CN115093181B - High-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in loess region and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in loess region and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115093181B CN115093181B CN202210848969.9A CN202210848969A CN115093181B CN 115093181 B CN115093181 B CN 115093181B CN 202210848969 A CN202210848969 A CN 202210848969A CN 115093181 B CN115093181 B CN 115093181B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C1/00—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay
- B28C1/003—Plant; Methods
- B28C1/006—Methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/0007—Pretreatment of the ingredients, e.g. by heating, sorting, grading, drying, disintegrating; Preventing generation of dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in a loess area and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-strength baking-free brick comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 to 90.1 parts of residue soil, 9.8 to 14.8 parts of cement and 0.1 to 0.2 part of soil curing agent; the muck is dehydrated shield muck; the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the aqueous epoxy resin to the sodium methyl silicate to the nano silicon dioxide to the potassium chloride to the potassium sulfate is (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4): 2-4). The invention can well use the subway shield muck to manufacture the baking-free pressed bricks, and has lower cost and better strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield construction in loess areas, and particularly relates to a high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in loess areas and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The subway shield muck is generated along with the subway shield tunneling process, and due to the addition of additives (foam and bentonite), different geological conditions and different tunneling devices, the formed shield muck presents various forms such as plasticity, soft plasticity, flow plasticity and the like, wherein: the muck generated by the earth pressure balance shield is mostly in a plastic and soft plastic state, and even can be in a flow plastic state; the muck generated by the slurry shield is in a flow plastic state. According to investigation, most of shield muck in the existing subway project under construction is directly consumed and abandoned.
The bricks which are circulated in the market at present are mainly two types, one is that the traditional red bricks are mainly sintered by adding soil coal gangue and firing the bricks through high-temperature spontaneous combustion, and the finished bricks of the type have unstable quality and poor appearance; the second is a baking-free pressed brick which is formed by pressing concrete waste materials, cement and water, and the brick has good quality but higher cost and cannot be mixed with soil materials.
If the subway shield muck can be used for manufacturing bricks, particularly non-fired pressed bricks, and the manufacturing cost of the non-fired pressed bricks can be reduced, good economic and environmental benefits can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the high-strength baking-free brick based on the shield muck in the loess region and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in the loess region comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
85 to 90.1 portions of residue soil, 9.8 to 14.8 portions of cement and 0.1 to 0.2 portion of soil curing agent;
the muck is dehydrated shield muck;
the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the aqueous epoxy resin to the sodium methyl silicate to the nano silicon dioxide to the potassium chloride to the potassium sulfate is (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4): 2-4).
Preferably, the water content of the residue soil is 15-23%.
Preferably, the cement is ordinary portland cement.
Preferably, the high-strength baking-free brick based on the shield muck in the loess region has the brick forming strength of 28-43 MPa and the strength after water absorption of 36-56 MPa.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in a loess region, which comprises the following steps:
preparing shield muck into slurry, sieving the slurry, and then flocculating, dehydrating and crushing to obtain muck;
uniformly mixing the muck, the cement, the soil curing agent and the water, pressing the mixture into bricks, and then maintaining the bricks to obtain the high-strength baking-free bricks based on the shield muck in the loess region;
the mass ratio of the muck to the cement to the soil curing agent is (85-90.1) to (9.8-14.8) to (0.1-0.2);
the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the aqueous epoxy resin to the sodium methyl silicate to the nano silicon dioxide to the potassium chloride to the potassium sulfate is (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4) = (2-4): (2-4).
Preferably, the preparation method of the invention also comprises a process of sieving the muck, wherein the sieving process is carried out according to the standard shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
| Mesh size | 5mm | 2mm | 1mm | 0.5mm | 0.25mm | 0.075mm |
| Passing rate | 100 | 90 | 80 | 65 | 55 | 40 |
And uniformly mixing the sieved residual soil, cement and a soil curing agent.
Preferably, when the slurry is flocculated, the adopted flocculating agent is a polyacrylamide flocculating agent, and the water content of the dewatered residue soil is 15-23%.
Preferably, when the muck, the cement, the soil curing agent and the water are uniformly mixed and pressed into the brick, the soil curing agent and the water are uniformly mixed to dissolve the soil curing agent, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed with the muck and the cement.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the soil stabilizer to the water is 1: (2.5-3), when the brick is pressed, the compaction ratio is (10.7-12.2): 1, the curing time is 28-84 days.
Preferably, the cement is ordinary portland cement.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the main component of the high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in loess areas is shield muck, the soil curing agent is combined, the using amount of cement and the soil curing agent is less, the cost of the whole baking-free brick is greatly reduced, and the current cost is calculated as follows: the shield is retrieved the dregs, almost no cost, and raw materials cement use cost: 450 yuan/t; curing agent cost: 12000-13000 yuan/t, 550 bricks are formed by the dregs of each square, and the cost of a single brick is 0.18-0.29 yuan. Meanwhile, the formed strength of the high-strength baking-free brick is 28-43 MPa, and the strength is increased to 36-56 MPa after water absorption, so that the high-strength baking-free brick can meet the use requirement and has better strength. From the above, the present invention well solves the problems encountered in the prior art: the problems of difficult loading and transportation, road spillage and environmental pollution in the shield muck abandoning process are solved; the waste of muck resources caused by direct abandonment and transportation of the shield muck is solved; thirdly, the problem that a large amount of land resources are occupied due to the arrangement of the shield muck digestion site is solved; fourthly, the problems that haze can be generated if shield muck is improperly treated, the appearance of a city is damaged, and the urban environment is deteriorated are solved; fifthly, the problem that the quality and the cost of the engineering bricks in the traditional market cannot be considered at the same time is solved; sixthly, a high-strength brick making scheme is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-strength baking-free brick in example 1 of the present invention, which is cured for 7 days; FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-strength baking-free brick in example 1 of the present invention, which is cured for 60 days;
FIG. 2 (a) is an SEM (4000 times magnification) of the surface of a cured high-strength baking-free brick of 56-day age shown in FIG. 1 (b);
FIG. 2 (b) is an energy spectrum elemental analysis chart of a surface micro-region of a cured high-strength baking-free brick of 56-day age shown in FIG. 1 (b).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The technical scheme of the invention is mainly divided into two parts: the technical scheme of the shield dewatering and the technical scheme of the shield pressing brick are adopted.
The soil quality condition of the shield muck adopted in the following embodiment of the invention is as follows:
aiming at the main soil properties of old loess (above water), old loess (below water), old loess (above water) (soft) and ancient soil (below water), the physical properties of each soil layer are shown in table 1, the limit water content of each soil layer is shown in table 2, and the compression performance of each soil layer is shown in table 3:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
The technical scheme of shield dehydration comprises the following steps:
And 2, a stirrer is arranged in the treatment tank 1, and the slurry is dissolved into slurry under the action of the stirrer and then overflows to the treatment tank 2 through a short wall.
And 3, arranging a vibrating screen in the treatment tank 2, filtering large-particle-size solid particles through the vibrating screen, and pumping the large-particle-size solid particles to the treatment tank 3 through a slurry pump.
And 4, adding a polyacrylamide flocculant into the treatment pool 3, feeding the flocculated mixture into a filter press by a filter press slurry supply pump after flocculation, dehydrating the residue soil by using the filter press, controlling the water content after dehydration to be 15-23%, and pressing the dehydrated residue soil into a mud cake.
The shield is pressed into bricks.
And (3) crushing the dehydrated shield muck by a soil crusher, adding cement and a soil curing agent, pressing the mixture into bricks by a press, and curing the bricks for use.
The curing principle of the soil curing agent of the invention is as follows: the engineering property of the soil is changed by a series of physical and chemical reactions after the soil curing agent is mixed with the soil, and a large amount of free water in the soil can be fixed in the form of crystal water, so that the surface current of a soil micelle is reduced, an electric double layer adsorbed by the micelle is thinned, the electrolyte concentration is enhanced, particles tend to agglomerate, and the volume is expanded to further fill the soil pores.
The curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the aqueous epoxy resin to the sodium methyl silicate to the nano silicon dioxide to the potassium chloride to the potassium sulfate is (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4): 2-4).
Pressed brick proportion (mass ratio)
85 to 90.1 portions of residue soil (the water content is between 15 and 23 percent), 9.8 to 14.8 portions of cement and 0.1 to 0.2 portion of soil curing agent
The invention relates to a preparation process of a high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in loess region, which comprises the following steps:
the dehydrated shield residual soil is crushed by a soil crusher, and the crushed soil, nodule and large-particle-size substances are sieved when the crushed soil, nodule and large-particle-size substances are excessive, so that the following standards are met, as shown in table 4;
TABLE 4
| Mesh size | 5mm | 2mm | 1mm | 0.5mm | 0.25mm | 0.075mm |
| Passing rate | 100 | 90 | 80 | 65 | 55 | 40 |
Curing agent according to weight ratio of 1: 2.5-3, adding water, fully dissolving, adding the mixture into the crushed soil, and fully stirring by a stirrer;
compacting by a press machine, fixing the brick die, and forming the brick, wherein the compacting ratio is controlled to be (10.7-12.2): 1;
maintaining in a steam curing room for 28-84 days.
In the following examples of the present invention, the processes of the slag soil treatment and brick pressing were performed by the above processes, except that the amount of the raw materials was different.
Example 1
In the implementation, the mass ratio of the residue soil, the cement and the soil curing agent is 85: 14.8: 0.2
The soil curing agent comprises sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-based epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate = 70: 22: 2 by mass ratio.
The section of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment during the curing period of 7 days is shown in fig. 1 (a), and the brick-like soil structure can be seen in the curing period. The section of the cured 56-day-old brick is shown in fig. 1 (b), and it can be seen that a granular structure is formed inside the brick in the curing stage, which acts like a concrete aggregate. An SEM image of the surface of the high-strength baking-free brick cured for 56 days is shown in FIG. 2 (a), and it can be seen that the high-strength baking-free brick prepared in this example is substantially uniformly dense under the display of 4000 times magnification, and a small amount of voids exist locally, so that a compact structure is formed.
The finished strength of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment is 43MPa, and the strength is increased by 30 percent after water absorption and is 56MPa;
the cost of a single brick of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment is shown in the table 5:
TABLE 5
Example 2
In the implementation, the mass ratio of the residue soil, the cement and the soil curing agent is 88: 11.85: 0.15
The soil curing agent comprises sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-based epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate = 75: 15: 3: 2 in mass ratio.
The high-strength baking-free curing time of the brick prepared by the embodiment is 56 days, the brick strength is 33MPa, and the strength is increased by 25 percent after water absorption and is 41MPa;
the cost of the single brick of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment is shown in table 6:
TABLE 6
Example 3
In the implementation, the mass ratio of the residue soil, the cement and the soil curing agent is 90.1: 9.8: 0.1
The soil curing agent comprises sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-based epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate = 60: 24: 4 by mass ratio.
The high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment has the advantages that the curing time is 56 days, the strength of the formed brick is 28MPa, and the strength is increased by 27 percent after water absorption and is 36MPa;
the cost of the single brick of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment is shown in table 7:
TABLE 7
Example 4
In the implementation, the mass ratio of the residue soil, the cement and the soil curing agent is 90.1: 9.8: 0.1
The soil curing agent comprises sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 60: 30: 2: 3.
The high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment has the advantages that the curing time is 56 days, the brick forming strength is 29MPa, and the strength is increased by 28 percent after water absorption and is 37MPa;
the cost of a single brick of the high-strength baking-free brick prepared by the embodiment is shown in table 8:
TABLE 8
In summary, the present invention can be seen in that: the shield residual soil abandoning and transporting cost is saved; (2) The land resource waste caused in the process of transport abandonment is reduced; (3) environmental pollution in the process of abandoning transportation is avoided; (4) the cost is low (the material cost is 0.18-0.29 yuan); (5) Compared with the prior shield muck pressed brick, the strength of the formed brick can be improved by about 2 times, and the highest strength is 56Mpa.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in the loess region is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
85 to 90.1 portions of residue soil, 9.8 to 14.8 portions of cement and 0.1 to 0.2 portion of soil curing agent;
the muck is dehydrated shield muck;
the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate according to the mass ratio of (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4) =.
2. The high-strength baking-free brick based on loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the muck is 15-23%.
3. The high-strength baking-free brick based on loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement.
4. The high-strength baking-free brick based on loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brick forming strength of the high-strength baking-free brick based on loess region shield muck is 28-43 MPa, and the strength after water absorption is 36-56 MPa.
5. A preparation method of a high-strength baking-free brick based on shield muck in a loess area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing shield muck into slurry, sieving the slurry, and then flocculating, dehydrating and crushing to obtain muck;
uniformly mixing the muck, the cement, the soil curing agent and the water, pressing the mixture into bricks, and then maintaining the bricks to obtain the high-strength baking-free bricks based on the shield muck in the loess region;
the mass ratio of the muck, the cement and the soil curing agent is (85-90.1): (9.8-14.8): (0.1-0.2);
the soil curing agent comprises the components of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, aqueous epoxy resin, sodium methyl silicate, nano silicon dioxide, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the aqueous epoxy resin to the sodium methyl silicate to the nano silicon dioxide to the potassium chloride to the potassium sulfate is (60-75) = (15-30): (2-4) = (2-4): (2-4).
6. The method for preparing the high-strength baking-free brick based on the loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a process of sieving the muck, wherein the sieving is performed according to the standard shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
And uniformly mixing the sieved residual soil, cement and a soil curing agent.
7. The method for preparing the high-strength baking-free brick based on the loess region shield muck is characterized in that a polyacrylamide flocculant is adopted when the slurry is flocculated, and the water content of the dewatered muck is 15-23%.
8. The method for preparing the high-strength baking-free brick based on the loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 5, wherein the muck, the cement, the soil stabilizer and the water are mixed uniformly and pressed into the brick, the soil stabilizer and the water are mixed uniformly to dissolve the soil stabilizer, and then the mixture is mixed uniformly with the muck and the cement.
9. The method for preparing the high-strength baking-free brick based on the loess region shield muck as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the soil stabilizer to water is 1: (2.5-3), when the brick is pressed, the compaction ratio is (10.7-12.2): 1, the curing time is 28 to 84 days.
10. The method for preparing the high-strength baking-free brick based on the loess region shield residual soil according to claim 5, wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement.
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| KR101420293B1 (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-17 | 주식회사 엔테오스 | Preparation method of soil brick with high compressive strength and low water-absorption ratio using non-baking formation |
| CN106566555B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-03-16 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | A kind of special sediment improvement agent of sand-pebble layer shield |
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