CN115093238A - Refractory castable for tapping channel of submerged arc furnace and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refractory castable for tapping channel of submerged arc furnace and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of refractory materials of the submerged arc furnace. The refractory castable comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: brown corundum 5-10%, compact corundum 5-8%, reclaimed material 60-70%, SiC powder 10-15%, alpha-Al 2 O 3 2 to 3.5 percent of micro powder, 1 to 1.5 percent of silicon powder, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of metal aluminum powder, 1 to 2 percent of ball asphalt and SiO 2 0-2.5% of micro powder and 1-8% of additive. The novel refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace prepared by the invention is applied to the tapping channel system of the submerged arc furnace, has the advantages of high volume density, low porosity, normal temperature pressure resistance, high bending resistance, anti-explosion temperature of more than 500 ℃, can better adapt to on-site baking conditions, can be firmly combined with residual lining, and has high overall strength, good thermal shock resistance and strong slag iron corrosion resistanceThe advantages of (1).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials for submerged arc furnaces, and particularly relates to a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The submerged arc furnace is an electric furnace for producing ferroalloy such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferronickel and the like by utilizing the energy of electric arc; working characteristics of ore furnaceThe electrode is inserted into furnace burden to carry out submerged arc operation, the resistance is utilized to generate energy to smelt metal, and the industrial electric furnace is used for continuous charging, intermittent iron slag discharging and continuous operation; the iron tapping runner system mainly comprises a main iron runner and a slag runner, and is used for separating iron slag, treating the slag by the slag runner first, and then guiding molten iron into a molten iron tank from the iron runner; the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace is laid in a steel plate groove or on a concrete foundation, the permanent lining can be built by refractory bricks or by amorphous refractory materials, and the working lining is mostly built by amorphous materials at present; at present, most of working linings of tapping sites of submerged arc furnaces are made of Al 2 O 3 -SiC-C amorphous refractory.
Al 2 O 3 The deterioration of the-SiC-C amorphous refractory material is mainly composed of three aspects: firstly, the high-temperature molten iron and the slag damage the whole structure due to cracks and oxidation caused by thermal shock; second, structural damage caused by permeation of the high-temperature molten iron and the slag into the interior thereof; thirdly, the high-temperature molten iron and the slag are eroded and washed; the consumption of steel and refractory materials in China is large, and the quantity of waste refractory materials generated by the consumption is large.
The raw materials such as brown corundum, silicon carbide and the like which are used in large quantities in the refractory materials of the iron tap channel can not be subjected to high-temperature calcination or electric melting processing of refractory mineral raw materials, and the defects of high production cost and high energy consumption exist; the used waste refractory materials also have a considerable part of high-quality refractory materials; but the recycled material contains a plurality of small crystals which are not grown and are not grown, the small crystals grow and grow continuously under certain conditions to form normal crystals, but the crystals grow abnormally under high temperature and high pressure for a long time, external air holes can enter the crystals to form closed air holes, the density of aggregate is reduced, in addition, the water consumption of the recycled material in the casting molding process is large, the volume density is reduced along with the increase of the recycled material, the linear change rate after the sintering is gradually reduced, various defects are generated on the alumina crystals, mass points of the crystals are moved to pores in the crystals or the surfaces of the crystals from the original positions, vacancies are formed at the original positions, so that the bonding strength in the crystals is reduced, the sizes of the crystals are increased, the density of the crystals is reduced, the deviation between the crystals occurs, the mutual quality inspection generates micro-cracks, the bonding force in the crystals is reduced and the density of the crystals is reduced due to the generation of the micro-cracks, the recycled material has low particle strength, large internal porosity of particles, reduced breaking strength and compressive strength of the castable, and low-purity aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and silicon carbide in the new castable are easy to form low-melting-point compounds with a small amount of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide contained in slag of the recycled material, so that the performance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace and a preparation method thereof, and solves the following technical problems:
(1) in the prior art, a great amount of high-quality brown corundum, compact corundum, SiC and the like are used for preparing Al 2 O 3 the-SiC-C amorphous refractory material has high production cost;
(2) in the prior art, the recovery and the utilization are only to add the crushed waste materials into the raw materials to prepare the refractory material, and the performance of the obtained refractory material is difficult to guarantee.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
brown corundum 5-10%
Dense corundum 5-8%
60 to 70 percent of reclaimed materials
SiC powder 10-15%
α-Al 2 O 3 2 to 3.5 percent of micro powder
1 to 1.5 percent of silicon powder
0.1 to 0.15 percent of metal aluminum powder
1 to 2 percent of ball asphalt
SiO 2 0 to 2.5 percent of micro powder
1 to 8 percent of additive.
As a further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the reclaimed material comprises the following steps:
s1, removing slag layers of the waste refractory materials of the blast furnace and the submerged arc furnace, crushing the waste refractory materials by using a jaw crusher, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 8mm in a grading manner;
s2, removing false particles in the recycled particles by adopting a wheel milling method, and removing the false particles by adopting an SHN type wheel mill for 6 min;
s3, screening a primary reclaimed material with the particle size of 5-3mm, a secondary reclaimed material with the particle size of 3-1mm and a tertiary reclaimed material with the particle size of less than 1mm by using a double-layer vibrating screen;
and S4, carrying out physical iron removal on the primary reclaimed material, the secondary reclaimed material and the tertiary reclaimed material by using a magnet rod, wherein the iron content is reduced to below 1%.
As a further scheme of the invention: the mass ratio of the first-stage reclaimed materials, the second-stage reclaimed materials and the third-stage reclaimed materials in the reclaimed materials is 1:2-3: 3-6.
As a further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking ethyl orthosilicate, absolute ethyl alcohol, deionized water and 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing for 1-2h at 60 ℃, and then adding the mixed solution to obtain a component A;
(2) taking tetrabutyl titanate, acetylacetone and absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a component B;
(3) and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B to obtain the additive.
As a further scheme of the invention: ethyl orthosilicate in the step (1): anhydrous ethanol: deionized water: the volume ratio of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid is 8-12:8-12:0.8-1.2: 0.01-0.03.
As a further scheme of the invention: the mixed solution in the step (1) is obtained by mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1.5-2:2, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution to tetraethoxysilane is 1: 2-4.
As a further scheme of the invention: tetrabutyl titanate in the step (2): acetylacetone: the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 100: 30-50:6000-10000.
As a further scheme of the invention: the brown corundum comprises the following brown corundum in percentage by weight: 10% of brown corundum with the grain size of 3-5mm, 25-30% of brown corundum with the grain size of 1-3mm, 27-32% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.1-1mm, 16-22% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.05-0.1mm and 10-15% of brown corundum with the grain size of less than 0.1 mm.
As a further scheme of the invention: the particle size of the compact corundum is less than 0.044 mm.
As a further scheme of the invention: the grain size of the SiC powder is less than 0.044 mm.
A preparation method of a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
dry-mixing the powder for 30s, adding the aggregate for 30s, adding the additive, adding water with the mass fraction of 5.5% of the total components, wet-mixing for 120s, and uniformly stirring the materials; the aggregate comprises brown corundum, compact corundum and reclaimed materials, and the powder comprises SiC powder and alpha-Al 2 O 3 Micro powder, silicon powder, metal aluminum powder, spherical asphalt and SiO 2 And (5) micro-powder.
The main raw materials of corundum, silicon carbide and carbon are matched with each other to make up the respective defects, and the addition of silicon carbide and carbon enables the corundum to have good thermal shock stability and erosion resistance.
Al 2 O 3 The active micro powder with the particle size of less than 5um improves the fluidity and sintering performance of the material; al (Al) 2 O 3 Reducing CaO and SiO at high temperature 2 The corrosion resistance of the material is improved under the condition of low-melting substances generated by the reaction.
SiO 2 The micro powder can improve the fluidity of the material and promote the sintering of the casting material in the casting material system; the silicon powder reacts with carbon to generate silicon carbide with very fine granularity and Si-O-N crystal whiskers or particles, so that air holes are blocked, the porosity is reduced, the volume density is increased, and the compressive strength is increased; the silicon carbide and the carbon are excellent materials with high fire resistance, high heat conduction and erosion resistance, and the silicon carbide and the carbon are matched to play roles of preventing oxidation and preventing slag from permeating into a matrix.
The metal aluminum powder generates a new fine aluminum oxide new phase in the reaction process, and the new phase particles can promote the sintering and densification of the sample along with the high-temperature heat preservation treatment.
The silicon carbide is added in a fine powder form, so that the anti-scouring capability of the iron runner material is improved.
The spherical asphalt is carbonized among the particles of the materials to be combined to form the combined carbon among the particles to generate firm carbon combination, and the asphalt component is carbonized under the high-temperature condition to form graphite carbon, so that the material has better high-temperature structural strength.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention recycles the refractory castable for the tapping channel after the submerged arc furnace and the blast furnace, and separates and reprocesses the waste refractory castable in the tapping channel by a special process; under the high-temperature action of high-temperature molten iron in the waste refractory material, the refractory material particles and particles, and materials sintered and agglomerated between the particles and a matrix have higher strength, and a part of pseudo particles are generated after simple crushing; the novel refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace is prepared by adding the additive prepared by the invention, is applied to the tapping channel system of the submerged arc furnace, and has the advantages of high volume density, low porosity, normal temperature pressure resistance, high bending resistance, anti-explosion temperature of more than 500 ℃, capability of better adapting to on-site baking conditions, capability of being firmly combined with residual linings, high overall strength, good thermal shock resistance and strong slag iron corrosion resistance; the method is used for doping 60-70% of waste Al 2 O 3 The refractory material prepared on the premise of the-SiC-C brick particles is completely suitable for the performance requirements of a tapping channel system in a submerged arc furnace on refractory castable; the raw materials use a large amount of recycled castable waste, so that the cost of the raw materials is greatly reduced, and obvious economic benefit is generated.
(2) The brown corundum, the compact corundum and the reclaimed materials in the components play a skeleton role in the material, the size of the reclaimed materials is reasonably prepared, the condition that the recycled materials are unreasonable in grain size grading due to the fact that simple coarse grains are added, and loose tissues in which the coarse grains are in contact with the coarse grains are formed is effectively avoided, the refractory material is not prone to generating thermal shock cracks after high-temperature frequent heat circulation, the overall strength is kept, and the anti-erosion performance is maintained; the additive is introduced into the components, so that the problems that the product is cracked due to high-temperature sintering shrinkage of the product, and the addition of the recycled refractory material in the components causes large water addition amount, poor fluidity and low density in the preparation process are solved; in the additive of the inventionThe internal structure of the polysilicic acid dispersion system is siloxane (-Si-O-Si-) network and alpha-Al 2 O 3 When the micro powder is mixed, the additive can be adsorbed on alpha-Al 2 O 3 The surface of the particles forms monolayer saturation distribution and is filled in the gaps of the particles, so the dispersibility and the permeability are good, and the alpha-Al is combined by chemical bonds (Si-O-Si) to form a stable space network structure through drying or sintering treatment 2 O 3 The particles are firmly bonded together and in Al 2 O 3 The surface of the particle forms a nano-coated micro-composite structure, and meanwhile, the additive covers the surface of the solid to form a firm silica gel film, so that the bonding, curing and forming characteristics of the material are enhanced, the strength loss of a medium temperature area does not exist, and the oxidation resistance is good; the titanium element in the additive is reduced into titanium carbide, carbon nitride and titanium carbonitride at high temperature, the titanium carbide, the carbon nitride and the titanium carbonitride are dissolved in the molten steel, and the titanium carbide, the carbon nitride and the titanium carbonitride are precipitated at the seriously corroded part due to the reduction of the solubility, so that concentration difference is generated, the titanium carbide, the carbon nitride and the titanium carbonitride continuously migrate to the seriously corroded part, and high-melting-point titanium compounds mainly comprising the titanium carbide, the carbon nitride and the titanium carbonitride are formed on the surface of the seriously corroded part; the danger that the iron-out hook is seriously corroded due to overhigh silicon dioxide content in slag in the slag discharging process is effectively avoided; at the slag-iron hook material interface, carbon monoxide bubbles generated from the bottom of the reaction of silicon dioxide and carbon in the slag are also effectively prevented from accelerating the erosion of the iron runner material, and the addition of the titanium element also improves the erosion resistance of the castable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the reclaimed material comprises the following steps:
s1, removing slag layers from the waste refractory materials of the blast furnace and the submerged arc furnace, crushing the waste refractory materials by using a jaw crusher, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 8mm in a grading manner;
s2, removing false particles in the recycled particles by adopting a wheel milling method, and removing the false particles by adopting an SHN type wheel mill for 6 min;
s3, screening a primary reclaimed material with the particle size of 5-3mm, a secondary reclaimed material with the particle size of 3-1mm and a tertiary reclaimed material with the particle size of less than 1mm by using a double-layer vibrating screen;
and S4, carrying out physical iron removal on the primary reclaimed material, the secondary reclaimed material and the tertiary reclaimed material by using a magnet rod, wherein the iron content is reduced to below 1%.
The mass ratio of the first-stage reclaimed materials, the second-stage reclaimed materials and the third-stage reclaimed materials in the reclaimed materials is 1:2: 3.
Example 2
The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 8mL of ethyl orthosilicate, 8mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.8mL of deionized water and 0.01mL of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing for 1h at 60 ℃, and then adding 4mL of mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution is obtained by mixing the deionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1.5:2 to obtain a component A;
(2) taking 10g of tetrabutyl titanate, 3g of acetylacetone and 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a component B;
(3) and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B to obtain the additive.
Example 3
The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 10mL of tetraethoxysilane, 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1mL of deionized water and 0.02mL of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing for 1.5h at 60 ℃, and then adding 4mL of mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution is obtained by mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1.5:2 to obtain a component A;
(2) taking 10g of tetrabutyl titanate, 4g of acetylacetone and 800g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a component B;
(3) and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B to obtain the additive.
Example 4
The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 12mL of tetraethoxysilane, 12mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1.2mL of deionized water and 0.03mL of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing for 2h at 60 ℃, and then adding 3mL of mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution is obtained by mixing the deionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a component A;
(2) taking 10g of tetrabutyl titanate, 5g of acetylacetone and 1000g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a component B;
(3) and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B to obtain the additive.
Example 5
The refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
brown corundum 5%
Compact corundum 7%
64 percent of reclaimed materials
11 percent of SiC powder
α-Al 2 O 3 3 percent of micro powder
1.4 percent of silicon powder
0.1 percent of metal aluminum powder
Ball asphalt 1.5%
SiO 2 2 percent of micro powder
5 percent of additive.
The brown corundum comprises the following brown corundum in percentage by weight: 10% of brown corundum with the grain size of 3-5mm, 25% of brown corundum with the grain size of 1-3mm, 30% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.1-1mm, 20% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.05-0.1mm and 15% of brown corundum with the grain size of less than 0.1 mm.
The particle size of the compact corundum is less than 0.044 mm.
The grain size of the SiC powder is less than 0.044 mm.
A preparation method of a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
mixing SiC powder and alpha-Al according to a certain proportion 2 O 3 Micro powder, silicon powder, metal aluminum powder, spherical asphalt and SiO 2 Dry mixing the micro powder for 30s, adding brown corundum, dense corundum and the recycled material prepared in the example 1 for 30s, adding the additive prepared in the example 2, adding water with the total component mass fraction of 5.5%, wet mixing for 120s,the materials are stirred evenly.
Example 6
The refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
brown corundum 5%
Compact corundum 7%
63 percent of reclaimed materials
11 percent of SiC powder
α-Al 2 O 3 3 percent of micro powder
1.4 percent of silicon powder
0.1 percent of metal aluminum powder
Ball asphalt 1.5%
SiO 2 2 percent of micro powder
6 percent of additive.
The brown corundum comprises the following brown corundum in percentage by weight: 10% of brown corundum with the grain size of 3-5mm, 25% of brown corundum with the grain size of 1-3mm, 30% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.1-1mm, 20% of brown corundum with the grain size of 0.05-0.1mm and 15% of brown corundum with the grain size of less than 0.1 mm.
The particle size of the compact corundum is less than 0.044 mm.
The grain size of the SiC powder is less than 0.044 mm.
A preparation method of a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
mixing SiC powder and alpha-Al according to a certain proportion 2 O 3 Micro powder, silicon powder, metal aluminum powder, spherical asphalt and SiO 2 Dry mixing the micro powder for 30s, adding brown corundum, compact corundum and the reclaimed material prepared in the example 1 for dry mixing for 30s, adding the additive prepared in the example 3, adding water with the total component mass fraction of 5.5%, wet mixing for 120s, and uniformly stirring the materials.
Example 7
The refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
brown corundum 5%
Compact corundum 7%
The reclaimed material is 61 percent
11 percent of SiC powder
α-Al 2 O 3 3 percent of micro powder
1.4 percent of silicon powder
0.1 percent of metal aluminum powder
Ball asphalt 1.5%
SiO 2 2 percent of micro powder
8 percent of additive.
The brown corundum comprises the following brown corundum in percentage by weight: 10% of brown fused alumina with the grain size of 3-5mm, 25% of brown fused alumina with the grain size of 1-3mm, 30% of brown fused alumina with the grain size of 0.1-1mm, 20% of brown fused alumina with the grain size of 0.05-0.1mm and 15% of brown fused alumina with the grain size of less than 0.1 mm.
The particle size of the compact corundum is less than 0.044 mm.
The grain size of the SiC powder is less than 0.044 mm.
A preparation method of a refractory castable for a tapping channel of a submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
mixing SiC powder and alpha-Al according to a certain proportion 2 O 3 Micro powder, silicon powder, metal aluminum powder, spherical asphalt and SiO 2 And (3) carrying out dry mixing on micro powder for 30s, adding brown corundum, compact corundum and the recycled material prepared in the example 1 for 30s in a dry mixing manner, adding the additive prepared in the example 4, adding water with the total component mass fraction of 5.5%, carrying out wet mixing for 120s, and uniformly stirring the materials.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the reclaimed material comprises the following steps:
s1, removing slag layers from the waste refractory materials of the blast furnace and the submerged arc furnace, crushing the waste refractory materials by using a jaw crusher, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 8mm in a grading manner;
s2, screening a primary reclaimed material with the particle size of 5-3mm, a secondary reclaimed material with the particle size of 3-1mm and a tertiary reclaimed material with the particle size of less than 1mm by using a double-layer vibrating screen;
and S3, carrying out physical iron removal on the primary reclaimed material, the secondary reclaimed material and the tertiary reclaimed material by using a magnet rod, wherein the iron content is reduced to below 1%.
The mass ratio of the first-stage reclaimed materials, the second-stage reclaimed materials and the third-stage reclaimed materials in the reclaimed materials is 1:2: 3.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the reclaimed material comprises the following steps:
s1, removing slag layers of the waste refractory materials of the blast furnace and the submerged arc furnace, crushing the waste refractory materials by using a jaw crusher, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 8mm in a grading manner;
s2, removing false particles in the recycled particles by adopting a wheel milling method, and removing the false particles by adopting an SHN type wheel mill for 6 min;
s3, screening out a primary reclaimed material with the particle size of 5-3mm, a secondary reclaimed material with the particle size of 3-1mm and a tertiary reclaimed material with the particle size of less than 1mm by using a double-layer vibrating screen.
The mass ratio of the first-stage reclaimed materials, the second-stage reclaimed materials and the third-stage reclaimed materials in the reclaimed materials is 1:2: 3.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 8mL of ethyl orthosilicate, 8mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.8mL of deionized water and 0.01mL of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing for 1h at 60 ℃, and then adding 4mL of mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 1.5:2, and the mixed solution is obtained by mixing the deionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the additive.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 10g of tetrabutyl titanate, 3g of acetylacetone and 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain the additive.
Comparative example 5
Compared with the embodiment 5, the reclaimed materials prepared in the embodiment 1 are replaced by the reclaimed materials prepared in the proportion 1, and the rest components, the proportion and the preparation method are completely consistent.
Comparative example 6
Compared with the embodiment 5, the reclaimed material prepared in the embodiment 1 is replaced by the reclaimed material prepared in the comparative example 2 in terms of the same quality, and the rest components, the mixture ratio and the preparation method are completely consistent.
Comparative example 7
Compared with the example 5, the additive prepared in the comparative example 3 is replaced by the additive prepared in the example 2, and the other components, the proportion and the preparation method are completely consistent.
Comparative example 8
Compared with the example 5, the additive prepared in the comparative example 4 is replaced by the additive prepared in the comparative example 2, and the rest components, the proportion and the preparation method are completely consistent.
Comparative example 9
Compared with example 5, the reclaimed material prepared in example 1 was replaced by the reclaimed material prepared in comparative example 1 in terms of mass, and the additive prepared in example 2 was not added.
Performance detection
The casting materials prepared in the examples 5-7 and the comparative examples 5-9 are put into a stirrer to be stirred, proper amount of water is gradually added in the stirring process, the process is 1min, and then the stirring is carried out for 4 min; after uniformly stirring, pouring the materials into a triple die with 40mmx40mmx160mm, carrying out vibration casting molding on a vibration table, carrying out natural curing for 24 hours, then demoulding, putting the materials into an oven, drying for 24 hours at 110 ℃, then carrying out heat preservation for 3 hours at 1450 ℃, firing, and cooling along with the oven; after cooling, the apparent porosity, volume density, linear change rate, flexural strength, compressive strength and high-temperature flexural strength of the test sample were measured, and the test data are shown in tables 1-2.
(1) Rate of change of line
The linear change rate of the sample after heat treatment at different temperatures is measured according to GB/T5988-:
Y 1 =（L 2 -L 1 ）/L 1 ×100%
Y 2 =（L 3 -L 1 ）/L 1 ×100%
wherein, L in the formula 1 Length of sample after demoulding for shaping, L 2 Length of the sample after baking for 24 hours, L 3 The length of the fired sample.
(2) Bulk density and apparent porosity
The porosity and volume density of a sintered sample are detected by an Archimedes principle by adopting an open porosity density tester model XQK-03 produced by Luoyang refractory research institute Co., Ltd of Medium Steel group, and the calculation formula is as follows:
bulk density = m 1 d/(m 3 -m 2 )
Apparent porosity = (m) 3 -m 1 ）/(m 3 -m 2 )×100%
Wherein, m in the formula 1 Is the weight in air of the sample, m 2 M3 is the weight of the sample suspended in the liquid, m is the weight of the sample after saturated adsorption of the liquid by vacuum suction, and d is the density of the liquid used in the test.
(3) Normal temperature compressive strength
The normal temperature compressive strength of the sample after sintering is detected according to GB/T5072-2008, and the calculation formula is as follows:
P=F/S
wherein, P is the normal temperature compressive strength, MPa; s is the area of the sample under pressure, m 2 (ii) a F is the ultimate pressure, N, required to crush the sample.
(4) Normal temperature bending strength
The normal-temperature rupture strength of the sample after sintering is detected according to GB/T3001-2007, and the calculation formula is as follows:
R=3WL/(2bd 2 )
wherein R in the formula is rupture strength MPa; w is the maximum load when the sample is broken, N; l is the span of the support sample, mm; b is the width of the sample, mm; d is the height of the sample, mm.
(5) Slag resistance
Adopting a static crucible method, forming the uniformly mixed castable into a crucible sample (the external dimension is 70mmx70mmx70mm, the slag hole dimension is 30mmx30mm) in a vibration mode, demoulding after hardening, maintaining at normal temperature for 24 hours, and then drying in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for 24 hours; adding 30g of blast furnace slag into a crucible sample, and preserving heat for 3 hours at 1500 ℃; and after natural cooling, symmetrically cutting the crucible along the center line of the crucible, and evaluating the slag corrosion resistance of the castable by adopting a corrosion index:
erosion index = (S-S) 0 )/S 0 x100%
Wherein: s is the central sectional area of the eroded crucible hole, S 0 Is the central sectional area of the original crucible hole.
Table 1: examples 5 to 7 results of performance measurement
Table 2: comparative examples 5 to 9 Performance test results
As shown in tables 1-2, the castable prepared in examples 5-7 has the advantages of high volume density, low porosity, normal temperature pressure resistance, high bending resistance, anti-explosion temperature of more than 500 ℃, capability of better adapting to on-site baking conditions, capability of firmly combining with residual lining, high overall strength, good thermal shock resistance and strong slag iron corrosion resistance.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The refractory castable for the tapping channel of the submerged arc furnace is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
brown corundum 5-10%
Compact corundum 5-8%
60 to 70 percent of reclaimed materials
10 to 15 percent of SiC powder
α-Al 2 O 3 2 to 3.5 percent of micro powder
1 to 1.5 percent of silicon powder
0.1 to 0.15 percent of metal aluminum powder
1 to 2 percent of ball asphalt
SiO 2 0 to 2.5 percent of micro powder
1-8% of an additive;
the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:
(1) taking tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, deionized water and 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid, refluxing and adding the mixed solution to obtain a component A;
(2) taking tetrabutyl titanate, acetylacetone and absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a component B;
(3) and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B to obtain the additive.
2. The refractory castable for the tapping runner of the submerged arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the reclaimed materials comprises the following steps:
s1, removing slag layers of the waste refractory materials of the blast furnace and the submerged arc furnace, crushing the waste refractory materials by using a jaw crusher, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 8mm in a grading manner;
s2, removing false particles in the recovered particles by adopting a wheel milling method;
s3, screening a primary reclaimed material with the particle size of 5-3mm, a secondary reclaimed material with the particle size of 3-1mm and a tertiary reclaimed material with the particle size of less than 1mm by using a double-layer vibrating screen;
s4, carrying out physical iron removal on the first-stage recycled material, the second-stage recycled material and the third-stage recycled material by using a magnet rod, wherein the iron content is reduced to below 1%.
3. The refractory castable for the tapping runner of the submerged arc furnace according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of ethyl orthosilicate in the step (1): anhydrous ethanol: deionized water: the volume ratio of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid is 8-12:8-12:0.8-1.2: 0.01-0.03.
4. The refractory castable for the tapping runner of the submerged arc furnace according to claim 2, wherein the mixed solution in the step (1) is obtained by mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1.5-2:2, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the tetraethoxysilane is 1: 2-4.
5. The refractory castable for the tapping runner of the submerged arc furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (2), tetrabutyl titanate: acetylacetone: the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 100: 30-50:6000-10000.
6. The method for preparing the refractory castable for the tapping runner of the submerged arc furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the powder is dry-mixed for 30s, the aggregate is added for dry-mixed for 30s, the additive is added, the water accounting for 5.5 percent of the total components is added, the wet mixing is carried out for 120s, and the materials are uniformly stirred.
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Denomination of invention: A refractory casting material for the iron discharge channel of a submerged arc furnace and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230721 Granted publication date: 20221129 Pledgee: Ningxiang sub branch of Bank of Changsha Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: HUNAN LIDA HIGH-NEW MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980049276 |
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