of 6:4, and performing high-energy ball milling and premixing on a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 15:1, and the speed is 200 r/min. The ball milling time is 3 h. Wherein the particle size of the nano nickel is 20-60nm, and the average particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 0.5 μm.
AlMgB of the present application 14 Can be prepared in the market or by the prior art, and the AlMgB of the application 14 Commercially available ones are used.
Optionally, the shape of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet prepared by the method includes, but is not limited to, a cylinder and a cuboid, and further optionally, the shape of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet prepared by the method is a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is 4-10 mm.
Preparation example of substrate
Preparation example 1
The matrix of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of praseodymium-neodymium alloy, 1% of terbium, 0.8% of boron and 78.2% of iron.
Preparation example 2
The matrix of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 22% of praseodymium-neodymium alloy, 1% of copper, 1% of zirconium, 1% of cobalt, 1% of niobium, 1% of aluminum, 1% of gallium, 3% of terbium, 1.2% of boron and 67.8% of iron.
Preparation example 3
The matrix of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 29% of praseodymium-neodymium alloy, 2% of copper, 2% of zirconium, 2% of cobalt, 2% of niobium, 2% of aluminum, 2% of gallium, 5% of terbium, 1.5% of boron and 52.5% of iron.
Preparation of abrasion resistant coating
Preparation example 4
The wear-resistant coating of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70g of aluminum oxide, 3g of silicon carbide, 10g of hexagonal boron nitride and 3g of reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is AlMgB 14 And sodium fluoroaluminate in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Preparation example 5
The wear-resistant coating of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80g of alumina, 8g of silicon carbide and 15g of hexagonal boron nitride5g of strengthening agent, and the strengthening agent is AlMgB 14 And sodium fluoroaluminate in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Preparation example 6
The wear-resistant coating of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75g of aluminum oxide, 5g of silicon carbide, 13g of hexagonal boron nitride and 4g of reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is AlMgB 14 And sodium fluoroaluminate in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Preparation example 7
The difference between this preparation and preparation 6 is that: the reinforcing agent is composed of AlMgB 14 Sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber in a mass ratio of 3:1:5, and the rest is completely the same as in preparation example 6.
Preparation example 8
The difference between this preparation and preparation 6 is that: the reinforcing agent is composed of AlMgB 14 Sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber in a mass ratio of 4:2:6, and the rest is completely the same as in preparation example 6.
Preparation example 9
The difference between the preparation example and the preparation example 8 is that: the hexagonal boron nitride is modified hexagonal boron nitride, the modified hexagonal boron nitride is nickel-coated hexagonal boron nitride composite powder, the manufacturer is western zeoqie biotechnology limited, and the rest is completely the same as the preparation example 8.
Preparation example of lubricious coating
Preparation example 10
The smooth coating of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of titanium carbide, 40% of tungsten carbide, 20% of molybdenum disulfide and 10% of nano diamond.
Preparation example 11
The smooth coating of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of titanium carbide, 50% of tungsten carbide, 10% of molybdenum disulfide and 5% of nano diamond.
Preparation example 12
The smooth coating of the preparation example comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of titanium carbide, 30% of tungsten carbide, 10% of molybdenum disulfide and 10% of nano diamond.
Preparation example 13
The difference between this preparation and preparation 12 is that: the preparation method of the modified molybdenum disulfide comprises the following steps: mixing molybdenum disulfide and nano nickel according to a mass ratio of 6:4, and performing high-energy ball milling and premixing on a ball mill at a ball-material ratio of 15:1 and a speed of 200 r/min. The ball milling time is 3 h. Wherein the particle size of the nano nickel is 20-60nm, and the average particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 0.5 μm. The rest was exactly the same as in preparation example 12.
Examples
Example 1
The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet comprises a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is coated on the base body; the base body was made of the mixture obtained in preparation example 1, and the wear-resistant layer was formed of the wear-resistant coating obtained in preparation example 4, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer was 0.6mm, and the ferromagnetic body was cylindrical and had a diameter of 5 mm.
The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet comprises the following steps: (1) smelting: putting the raw materials of the preparation example 1 into a vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace, and smelting to obtain rapid hardening tablets; the thickness of the quick-setting sheet is 0.6 mm;
(2) micro-powder: crushing the quick-setting tablet obtained in the step (1) in a hydrogenation furnace, and then preparing the quick-setting tablet into micro powder in an airflow mill; the particle size of the micro powder is 2 mm;
(3) mixing powder: mixing the micro powder obtained in the step (2) with a magnetic powder protective agent to obtain mixed powder; wherein, 3ml of magnetic powder protective agent is mixed in each kilogram of micro powder;
(4) molding: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a green body under the protection of inert gas; putting the packaged green body into an isostatic pressing machine for pressing;
(5) and (3) sintering: carrying out vacuum sintering on the green compact pressed in the step (4), and then carrying out two-stage tempering treatment to obtain a blank;
(6) preparing a magnet: carrying out post-treatment on the blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet;
(7) preparing a wear-resistant layer: coating the wear-resistant layer on the magnet obtained in the step (6), and coating the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet by adopting a plasma cladding technology to obtain the neodymium iron boron magnet with the wear-resistant layer coated on the surface, wherein the plasma gas in the plasma cladding technology is Ar gas, and the plasma cladding technology is carried outThe parameter setting range in the process is as follows: the working voltage is 16V, the working current is 110A, and the powder feeding gas flow is 0.7m 3 H, flow of protective gas is 1.1m 3 The nozzle was 10mm from the magnet surface and the scanning speed was 2 mm/s.
The cylindrical magnetic block of the embodiment is prepared by the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet and the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet.
Examples 2 to 12
Examples 2-12 are high wear resistant, hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnets with different base, wear resistant coatings, and lubricious coatings, and the base, wear resistant coating, and lubricious coating of the neodymium iron boron magnet of each example are shown in table 1.
Table 1 examples 1-12 highly wear resistant terbium-depleted neodymium-iron-boron magnet with hydrogen
Figure BDA0003765111650000071
Figure BDA0003765111650000081
Examples 2 to 3
Examples 2-3 differ from example 1 in that: the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet adopts different substrates of preparation examples. The rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet of the embodiments 2 to 3 is completely the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The cylindrical magnetic block of embodiment 2-3 is prepared from the above-described high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet and the above-described preparation method for the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium-neodymium-iron-boron magnet.
Examples 4 to 8
Examples 4-8 differ from example 3 in that: the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet adopts wear-resistant coatings with different preparation examples, and the rest are completely the same as those in the embodiment 3.
The preparation method of the high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet of the embodiments 4 to 8 is completely the same as that of the embodiment 3.
The cylindrical magnetic block of embodiment 4-8 is prepared by using the above-described high-wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet and the above-described preparation method of the high-wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet.
Example 9
The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet comprises a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is coated on the base body, and a smooth layer is coated outside the wear-resistant layer; the base body was made of the mixture obtained in preparation example 3, the wear-resistant layer was formed from the wear-resistant paint obtained in preparation example 9, the smooth layer was formed from the smooth paint obtained in preparation example 10, and the ferromagnetic body was cylindrical and had a diameter of 5 mm.
The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet comprises the following steps: (1) smelting: putting the preparation example 3 into a vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace, and smelting to obtain a rapid hardening tablet; the thickness of the quick-setting sheet is 0.5 mm;
(2) micro-powder: crushing the quick-setting tablet obtained in the step (1) in a hydrogenation furnace, and then preparing the quick-setting tablet into micro powder in an airflow mill; the particle size of the micro powder is 2 mm;
(3) mixing powder: mixing the micro powder obtained in the step (2) with a magnetic powder protective agent to obtain mixed powder;
(4) molding: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of inert gas to form a green body; putting the packaged green body into an isostatic pressing machine for pressing;
(5) and (3) sintering: carrying out vacuum sintering on the green compact pressed in the step (4), and then carrying out two-stage tempering treatment to obtain a sintered blank;
(6) preparing a magnet: carrying out post-treatment on the blank sintered in the step (5) to obtain a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet;
(7) preparing a wear-resistant layer: step (6) obtains and coats on the magnet and has the wearing layer, adopts plasma cladding technique with wear-resistant coating at neodymium iron boron magnet surface, obtains the neodymium iron boron magnet that the surface coating has the wearing layer, wherein, the plasma gas in the plasma cladding technique is Ar gas, and the parameter setting scope of plasma cladding in-process is: the working voltage is 16V, the working current is 110A, and the powder feeding gas flow is 0.7m 3 H, flow of protective gas is 1.1m 3 H, the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the magnet is 10mm, and the scanning speed is 2 mm/s;
(8) preparation of a smooth layer: and (3) adhering a smooth coating on the wear-resistant layer obtained in the step (7) through an adhesive, drying at 80 ℃ for 2 hours, and carrying out laser cladding to obtain the wear-resistant coating, wherein the adhesive is prepared from cellulose acetate and diacetone alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the laser cladding adopts Nd: YAG laser, the powder feeding mode of laser cladding adopts a prefabricated coating, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the laser scanning power is 1000W, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 25%, and argon is used as protective gas in the laser cladding process.
The cylindrical magnetic block of the embodiment is prepared by the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet and the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet.
Examples 10 to 12
Examples 10-12 differ from example 9 in that: the smooth layer was obtained by spraying the smooth coating prepared in the different preparation examples, and the rest was exactly the same as in example 9.
The preparation method of the high wear-resistant ndfeb magnets of examples 10-12 is exactly the same as that of example 9.
The cylindrical magnetic block of examples 10-12 is prepared using the above-described high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet and the above-described preparation method for the high wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet comprises a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is coated on the base body and is formed by wear-resistant paint, and the wear-resistant paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70g of alumina, 3g of silicon carbide and 10g of hexagonal boron nitride. The rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative highly wear-resistant hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium-iron-boron magnet, with that of example 1The difference lies in that: the reinforcing agent is AlMgB 14 The rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
The detection method comprises the following steps: the hardness of the high-wear-resistance neodymium-iron-boron magnet prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was measured according to GB/T7997-2014 "Vickers hardness test method for cemented carbide", and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
And (3) detecting the wear resistance: the high wear-resistant ndfeb magnets prepared in examples 9 to 12 were subjected to dry friction at room temperature, and the results of the friction coefficients are shown in table 3.
Table 2 hardness of high abrasion resistance ndfeb magnets obtained in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Figure BDA0003765111650000101
With reference to example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, and table 2, it can be seen that a wear-resistant layer is coated on the outer surface of the ndfeb magnet, the wear-resistant layer is prepared from a wear-resistant coating, the formation of the wear-resistant layer is convenient for reducing direct contact with the ndfeb magnet, so that the wear of the ndfeb magnet is reduced, and a reinforcing agent is added into the wear-resistant coating and is AlMgB 14 At least two of sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber, AlMgB 14 The wear-resistant coating has high wear resistance, good degradation resistance and high hardness, the addition of the aluminum silicate fibers facilitates the formation of a net structure in the wear-resistant layer, and the addition of the sodium fluoroaluminate facilitates the improvement of the film forming property of the wear-resistant layer and the improvement of AlMgB 14 The distribution stability of the net-shaped structure formed by the aluminum silicate fibers further improves the hardness of the wear-resistant layer, and meanwhile, the condition that the neodymium iron boron magnet is worn is reduced.
In combination with examples 1 to 7 and table 2, it can be seen that the wear-resistant layer is formed of the wear-resistant coating, and the mixture ratio of each component of the wear-resistant coating is adjusted, so that the optimal mixture ratio of each component is selected, and the problem that the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is reduced due to the poor mixture ratio of each component is solvedThe reinforcing agent in the wear-resistant coating is composed of AlMgB 14 The three components are matched with each other, the mixture ratio of the three components is optimized by adjusting the mixture ratio of the three components, the aluminum silicate fiber forms a net structure in the wear-resistant layer, and the AlMgB 14 The particles are distributed in a net structure formed by aluminum silicate fibers, and the sodium fluoroaluminate improves AlMgB 14 The stability of the particles distributed in the net structure promotes the formation of the wear-resistant layer and simultaneously promotes the AlMgB 14 The compatibility of the particles and other components of the wear-resistant coating improves the hardness of the wear-resistant layer and reduces the wear of the neodymium iron boron magnet.
By combining example 6 and example 8, and by combining table 2, it can be seen that the hexagonal boron nitride coated with nickel has better binding property with other components of the wear-resistant coating, so that the formed wear-resistant layer is more compact, and the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is further improved.
TABLE 3 Friction coefficients of the high wear neodymium-iron-boron magnets of examples 9-12
Serial number Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12
Coefficient of friction 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.11
Combine embodiment 9-11 to combine table 3 to see that, the outer cladding of wearing layer has the smooth layer, and the coefficient of friction of smooth layer is lower, thereby is convenient for reduce the condition that violent friction appears in foreign matter and smooth layer, and then reduces the condition that wearing and tearing appear in the smooth layer, thereby forms a protection to the wearing layer of smooth layer inside, thereby further reduces the condition that the wearing and tearing appear in neodymium iron boron magnet.
By combining examples 11 to 12 and table 3, it can be seen that molybdenum disulfide added into the smooth coating is modified, and the molybdenum disulfide is coated with nano nickel, so that the molybdenum disulfide is well protected, the density of the smooth layer is improved, the gaps of the smooth layer are reduced, and the friction coefficient of the smooth layer is further reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet is characterized by comprising a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is coated on the base body, and the base body comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-29% of praseodymium-neodymium alloy, 0-2% of copper, 0-2% of zirconium, 0-2% of cobalt, 0-2% of niobium, 0-2% of aluminum, 0-2% of gallium, 1-5% of terbium, 0.8-1.5% of boron and the balance of Fe, wherein the wear-resistant layer is formed by wear-resistant paint which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-8 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of hexagonal boron nitride and 3-5 parts of reinforcing agents, wherein the reinforcing agents are at least two of AlMgB14, sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fibers.
2. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing agent consists of AlMgB14, sodium fluoroaluminate and aluminum silicate fiber in the mass ratio of (3-4) to (1-2) to (5-6).
3. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the hexagonal boron nitride is nickel-coated hexagonal boron nitride.
4. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the silicon carbide is a silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material.
5. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the wear-resistant layer is coated with a smooth layer, the smooth layer is formed by a smooth coating, and the smooth coating mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of titanium carbide, 30-50% of tungsten carbide, 10-20% of molybdenum disulfide and 5-10% of nano diamond.
6. The high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 5, wherein: the molybdenum disulfide is modified molybdenum disulfide, and the modified molybdenum disulfide is nickel-coated molybdenum disulfide.
7. The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting: smelting a substrate raw material to obtain a rapid hardening tablet; the thickness of the quick-setting tablet is 0.2mm-0.6 mm;
(2) micro-powder: crushing the quick-setting tablet obtained in the step (1), and then preparing the quick-setting tablet into micro powder in an airflow mill; the particle size of the micro powder is 0.1-3 mm;
(3) mixing powder: mixing the micro powder obtained in the step (2) with a magnetic powder protective agent to obtain mixed powder;
(4) molding: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of inert gas to form a green body; pressing the packaged green body;
(5) and (3) sintering: carrying out vacuum sintering on the green compact pressed in the step (4), and then carrying out two-stage tempering treatment to obtain a blank;
(6) preparing a magnet: carrying out post-treatment on the blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet;
(7) preparing a wear-resistant layer: and (4) coating wear-resistant paint on the magnet obtained in the step (6) to form a wear-resistant layer, and thus obtaining the neodymium iron boron magnet with the surface coated with the wear-resistant layer.
8. The method for preparing the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (7) coating a smooth layer on the wear-resistant layer, mixing titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, molybdenum disulfide and nano-diamond to obtain mixed powder, and performing laser cladding on the mixed powder.
9. The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium-broken neodymium iron boron magnet according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (4) carrying out surface oil removal and cleaning treatment before spraying the neodymium iron boron magnet in the step (7).
10. A cylindrical magnetic block is characterized in that: the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet is prepared by the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the preparation method of the high-wear-resistance hydrogen-broken terbium neodymium iron boron magnet according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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CN109604618A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-12 宁波中杭磁材有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the neodymium iron boron magnetic body of surface with wear-resistant coating
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