CN115095642A - Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method - Google Patents

Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115095642A
CN115095642A CN202210520699.9A CN202210520699A CN115095642A CN 115095642 A CN115095642 A CN 115095642A CN 202210520699 A CN202210520699 A CN 202210520699A CN 115095642 A CN115095642 A CN 115095642A
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China
Prior art keywords
bevel gear
bearing
differential
adjusting
driving
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Pending
Application number
CN202210520699.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李鸿波
张小波
宁小彬
李庄
麻松
孙羽
李少萌
谷传磊
贾延君
陈渤桐
纪鑫
李策策
王铁柱
高光
曲晶瑶
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FAW Group Corp
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FAW Group Corp
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Priority to CN202210520699.9A priority Critical patent/CN115095642A/en
Publication of CN115095642A publication Critical patent/CN115095642A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H2057/0087—Computer aided design [CAD] specially adapted for gearing features ; Analysis of gear systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
    • F16H2057/0221—Axial adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
    • F16H2057/0228—Mounting with rough tolerances and fine adjustment after assembly

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a driving and driven bevel gear structure of a passenger vehicle drive axle and a meshing mark assembling and adjusting method, and belongs to the field of assembling and adjusting of passenger vehicle drive axles. The problems of complex assembly and adjustment process, complex operation and high labor intensity of the existing passenger vehicle drive axle are solved. The starting moment, the tooth side clearance and the meshing imprint are debugged and measured one by one after the primarily selected adjusting shim is combined with the corresponding correction coefficient value through theoretical calculation of four adjusting shims, and finally the meshing imprint of the driving bevel gear and the driven gear is determined through color-coated grinding inspection. The method is mainly used for assembling and adjusting the meshing imprints of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear of the passenger car drive axle.

Description

Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of assembling and adjusting of passenger vehicle drive axles, and particularly relates to a passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and a meshing mark assembling and adjusting method.
Background
The driving axle of a passenger vehicle in the current market is generally assembled and adjusted by approaching a slave tooth to the central line direction of a main tooth when a slave tooth meshing mark is larger than the large end and moving the slave tooth out in the opposite direction to the central line of the main tooth when the slave tooth meshing mark is smaller than the small end; and repeatedly grinding the meshing imprints of the driving bevel gear and the driven gear to finally obtain the optimal meshing imprints. The method has the disadvantages of complicated process, complex operation and high labor intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a driving bevel gear structure and a driven bevel gear structure of a passenger vehicle drive axle and a meshing mark assembling and adjusting method, so as to solve the problems of complex assembling and adjusting process, complex operation and high labor intensity of the existing passenger vehicle drive axle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a passenger car driving and driven bevel gear structure comprises a driving bevel gear and a driven gear which are mutually meshed, wherein the driving bevel gear is fixed in the front end of a driving axle front shell through a driving bevel gear inner bearing and a driving bevel gear outer bearing, a first step surface, a second step surface and a third step surface are arranged on the driving axle front shell, a middle step surface is arranged on the driving bevel gear, an inner bearing adjusting gasket is arranged between the outer ring end surface of the driving bevel gear inner bearing and the third step surface, an outer bearing adjusting gasket is arranged between the inner ring end surface of the driving bevel gear outer bearing and the middle step surface, the driven gear is connected with a differential shell, a differential right bearing is arranged on the differential shell in a pressing manner, a differential left bearing is arranged on the driven gear in a pressing manner, a left bearing adjusting gasket is arranged between the first step surface and the differential left bearing, and a right bearing adjusting gasket is arranged between the second step surface and the right bearing of the differential.
Furthermore, a flange assembly is arranged on the driving bevel gear.
The invention also discloses a passenger vehicle drive axle driving bevel gear bearing pre-tightening adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing the inner bearing adjusting gasket with the selected thickness and the outer ring of the inner bearing of the drive bevel gear into corresponding holes of the drive axle housing, ensuring that the inner bearing adjusting gasket and the outer ring are pressed in place, pressing the outer ring of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear into corresponding holes of the drive axle housing, and ensuring that the outer ring is pressed in place;
step 2: pressing an inner ring of an inner bearing of the drive bevel gear and the roller assembly onto a shaft neck of the drive bevel gear, ensuring that the inner ring and the roller assembly are pressed in place, and then sleeving an outer bearing adjusting gasket with a selected thickness on the drive bevel gear;
and step 3: the driving bevel gear assembly is arranged in a driving axle housing, the position of the driving bevel gear is manually fixed, and then an inner ring of an outer bearing of the driving bevel gear and a roller assembly are pressed on a shaft neck of the driving bevel gear to ensure that the driving bevel gear is pressed in place;
and 4, step 4: pressing the flange assembly onto a spline of the driving bevel gear, fixing the driving bevel gear by using a clamp, tightening a flange nut according to the torque requirement, and punching and riveting the flange nut to lock the edge into a corresponding groove of the driving bevel gear;
and 5: under the condition of room temperature, the driving bevel gear is rotated at a certain rotating speed, the torque is in a specified range, and if the torque does not meet the requirement, an external bearing adjusting gasket with proper thickness is selected to adjust the pre-tightening load of the driving bevel gear bearing.
Further, the inner bearing spacer thickness S1 is calculated as follows:
S1＝A-B-C+KS1+OS1
in the formula: a is the distance from the longitudinal center to the third step surface after the differential assembly is actually installed, B is the actual installation distance of the drive bevel gear, C is the assembly height of the inner bearing of the drive bevel gear, KS1 is the thermal expansion amount of the front shell of the drive axle at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS1 is a correction coefficient.
Further, the outer bearing spacer thickness S2 is calculated by:
S2＝C+D+E+S1-R-G+KS2+OS2
in the formula: d is the mounting distance of the inner end face of the actual mounting position of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear, E is the assembly height of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear, R is the height of the inner ring of the inner bearing of the drive bevel gear, G is the distance from the upper end face of the bevel gear of the drive bevel gear to the middle step face, KS2 is the thermal expansion amount of the front shell of the drive axle at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS2 is a correction coefficient.
The invention also provides a passenger vehicle drive axle driving differential bearing pre-tightening adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting an adjusting gasket according to the thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting gasket and the right bearing adjusting gasket obtained by calculation by adopting a proximity principle, and taking integral multiples of the interval thickness of the specified gasket;
and 2, step: respectively installing bearing outer rings of a right differential bearing and a left differential bearing on bearing inner rings of the right differential bearing and the left differential bearing which are assembled, respectively installing a determined right bearing adjusting gasket and a determined left bearing adjusting gasket, and then installing a differential assembly at a corresponding position of a drive axle shell;
and step 3: respectively installing a left bearing adjusting gasket and a right bearing adjusting gasket into a driving axle housing;
and 4, step 4: and under the condition of room temperature, rotating the drive bevel gear at a certain rotating speed, wherein the torque is in a specified range, and if the torque does not meet the requirement, selecting an adjusting gasket with proper thickness to adjust the pre-tightening load of the differential bearing.
Further, the left bearing shim thickness S3 is calculated by:
S3＝J-K-L-P+KS3+OS3
in the formula: j is the actual installation transverse center installation distance of the differential assembly, K is the actual installation distance of the driven gear, E is the assembly height of the left bearing of the differential, P is the actual measured value of the adjusting gasket of the left bearing, KS3 is an assembly and adjustment value, and OS3 is a correction coefficient.
Further, the right bearing shim thickness S4 is calculated as follows:
S4＝M-N-P-Q-S3+KS4+OS4
in the formula: m is the installation distance of the differential assembly, N is the distance between the outer end faces of the right bearing and the left bearing of the differential after the right bearing and the left bearing of the differential are actually installed, Q is the actual measured value of the adjusting gasket of the right bearing, KS4 is an installation and adjustment value, and OS4 is a correction coefficient.
The invention also provides a method for assembling and adjusting the meshing imprints of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear of the passenger vehicle drive axle, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the backlash of the gear side for 3 times at the trisection position of the driven gear, wherein the 3 times of measurement values are within a certain range, and the variation is not more than a specified value;
and 2, step: after the side clearance of the driving bevel gear and the driven gear is adjusted, checking the meshing impression of the gears by a coloring method, coating 3 positions on trisection positions of the driven gear, coating at least two gear teeth on a front surface and a reverse surface of each position, and enabling the thickness of the indicator to be not more than a specified value;
and step 3: the test requires that the driving bevel gear has certain rotating speed and the driven gear has certain torque, the driven gear rotates at least 3 circles in the test process, and the contact patch of the tooth surface of the driven gear meets the set requirement.
Furthermore, if the thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting shim and the right bearing adjusting shim need to be adjusted when the contact patch is adjusted in step 3, it is necessary to ensure that the thickening amount and the thinning amount on both sides are equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for adjusting the meshing imprints is that after the corresponding correction coefficient values are combined through theoretical calculation of four adjusting gaskets and the gaskets are initially selected, the starting torque, the tooth side clearance and the meshing imprints are adjusted and measured one by one, and finally the meshing imprints of the driving bevel gear and the driven gear are determined through color-coating grinding inspection. In the process of adjustment, the three key parameters are mutually influenced, and the optimal position relation needs to be found out by repeatedly adjusting the thickness of the gasket. A qualitative and quantitative installation and debugging rule is summarized through data statistics, namely when the thickness of the gasket is adjusted at four positions, the corresponding change values of the starting torque of the main gear, the starting torque of the auxiliary gear and the backlash are changed, so that the complex process of reversely checking and installing the gasket by adjusting the pretightening force of the main gear and the auxiliary gear and the position of the meshing mark is effectively avoided, the installation and debugging technology and the operation method are optimized, the difficult point of the installation and debugging technology of the meshing mark of a high-end drive axle is broken through, and the aims of improving the production efficiency, ensuring the product quality and reducing the labor intensity of an operator on the premise of meeting the use performance are fulfilled.
According to the invention, a qualitative and quantitative adjustment rule is summarized through data statistics, and after primary master-slave tooth meshing imprints are ground, the optimal values of four adjusting gaskets can be obtained through calculation according to the quantitative rule. Compared with the prior patent, the invention greatly improves the assembly and adjustment efficiency of the passenger vehicle drive axle, reduces the labor intensity of operators for repeated assembly and adjustment, reduces the risk of collision injury caused by repeated assembly and adjustment of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and provides a faster assembly and adjustment method for subsequent similar drive axle development.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention in any way. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear of a passenger car according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for adjusting an engagement mark according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the location of the engagement marks according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dimension and position marking of the passenger car main driven bevel gear structure.
1-driving bevel gear, 2-driven gear, 3-flange assembly, 4-driving bevel gear inner bearing, 5-flange nut, 6-driving bevel gear outer bearing, 7-differential case, 8-differential right bearing, 9-differential left bearing, 10-connecting bolt, 11-inner bearing adjusting shim, 12-outer bearing adjusting shim, 13-left bearing adjusting shim, 14-right bearing adjusting shim, 15-middle step surface, 16-first step surface, 17-second step surface, 18-third step surface, 19-driving bevel gear outer bearing actual installation position inner end surface, 20-driving bevel gear upper end surface, 21-small end, 22-driven gear convex, 23-tooth root, 24-tooth top, 25-big end, 26-driven gear concave, 100-drive axle front shell, 101-rear cover, 102-differential assembly.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely explained below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4 to illustrate the present embodiment, a passenger vehicle driving and driven bevel gear structure includes a driving bevel gear 1 and a driven gear 2, which are engaged with each other, the driving bevel gear 1 is fixed in the front end of a driving axle front housing 100 through a driving bevel gear inner bearing 4 and a driving bevel gear outer bearing 6, the driving axle front housing 100 is provided with a first step surface 16, a second step surface 17 and a third step surface 18, the driving bevel gear 1 is provided with an intermediate step surface 15, an inner bearing adjusting shim 11 is installed between the outer ring end surface of the driving bevel gear inner bearing 4 and the third step surface 18 to adjust the entrance and exit of the driving bevel gear 1 in the driving axle front housing 100, an outer bearing adjusting shim 12 is installed between the inner ring end surface of the driving bevel gear outer bearing 6 and the intermediate step surface 15, the driving bevel gear 1 is provided with a flange assembly 3, outer bearing adjusting shim 12 with flange assembly 3 flange nut 5 and inner bearing adjusting shim 11 realize drive bevel gear 1's pretightning force jointly and adjust, driven gear 2 utilizes connecting bolt 10 and differential mechanism shell 7 rigid connection, differential mechanism right bearing 8 is equipped with to the differential mechanism shell 7 upper pressure, driven gear 2 upper pressure is equipped with differential mechanism left bearing 9, synthesizes differential mechanism assembly 102 at last, install left bearing adjusting shim 13 between first step face 16 and the differential mechanism left bearing 9, install right bearing adjusting shim 14 between second step face 17 and the differential mechanism right bearing 8, transaxle front housing 100 links to each other with back lid 101.
The embodiment is a passenger car drive axle driving bevel gear bearing pre-tightening adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing the inner bearing adjusting gasket 11 with the selected thickness and the outer ring of the inner bearing 4 of the drive bevel gear into corresponding holes of the drive axle housing, ensuring that the press fit is in place, pressing the outer ring of the outer bearing 6 of the drive bevel gear into corresponding holes of the drive axle housing, and ensuring that the press fit is in place;
and 2, step: pressing an inner ring of an inner bearing 4 of the drive bevel gear and a roller assembly on a shaft neck of the drive bevel gear 1, ensuring that the inner ring and the roller assembly are pressed in place, and then sleeving an outer bearing adjusting gasket 12 with a selected thickness on the drive bevel gear 1;
and step 3: the driving bevel gear 1 assembly is arranged in a driving axle housing, the position of the driving bevel gear 1 is manually fixed, and then an inner ring of an outer bearing 6 of the driving bevel gear and a roller assembly are pressed on a shaft neck of the driving bevel gear 1 to ensure that the driving bevel gear 1 is pressed in place;
and 4, step 4: pressing the flange assembly 3 onto a spline of the drive bevel gear 1, fixing the drive bevel gear 1 by using a clamp, tightening the flange nut 5 according to the torque requirement, and punching and riveting the flange nut 5 to lock the edge into a corresponding groove of the drive bevel gear 1;
and 5: under the condition of room temperature, the driving bevel gear 1 is rotated at a certain rotating speed, the torque is in a specified range, and if the requirement is not met, the external bearing adjusting gasket 12 with proper thickness is selected to adjust the pre-tightening load of the driving bevel gear bearing.
The bearing pre-tightening load is detected after the bearing is lubricated and rotates for a plurality of circles, and the dust cover is ensured to be coaxial with the flange in the whole detection process.
In an embodiment of the pre-load adjustment method for the drive bevel gear bearing of a drive axle of a passenger car, the dimensions A, B, C, D, E, G and R shown in fig. 4 are measured, and the thickness S1 of the inner bearing adjustment shim 11 and the thickness S2 of the outer bearing adjustment shim 12 are calculated.
The calculation method of the thickness S1 of the inner bearing adjusting shim 11 is as follows:
S1＝A-B-C+KS1+OS1
in the formula: a is the distance from the longitudinal center to the third step surface 18 after the differential assembly 102 is actually installed, B is the actual installation distance of the drive bevel gear 1, C is the assembly height of the inner bearing 4 of the drive bevel gear, KS1 is the thermal expansion amount of the front drive axle shell 100 at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS1 is a correction coefficient.
In this example, KS1 was 0.050, and the correction coefficient OS1 was obtained by CAE analysis.
The calculation method of the thickness S2 of the outer bearing adjusting shim 12 is as follows:
S2＝C+D+E+S1-R-G+KS2+OS2
in the formula: d is the mounting distance of the inner end surface 19 of the actual mounting position of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear, namely the distance between the inner end surface 19 of the actual mounting position of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear and the third step surface 18, E is the assembly height of the outer bearing 6 of the drive bevel gear, R is the height of the inner ring of the inner bearing 4 of the drive bevel gear, G is the distance between the upper end surface 20 of the bevel gear teeth of the drive bevel gear and the middle step surface 15, and is a transition measurement value, KS2 is the thermal expansion amount of the front shell 100 of the drive axle at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS2 is a correction coefficient.
In this example, KS2 was 0.080, and the correction coefficient OS2 was obtained by CAE analysis.
The embodiment is a passenger vehicle drive axle driving differential bearing pre-tightening adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting an adjusting gasket according to the calculated thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting gasket 13 and the right bearing adjusting gasket 14 by adopting a proximity principle, and taking integral multiples of the interval thickness of the specified gasket;
step 2: respectively installing bearing outer rings of a right differential bearing 8 and a left differential bearing 9 on bearing inner rings of the assembled right differential bearing 8 and left differential bearing 9, respectively installing a determined right bearing adjusting gasket 14 and a determined left bearing adjusting gasket 13, and then installing a differential assembly 102 at a corresponding position of a drive axle shell 100;
and step 3: respectively installing the selected proper left bearing adjusting gasket 13 and right bearing adjusting gasket 14 into the drive axle housing, and paying attention to the fact that reverse installation is not needed on the left and the right;
and 4, step 4: under the condition of room temperature, the driving bevel gear 1 is rotated at a certain rotating speed, the torque is in a specified range, and if the torque does not meet the requirement, an adjusting gasket with a proper thickness is selected to adjust the pre-tightening load of the differential bearing.
The detection of the bearing preload should be performed after the bearing has been lubricated and rotated several revolutions.
In the embodiment of the passenger car drive axle drive differential bearing pretension adjustment method, the dimensions J, K, E, P, M and Q shown in fig. 4 are measured, and the thickness S3 of the left bearing adjustment shim 13 and the thickness S4 of the right bearing adjustment shim 14 are calculated.
The calculation method of the thickness S3 of the left bearing adjusting shim 13 is as follows:
S3＝J-K-L-P+KS3+OS3
in the formula: j is the actual mounting distance of the transverse center of the differential assembly 102, i.e. the distance from the actual mounting transverse center of the differential assembly 102 to the first step face 16, K is the actual mounting distance of the driven gear 2, E is the assembly height of the left bearing 9 of the differential, P is the actual measured value of the left bearing adjusting shim, KS3 is the assembly value, and OS3 is the correction coefficient.
The loading value KS3 is obtained by repeated loading in a product trial-manufacturing stage, the loading value KS3 is 0.03mm in the embodiment, and the correction coefficient OS3 is obtained through CAE analysis.
The calculation method of the thickness S4 of the right bearing adjustment shim 14 is as follows:
S4＝M-N-P-Q-S3+KS4+OS4
in the formula: m is the installation distance of the differential assembly 102, namely the distance from the first step surface 16 to the second step surface 17, N is the distance between the outer end surfaces of the right differential bearing 8 and the left differential bearing 9 after the differential assembly is actually installed, Q is the actual measured value of the right bearing adjusting gasket, KS4 is the installation value, and OS4 is the correction coefficient.
The loading value KS4 is obtained by repeated loading in a product trial-manufacturing stage, the loading value KS4 is 0.03mm in the embodiment, and the correction coefficient OS4 is obtained through CAE analysis.
The embodiment is a passenger car drive axle driving and driven bevel gear meshing mark adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the backlash of the gear side for 3 times at the trisection position of the driven gear 2, wherein the 3 times of measurement values are within a certain range, and the variation is not more than a specified value;
step 2: after the tooth side clearance of the driving bevel gear 1 and the driven gear 2 is adjusted, checking the meshing impression of the gears by a color coating method, coating 3 positions on trisection positions of the driven gear 2, coating at least two gear teeth on a front surface and a reverse surface of each position, and enabling the thickness of the indicator to be not more than a specified value;
and step 3: the test requires that the driving bevel gear 1 has a certain rotating speed, the torque of the driven gear 2 is certain, the driven gear 2 rotates at least 3 times in the test process, and the contact patch of the tooth surface of the driven gear 2 meets the set requirement shown in figure 3.
If not, the method shown in FIG. 2 is used for adjustment until the requirements are met. The test is not lubricated and should not be continued for more than a certain period of time to avoid wear and seizure.
If the thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting shim 13 and the right bearing adjusting shim 14 need to be adjusted when the contact mark is adjusted in the step 3, it needs to be ensured that the thickening amount and the thinning amount on the two sides are equal, the bearing cover connecting bolts adopt process bolts in the adjusting process, glue is not applied, and the torque accords with a reference value.
The embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be merely illustrative. The examples are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A passenger car owner moves bevel gear structure which characterized in that: the bevel gear mechanism comprises a driving bevel gear (1) and a driven gear (2) which are meshed with each other, wherein the driving bevel gear (1) is fixed in the front end of a driving axle front shell (100) through a driving bevel gear inner bearing (4) and a driving bevel gear outer bearing (6), a first step surface (16), a second step surface (17) and a third step surface (18) are arranged on the driving axle front shell (100), a middle step surface (15) is arranged on the driving bevel gear (1), an inner bearing adjusting gasket (11) is arranged between the outer ring end surface of the driving bevel gear inner bearing (4) and the third step surface (18), an outer bearing adjusting gasket (12) is arranged between the inner ring end surface of the driving bevel gear outer bearing (6) and the middle step surface (15), the driven gear (2) is connected with a differential shell (7), and a differential right bearing (8) is arranged on the differential shell (7) in a pressing mode, differential left bearing (9) are installed to driven gear (2) upper pressure, install left bearing adjusting shim (13) between first step face (16) and differential left bearing (9), install right bearing adjusting shim (14) between second step face (17) and differential right bearing (8).
2. A passenger vehicle main driven bevel gear structure according to claim 1, wherein: and a flange assembly (3) is arranged on the driving bevel gear (1).
3. A passenger car drive axle driving bevel gear bearing pre-tightening adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing an inner bearing adjusting gasket (11) with a selected thickness and an outer ring of an inner bearing (4) of the drive bevel gear into a corresponding hole of the drive axle housing, ensuring that the inner bearing adjusting gasket and the outer ring are pressed in place, and pressing an outer ring of an outer bearing (6) of the drive bevel gear into a corresponding hole of the drive axle housing, ensuring that the outer ring and the outer bearing are pressed in place;
step 2: pressing an inner ring of an inner bearing (4) of the drive bevel gear and a roller assembly on a shaft neck of the drive bevel gear (1) and ensuring that the inner ring and the roller assembly are pressed in place, and then sleeving an outer bearing adjusting gasket (12) with a selected thickness on the drive bevel gear (1);
and step 3: the assembly of the drive bevel gear (1) is arranged in a drive axle housing, the position of the drive bevel gear (1) is manually fixed, and then an inner ring of an outer bearing (6) of the drive bevel gear and a roller assembly are pressed on a shaft neck of the drive bevel gear (1) to ensure that the drive bevel gear is pressed in place;
and 4, step 4: pressing the flange assembly (3) onto a spline of the drive bevel gear (1), fixing the drive bevel gear (1) by using a clamp, tightening a flange nut (5) according to the torque requirement, and punching and riveting the flange nut (5) to lock the edge into a corresponding groove of the drive bevel gear (1);
and 5: under the condition of room temperature, the driving bevel gear (1) is rotated at a certain rotating speed, the torque is in a specified range, and if the torque does not meet the requirement, an external bearing adjusting gasket (12) with proper thickness is selected to adjust the pre-tightening load of the driving bevel gear bearing.
4. The pre-tightening adjusting method for the driving bevel gear bearing of the passenger car drive axle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the calculation method of the thickness S1 of the inner bearing adjusting shim (11) is as follows:
S1＝A-B-C+KS1+OS1
in the formula: a is the distance from the longitudinal center to the third step surface (18) after the differential assembly (102) is actually installed, B is the actual installation distance of the drive bevel gear (1), C is the assembly height of the inner bearing (4) of the drive bevel gear, KS1 is the thermal expansion amount of the front shell (100) of the drive axle at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS1 is a correction coefficient.
5. The pre-tightening adjusting method for the driving bevel gear bearing of the passenger car drive axle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the calculation method of the thickness S2 of the outer bearing adjusting shim (12) is as follows:
S2＝C+D+E+S1-R-G+KS2+OS2
in the formula: d is the mounting distance of an inner end surface (19) of the actual mounting position of the outer bearing of the drive bevel gear, E is the assembly height of the outer bearing (6) of the drive bevel gear, R is the height of an inner ring of the inner bearing (4) of the drive bevel gear, G is the distance from the upper end surface (20) of the bevel gear teeth of the drive bevel gear to the middle step surface (15), KS2 is the thermal expansion amount of the front shell (100) of the drive axle at the working temperature of 100 ℃, and OS2 is a correction coefficient.
6. A passenger car drive axle driving differential bearing pre-tightening adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting an adjusting gasket according to the thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting gasket (13) and the right bearing adjusting gasket (14) obtained by calculation by adopting a proximity principle, and taking integral multiples of the interval thickness of the specified gasket;
step 2: respectively installing bearing outer rings of a right differential bearing (8) and a left differential bearing (9) on bearing inner rings of the assembled right differential bearing (8) and left differential bearing (9), respectively installing a determined right bearing adjusting gasket (14) and left bearing adjusting gasket (13), and then installing a differential assembly (102) at a corresponding position of a drive axle shell (100);
and step 3: respectively installing a left bearing adjusting gasket (13) and a right bearing adjusting gasket (14) into a drive axle housing;
and 4, step 4: under the condition of room temperature, the driving bevel gear (1) is rotated at a certain rotating speed, the torque is in a specified range, and if the torque does not meet the requirement, an adjusting gasket with proper thickness is selected to adjust the pre-tightening load of the differential bearing.
7. The method for adjusting the pre-tightening of the driving differential bearing of the passenger car drive axle according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the calculation mode of the thickness S3 of the left bearing adjusting shim (13) is as follows:
S3＝J-K-L-P+KS3+OS3
in the formula: j is the actual installation distance of the transverse center of the differential assembly (102), K is the actual installation distance of the driven gear (2), E is the assembly height of the left bearing (9) of the differential, P is the actual measured value of the adjusting gasket of the left bearing, KS3 is the assembly value, and OS3 is a correction coefficient.
8. The method for adjusting the pre-tightening of the driving differential bearing of the passenger car drive axle according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the calculation method of the thickness S4 of the right bearing adjusting shim (14) is as follows:
S4＝M-N-P-Q-S3+KS4+OS4
in the formula: m is the installation distance of the differential assembly (102), N is the distance between the outer end faces of the differential right bearing (8) and the differential left bearing (9) after the differential right bearing and the differential left bearing are actually installed, Q is the actual measured value of the right bearing adjusting gasket, KS4 is an installation value, and OS4 is a correction coefficient.
9. A passenger car drive axle driving and driven bevel gear meshing mark assembling and adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the backlash of the gear side for 3 times at the trisection position of the driven gear (2), wherein the 3 times of measurement values are in a certain range, and the variation is not more than a specified value;
and 2, step: after the gear backlash of the driving bevel gear (1) and the driven gear (2) is adjusted, checking the meshing impression of the gears by a coloring method, coating 3 positions on trisection positions of the driven gear (2), coating at least two gear teeth on a front turning surface and a reverse turning surface of each position, and enabling the thickness of the indicator to be not more than a specified value;
and 3, step 3: the test requires that the driving bevel gear (1) has certain rotating speed, the torque of the driven gear (2) is certain, the driven gear (2) rotates at least 3 circles in the test process, and the contact patch of the tooth surface of the driven gear (2) meets the set requirement.
10. The method for assembling and adjusting the meshing imprints of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear of the passenger car drive axle according to claim 9, is characterized in that: and (3) if the thicknesses of the left bearing adjusting shim (13) and the right bearing adjusting shim (14) need to be adjusted when the contact mark is adjusted in the step 3, the thickening amount and the thinning amount on the two sides need to be ensured to be equal.
CN202210520699.9A 2022-05-13 2022-05-13 Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method Pending CN115095642A (en)

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CN202210520699.9A CN115095642A (en) 2022-05-13 2022-05-13 Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210520699.9A CN115095642A (en) 2022-05-13 2022-05-13 Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method

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CN115095642A true CN115095642A (en) 2022-09-23

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CN202210520699.9A Pending CN115095642A (en) 2022-05-13 2022-05-13 Passenger vehicle drive axle driving and driven bevel gear structure and meshing mark assembling and adjusting method

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