CN115095640A

CN115095640A - Differential mechanism assembly and vehicle with same

Info

Publication number: CN115095640A
Application number: CN202210624966.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴启迪; 戴逸凡
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-02
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2022-09-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a differential mechanism assembly and a vehicle with the differential mechanism assembly, wherein the differential mechanism assembly comprises a support, an input shaft and two half shafts which are rotatably arranged on the support, the input shaft is connected with the two half shafts through a differential gear mechanism, an auxiliary driving device driven by the input shaft is arranged between the input shaft and each half shaft, the auxiliary driving device drives the half shafts to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shafts is lower than a preset rotating speed E, and does not drive the half shafts to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shafts is not lower than the preset rotating speed E. The differential mechanism assembly and the vehicle with the same have the advantages of being high in escaping capability and the like.

Description

Differential mechanism assembly and vehicle with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a differential mechanism assembly and a vehicle with the same.

Background

The differential is mainly used for distributing driving force input by a driving motor to half shafts of driving wheels, when an automobile runs forwards, the driving force distributed on the two half shafts is the same, correspondingly, the two wheels rotate at the same rotating speed, and when the automobile runs in a turn, the rotating speeds of the two wheels are adjusted based on the differential, namely the rotating speed of the wheel on the outer side of a curve is high, and the rotating speed of the wheel on the inner side of the curve is low, so that the automobile can smoothly turn.

The ordinary differential consists of planetary gears, a planetary gear carrier (differential case), a half axle gear and other parts. The power of the engine enters the differential mechanism through the transmission shaft to directly drive the planet wheel carrier, and then the planet wheel drives the left half shaft and the right half shaft to respectively drive the left wheel and the right wheel. The design requirements of the differential are met: the left half-axle rotating speed and the right half-axle rotating speed are 2 (planetary carrier rotating speed). When the automobile moves straight, the rotating speeds of the left wheel, the right wheel and the planet wheel carrier are equal and are in a balanced state, and the balanced state of the left wheel, the right wheel and the planet wheel carrier is damaged when the automobile turns, so that the rotating speed of the inner side wheel is reduced, and the rotating speed of the outer side wheel is increased.

The common differential has a disadvantage that when wheels are suspended, the wheels idle, and once similar conditions occur, the differential continuously transmits power to the idle wheels without resistance, so that the vehicle cannot move forwards and a large amount of power is lost.

In order to improve the passing capacity of the automobile on a bad road, a limited slip differential is arranged on some off-road automobiles and high-grade cars. The Limited Slip Differential, named Limited Slip Differential for short LSD, has the main functions of making the left and right wheels run together during operation and controlling the difference in rotation speed between the left and right wheels within a certain range to ensure the normal running of the vehicle. The limited slip differential is characterized in that when one side of the driving wheel slips on a bad road, most or even all torque can be transmitted to the driving wheel on a good road surface, so that the adhesive force of the driving wheel is fully utilized to generate enough driving force, and the automobile can be started or run continuously. The current limited slip differentials in the market today are of the kind and have the following disadvantages:

(1) the Tuosen differential mechanism assembly has the following defects: the cost is high, the maintenance is difficult, the locking can not be realized by 100 percent, the power distribution is limited in an interval, and the slippage can occur under special conditions.

(2) The Eton self-locking differential mechanism has the following defects: the control cannot be carried out manually, the control is required to be carried out when the rotating speed difference occurs, and the reaction speed is slightly slow.

(3) Multi-disc clutch type differential assembly, the shortcoming: the steering characteristic is poor, the service life of the friction plate is limited, the application range is small, and the reaction speed is slightly slow.

(4) Manual mechanical locking differential, shortcoming: the vehicle must be switched to a parking state, and steering is restricted after the switching.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a differential assembly with strong difficulty-escaping capability and a vehicle with the differential assembly.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a differential mechanism assembly comprises a support, an input shaft and two half shafts rotatably mounted on the support, wherein the input shaft is connected with the two half shafts through a differential gear mechanism, an auxiliary driving device driven by the input shaft is arranged between the input shaft and each half shaft, the auxiliary driving device drives the half shafts to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shafts is lower than a preset rotating speed E, and does not drive the half shafts to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shafts is not lower than the preset rotating speed E.

Preferably, the auxiliary driving device includes a first driving gear, a first driven gear, and a second driven gear, the first driving gear is mounted on the input shaft, the first driven gear is mounted on the axle shaft through a first one-way bearing in a manner that only the axle shaft can be driven to rotate in the forward direction, the second driven gear is mounted on the axle shaft through a second one-way bearing in a manner that only the axle shaft can be driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the first driving gear is mounted and disposed in a manner that the position can be adjusted in the axial direction of the axle shaft and can be engaged with the first driven gear and the second driven gear selectively through the adjustment position, and the auxiliary driving device further includes a control assembly for controlling the position of the first driving gear in the axial direction of the axle shaft.

In the differential assembly, preferably, the first driving gear is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and the control assembly includes a shifting piece disposed on the input shaft.

In the differential assembly described above, preferably, the differential gear mechanism includes an input gear provided on the input shaft and an output gear provided on one of the axle shafts, the input gear being in mesh with the output gear, and the width of the output gear being greater than twice the width of the input gear.

In the differential assembly, the auxiliary driving device preferably includes a second driving gear and a third driven gear, the second driving gear is mounted on the input shaft, and the third driven gear is mounted on the half shaft through a self-adjusting one-way bearing capable of switching between forward and reverse.

Foretell differential mechanism assembly, it is preferred, self-interacting single direction bearing includes inner circle, outer lane and multiunit rolling assembly, rolling assembly includes forward ball, reverse ball, first spring and second spring, be equipped with on the outer lane and be used for supporting thereby the first sloping block that forward ball and outer lane chucking are fixed is with inner circle, be equipped with on the outer lane and be used for supporting thereby reverse ball is with the fixed second sloping block of inner circle and outer lane chucking, self-interacting single direction bearing still includes the dog and the drive that can move between primary importance and secondary importance the self-adaptation actuating mechanism of dog between primary importance and secondary importance, the dog locks reverse ball, releases the forward ball when the primary importance, the dog locks forward ball, releases reverse ball when the secondary importance.

Preferably, the self-adaptive driving mechanism comprises a rotating ring arranged on the outer ring in a rotating mode, a shifting plate arranged on the rotating ring and a fixing ring fixedly arranged on the support, the shifting plate is provided with a first strip-shaped through hole and a second strip-shaped through hole, the outer ring is provided with a first connecting rod, the rotating ring is provided with a second connecting rod, the first connecting rod is arranged in the first strip-shaped through hole in a sliding mode, the second connecting rod is arranged in the second strip-shaped through hole in a sliding mode, the fixing ring is provided with shifting teeth, and the shifting plate is provided with a third spring for forcing the shifting plate to abut against the shifting teeth.

In the differential assembly, preferably, the stopper has a first arc-shaped surface in contact fit with the forward ball surface and a second arc-shaped surface in contact fit with the reverse ball surface.

In the differential assembly, preferably, the rotation speeds of the two half shafts are M and N, respectively, and the preset rotation speed E satisfies: e <1/2(M + N).

As a general technical concept, the invention also provides a vehicle including the differential assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

according to the differential assembly, when a vehicle slips, the power of the half shaft of the non-slipping wheel is reduced, the rotating speed is reduced, once the rotating speed of the half shaft is lower than the preset rotating speed E, the auxiliary driving device can drive the half shaft to rotate, the driving force of the half shaft is improved, and the escaping capability of the vehicle is improved.

The vehicle of the present invention also has the advantages of the differential assembly because of the differential assembly of the present invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a differential assembly according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another perspective of the differential assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a differential assembly according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another perspective of the differential assembly according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a self-adjusting one-way bearing of a differential assembly according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial front view of a self-adjusting one-way bearing of the differential assembly according to a second embodiment.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a support; 2. an input shaft; 3. a half shaft; 4. a differential gear mechanism; 41. an input gear; 42. an output gear; 51. a first drive gear; 52. a first driven gear; 53. a second driven gear; 61. a second driving gear; 62. a third driven gear; 71. an inner ring; 72. an outer ring; 721. a first connecting rod; 73. a positive ball; 74. reverse balls; 75. a first spring; 76. a second spring; 77. a first swash block; 78. a second swash block; 79. a stopper; 81. a rotating ring; 811. a second connecting rod; 82. dialing a plate; 821. a first bar-shaped through hole; 822. a second strip-shaped through hole; 83. a fixing ring; 831. shifting teeth; 84. a third spring; 9. a shifting sheet.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the differential assembly of the present embodiment includes a support 1, an input shaft 2, and two half shafts 3 rotatably mounted on the support 1, the input shaft 2 is connected to the two half shafts 3 through a differential gear mechanism 4, an auxiliary driving device driven by the input shaft 2 is provided between the input shaft 2 and each half shaft 3, the auxiliary driving device drives the half shafts 3 to rotate when the rotation speed of the half shafts 3 is lower than a preset rotation speed E, and does not drive the half shafts 3 to rotate when the rotation speed of the half shafts 3 is not lower than the preset rotation speed E. When the vehicle skids, the power of the half shaft 3 of the non-skid wheel is reduced, the rotating speed is reduced, once the rotating speed of the half shaft 3 is lower than the preset rotating speed E, the auxiliary driving device drives the half shaft 3 to rotate, the driving force of the half shaft 3 is improved, and the escaping capability of the vehicle is improved.

In the present embodiment, the auxiliary driving device includes a first driving gear 51, a first driven gear 52, a second driven gear 53, the first driving gear 51 is mounted on the input shaft 2, the first driven gear 52 is mounted on the axle shaft 3 through a first one-way bearing in a manner of being capable of driving only the axle shaft 3 to rotate in the forward direction, the second driven gear 53 is mounted on the axle shaft 3 through a second one-way bearing in a manner of being capable of driving only the axle shaft 3 to rotate in the reverse direction, the first driving gear 51 is mounted in a manner of being capable of adjusting the position in the axial direction of the axle shaft 3 and is capable of engaging with the first driven gear 52 and the second driven gear 53 selectively through the adjustment position, and the auxiliary driving device further includes a control assembly for controlling the adjustment position of the first driving gear 51 in the axial direction of the axle shaft 3. When the vehicle advances, the first driving gear 51 is meshed with the first driven gear 52, the first driven gear 52 is mounted on the half shaft 3 through a first one-way bearing, if the rotation speed of the half shaft 3 is not lower than that of the first driven gear 52, the first driven gear 52 can rotate relative to the half shaft 3, and the half shaft 3 is not driven to rotate by the first driven gear 52; if the rotation speed of the half shaft 3 is lower than that of the first driven gear 52, the first driven gear 52 is fixed with the half shaft 3, and at the moment, the first driven gear 52 transmits power to the half shaft 3 to drive the half shaft 3 to rotate, so that the forward trapped-escaping capability of the vehicle is improved. When the vehicle moves backwards, the first driving gear 51 and the second driven gear 53 are mounted on the half shaft 3 through the second one-way bearing, and the trapped-free capacity of the vehicle in the backward direction can be improved.

In this embodiment, the first driving gear 51 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft 2, and the control assembly includes a dial 9 disposed on the input shaft 2. By pushing or pulling the paddle 9, the axial position of the first drive gear 51 can be adjusted so that the first drive gear 51 can be selectively engaged with the first driven gear 52 or the second driven gear 53.

In the present embodiment, the differential gear mechanism 4 includes an input gear 41 provided on the input shaft 2 and an output gear 42 provided on one of the axle shafts 3, the input gear 41 meshing with the output gear 42, the output gear 42 having a width greater than twice the width of the input gear 41. The first drive gear 51 can be sufficiently meshed with the first driven gear 52 when the vehicle moves forward, and the first drive gear 51 can be sufficiently meshed with the second driven gear 53 when the vehicle moves backward, thereby improving stability. The diameter of the first driven gear 52 is equal to the diameter of the second driven gear 53, and the diameter of the first driven gear 52 is larger than the diameter of the output gear 42, so that the torque of the axle shaft 3 can be increased, and the vehicle's ability to escape from the trouble can be further improved.

In the embodiment, the rotation speeds of the two half shafts 3 are respectively M and N, and the preset rotation speed E satisfies: e <1/2(M + N). The preset rotating speed E can be set by setting the gear ratio of the first driving gear 51 and the second driven gear 53, and when the rotating speed of the half shaft 3 is lower than the preset rotating speed E, the auxiliary driving mechanism drives the half shaft 3 to rotate, so that the stability of the differential assembly is good.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and mainly differs therefrom in that the auxiliary driving device in the present embodiment includes a second driving gear 61 and a third driven gear 62, the second driving gear 61 is mounted on the input shaft 2, and the third driven gear 62 is mounted on the half shaft 3 through a self-adjusting one-way bearing capable of switching between forward and reverse. The auxiliary driving device has compact structure and reliable work.

In this embodiment, the self-adjusting one-way bearing comprises an inner ring 71, an outer ring 72 and a plurality of sets of rolling assemblies, wherein each rolling assembly comprises a forward ball 73, a reverse ball 74, a first spring 75 and a second spring 76, a first inclined block 77 is arranged on the outer ring 72 and is used for abutting against the forward ball 73 to clamp and fix the inner ring 71 and the outer ring 72, a second inclined block 78 is arranged on the outer ring 72 and is used for abutting against the reverse ball 74 to clamp and fix the inner ring 71 and the outer ring 72, a stop 79 capable of moving between a first position and a second position and an adaptive driving mechanism driving the stop 79 to move between the first position and the second position are further included, the stop 79 locks the reverse ball 74 and releases the forward ball 73 when in the first position, and the stop 79 locks the forward ball 73 and releases the reverse ball 74 when in the second position. The inner ring 71 is connected with the half shaft 3, the outer ring 72 is connected with the third driven gear 62, the rolling assembly is arranged between the inner ring 71 and the outer ring 72, one end of a first spring 75 is connected with the outer ring 72, the other end of the first spring 75 is connected with the forward ball 73, one end of a second spring 76 is connected with the outer ring 72, and the other end of the second spring 76 is connected with the reverse ball 74. When the vehicle advances, the stop 79 is in the first position, and the self-adjusting one-way bearing is a forward one-way bearing and only drives the half shaft 3 to rotate forward. When the vehicle is moving backwards, the stop 79 is in the second position, and the self-adjusting one-way bearing is a reverse one-way bearing, and only drives the half shaft 3 to rotate reversely. The stop block 79 moves between the first position and the second position through the self-adaptive driving mechanism, so that the self-adjusting one-way bearing can be switched forwards and backwards, manual operation is not needed, and the automation degree is high. And the response is timely, and the system operation efficiency is high.

In this embodiment, the adaptive driving mechanism includes a rotating ring 81 rotatably disposed on the outer ring 72, a shifting plate 82 disposed on the rotating ring 81, and a fixing ring 83 fixedly disposed on the support 1, the shifting plate 82 is provided with a first strip-shaped through hole 821 and a second strip-shaped through hole 822, the outer ring 72 is provided with a first connecting rod 721, the rotating ring 81 is provided with a second connecting rod 811, the first connecting rod 721 is slidably disposed in the first strip-shaped through hole 821, the second connecting rod 811 is slidably disposed in the second strip-shaped through hole 822, the fixing ring 83 is provided with a shifting tooth 831, and the shifting plate 82 is provided with a third spring 84 for forcing the shifting plate 82 to abut against the shifting tooth 831. Because the shifting plate 82 abuts against the shifting teeth 831, when the outer ring 72 rotates clockwise, the shifting plate 82 tilts counterclockwise, and simultaneously drives the rotating ring 81 to shift counterclockwise relative to the outer ring 72, and drives the stopper 79 to move to the first position, and when the shifting plate 82 tilts to a limit angle, the shifting plate 82 keeps the angle to slide on the shifting teeth 831, abuts against the reverse ball 74, locks the reverse ball 74, and ensures that the reverse ball 74 is far away from the second sloping block 78. When the outer race 72 rotates counterclockwise, the stopper 79 abuts against the forward balls 73, and the forward balls 73 are separated from the first swash block 77. The self-adaptive driving mechanism has simple structure and reliable work.

In this embodiment, the stop 79 has a first arcuate surface in surface contact engagement with the forward ball 73 and a second arcuate surface in surface contact engagement with the reverse ball 74. Thus, the stopper 79 can hold the forward ball 73 and the reverse ball 74, and the reverse ball 74 can be prevented from contacting the inner ring 71 when the stopper 79 is in the first position, and the forward ball 73 can be prevented from contacting the inner ring 71 when the stopper 79 is in the second position. The stability of the differential assembly is improved.

Example three:

the vehicle of the embodiment comprises a vehicle body, and the differential assembly of the first embodiment is arranged on the vehicle body.

Example four:

the vehicle of the embodiment comprises a vehicle body, and the differential assembly of the second embodiment is arranged on the vehicle body.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A differential mechanism assembly, includes support (1), input shaft (2) and rotates two semi-axles (3) of installing on support (1), input shaft (2) links to each other its characterized in that with two semi-axles (3) through differential gear mechanism (4): and an auxiliary driving device driven by the input shaft (2) is arranged between the input shaft (2) and each half shaft (3), the auxiliary driving device drives the half shaft (3) to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shaft (3) is lower than a preset rotating speed E, and does not drive the half shaft (3) to rotate when the rotating speed of the half shaft (3) is not lower than the preset rotating speed E.

2. A differential assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary driving device comprises a first driving gear (51), a first driven gear (52) and a second driven gear (53), the first driving gear (51) is arranged on the input shaft (2), the first driven gear (52) is arranged on the half shaft (3) through a first one-way bearing in a way of only driving the half shaft (3) to rotate forwards, the second driven gear (53) is arranged on the half shaft (3) through a second one-way bearing in a way of only driving the half shaft (3) to rotate reversely, the first driving gear (51) is arranged in a mode of being capable of being adjusted in position along the axial direction of the half shaft (3) and can be selectively meshed with the first driven gear (52) and the second driven gear (53) through the adjustment position, the auxiliary drive device also comprises a control assembly for controlling the axial adjustment position of the first driving gear (51) along the half shaft (3).

3. The differential assembly of claim 2, wherein: the first driving gear (51) is fixedly installed on the input shaft (2), and the control assembly comprises a shifting piece (9) arranged on the input shaft (2).

4. A differential assembly as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the differential gear mechanism (4) comprises an input gear (41) arranged on the input shaft (2) and an output gear (42) arranged on one of the half shafts (3), the input gear (41) is meshed with the output gear (42), and the width of the output gear (42) is more than twice that of the input gear (41).

5. The differential assembly of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary driving device comprises a second driving gear (61) and a third driven gear (62), wherein the second driving gear (61) is installed on the input shaft (2), and the third driven gear (62) is installed on the half shaft (3) through a self-adjusting one-way bearing capable of switching between a positive mode and a negative mode.

6. The differential assembly of claim 5, wherein: the self-adjusting one-way bearing comprises an inner ring (71), an outer ring (72) and a plurality of groups of rolling assemblies, wherein each rolling assembly comprises a forward ball (73), a reverse ball (74), a first spring (75) and a second spring (76), a first inclined block (77) used for abutting against the forward ball (73) so as to clamp and fix the inner ring (71) and the outer ring (72) is arranged on the outer ring (72), a second inclined block (78) used for abutting against the reverse ball (74) so as to clamp and fix the inner ring (71) and the outer ring (72) is arranged on the outer ring (72), the self-adjusting one-way bearing further comprises a stop block (79) capable of moving between a first position and a second position and a self-adapting driving mechanism for driving the stop block (79) to move between the first position and the second position, and the stop block (79) locks the reverse ball (74) when in the first position, Releasing the forward ball (73), and locking the forward ball (73) and releasing the reverse ball (74) by the stop (79) when the stop is at the second position.

7. The differential assembly of claim 6, wherein: the self-adaptive driving mechanism comprises a rotating ring (81) which is rotatably arranged on the outer ring (72), a shifting plate (82) which is arranged on the rotating ring (81) and a fixing ring (83) which is fixedly arranged on the support (1), wherein a first strip-shaped through hole (821) and a second strip-shaped through hole (822) are formed in the shifting plate (82), a first connecting rod (721) is arranged on the outer ring (72), a second connecting rod (811) is arranged on the rotating ring (81), the first connecting rod (721) is arranged in the first strip-shaped through hole (821) in a sliding mode, the second connecting rod (811) is arranged in the second strip-shaped through hole (822) in a sliding mode, a shifting tooth (831) is arranged on the fixing ring (83), and a third spring (84) which forces the shifting plate (82) to abut against the shifting tooth (831) is arranged on the shifting plate (82).

8. The differential assembly of claim 6, wherein: the stop block (79) is provided with a first arc-shaped surface in surface contact fit with the forward balls (73) and a second arc-shaped surface in surface contact fit with the reverse balls (74).

9. A differential assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the rotating speeds of the two half shafts (3) are respectively M and N, and the preset rotating speed E meets the following requirements: e <1/2(M + N).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: comprising the differential assembly of any of claims 1 to 9.