CN115093031B - Preparation method of wetland substrate and constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Preparation method of wetland substrate and constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115093031B CN115093031B CN202210757706.7A CN202210757706A CN115093031B CN 115093031 B CN115093031 B CN 115093031B CN 202210757706 A CN202210757706 A CN 202210757706A CN 115093031 B CN115093031 B CN 115093031B
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 107
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 organic matters Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a preparation method of a wetland substrate and an artificial wetland system, comprising the following steps: step 1: cleaning the porous granular material at 20-30 ℃ and then air-drying; step 2: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 1 in an acidic solution, washing to neutrality, and drying; step 3: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 2 in a divalent manganese solution, and stirring; step 4: regulating the pH value of the porous granular material treated in the step 3 to 11-12 by adopting an alkaline solution, and stirring; step 5: drying the porous granular material treated in the step 4 in an aerobic environment at 170-190 ℃ for 1-2h to obtain MnO loaded porous granular material 2 Is a porous particulate material of (a). The wetland substrate obtained by the preparation method of the wetland substrate can improve the denitrification effect of a wetland system and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sewage ecological treatment, in particular to a wetland substrate preparation method and an artificial wetland system.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The constructed wetland is an ecological system for treating sewage, which is constructed by simulating natural wetland, and has the characteristics of low construction and operation cost, high efficiency and easy operation. The artificial wetland is mainly used for treating sewage by utilizing the synergistic effect of matrix adsorption, plant absorption and microorganism assimilation to remove pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the sewage. Wherein, the artificial wetland substrate, such as volcanic rock, zeolite and the like, provides a large number of attachment sites for microorganisms due to the large specific surface area and high porosity, and can effectively improve the denitrification efficiency through nitrification/denitrification.
However, when the constructed wetland is used for treating sewage with a low carbon nitrogen ratio, the nitrification process and the denitrification process are blocked due to insufficient carbon source and limited reoxygenation capability, and the denitrification efficiency is greatly reduced. Although many reports are made on improving the carbon-oxygen environment of the foundation of the wetland and improving the denitrification efficiency by adding a solid-phase carbon source or manually adding oxygen, the problems of the rise of the running cost and the increase of the difficulty of management and maintenance caused by the improvement are limited in the application of the technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of a wetland substrate, wherein the prepared wetland substrate does not need to be added with a carbon source or an artificial oxygenation mode to improve the denitrification efficiency when in use.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a wet substrate, including the steps of:
step 1: cleaning the porous granular material at 20-30 ℃ and then air-drying;
step 2: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 1 in an acidic solution for 10-14h, washing to neutrality, and drying;
step 3: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 2 in a manganese solution, and stirring for 8-12min;
step 4: regulating the pH value of the porous granular material treated in the step 3 to 11-12 by adopting an alkaline solution, and then stirring for 2-4h;
step 5: drying the porous granular material treated in the step 4 in an aerobic environment at 170-190 ℃ for 1-2h to obtain MnO loaded porous granular material 2 Is a porous particulate material of (a).
Optionally, in step 1, the porous particulate material is volcanic rock or zeolite;
further, the particle size of the porous particulate material is 2-3mm.
Alternatively, in step 2, the acidic solution is a hydrochloric acid solution of 0.8 to 1.2mol/L, preferably 1 mol/L.
Optionally, in step 3, the volume ratio of the porous particulate material to the manganese solution is 1:3-1:6;
further, the manganese solution is MnCl with the concentration of 0.8-1.2mol/L 2 Solution, preferably 1mol/L MnCl 2 A solution.
Optionally, in step 3, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min, preferably 520r/min, and the stirring time is preferably 10min.
Alternatively, in step 4, the alkaline solution is a NaOH solution of 5 to 7mol/L, preferably a NaOH solution of 6 mol/L.
Optionally, in step 4, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min, preferably 520r/min.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an artificial wetland system, including:
wetland bed body: the wetland bed body is filled with a wetland matrix prepared by the wetland matrix preparation method in the first aspect, and wetland plants are planted on the wetland matrix;
water inlet component: the wet land water inlet system comprises a water inlet channel arranged at the water inlet side of a wet land bed body, and further comprises a water inlet pipe which extends into the wet land bed body and is horizontally arranged, wherein the water inlet pipe is used for communicating the water inlet channel with the inner space of the wet land bed body, and a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe;
and (3) a water outlet component: including the water outlet canal, the inside collector pipe that is equipped with of water outlet canal, the collector pipe includes the horizontal segment and sets up the vertical section at horizontal segment both ends in order to form the U type pipe that falls, and one of them vertical section is connected to the delivery port of wetland bed body play water side bottom, and the highest point height of collector pipe is the same with the height of inlet tube so that the collector pipe can utilize siphon effect drainage.
Optionally, a plurality of water inlet pipes are arranged, and the distance between adjacent water inlet pipes is 8-10% of the dimension of the wetland bed body along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the water inlet pipes.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the wetland substrate preparation method of the application prepares the wetland substrate loaded with MnO 2 The porous granular material of (2) can oxidize ammonia nitrogen and organic matters through Mn (IV), convert the ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, and simultaneously reduce the nitrate nitrogen into Mn (II); mn (II) can convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through autotrophic denitrification process, meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is oxidized into high-valence biological manganese oxide by manganese oxidizing bacteria, the high-valence biological manganese oxide can continuously oxidize ammonia nitrogen and organic matters, and meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is reduced into Mn (II) to realize denitrification process under manganese circulation, so that MnO can be utilized 2 The oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and autotrophic denitrification of metal oxidizing bacteria are enhanced, and carbon source addition is not needed.
2. The preparation method of the wet substrate can prepare the MnO loaded substrate 2 The porous granular material of the artificial wetland system utilizes the advantages of large specific surface area and high porosity of a porous matrix, forms an aerobic micro-area on the outer layer and an anaerobic micro-area on the inner layer of the porous particles in the wetland system, provides a redox environment suitable for in-situ denitrification based on manganese circulation, breaks through the space limitation of aerobic nitrification on the upper layer and anaerobic/anoxic denitrification on the lower layer of the traditional artificial wetland, and improves the unit treatment efficiency of the artificial wetland.
3. According to the artificial wetland system, the highest point of the water collecting pipe is the same as the height of the water inlet pipe, the water collecting pipe can realize automatic drainage through a siphon effect, the structure is simple, a water pump and an air pump are not needed, unpowered operation can be realized, the reoxygenation effect is good, the water collecting pipe arranged on the water outlet side of the wetland bed body can realize automatic drainage through the siphon effect, meanwhile, under the action of pore suction force generated by water level drop, oxygen is sucked into the wetland bed body, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bed body is increased, and the treatment effect of the wetland on organic matters and ammonia nitrogen is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 4 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a conventional volcanic matrix of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a wetland substrate prepared according to example 1 of the application;
the water-saving type wetland system comprises a cover plate 1, wetland plants 2, a water inlet channel 3, a water inlet pipe 4, a water collecting pipe 5, a water outlet channel 6 and a wetland substrate 7.
Detailed Description
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing a wet substrate includes the steps of:
step 1: cleaning the porous granular material at 20-30 ℃ and then air-drying;
step 2: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 1 in an acidic solution for 10-14h, washing to neutrality, and drying;
step 3: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 2 in a manganese solution, and stirring for 8-12min;
step 4: regulating the pH value of the porous granular material treated in the step 3 to 11-12 by adopting an alkaline solution, and then stirring for 2-4h;
step 5: drying the porous granular material treated in the step 4 in an aerobic environment at 170-190 ℃ for 1-2h to obtain MnO loaded porous granular material 2 Is a porous particulate material of (a).
The porous granular material can be volcanic rock, zeolite, etc.;
the particle size of the porous particle material is 2-3mm.
The acidic solution is a hydrochloric acid solution of 0.8 to 1.2mol/L, preferably a hydrochloric acid solution of 1 mol/L.
In the step 3, the volume ratio of the porous particle material to the manganese solution is 1:3-1:6;
mn solution of 0.8-1.2mol/L MnCl 2 Solution, preferably 1mol/L MnCl 2 A solution.
In the step 3, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min, preferably 520r/min, and the stirring time is preferably 10min.
In step 4, the alkaline solution is a NaOH solution of 5 to 7mol/L, preferably a NaOH solution of 6 mol/L.
In step 4, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min, preferably 520r/min.
The wetland matrix prepared by adopting the embodiment is loaded with MnO 2 The porous granular material of (2) is used for oxidizing ammonia nitrogen and organic matters through Mn (IV), converting the ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen and simultaneously reducing the nitrate nitrogen into Mn (II); mn (II) can convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through autotrophic denitrification process, meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is oxidized into high-valence biological manganese oxide by manganese oxidizing bacteria, the high-valence biological manganese oxide can continuously oxidize ammonia nitrogen and organic matters, and meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is reduced into Mn (II) to realize the denitrification process under manganese circulation.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present application, the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1:
a method for preparing a wet substrate, comprising the steps of:
step 1: at the temperature of 25 ℃, taking conventional volcanic rock as a raw material, selecting volcanic rock with the particle size of 2-3mm, cleaning with deionized water, and naturally air-drying;
step 2: soaking volcanic rock treated in the step 1 in 1mol/L HCl solution to ensure that the liquid level is not higher than the accumulation height of the volcanic rock, soaking for 12 hours, washing to be neutral, and drying at 105 ℃;
step 3: soaking volcanic rock treated in the step 2 in 1mol/L MnCl 2 In the solution, volcanic rock and manganese solution are placed on a magnetic stirrer in a volume ratio of 1:4, and are stirred for 10min at a rotating speed of 520 r/min;
step 4: adjusting the volcanic rock pH in the step 3 to 11-12 by using 6mol/L NaOH solution, and then keeping the rotating speed of 520r/min for stirring for 4 hours;
step 5: drying volcanic rock treated in the step 4 in an oven (aerobic environment) at 180 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain loaded MnO 2 Volcanic rock of (c).
The SEM image of the conventional volcanic matrix is shown in fig. 2, and the SEM image of the wetland matrix prepared by the method of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and it is seen that more granular substances are loaded in the volcanic pore size, which indicates that the manganese oxide is uniformly loaded.
Example 2
A wet matrix preparation method, which differs from example 1 in that:
in step 3, the volume ratio of volcanic rock to manganese solution was 1:3, and the rest of the steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A wet matrix preparation method, which differs from example 1 in that:
in step 3, the volume ratio of volcanic rock to manganese solution was 1:6, and the rest of the steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides an artificial wetland system, which comprises a wetland bed body, wherein a water inlet part is arranged on the water inlet side of the wetland bed body, and a water outlet part is arranged on the water outlet side of the wetland bed body.
The interior of the wetland bed body is filled with a wetland substrate 7 prepared by the method of the embodiment 1, the filling height of the wetland substrate 7 is 60-80cm, in the embodiment, the filling height of the wetland substrate is 60cm, wetland plants 2 are planted above the wetland substrate 7, the wetland plants 2 are calamus, and the planting density of the calamus is 170-190 plants/m 2 A preferred planting density is 180 plants/m 2 。
The water inlet component comprises a water inlet channel 3, a plurality of water inlets are formed in a channel wall of one side of the water inlet channel 3, which is close to the wetland bed body, the water inlets are formed in the top position of the channel wall of the water inlet channel 3, a water inlet pipe 4 is arranged at each water inlet, the axis of the water inlet pipe 4 is horizontally arranged, the water inlet pipe 4 stretches into the wetland bed body, namely, is inserted into a wetland matrix 7 in the wetland bed body, and is used for uniformly distributing water into the constructed wetland.
In this embodiment, three water inlet pipes 4 are provided, the water inlet pipes 4 adopt DN25 pipelines, the distance between adjacent water inlet pipes 4 is 8-10% of the dimension of the wetland bed body along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the water inlet pipes, and in this embodiment, the distance between adjacent water inlet pipes 4 is 20cm.
The pipe wall of the water inlet pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes, and the diameter of each water outlet hole is 3mm.
The top of the water inlet channel 3 is opened, and is covered with a cover plate 1, so that the peculiar smell of the sewage in the water inlet channel can be reduced.
The water outlet component comprises a water outlet channel 6 arranged on the water outlet side of the wetland bed body, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water outlet channel 6 close to the channel wall of the wetland bed body, a water collecting pipe 5 is arranged in the water outlet channel 6, the water collecting pipe 5 is a DN50 inverted U-shaped pipe and comprises a horizontal section and vertical sections arranged at two ends of the horizontal section, the bottom end of the vertical section close to the wetland bed body is connected to the water outlet, and the bottom end of the other vertical section is located above the bottom surface of the water outlet channel 6 for a set distance.
The highest point of the water collection pipe 5 is at the same height as the water inlet pipe 4 so that the water collection pipe 5 can drain water into the water outlet channel 6 under the siphon action.
The constructed wetland system of the embodiment adopts a continuous water inlet and overflow water outlet mode to operate. The sewage uniformly enters the wetland bed body from the wetland water inlet channel 3 through the water inlet pipe 4, then horizontally flows in the wetland bed body and passes through the modified volcanic rock wetland matrix 7 loaded with manganese in the wetland bed body from top to bottom. The water level is continuously raised along with water inflow until reaching the top end of the water collecting pipe 5, at the moment, siphon action is triggered, the treated water is discharged to the water outlet channel 6, the water level is rapidly lowered, the generated pore suction force can suck oxygen in the atmosphere, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the wetland is increased, the microbial action in the wetland is enhanced to remove ammonia nitrogen and organic matters, and meanwhile, the ammonia nitrogen is removed by utilizing the strong oxidizing property of metal oxide. When the water level drops to the bottom end of the straight water collecting pipe 5, air enters, the siphon effect is destroyed, the water collecting pipe 5 does not discharge water any more, the water inlet pipe 4 still enters water, the water level rises again, the inside of the wetland at the later stage of flooding presents an anoxic/anaerobic environment, and at the moment, the denitrification process is reinforced through the autotrophic denitrification process of metal oxide, and no carbon source is added. Thus, the water is continuously fed and intermittently discharged under the condition of no power in a circulating and reciprocating way, and an alternating anoxic and aerobic environment is formed on the wetland substrate.
In the constructed wetland system of the embodiment, before the submerged stage, the reoxygenation capability of the wetland is improved to strengthen the removal of ammonia nitrogen and organic matters, the strong oxidizing property of the metal oxide loaded on the porous matrix is strengthened to strengthen the oxidation process of ammonia nitrogen, and the autotrophic denitrification strengthening denitrification process of metal oxidizing bacteria in the later stage of the submerged stage is carried out without adding a carbon source.
As the porous material has a porous structure, a micro-area with lower oxygen content near the inside of the pore and with aerobic outside and anaerobic inside of the pore is formed, which is different from an aerobic/anaerobic area formed by a conventional artificial wetland only according to the different depths of the wetland, sewage can flow between the porous materials to be considered to pass through the aerobic/anaerobic area for multiple times, and the nitrification and denitrification process is facilitated. Secondly, the metal oxide supported on the porous material can form a metal redox cycle in the presence of metal oxidizing bacteria, thereby enhancing the redox capacity of the microcells.
Instead of the conventional metal oxidation-reduction process formed on the upper and lower layers of the wetland (for example, the lower layer of the upper conventional substrate is a metal oxide substrate), the space limitations of aerobic nitrification and anaerobic/anoxic denitrification of the upper layer of the traditional artificial wetland are broken through, so that the in-situ oxidation-reduction of the wetland is realized, and the aim of improving the denitrification efficiency is fulfilled.
The denitrification effect of the constructed wetland system in this embodiment is described in comparison as follows:
as shown in table 1, wherein CW1 is an constructed wetland system using conventional volcanic rock as a matrix, the remaining conditions are consistent with the application providing system; CW2 is an constructed wetland system using manganese sand mixed volcanic rock with a ratio of 1:10 as a matrix, and the rest of the system configuration and operation conditions are consistent with those of the system provided in example 4; CW3 provides a system for example 4.
In the above embodiment, the inflow water quality of the artificial wetland system is cod=100 mg/L, NH 4 + After the artificial wetland system is operated according to the above example 4, the result shows that the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the artificial wetland system is 91.0% under the continuous operation condition, which is superior to 58.2% of the conventional porous matrix system and is superior to 74.8% of the manganese sand mixed porous matrix system, wherein the N=10 mg/L, the nitrate nitrogen=20 mg/L and the TP=3 mg/L; the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen in the constructed wetland system of the embodiment is 96.3%, which is superior to 76.0% of that in the conventional porous matrix system and 86.9% of that in the manganese sand mixed porous matrix system. In addition, the embodiment provides the constructed wetland system effluent COD is less than 20mg/L and NH 4 + -N<1mg/L，TP<0.2mg/L, all reaching the surface threeWater-like discharge criteria.
Table 1: three-group constructed wetland system effluent quality meter
In the artificial wetland system of the embodiment, the metal modified porous granular material is used as a wetland matrix in application, the reoxygenation capacity of the system is enhanced by using an unpowered tidal flow operation mode, the oxidizing property of the metal oxide is utilized to enhance the ammonia nitrogen oxidation process and the autotrophic denitrification enhancement denitrification process of metal oxidizing bacteria, and no carbon source is needed to be added. Specifically, ammonia nitrogen and organic matters are oxidized through Mn (IV), so that the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, and meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is reduced into Mn (II) by itself; mn (II) can convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through autotrophic denitrification process, and meanwhile, the nitrate nitrogen is oxidized into high-valence biological manganese oxide by manganese oxidizing bacteria, so that the denitrification process under manganese circulation is realized. The system improves the wetland substrate through porous particle materials loaded with metal oxide, utilizes the advantages of large specific surface area and high porosity of the porous substrate, and breaks through the limitation of oxygen content layering of the wetland by utilizing the biological oxidation-reduction effect of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, thereby realizing the in-situ oxidation-reduction process of the wetland, achieving the aim of improving the denitrification efficiency, avoiding the addition of carbon sources and reducing the implementation cost of measures taken for improving the denitrification effect.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the application as defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An artificial wetland system, comprising:
wetland bed body: wetland matrixes are filled in the wetland bed body, and wetland plants are planted on the wetland matrixes;
water inlet component: the wet land water inlet system comprises a water inlet channel arranged at the water inlet side of a wet land bed body, and further comprises a water inlet pipe which extends into the wet land bed body and is horizontally arranged, wherein the water inlet pipe is used for communicating the water inlet channel with the inner space of the wet land bed body, and a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe; the number of the water inlet pipes is more than one, and the distance between the adjacent water inlet pipes is 8-10% of the dimension of the wetland bed body along the direction vertical to the axis of the water inlet pipes;
and (3) a water outlet component: the water collecting pipe comprises a horizontal section and vertical sections arranged at two ends of the horizontal section to form an inverted U-shaped pipe, wherein one vertical section is connected to a water outlet at the bottom of the water outlet side of the wetland bed body, and the highest point of the water collecting pipe is the same as the height of the water inlet pipe so that the water collecting pipe can drain water by utilizing siphon action;
the preparation method of the wetland substrate comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the porous granular material at 20-30 ℃ and then air-drying;
step 2: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 1 in an acidic solution for 10-14h, washing to neutrality, and drying;
step 3: soaking the porous granular material treated in the step 2 in a manganese solution, and stirring for 8-12min;
step 4: regulating the pH value of the porous granular material treated in the step 3 to 11-12 by adopting an alkaline solution, and then stirring for 2-4h;
step 5: drying the porous granular material treated in the step 4 in an aerobic environment at 170-190 ℃ for 1-2h to obtain MnO loaded porous granular material 2 The porous granular material is volcanic rock or zeolite, and the particle size of the porous granular material is 2-3mm;
in the step 2, the acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 mol/L;
in the step 3, the volume ratio of the porous particle material to the manganese solution is 1:3-1:6, and the manganese solution is MnCl of 0.8-1.2mol/L 2 A solution;
in the step 4, the alkaline solution is 5-7mol/L NaOH solution.
2. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the acidic solution is 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution.
3. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the manganese solution is 1mol/L MnCl 2 A solution.
4. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min.
5. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the stirring time is 10 minutes.
6. The constructed wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the alkaline solution is a 6mol/L NaOH solution.
7. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the stirring speed is 450-550r/min.
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