CN115094450A - Synthetic method of organic polymeric flocculant - Google Patents

Synthetic method of organic polymeric flocculant Download PDF

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CN115094450A
CN115094450A CN202210772027.7A CN202210772027A CN115094450A CN 115094450 A CN115094450 A CN 115094450A CN 202210772027 A CN202210772027 A CN 202210772027A CN 115094450 A CN115094450 A CN 115094450A
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reaction
visible light
organic polymeric
polymeric flocculant
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郑佳娟
唐晓旻
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Chongqing Technology and Business University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C25B3/21—Photoelectrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/01—Products
    • C25B3/07—Oxygen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/01—Products
    • C25B3/09—Nitrogen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/01—Products
    • C25B3/11—Halogen containing compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a synthetic method of an organic polymeric flocculant, which adopts photoelectric synergistic initiation; firstly, adding a reaction monomer into an electrolyte solution, then adding a cerium sulfate initiator and inserting an electrode material, and electrifying for reaction for 2-4 hours; when the electrifying reaction is carried out for 0.5-1 h, adding a visible light initiator into the reaction system, reacting under the irradiation of sunlight, fluorescent lamps, LED lamps and other visible light sources, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant. The method can promote the synthesis of the high molecular weight organic flocculant, does not need additional heating, reduces energy consumption, improves initiation efficiency, improves water treatment efficiency and performance of the organic flocculant, realizes good removal effect on pollutants in water, and has good environmental protection benefit and economic benefit.

Description

Synthetic method of organic polymeric flocculant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial and domestic water treatment, in particular to a synthetic method of an organic polymeric flocculant.
Background
With the rapid development of the industry, the types of pollutants in the sewage are aggravated, the pretreatment difficulty is increased, and an efficient treatment technology is urgently needed in the sewage pretreatment process. The most common technology in sewage pretreatment is flocculation sedimentation technology, which is based on the principle that the flocculent precipitates of solutes, colloids or suspended particles in sewage to purify the water. Wherein the coagulation method is mainly used for removing suspended colloidal particles in a water body. Polyacrylamide is a linear water-soluble polymer with special functions, and is widely applied to the fields of well drilling oil displacement, papermaking, water treatment, metallurgy, textile printing and dyeing and soil improvement. The monomer raw material for synthesizing polyacrylamide has low price and more active groups, and the monomer raw material is synthesized into the organic polymer flocculant to remove pollutants in water by utilizing the effects of rolling sweeping, bridging, net catching and the like.
The prior methods for synthesizing polyacrylamide mainly comprise aqueous solution polymerization, reversed phase suspension polymerization, electric initiation, photoinitiation polymerization and the like. However, the aqueous solution polymerization method has the defects of easy imidization, gel generation, small relative molecular mass of a polymerization product and the like; the reversed phase suspension polymerization has the defects of chain scission, emulsion breaking and the like; the light source adopted by photoinitiation mainly takes ultraviolet light as the main light source, and the energy consumption is high; the electric initiation has the defects of small molecular weight of the polymer and the like.
The photoelectric synergistic initiation mainly utilizes a photo-electric initiation system, and the light source of the photo-initiation system is visible light, so that additional heating is not needed, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced; the system contains a large amount of active groups and free radicals and can be used as an initiator for monomer polymerization; the method has the advantages of normal temperature and pressure, easy operation, no pollution, high initiation efficiency and the like, and can be used as a synthetic method for synthesizing the organic polymeric flocculant.
Chinese patent application No. CN201810234287.2, entitled "preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylamide", discloses a preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylamide, weighing 200-300 parts of acrylamide, 60-80 parts of alpha sodium allylsulfonate, 5-9 parts of sodium acrylate, 1-2 parts of chain transfer agent and structure regulator, 0.01-0.05 part of composite initiator, 0.5-1 part of solubilizer and 800-1000 parts of deionized water; putting deionized water into a polymerization reactor, stirring, putting acrylamide, alpha sodium allylsulfonate, sodium acrylate, a chain transfer agent, a structure regulator and a solubilizer, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 50min, and preparing a polymerization system; adding a composite initiator into a polymerization system, and initiating polymerization at 0-15 ℃; drying and crushing to obtain the ultrahigh molecular weight polyacrylamide. The method has the advantages of various medicines, large adding mass of the substrate during preparation, high cost and no contribution to production.
Chinese patent application No. CN202210184524.5, entitled "method for synthesizing photopolymerizable hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide", discloses a method for synthesizing photopolymerizable hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide, which utilizes ultraviolet light to carry out copolymerization reaction on a monomer, a cationic monomer methacryloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride and a hydrophobic monomer butyl acrylate to obtain a polymerization product. The flocculant has good solubility, and can remove turbidity and oils in wastewater by electrostatic adsorption, flocculation agglomeration and sedimentation. However, the molecular weight of the flocculant obtained by the method is smaller, and the use of ultraviolet light increases construction and production costs in actual production.
Chinese patent application No. CN201911003975.9, entitled "method for preparing cationic polyacrylamide by composite photo-initiation", discloses a method for preparing cationic polyacrylamide by composite photo-initiation, which comprises the steps of sequentially adding deionized water, acrylamide monomer, cationic monomer and cosolvent into a reaction device until the deionized water, the acrylamide monomer, the cationic monomer and the cosolvent are completely dissolved, adjusting the pH value of the solution, filling high-purity nitrogen into the reaction device under the condition of keeping out of the sun while adding different photoinitiators, uniformly mixing and sealing the mixture on a uniform rotating disc, sequentially reacting under the conditions of main wavelength 254nm ultraviolet light and main wavelength 365nm ultraviolet light for a period of time, and then curing, washing, refining, drying and grinding the product to obtain a powder product. The method can prepare the cationic polyacrylamide with high cationic degree, good solubility and excellent flocculation performance. However, the molecular weight of the polymer is small and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing an organic polymeric flocculant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
firstly, preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding a reaction monomer with the mass concentration of 20-30% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the reaction monomer; adding cerium sulfate with the mass fraction of 0.5-1.0%, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix; inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.1-0.2 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 Electrifying to react for 2-4 h in a nitrogen environment; when the electrifying reaction is carried out for 0.5-1 h, adding a visible light initiator with the concentration of 0.2-0.4% into the reaction system; the radiation intensity of the visible light source is 100-150W/m 2 Continuously performing irradiation reaction, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding a reaction monomer with the mass concentration of 20-30% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the reaction monomer.
2) Adding cerium sulfate with the mass fraction of 0.5-1.0% into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the reactor.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.1-0.2 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying to react for 2-4 h in a nitrogen environment.
4) When the electrifying reaction is carried out for 0.5-1 h, adding a visible light initiator with the concentration of 0.2-0.4% into the reaction system.
5) The radiation intensity of the visible light source is 100-150W/m 2 Then the organic polymer flocculant is obtained after the irradiation reaction, curing and purification.
Wherein: in the step (1), the mass concentration of the reaction monomer is controlled to be 20-30%. When the mass concentration of the monomer is too low, the concentration of the finally obtained polyacrylamide is too low, which is not economical. When the mass concentration of the reactive monomer is too high, the subsequent reaction is not favored.
In the step (2), 0.5-1.0 mass percent of cerium sulfate is added into the reactor. When the mass fraction of the initiator is larger, the polymer molecular weight decreases with increasing amount of the initiator. When the mass fraction of the initiator is small, the initiation efficiency is low and the conversion rate is also low.
In the step (3), the current density range is 0.1-0.2 A.cm -2 . When the current density is small, the conversion of the monomer increases sharply with the increase of the current density, at 0.125 A.cm -2 The time reaches a maximum value. When the current density is large, the conversion rate hardly changes.
And (4) electrifying the reactor in a nitrogen environment for 0.5-1 h, and then adding a photoinitiator. When the electrifying time is too short, fewer active particles are generated; when the electrifying time is too long, the energy consumption is high, and the conversion rate is almost unchanged.
And (5) adding a visible light initiator with the concentration of 0.2-0.4% in the step (4). If the amount of the visible light initiator is less, the amount of the generated active free radicals is reduced, so that the chain growth becomes slow, the polymerization reaction is difficult to initiate or the reaction time is long, and the free radical polymerization reaction cannot be normally carried out; if the amount of the visible light initiator is large, the amount of the generated active free radicals is increased, so that the reaction rate is increased, a large amount of heat is generated, the molecular chain is easy to break, and the relative molecular mass of the product is reduced in both cases.
In the step (5), the radiation intensity of the visible light source is 100-150W/m 2 The reaction was irradiated. When the illumination intensity is too low, enough free radicals cannot be generated to excite chain initiation, and the polymerization reaction is difficult to initiate or the reaction time is long, so that the reaction efficiency is reduced; when the illumination intensity is too high, the polymerization reaction rate is too high, so that the heating rate is too high, the chain termination rate is also accelerated, and the polymer has a short molecular chain, low relative molecular mass and low intrinsic viscosity. The initiator can be excited by illumination to further generate free radicals for polymerization reaction, and when the illumination time is too low, the reaction is not completed; when the light irradiation time is too long, the transparent solution becomes a gel state, which affects the transmission of visible light, so that the reaction efficiency is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation method of the invention is simple, has large molecular weight, lower energy consumption, higher initiation efficiency, short reaction time, excellent product performance, faster sedimentation rate, good stability of the obtained organic polymer flocculant, concentrated molecular weight, easy dissolution and better economic and social benefits.
2. The organic polymer flocculant prepared by the method has larger molecular weight, better flocculation effect and high sedimentation rate besides the flocculation effect of the conventional flocculant. Therefore, the organic polymeric flocculant has good social benefit and economic benefit in practical application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, wherein the raw materials used are common commercial products unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding an acrylamide reaction monomer with the mass concentration of 20% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the acrylamide reaction monomer.
2) Adding 0.5 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.10 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying for reaction for 30min under the nitrogen environment.
4) Adding 0.2% g-C into the reaction system 3 N 4 A visible light initiator.
5) The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 100W/m 2 And (3) carrying out irradiation reaction for 150min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
Example 2:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding a 25 mass percent reaction monomer of acrylamide and acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the monomer.
2) Adding 0.8 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.12 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying for reaction for 45min under the nitrogen environment.
4) A visible light initiator of 2, 2' -azabicyclo (2-imidazoline) dihydrochloride with the concentration of 0.3 percent is added into the reaction system.
5）The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 110W/m 2 Irradiating for 135min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
Example 3:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding reaction monomers of acrylamide, acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride with the mass concentration of 30% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the monomers.
2) Adding 1.0 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.14 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying for reaction for 60min under the nitrogen environment.
4) Adding modified TiO with the concentration of 0.4 percent into the reaction system 2 A visible light initiator.
5) The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 120W/m 2 Irradiating for 120min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
Example 4:
1) preparing dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride reaction monomer with the mass concentration of 30% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride reaction monomer.
2) Adding 0.5 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.16 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying for reaction for 30min under the nitrogen environment.
4) Adding modified TiO with the concentration of 0.4 percent into the reaction system 2 A visible light initiator.
5) The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 130W/m 2 Irradiating for reaction for 150min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
Example 5:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding a 25 mass percent reaction monomer of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the monomer.
2) Adding 0.8 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.18 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying to react for 45min under the nitrogen environment.
4) A visible light initiator of 2, 2' -azabicyclo (2-imidazoline) dihydrochloride with the concentration of 0.3 percent is added into the reaction system.
5) The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 140W/m 2 Irradiating for 135min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
Example 6:
1) preparing a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L by using ultrapure water, adding a dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride reaction monomer with the mass concentration of 20% into the electrolyte solution, and quickly stirring to dissolve and uniformly mix the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride reaction monomer.
2) Adding 1.0 mass percent of cerium sulfate into a reactor, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix the cerium sulfate and the cerium sulfate.
3) Inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The current density is 0.20 A.cm at room temperature with Ti as anode and Ti as cathode -2 And electrifying for reaction for 60min under the nitrogen environment.
4) Adding 0.2% g-C into the reaction system 3 N 4 A visible light initiator.
5) The radiation intensity of a visible light source is 150W/m 2 Irradiating for 120min, curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
The molecular weight of the organic polymeric flocculant prepared in examples 1 to 6 and the removal rate of colloidal particles in the source water were measured, and the data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance parameters of organic polymeric flocculants
Product performance Molecular weight of organic polymer flocculant (kDa) Removal rate of colloidal particles in source water (%)
Example 1 923.2 94.6
Example 2 1241.2 96.1
Example 3 1523.6 97.5
Example 4 1301.4 96.3
Example 5 1357.1 96.4
Example 6 1035.5 94.9
As can be seen from the above table 1, the synthesis method of the organic polymeric flocculant of the present invention has characteristics of large molecular weight, low energy consumption, high initiation efficiency, short reaction time, excellent product performance, high settling rate, and good social and economic benefits in practical applications.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned examples of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Variations and modifications in other variations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. It is not exhaustive here for all embodiments. All obvious changes and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A synthetic method of organic polymeric flocculant is characterized in that diluted sulfuric acid electrolyte solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L is prepared by ultrapure water, reaction monomers are added into the electrolyte solution, and the mixture is rapidly stirred to be dissolved and uniformly mixed; adding cerium sulfate with the mass fraction of 0.5-1.0%, and quickly stirring to uniformly mix; inserting electrode material, PbO 2 The anode is Ti, the cathode is Ti, and the current density is 0.1-0.2 A.cm at room temperature -2 Electrifying to react for 2-4 h in a nitrogen environment; when the electrifying reaction is carried out for 0.5-1 h, adding a visible light initiator into the reaction system, and continuing the reaction under the irradiation of a visible light source until the reaction is finished; curing and purifying to obtain the organic polymer flocculant.
2. The method for synthesizing an organic polymeric flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the reactive monomer comprises one, two or more of acrylamide, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and the like.
3. The method for synthesizing the organic polymeric flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the reaction monomer is 20 to 30%.
4. The method for synthesizing organic polymeric flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the visible light initiator is g-C 3 N 4 2, 2' -azabicyclo (2-imidazoline) dihydrochloride and modified TiO 2 And the concentration of the visible light initiator in the reaction system is 0.2-0.4%.
5. The method for synthesizing the organic polymeric flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the visible light source comprises sunlight, a fluorescent lamp, an LED lamp and the like.
6. The method for synthesizing the organic polymeric flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the radiation intensity of a visible light source is 100 to 150W/m 2 。
CN202210772027.7A 2022-07-02 2022-07-02 Synthetic method of organic polymeric flocculant Withdrawn CN115094450A (en)

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