CN115099101B - Motor structure analysis method and storage medium - Google Patents
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- 238000003696 structure analysis method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 51
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a motor structure analysis method and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, motor model analysis is carried out in CAD software; s2, modeling the motor in finite element modeling software; s3, setting boundary conditions of the first motor finite element model to obtain a second motor finite element model; s4, motor constraint mode analysis; s5, carrying out motor modal test experiments; s6, calibrating material parameters of the second motor finite element model to obtain a third motor finite element model; s7, carrying out motor sweep test; s8, calibrating a damping value of the third motor finite element model to obtain a fourth motor finite element model; s9, carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis. The method provided by the invention is simple, convenient and easy to realize, has practicability, is beneficial to improving the accuracy and efficiency of analysis, and can analyze the reliability of the motor shell in a simulation mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor, in particular to a motor structure analysis method and a storage medium.
Background
The motor shell is supported and connected together in a whole structure, the shell of the motor is a safe isolation internal part, so that the motor shell is not damaged, and the motor shell also has a better isolation effect. Meanwhile, the motor shell is also a support for connecting the motor with external parts. When the motor shell is unreasonable in structural design, the motor shell is easy to crack under vibration load, so that the internal elements of the motor are invalid or the connection is invalid. Because the internal elements of the motor are very complex and the material parameters are difficult to obtain, finite element modeling of the whole motor is difficult to achieve, and therefore the reliability of the motor shell is difficult to analyze in a simulation mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motor structure analysis method for analyzing the reliability of a motor shell in a simulation mode.
The invention relates to a motor structure analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, motor model analysis is carried out in CAD software:
extracting models of a plurality of weight-related components in CAD software, and measuring mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data of a plurality of other components in the CAD software, wherein the weight-related components comprise a motor shell and N motor components most relevant to the motor shell, and the other components are motor components except the weight-related components;
s2, modeling the motor in finite element modeling software:
importing CAD models of a plurality of weight-related components and a plurality of other components in the S1 into finite element modeling software, carrying out grid refinement treatment on the finite element models of the weight-related components, simplifying the weight-related components into a finite element model to form an equivalent, and building a first motor finite element model;
s3, setting boundary conditions of the first motor finite element model:
carrying out material parameter setting on the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components, carrying out initial material parameter setting on the equivalent body, loading mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data obtained by measurement in the step S1 into the finite element model of the first motor, and establishing connection constraint between the equivalent body and the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components to build a finite element model of the second motor;
s4, motor constraint modal analysis:
calculating a constraint mode of the motor by using the second motor finite element model established in the step S3, and obtaining a calculation mode;
s5, carrying out motor modal test:
carrying out a motor mode test on a vibration test bed to obtain a motor mode;
s6, calibrating material parameters of a second motor finite element model:
calibrating material parameters of an equivalent in the second motor finite element model based on a test mode to obtain a third motor finite element model;
s7, carrying out motor sweep test:
carrying out motor sweep test on a vibration test bed to obtain acceleration a1 of a vibration excitation input end and acceleration response a2 of a vibration excitation output end;
s8, calibrating damping values of the third motor finite element model:
calibrating a damping value of the third motor finite element model through the acceleration data acquired in the S7 to obtain a fourth motor finite element model;
s9, carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis:
and carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis by using a fourth motor finite element model.
Optionally, the plurality of weight closing components include a motor housing, a housing connecting bolt, an end cover, a bearing and a housing; a plurality of the other components include a stator core, a stator winding, a rotor, a fan, a junction box, and an electronic component; s2 further comprises the step of establishing a finite element model of the motor mounting bracket.
Optionally, the step S3 includes:
s301, setting the elastic modulus, poisson' S ratio and density of corresponding materials for the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components;
s302, setting the peer: the initial elastic modulus E1 is 100Gpa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3, and the density is 0;
s303, loading the centroid coordinate data, the mass data and the inertia data obtained in the step S1 into a first motor finite element model: establishing a local coordinate system which is the same as that in the step S1 in finite element modeling software, establishing a centroid point according to centroid coordinate data measured in the step S1 under the local coordinate system, loading mass data and inertia data measured in the step S1 onto the centroid point, and connecting the centroid point with an equivalent body through a flexible connection unit;
s304, connecting an equivalent body with the bearing finite element model through a contact unit, connecting the equivalent body with the end cover finite element model and the motor shell finite element model through the contact unit, and restraining attachment points of the shell connecting bolt finite element model and the motor mounting bracket finite element model;
s305, building a second motor finite element model.
Optionally, the S4 includes: in finite element analysis software, a mode analysis module is arranged, and then a mode smaller than 480Hz is calculated to obtain a calculation mode M0 which is used as a theoretical value of motor mode calculation.
Optionally, the step S5 includes: the motor is fixed on a vibration test bed, a plurality of acceleration sensors are arranged on a motor shell, the positions of the acceleration sensors are recorded, the motor is excited through a vibration exciter, then response data of the acceleration sensors are tested, the response data are led into data analysis software after the testing is completed, and a testing mode M1 of the motor is obtained through analysis.
Optionally, the step S6 includes: in finite element analysis software, the elastic modulus of an equivalent is used as a variable, other parameter values are unchanged, the elastic modulus E2 of the equivalent when the calculation mode M0 is equal to the test mode M1 is obtained through multiple motor constraint mode analysis by changing the value of the elastic modulus of the equivalent, and the elastic modulus E2 is used as the calibrated elastic modulus of the equivalent to be substituted into the second motor finite element model, so that the third motor finite element model is obtained.
Optionally, the step S7 includes: the motor is fixed on a vibration test bed, acceleration sensors are respectively arranged at a vibration excitation input end and a vibration excitation output end, the positions of the acceleration sensors are recorded, and under the operation condition of the motor, the acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end and the obtained acceleration response a2 of the vibration excitation output end are obtained.
Optionally, the step S8 includes:
in the third motor finite element model, a frequency response analysis module in finite element analysis software is used for analyzing the frequency response of the motor: inputting the acceleration a1 obtained in the step S7 as a frequency response analysis boundary of a third motor finite element model, setting an initial damping value of the motor to be δ0=0.02, carrying out frequency response analysis of the motor, and reading the acceleration a3 at the position where the acceleration sensor is arranged in the step S7 in an analysis result after the analysis is completed;
calibrating damping values of the third motor finite element model: and taking the damping value of the third motor finite element model as a variable, changing the damping value of the third motor finite element model to carry out multiple motor frequency response analysis to obtain a damping value delta 1 when the acceleration a3 is equal to the acceleration response a2, and substituting the damping value delta 1 as a calibrated damping value of the third motor finite element model into the third motor finite element model to obtain a fourth motor finite element model.
Optionally, the S9 includes: in the finite element analysis software, vibration intensity analysis is carried out by using a frequency response analysis module based on a fourth motor finite element model.
Optionally, the step S9 specifically includes the following steps:
s901, inputting the acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end obtained in S7 at the mounting point position of the motor mounting bracket on the fourth motor finite element model;
s902, calculating response data of a fourth motor finite element model to obtain vibration stress;
s903, reading the vibration stress analysis result, and evaluating the reliability of the motor shell.
The invention also proposes a storage medium storing one or more computer readable programs, which when executed by one or more controllers, enable the implementation of the steps of the motor structure analysis method as described in any one of the above.
The method provided by the invention is simple, convenient and easy to realize, has practicability, is beneficial to improving the accuracy and efficiency of analysis, and can analyze the reliability of the motor shell in a simulation mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a motor structure analysis method according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A motor structure analysis method as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, motor model analysis is carried out in CAD software
Extracting models of a plurality of weight-related components in CAD software, and measuring mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data of a plurality of other components in the CAD software, wherein the weight-related components comprise a motor shell and N motor components most relevant to the motor shell, and the other components are motor components except the weight-related components;
specifically, the plurality of weight closing components comprise a motor shell, a shell connecting bolt, an end cover, a bearing and a housing; a plurality of the other components include a stator core, stator windings, a rotor, a fan, a junction box, and an electronic component.
S2, modeling the motor in finite element modeling software
Importing CAD models of a plurality of weight-related components and a plurality of other components in the S1 into finite element modeling software, carrying out grid refinement processing on the finite element models of the weight-related components, simplifying the plurality of other components into a finite element model according to structural characteristics to form an equivalent, and building a first motor finite element model; since the analysis of the motor will include a connection fixing member in addition to the motor, a finite element model of the connection fixing member needs to be established, in this embodiment, a motor mounting bracket finite element model is established. In particular, finite element modeling software is selected for use as HYPERMESH software.
S3, setting boundary conditions of the first motor finite element model
Carrying out material parameter setting on the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components, carrying out initial material parameter setting on the equivalent body, loading mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data obtained by measurement in the step S1 into the finite element model of the first motor, and establishing connection constraint between the equivalent body and the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components to build a finite element model of the second motor;
s3 specifically comprises the following steps of
S301, setting the elastic modulus, poisson' S ratio and density of corresponding materials for the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components;
s302, setting the peer: the initial elastic modulus E1 is 100Gpa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3, and the density is 0; since the mass of the equivalent is set by other means, here the density is set to 0;
s303, loading the centroid coordinate data, the mass data and the inertia data obtained in the step S1 into a first motor finite element model: establishing a local coordinate system which is the same as that in S1 in finite element modeling software, establishing a centroid point according to centroid coordinate data measured in S1 under the local coordinate system, loading mass data and inertia data measured in S1 onto the centroid point, and connecting the centroid point with an equivalent body through a flexible connection unit, so that the centroid coordinate data, the mass data and the inertia data measured in S1 are loaded into a first motor finite element model;
s304, connecting an equivalent body with the bearing finite element model through a contact unit, connecting the equivalent body with the end cover finite element model and the motor shell finite element model through the contact unit, and restraining attachment points of the shell connecting bolt finite element model and the motor mounting bracket finite element model;
s305, building a second motor finite element model.
S4, motor constraint modal analysis
Calculating a constraint mode of the motor by using the second motor finite element model established in the step S3, and obtaining a calculation mode; specifically, in finite element analysis software, a mode analysis module is set in a specific implementation analysis step, and then a mode smaller than 480Hz is calculated to obtain a calculation mode M0 which is used as a theoretical value of motor mode calculation.
S5, developing motor modal test
Carrying out a motor mode test on a vibration test bed to obtain a motor mode; the main purpose of this step is to calibrate the motor modal parameters calculated in S4, the modulus of elasticity of the equivalent;
specifically, the motor is arranged on the vibration test bed, the motor is installed and fixed through the motor installation support, a plurality of acceleration sensors are arranged on the motor shell and the positions of the acceleration sensors are recorded, the number of the acceleration sensors is usually not less than 10, the motor is excited through the vibration exciter, then response data of the acceleration sensors are tested, the response data are imported into data analysis software after the test is completed, a test mode M1 of the motor is obtained through analysis, the mode which is less than or equal to 480Hz is recorded, and the test mode M1 obtained through the test is used as an actual value of the motor mode. In specific implementation, the data analysis software may be LMS test.
S6, calibrating material parameters of the second motor finite element model
Calibrating material parameters of an equivalent in the second motor finite element model based on a test mode to obtain a third motor finite element model;
specifically, in finite element analysis software, the elastic modulus of an equivalent is taken as a variable, other parameter values are unchanged, the elastic modulus E2 of the equivalent when the calculation mode M0 is equal to the test mode M1 is obtained through multiple motor constraint mode analysis by changing the value of the elastic modulus of the equivalent, and the elastic modulus E2 is taken as the calibrated elastic modulus of the equivalent to be substituted into the second motor finite element model, so that the third motor finite element model is obtained. It should be noted that the mode shape of the motor housing in the third motor finite element model must be consistent with the mode shape calculated by the simulation analysis software. In specific implementation, the finite element analysis software can be ABAQUS software.
S7, developing motor sweep test
Carrying out motor sweep test on a vibration test bed to obtain acceleration a1 of a vibration excitation input end and acceleration response a2 of a vibration excitation output end;
specifically, the motor is fixed on a vibration test bed, acceleration sensors are respectively arranged at the vibration excitation input end and the vibration excitation output end, the positions of the acceleration sensors are recorded, and under the operation condition of the motor, the acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end and the obtained acceleration response a2 of the vibration excitation output end are obtained. As a specific example, at a bolt hole for connection with a motor mounting bracket on a motor in which an acceleration sensor of a vibration excitation input terminal is arranged, the acceleration sensor of the vibration excitation output terminal is generally arranged on the motor.
S8, calibrating damping values of the third motor finite element model:
calibrating a damping value of the third motor finite element model through the acceleration data acquired in the S7 to obtain a fourth motor finite element model;
specifically, in the third motor finite element model, a frequency response analysis module in finite element analysis software is used for analyzing the frequency response of the motor, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: inputting the acceleration a1 obtained in the step S7 as a frequency response analysis boundary of a third motor finite element model, setting an initial damping value of the motor to be δ0=0.02, carrying out frequency response analysis of the motor, and reading the acceleration a3 at the position where the acceleration sensor is arranged in the step S7 in an analysis result after the analysis is completed;
calibrating a damping value of a third motor finite element model, which specifically comprises the following steps: and taking the damping value of the third motor finite element model as a variable, changing the damping value of the third motor finite element model to carry out multiple motor frequency response analysis to obtain a damping value delta 1 when the acceleration a3 is equal to the acceleration response a2, and substituting the damping value delta 1 as a calibrated damping value of the third motor finite element model into the third motor finite element model to obtain a fourth motor finite element model.
S9, carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis:
carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis by using a fourth motor finite element model;
specifically, in the finite element analysis software, vibration intensity analysis is performed by using a frequency response analysis module based on a fourth motor finite element model.
Optionally, the step S9 specifically includes the following steps:
s901, inputting the acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end obtained in S7 at the mounting point position of the motor mounting bracket on the fourth motor finite element model;
s902, calculating response data of a fourth motor finite element model to obtain vibration stress;
s903, reading the vibration stress analysis result, and evaluating the reliability of the motor shell. If the vibration intensity analysis result meets the design requirement, the design is qualified; if the vibration intensity analysis result does not meet the design requirement, the structural optimization and analysis can be performed by using the obtained boundary conditions in the fourth motor finite element model.
The invention also proposes a storage medium storing one or more computer readable programs, which when executed by one or more controllers, enable the implementation of the steps of the motor structure analysis method as described in any one of the above.
The invention provides a motor structure analysis method, which mainly relates to a motor shell vibration intensity analysis method. The motor housing is often subject to vibration loading and cracking problems. In the development of vibration intensity analysis, three parameters are important: 1. the stiffness of the motor, in the finite element model, is a representation of the modulus of elasticity converted into a material. 2. Damping of the motor, 3, mass and inertia of the motor. However, because the original components inside the motor are very complex, the rigidity and the damping of the whole motor are difficult to obtain accurate values in a mode of all finite element modeling analysis, so that the vibration intensity of the motor shell can be effectively and accurately analyzed by setting accurate parameters through a simplified model. The invention has the technical key points and the technical effects that: 1. a method of processing a motor model: and (3) independently extracting the critical component from CAD software, measuring the barycenter coordinates, the mass and the inertia of the rest other components in the CAD software, and independently carrying out grid refinement processing on the critical component finite element model in finite element modeling software. The finite element model of other parts is simplified into an equivalent according to the structural characteristics, and the motor model is processed by adopting the method, so that the workload can be reduced, and the working efficiency can be improved. 2. Through the vibration bench test, the motor modal test and the sweep frequency test are carried out, and the parameters such as the elastic modulus of the equivalent body of the calibration model and the damping of the motor are used for calibrating, so that the analysis precision of the motor shell can be improved through calibration. 3. The method provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of cracking caused by vibration load when the motor shell is unreasonable in structural design, and is beneficial to preventing failure of internal elements of the motor.
Claims (3)
1. The motor structure analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, motor model analysis is carried out in CAD software:
extracting models of a plurality of weight-related components in CAD software, and measuring mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data of a plurality of other components in the CAD software, wherein the weight-related components comprise a motor shell and N motor components most relevant to the motor shell, and the other components are motor components except the weight-related components;
s2, modeling the motor in finite element modeling software:
importing CAD models of a plurality of weight-related components and a plurality of other components in the S1 into finite element modeling software, carrying out grid refinement treatment on the finite element models of the weight-related components, simplifying the weight-related components into a finite element model to form an equivalent, and building a first motor finite element model;
s3, setting boundary conditions of the first motor finite element model:
carrying out material parameter setting on the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components, carrying out initial material parameter setting on the equivalent body, loading mass center coordinate data, mass data and inertia data obtained by measurement in the step S1 into the finite element model of the first motor, and establishing connection constraint between the equivalent body and the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components to build a finite element model of the second motor;
s4, motor constraint modal analysis:
calculating a constraint mode of the motor by using the second motor finite element model established in the step S3, and obtaining a calculation mode;
s5, carrying out motor modal test:
carrying out a motor mode test on a vibration test bed to obtain a motor mode;
s6, calibrating material parameters of a second motor finite element model:
calibrating material parameters of an equivalent in the second motor finite element model based on a test mode to obtain a third motor finite element model;
s7, carrying out motor sweep test:
carrying out motor sweep test on a vibration test bed to obtain acceleration a1 of a vibration excitation input end and acceleration response a2 of a vibration excitation output end;
s8, calibrating damping values of the third motor finite element model:
calibrating a damping value of the third motor finite element model through the acceleration data acquired in the S7 to obtain a fourth motor finite element model;
s9, carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis:
carrying out motor shell vibration intensity analysis by using a fourth motor finite element model; the plurality of weight closing components comprise a motor shell, a shell connecting bolt, an end cover, a bearing and a housing; a plurality of the other components include a stator core, a stator winding, a rotor, a fan, a junction box, and an electronic component; s2, establishing a finite element model of the motor mounting bracket;
the step S3 comprises the following steps:
s301, setting the elastic modulus, poisson' S ratio and density of corresponding materials for the finite element models of the plurality of weight-related components;
s302, setting the peer: the initial elastic modulus E1 is 100Gpa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3, and the density is 0;
s303, loading the centroid coordinate data, the mass data and the inertia data obtained in the step S1 into a first motor finite element model: establishing a local coordinate system which is the same as that in the step S1 in finite element modeling software, establishing a centroid point according to centroid coordinate data measured in the step S1 under the local coordinate system, loading mass data and inertia data measured in the step S1 onto the centroid point, and connecting the centroid point with an equivalent body through a flexible connection unit;
s304, connecting an equivalent body with the bearing finite element model through a contact unit, connecting the equivalent body with the end cover finite element model and the motor shell finite element model through the contact unit, and restraining attachment points of the shell connecting bolt finite element model and the motor mounting bracket finite element model;
s305, building a second motor finite element model;
the step S4 comprises the following steps: in finite element analysis software, a mode analysis module is arranged, and then a mode below 480Hz is calculated to obtain a calculation mode M0 which is used as a theoretical value of motor mode calculation;
the step S5 comprises the following steps: fixing a motor on a vibration test bed, arranging a plurality of acceleration sensors on a motor shell, recording the positions of the acceleration sensors, exciting the motor through an exciter, testing response data of the acceleration sensors, introducing the response data into data analysis software after the test is finished, and obtaining a test mode M1 of the motor through analysis;
the step S6 comprises the following steps: in finite element analysis software, the elastic modulus of an equivalent is used as a variable, other parameter values are unchanged, the elastic modulus E2 of the equivalent when the calculation mode M0 is equal to the test mode M1 is obtained through multiple motor constraint mode analysis by changing the value of the elastic modulus of the equivalent, and the elastic modulus E2 is used as a calibrated elastic modulus of the equivalent to be substituted into a second motor finite element model to obtain a third motor finite element model;
the step S7 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of fixing a motor on a vibration test bed, arranging acceleration sensors at a vibration excitation input end and a vibration excitation output end respectively, recording the positions of the acceleration sensors, and obtaining acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end and acceleration response a2 of the vibration excitation output end under the operation condition of the motor;
the step S8 comprises the following steps:
in the third motor finite element model, a frequency response analysis module in finite element analysis software is used for analyzing the frequency response of the motor: inputting the acceleration a1 obtained in the step S7 as a frequency response analysis boundary of a third motor finite element model, setting an initial damping value of the motor to be δ0=0.02, carrying out frequency response analysis of the motor, and reading the acceleration a3 at the position where the acceleration sensor is arranged in the step S7 in an analysis result after the analysis is completed;
calibrating damping values of the third motor finite element model: and taking the damping value of the third motor finite element model as a variable, changing the damping value of the third motor finite element model to carry out multiple motor frequency response analysis to obtain a damping value delta 1 when the acceleration a3 is equal to the acceleration response a2, and substituting the damping value delta 1 as a calibrated damping value of the third motor finite element model into the third motor finite element model to obtain a fourth motor finite element model.
2. The method for analyzing a motor structure according to claim 1, wherein,
the step S9 includes: in finite element analysis software, based on a fourth motor finite element model, carrying out vibration intensity analysis by using a frequency response analysis module;
the step S9 specifically comprises the following steps:
s901, inputting the acceleration a1 of the vibration excitation input end obtained in S7 at the mounting point position of the motor mounting bracket on the fourth motor finite element model;
s902, calculating response data of a fourth motor finite element model to obtain vibration stress;
s903, reading the vibration stress analysis result, and evaluating the reliability of the motor shell.
3. A storage medium storing one or more computer readable programs, which when executed by one or more controllers, cause the steps of the motor structure analysis method of claim 1 or 2 to be performed.
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