CN115091053A

CN115091053A - Automatic laser engraving system

Info

Publication number: CN115091053A
Application number: CN202210580250.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆俊杰; 马雨润; 张炜; 许少锋
Original assignee: Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
Current assignee: Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
Priority date: 2022-05-25
Filing date: 2022-05-25
Publication date: 2022-09-23

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic laser engraving system which comprises a rack, wherein a feeding station, a laser engraving station and a discharging station are arranged on the front side of the rack, a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism which are reciprocated between the feeding station and the discharging station are arranged on the rear side of the rack, a laser engraving host is arranged on the laser engraving station, and the feeding station comprises a feeding conveying mechanism and a feeding auxiliary mechanism; the blanking station comprises a blanking conveying mechanism and a blanking auxiliary mechanism. The invention provides an automatic laser engraving system which can realize double-channel clamping processing of the end face and the cylindrical surface of a workpiece, simultaneously provides the functions of rotary engraving, fixed-point engraving and variable engraving, automatically performs feeding and discharging in the whole processing process, does not need manual operation, and effectively improves the processing efficiency.

Description

Automatic laser engraving system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser engraving processing, in particular to an automatic laser engraving system.

Background

At present, the domestic laser engraving technology is gradually paid attention to, but the existing engraving device generally positions parts through manual clamping, the machining efficiency is low, and the expected requirements can not be met frequently when high-precision workpieces are machined; in addition, the existing laser engraving device can only perform single-channel processing generally, that is, only one device can clamp and position the cylindrical side surface of a workpiece or position the horizontal end surface of the workpiece, when a certain workpiece needs to clamp and process the cylindrical side surface and the horizontal end surface respectively in the engraving process, two independent devices are generally needed to separately process the workpiece, one device is used for positioning and processing the cylindrical end surface, and the other device is used for positioning and processing the horizontal end surface after the cylindrical surface clamping and processing is completed; that is, the fine engraving and forming process of the double-channel surface simultaneously performed on the end surface and the cylindrical surface in the current engraving production can not be industrialized, and an intelligent, integrated and modularized production line is not formed, so that the processing efficiency is low, and the processing cost is always high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problem that in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the automatic laser engraving system is provided, the end face and cylindrical surface of a workpiece can be clamped and machined in a double-channel mode, the feeding and the blanking are automatically carried out in the whole machining process, manual operation is not needed, the machining efficiency is effectively improved, and the machining precision of each time can be kept consistent.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an automatic laser engraving system which comprises a rack, wherein a feeding station, a laser engraving station and a discharging station which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the left and right directions are arranged on the front side of the rack, a first clamping mechanism for positioning a circular cylindrical surface of a workpiece and a second clamping mechanism for positioning a horizontal end face of the workpiece are arranged on the rear side of the rack, and the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism reciprocate between the feeding station and the discharging station so as to realize automatic feeding of the workpiece from the feeding station and automatic discharging of the workpiece from the discharging station after processing of the laser engraving station; the laser engraving machine comprises a laser engraving station, a laser engraving main machine and a loading station, wherein the laser engraving station is provided with the laser engraving main machine and comprises a loading conveying mechanism and a loading auxiliary mechanism which is used for automatically loading and transferring workpieces on the loading conveying mechanism to a first clamping mechanism or a second clamping mechanism; the blanking station comprises a blanking conveying mechanism and a blanking auxiliary mechanism used for transferring the automatic blanking of the workpiece on the first clamping mechanism or the second clamping mechanism to the blanking conveying mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the laser engraving system has the following advantages:

the whole system is an integrated system, namely, a workpiece to be processed is fed in through a feeding conveying mechanism in the whole processing process, clamped through a feeding auxiliary mechanism, transferred to a cylindrical surface clamping assembly or an end surface positioning assembly for clamping, then subjected to laser processing of a laser engraving host, and taken out by a blanking auxiliary structure and transferred to a conveying belt of a blanking conveying mechanism for automatic sending out after the processing is finished; the cylindrical surface and end surface double-channel multi-thread laser engraving function of the workpiece is realized, and the effects of improving the production efficiency and increasing the industrial advantages are achieved; in addition, the precision that manual installation or positioning can not be achieved can be achieved through automatic installation and positioning production of mechanical and telephonic equipment, and the machining efficiency is remarkably improved.

Furthermore, first clamping machine constructs including the level fix the first connecting plate on the frame rear side wall, extend its length direction slidable on the first connecting plate and be equipped with first slider, be connected with cylinder clamping component and first driving motor on the first slider, still be connected with the first rack that extends on the first connecting plate along its length direction, be connected with the first drive gear with first rack toothing on the output shaft of first driving motor. In the structure, the reciprocating motion of the cylindrical surface clamping component in the horizontal direction is realized through a gear and rack structure, namely, the workpiece can flexibly and stably move from a feeding station, a laser engraving station and a discharging station.

As an improvement, the cylindrical surface clamping assembly comprises an outer shell, an intermediate shell and an inner shell which are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction, the outer shell is fixed on the first sliding block, the intermediate shell is assembled in a channel formed between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell in a sliding way along the axial direction, and a driving cylinder for driving the intermediate shell to slide is connected to the outer shell; the front end of the inner shell is connected with a jaw chassis, the front end surface of the jaw chassis is connected with a plurality of jaws which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and can slide along the radial direction, a driving assembly is arranged between the middle shell and the inner shell, and when the driving cylinder drives the middle shell to move back and forth, the driving assembly is used for driving each jaw to slide inwards and outwards along the radial direction on the jaw chassis so as to clamp or loosen a workpiece; the front end of the inner shell is connected with a limiting disc used for axially limiting the clamping jaw. Among the above-mentioned improvement structure, through the horizontal motion of driving cylinder, behind drive assembly's conversion, realize the rotary motion on jack catch chassis, and then make the jack catch on the jack catch chassis along radially automatic internal contraction or overhanging motion, realize the clamp of work piece or loosen, simple structure, convenient operation need not the manual work and revolves the motion of twisting corresponding screw and carrying out the jack catch, degree of automation is high.

In another improvement, the driving assembly includes a second rack disposed on the inner wall of the middle housing and extending axially along the middle housing, the inner housing is connected to a reduction gear pair, and input teeth of the reduction gear pair are engaged with the second rack; the rear end face of the jaw chassis is provided with annular bevel teeth, and the annular bevel teeth are meshed with the output teeth of the reduction gear pair; spiral grooves are formed in the front end face of the jaw chassis, and teeth matched with the spiral grooves are formed in the end face, close to the jaw chassis, of each jaw; when the second rack moves back and forth, the reduction gear pair drives the jaw chassis to move circumferentially in the forward and reverse directions, so that the jaws approach or separate from each other in the radial direction. In the above-mentioned improvement structure, only can change the rotation on jack catch chassis with the front and back horizontal motion of shell body through reduction gear pair, simple structure, occupation space is little, compares in traditional motor drive mode and can not have the winding problem of cable for overall structure spare part layout is normal, reasonable, and the fault rate is low.

In another improvement, the reduction gear pair includes an input tooth column, a middle tooth column and an output tooth column, the input tooth column is arranged along the horizontal direction, the middle tooth column and the output tooth column are arranged along the vertical direction, and are parallel to each other along the axial direction of the inner shell; the one end of input tooth post is equipped with the input tooth with second rack toothing, the other end of input tooth post is equipped with first awl tooth, the one end of middle tooth post is equipped with the second awl tooth with first awl tooth meshing, the other end of middle tooth post is equipped with first speed reduction tooth, the one end of output tooth post be equipped with the second speed reduction tooth of first speed reduction tooth meshing, the other end of output tooth post be equipped with annular awl tooth meshing's output awl tooth.

The rear end surface of the outer shell is connected with a second driving motor, and an output shaft of the second driving motor is in transmission connection with the inner shell; the outer wall of the inner shell and the inner wall of the middle shell are connected with a linkage shell, the inner wall of the linkage shell is connected with the outer wall of the inner shell along an axial sliding direction, and the outer wall of the linkage shell is connected with the inner wall of the middle shell in a relatively rotatable mode. In the above-mentioned improved structure, impel interior casing at the uniform velocity rotatory through second driving motor, accomplish to carry out the cylinder rotation while laser engraving, guaranteed the steady operation of work piece cylinder processing.

Still further, the second clamping mechanism comprises a second connecting plate horizontally arranged along the left and right directions of the rack, a second sliding block is assembled on the second connecting plate in a sliding mode along the length direction of the second connecting plate, an end face positioning assembly and a third driving motor are connected onto the second sliding block, a third rack extending along the length direction of the second connecting plate is further connected onto the second connecting plate, and a second transmission gear meshed with the third rack is connected onto an output shaft of the third driving motor. In the structure, the end face positioning assembly can be flexibly translated through the same meshing structure of the transmission gear and the rack, so that the end face machining efficiency and the machining precision of the workpiece are ensured.

And the end face positioning component comprises a mounting plate connected to the upper end of the second connecting plate, a vacuum chuck component for performing adsorption positioning on the end face of the workpiece is connected to the mounting plate, and the vacuum chuck component is detachably connected with the mounting plate. In the aforesaid improves the structure, chooseing for use the vacuum chuck subassembly as terminal surface positioning mechanism, replaced traditional clamp installation mechanism through vacuum chuck, reduced terminal surface clamping mechanism's volume, improved the swift convenience of clamping when guaranteeing the axiality, can accomplish the clamping when opening and stopping vacuum generator, prevent the condition that the work piece was destroyed to the pressure that traditional clamping probably produced is too big to guarantee laser engraving efficiency nature and practicality.

The vacuum sucker component is characterized in that the mounting plate is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove extending along the front-back direction of the mounting plate, and the lower end of the vacuum sucker component is connected with a T-shaped sliding block in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding groove; and the mounting plate is connected with a plurality of pressing components which are pressed on the circumferential outer edge of the vacuum sucker component. In the approaching structure, the T-shaped sliding groove and the T-shaped sliding block structure facilitate the connection of the vacuum sucker assembly and the mounting plate, and vertical limit can be realized after the connection; and further realize vertical location through a plurality of subassemblies that compress tightly, guarantee the stability behind the work piece terminal surface location.

The improved structure is characterized in that the feeding auxiliary mechanism is the same as the discharging auxiliary structure and comprises linear motor assemblies extending along the front and back direction of the rack, a fixed plate is connected to each linear motor assembly in a sliding mode, an auxiliary chuck is hinged to the rear end of the fixed plate, a push rod is connected between the fixed plate and the auxiliary chuck, one end of the push rod is hinged to the front end of the fixed plate, and the other end of the push rod is hinged to the front side wall of the auxiliary chuck. In the improved structure, flexible feeding and discharging of the workpiece are realized through the cooperation of the special auxiliary chuck and the linear motor assembly and the push rod, the clamping precision of the workpiece each time is ensured, and the machining efficiency is improved.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the two processing modes of the end surface and the cylindrical surface are finished in one set of device, so that double channels are embodied;

2. the cylindrical surface engraving mode has a rotating function and can achieve multi-degree-of-freedom processing;

3. besides being capable of engraving in multiple batches, standard parts and large batches, the carving tool is particularly suitable for fast switching and responding of small batches, multiple specifications and non-standard parts;

4. the cylindrical surface clamping, the movement, the rotation and the like are integrally formed in an integral device, so that the structure is more compact;

5. the clamping and the movement of the end surface can more easily improve the centering precision of the machined part;

6. the device of the invention mainly aims at the patterning carving of the mechanical motion surfaces of key basic parts, such as bearings, gears, seals, valves, piston valves, hydraulic motors and the like, and solves the upgrading and innovation from single manual processing to automatic double-channel end cylindrical surface multi-degree-of-freedom processing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated laser engraving system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the automated laser engraving system of FIG. 1 with the frame removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cylindrical clamping assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another angular configuration of the cylinder clamp assembly of the present invention; (omitting end cover)

FIG. 5 is a half-sectional schematic view of the cylinder clamp assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial exploded view of the cylinder clamp assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure at X in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is another angular schematic view of the structure of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an end positioning assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the base pan of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the feeding assist mechanism or the discharging assist mechanism in the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals:

100. a first clamping mechanism; 200. a second clamping mechanism; 300. a feeding conveyor mechanism; 400. a feeding auxiliary mechanism; 500. a blanking conveying mechanism; 600. a blanking auxiliary mechanism;

1. a frame; 2. a laser engraving host; 3. a first connecting plate; 4. a first slider; 5. a first drive motor; 6. a first rack; 7. an outer housing; 8. a middle housing; 9. an inner housing; 10. a driving cylinder; 11. a jaw chassis; 11.1, annular bevel gear; 11.2, a spiral groove; 12. a claw; 12.1, teeth; 12.2, a threaded hole; 13. a second rack; 14. inputting a tooth column; 14.1, inputting teeth; 14.2, a first bevel gear; 15. a middle toothed column; 15.1, second conical teeth; 15.2, first reduction teeth; 16. an output tooth column; 16.1, second reduction teeth; 16.2, outputting conical teeth; 17. a second drive motor; 18. a linkage housing; 19. a second connecting plate; 20. a second slider; 21. a third drive motor; 22. a third rack; 23. a second transmission gear; 24. mounting a plate; 25. a vacuum chuck assembly; 25.1, a chassis; 25.1.1, air suction holes; 25.1.2, a through hole; 25.2, a vacuum generator; 26. a T-shaped slider; 27. a compression assembly; 27.1, pressing plates; 27.2, bolts; 27.3, a nut; 27.4, a spring; 28. a linear motor assembly; 29. a fixing plate; 30. an auxiliary chuck; 31. a push rod; 32. a limiting disc; 32.1, a limiting groove; 33. positioning a fixture block; 34. and a butt joint block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper end", "outer side wall", "inner wall", "lower end", "horizontal", "vertical", "front-back", "left-right", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for convenience of description, for convenience of distinction, and have no specific meaning.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides an automatic laser engraving system, which comprises a frame 1, wherein a feeding station, a laser engraving station and a discharging station which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the frame 1 are arranged on the front side of the frame 1, a first clamping mechanism 100 for positioning a circular cylindrical surface of a workpiece and a second clamping mechanism 200 for positioning a horizontal end surface of the workpiece are respectively arranged on the rear side of the frame 1, and the first clamping mechanism 100 and the second clamping mechanism 200 can reciprocate between the feeding station and the discharging station to realize automatic feeding of the workpiece from the feeding station and automatic discharging of the workpiece from the discharging station after processing of the laser engraving station; the laser engraving machine comprises a laser engraving station and a loading station, wherein the laser engraving station is provided with a laser engraving host machine 2, and the loading station comprises a loading conveying mechanism 300 and a loading auxiliary mechanism 400 which is used for automatically loading and transferring workpieces on the loading conveying mechanism 300 to a first clamping mechanism 100 or a second clamping mechanism 200; the blanking station comprises a blanking conveying mechanism 500 and a blanking auxiliary mechanism 600 used for automatically blanking and transferring workpieces on the first clamping mechanism 100 or the second clamping mechanism 200 onto the blanking conveying mechanism 500. In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 300 and the discharging mechanism 500 are both conventional conveyer belt structures, and are not further described herein.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first clamping mechanism 100 includes a first connecting plate 3 horizontally extending and fixed on the rear side wall of the rack 1, a first slider 4 is slidably assembled on the first connecting plate 3 along the length direction thereof, a cylindrical surface clamping assembly and a first driving motor 5 are connected to the first slider 4, a first rack 6 extending along the length direction thereof is further connected to the first connecting plate 3, a first transmission gear meshed with the first rack 6 is connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor 5, the first transmission gear is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first driving motor 5, then the whole first slide block 4 drives the cylindrical surface clamping component to horizontally move between a feeding station and a discharging station under the action of the first rack 6, and when the cylindrical surface clamping component with the workpiece passes through the position of the laser engraving main machine 2, the laser engraving processing of the workpiece is realized. In addition, in order to ensure that the horizontal movement of the first sliding block 4 is more stable in the structure, the upper end and the lower end of the first connecting plate 3 are respectively connected with a first sliding rail extending horizontally, and correspondingly, the first sliding block 4 is connected with a first positioning sliding block matched with the two first sliding rails in a sliding manner.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the cylindrical clamping assembly comprises an outer shell 7, an intermediate shell 8 and an inner shell 9 arranged from outside to inside in the radial direction, the outer shell 7 is fixed on the first slide block 4 through a corresponding connecting bracket, the intermediate shell 8 is fitted in a channel formed between the inner wall of the outer shell 7 and the outer wall of the inner shell 9 in a slidable manner in the axial direction, and a driving cylinder 10 for driving the intermediate shell 8 to slide is connected to the outer shell 7; the front end of the inner shell 9 is connected with a circular claw chassis 11, the front end surface of the claw chassis 11 is connected with a plurality of claws 12 which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and can slide along the radial direction, a driving component is arranged between the middle shell 8 and the inner shell 9, and when the driving cylinder 10 drives the middle shell 8 to move back and forth, the driving component is used for driving each claw 12 to slide along the radial direction inside and outside on the claw chassis 11 so as to clamp or loosen a workpiece. In this embodiment, it is preferable that three jaws 12 are connected to a front side of the jaw chassis 11 to form a three-jaw chuck.

As shown in fig. 6-8, the driving assembly comprises a second rack 13 disposed on the inner wall of the intermediate housing 8 and extending axially along the same, the inner housing 9 is connected to a reduction gear pair, the input teeth 14.1 of which are engaged with the second rack 13; the rear end face of the jaw chassis 11 is provided with annular bevel teeth 11.1, and the annular bevel teeth 11.1 are meshed with output teeth of the reduction gear pair; the front end face of the jaw chassis 1 is provided with a spiral groove 11.2 in a concave manner, and the end face of each jaw 12 close to the jaw chassis 11 is provided with teeth 12.1 matched with the spiral groove 11.2; when the second rack 13 moves back and forth, the reduction gear pair drives the jaw chassis 11 to move circumferentially in the forward and reverse directions, and under the action of the spiral groove 11.2 and the teeth 12.1 on each jaw 12, each jaw 12 approaches or separates from each other in the radial direction, so that the clamping and positioning of the workpiece are realized or the workpiece is loosened. More specifically, the front end of the inner shell 9 is further connected with a limiting disc 32, three limiting grooves 32.1 which extend along the radial direction and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the limiting disc 32, and the three clamping jaws 12 are respectively arranged in the corresponding limiting grooves 32.1 in a sliding fit mode, so that the axial limiting of the three clamping jaws 12 is realized, and the three clamping jaws are prevented from falling off from the clamping jaw chassis 11. Preferably, the bottom of the cross section of the limiting groove 32.1 is of a T-shaped structure, so that the stability of the radial telescopic motion of the jaws 12 is ensured. On the other hand, in the above structure, each jaw 12 is further connected with a corresponding pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), so as to ensure accurate and controllable clamping force.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6, a sliding groove extending along the length direction of each clamping jaw 12 is respectively arranged on the front side wall of each clamping jaw 12, a positioning fixture block 33 is connected in the sliding groove, a plurality of threaded holes 12.2 arranged along the length direction of each clamping jaw are arranged on the inner bottom wall of each sliding groove, the positioning fixture blocks 33 are connected in the corresponding threaded holes 12.2 through screws, the inner end parts of the three positioning fixture blocks 33 surround a workpiece clamping channel, and the adjustment of the size of the minimum clamping channel after the three clamping jaws 12 are folded can be realized by selecting different threaded holes 12.2 for installation. After the clamping jaw 12 is arranged in this way, after the clamping jaw is worn for many times, only the positioning fixture block 33 needs to be replaced, the whole structure of the clamping jaw 12 does not need to be replaced, and the cost is saved.

As shown in fig. 7, the reduction gear pair includes an input tooth post 14, an intermediate tooth post 15, and an output tooth post 16, the input tooth post 14 being disposed in the horizontal direction, the intermediate tooth post 15 and the output tooth post 16 being disposed in the vertical direction and being parallel to each other in the axial direction of the inner housing 9; one end of the input toothed column 14 is provided with input teeth 14.1 meshed with the second rack 13, the other end of the input toothed column 14 is provided with first bevel teeth 14.2, one end of the middle toothed column 15 is provided with second bevel teeth 15.1 meshed with the first bevel teeth 14.2, the other end of the middle toothed column 15 is provided with first speed reduction teeth 15.2, one end of the output toothed column 16 is provided with second speed reduction teeth 16.1 meshed with the first speed reduction teeth 15.2, and the other end of the output toothed column 16 is provided with output bevel teeth 16.2 meshed with the annular bevel teeth 11.1; in the structure, the front and back movement of the second rack 13 is converted into the circumferential rotation of the jaw chassis 11 through the reduction gear pair, and meanwhile, the two groups of gear pairs are matched to play a role in reducing speed.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a second driving motor 17 is connected to the rear end surface of the outer shell 7, and an output shaft of the second driving motor 17 is in transmission connection with the inner shell 9; a linkage shell 18 is also connected between the outer wall of the inner shell 9 and the inner wall of the middle shell 8, and the inner wall of the linkage shell 18 is connected with the outer wall of the inner shell 9 in a sliding manner along the axial direction; in addition, the outer wall of the linkage housing 18 is relatively rotatably connected with the inner wall of the middle housing 8, and the linkage housing 18 and the middle housing 8 are relatively fixed in the axial direction; that is, when the driving cylinder 10 pushes the intermediate housing 8 to move forward and backward, the link housing 18 moves forward and backward together therewith; in addition, when the second drive motor 17 drives the inner housing 9 to rotate circumferentially, the interlocking housing 18 rotates in synchronization therewith. In the above structure, the outer wall of the linkage housing 18 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the middle housing 8 through a bearing.

On the other hand, as shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, the second clamping mechanism 200 includes a second connecting plate 19 horizontally disposed along the left-right direction of the rack 1, a second slider 20 is slidably mounted on the second connecting plate 19 along the length direction thereof, the second slider 20 is connected with an end surface positioning assembly and a third driving motor 21, the second connecting plate 19 is further connected with a third rack 22 extending along the length direction thereof, and an output shaft of the third driving motor 21 is connected with a second transmission gear 23 engaged with the third rack 22; in this structure, the second slider 20 can slide back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the second connecting plate 19 by the rotation of the third driving motor 21. More specifically, the end face positioning component comprises a mounting plate 24 connected to the upper end of the second connecting plate 19, a vacuum chuck component 25 used for adsorbing and positioning the end face of the workpiece is connected to the mounting plate 24, and the vacuum chuck component 25 is detachably connected with the mounting plate 24. In order to ensure that the horizontal movement of the second sliding block 20 is more stable in the structure, the upper end and the lower end of the second connecting plate 19 are respectively connected with a second sliding rail extending horizontally, and correspondingly, the second sliding block 20 is connected with a second positioning sliding block in sliding fit with the two second sliding rails.

In this embodiment, the vacuum chuck assembly 25 includes a chassis 25.1 and a vacuum generator 25.2, a plurality of suction holes 25.1.1 are provided on the upper surface of the chassis 25.1, a channel communicated with each suction hole 25.1.1 is provided inside the chassis 24.1, a through hole 25.1.2 communicated with the channel is provided on the side wall of the chassis 25.1, the vacuum generator 25.2 is installed in the through hole 25.1.2, when the horizontal end surface of the workpiece is placed on the upper surface of the chassis 25.1, the adsorption positioning of the workpiece and the upper end surface of the chassis 25.1 can be realized by the air suction operation of the vacuum generator 25.2; when the workpiece needs to be taken down, the vacuum generator 25.2 is closed, and the workpiece is very convenient to use.

In the structure, a T-shaped sliding groove 24.1 extending along the front-back direction of the mounting plate 24 is arranged on the mounting plate, and a T-shaped sliding block 26 in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding groove 24.1 is connected to the lower end of the vacuum chuck assembly 25; the mounting plate 24 is connected with a plurality of pressing components 27 which are pressed on the peripheral outer edge of the vacuum chuck component 25. More specifically, in the structure, one pressing component 27 is respectively arranged at four angular positions of the chassis 25.1, the pressing component 27 comprises a pressing plate 27.1, a bolt 27.2 and a nut 27.3, countersunk holes are respectively formed in positions, corresponding to the four corners of the chassis 25.1, on the chassis mounting plate 24, one end of the bolt 27.2 is connected in the countersunk hole, the upper end of the bolt 27.2 penetrates through the pressing plate 27.1, and the nut 27.3 is connected to one end, penetrating through the pressing plate 27.1, of the bolt 27.2; on the other hand, a spring 27.4 is further arranged between the pressure plate 27.1 and the bottom of the counter bore, and the spring 27.4 is sleeved outside the bolt 27.2, in this structure, the spring 27.4 is arranged to enable the pressure plate 27.1 to have an upward movement driving function, and under the action of the nut 27.3, the pressure plate 27.1 is moved downwards to a pressing position against the spring force, and after the pressing position is fixed, the upward acting force provided by the spring 27.4 can realize more stable locking force of the nut 27.3 and the bolt 27.2.

As shown in fig. 12, the feeding auxiliary mechanism 400 in this embodiment is the same as the discharging auxiliary mechanism 600, and both of them include a linear motor assembly 28 extending along the front-rear direction of the rack 1, a fixed plate 29 is slidably connected to the linear motor assembly 28, an auxiliary chuck 30 is hinged to the rear end of the fixed plate 29, a push rod 31 is connected between the fixed plate 29 and the auxiliary chuck 30, one end of the push rod 31 is hinged to the front end of the fixed plate 29, and the other end of the push rod 31 is hinged to the front side wall of the auxiliary chuck 30. Specifically, the auxiliary chuck 30 in this structure is a 90 ° rotation structure, that is, in the initial position, the auxiliary chuck 30 is horizontally arranged below the chuck for loading the workpiece from the loading conveyor 300 or horizontally placing the workpiece on the unloading conveyor 500; when the workpiece needs to be transferred to the cylindrical surface clamping assembly, the auxiliary chuck 30 needs to be rotated by 90 degrees to be in a chuck vertical state, so that the workpiece can be smoothly transferred between the clamping jaws 12 on the cylindrical surface clamping assembly; and the rotation of the auxiliary chuck 30 can be realized by the extension and contraction of the push rod 31 in this structure. More specifically, a contact block 34 is provided at a position close to the auxiliary chuck 30 at the rear end of the fixing plate 29, and a lower end surface of the contact block 34 contacts an upper end surface of the auxiliary chuck 30 in an initial state to restrict the forward rotation of the auxiliary chuck 30. Preferably, the auxiliary chuck 30 in this configuration is a conventional electric chuck, and will not be described in detail herein.

The first driving motor 5, the second driving motor 17 and the third driving motor 21 described by the above structure are all servo motors, and have high driving precision, strong adaptability and good stability.

The invention has the following advantages:

firstly, the cylindrical surface clamping structure adopts a special module, a driving cylinder 10 moves horizontally to drive a second rack 13 on a middle shell 8 to move horizontally, and then the horizontal movement is changed into the circumferential rotation of a jaw chassis 11 at the bottom of the cylindrical surface clamping special module through a multi-stage speed reducing mechanism, so that a jaw 23 moves radially on the jaw chassis 11 to play a role in clamping a workpiece. The horizontal movement of the driving cylinder 10 replaces the traditional screw tightening device, the clamping is carried out through a mechanical means, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the clamping jaw 23 to prevent the workpiece from being stressed and deformed to be damaged due to overlarge stress.

Secondly, in the cylinder clamping assembly, the second driving motor 17 drives the inner shell 9 to rotate at a constant speed, so that the cylinder can be rotated while laser engraving is performed, and the stable operation of the processing of the cylinder of the workpiece is ensured.

The third, terminal surface locating component adopts vacuum chuck formula structure, has replaced traditional clamp installation mechanism through vacuum chuck, has reduced terminal surface clamping mechanism's volume, has improved the swift convenience of clamping when guaranteeing the axiality, opens and stops vacuum generator 25.2 and can accomplish the clamping, prevents the condition that the pressure that traditional clamping probably produced destroys the work piece greatly to guarantee laser engraving's efficiency nature and practicality.

Fourth, the design of producing the line of application binary channels replaces traditional work piece clamping processing, because traditional machining carves at every turn and all needs the location work piece, produces great deviation easily with batch part, and production efficiency is low when processing part increase in quantity moreover, is unfavorable for large-batch production. The structure of this application adopts assembly line mechanized production, is applicable to high accuracy mass production, uses through the combination of cylinder anchor clamps and terminal surface anchor clamps to make laser engraving machine can simultaneous processing cylinder and terminal surface, compromises the productivity level when improving the production precision.

Fifthly, the feeding and discharging auxiliary structure adopts an electric chuck structure which can rotate within 90 degrees, so that the conveying belt can horizontally clamp the workpieces conveyed on the conveying belt and flexibly transfer the workpieces to a special clamp, the clamping accuracy is improved, and the deviation caused by clamping errors is reduced.

Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic change laser engraving system, includes frame (1), its characterized in that: the automatic loading device comprises a rack (1), and is characterized in that a loading station, a laser engraving station and a blanking station which are sequentially arranged at intervals in the left-right direction of the rack (1) are arranged on the front side of the rack (1), a first clamping mechanism (100) for positioning a circular cylindrical surface of a workpiece and a second clamping mechanism (200) for positioning a horizontal end face of the workpiece are arranged on the rear side of the rack (1), and the first clamping mechanism (100) and the second clamping mechanism (200) reciprocate between the loading station and the blanking station to realize automatic loading of the workpiece from the loading station and automatic blanking from the blanking station after processing of the laser engraving station; the laser engraving machine is characterized in that a laser engraving host (2) is installed on the laser engraving station, and the loading station comprises a loading conveying mechanism (300) and a loading auxiliary mechanism (400) for automatically loading and transferring workpieces on the loading conveying mechanism (300) to a first clamping mechanism (100) or a second clamping mechanism (200); the blanking station comprises a blanking conveying mechanism (500) and a blanking auxiliary mechanism (600) used for automatically blanking and transferring workpieces on the first clamping mechanism (100) or the second clamping mechanism (200) to the blanking conveying mechanism (500).

2. The automated laser engraving system of claim 1, wherein: first clamping machine constructs (100) including first connecting plate (3) of horizontal fixation on frame (1) rear side wall, first slider (4) are equipped with in the slidable joining in marriage of first connecting plate (3) extending its length direction, be connected with cylinder clamping component and first driving motor (5) on first slider (4), still be connected with on first connecting plate (3) and extend first rack (6) that its length direction extends, be connected with the first drive gear with first rack (6) meshing on the output shaft of first driving motor (5).

3. The automated laser engraving system of claim 2, wherein: the cylindrical surface clamping assembly comprises an outer shell (7), an intermediate shell (8) and an inner shell (9) which are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction, the outer shell (7) is fixed on the first sliding block (4), the intermediate shell (8) is assembled in a channel formed between the inner wall of the outer shell (7) and the outer wall of the inner shell (9) in a sliding mode along the axial direction, and a driving cylinder (10) used for driving the intermediate shell (8) to slide is connected to the outer shell (7); the front end of interior casing (9) is connected with jack catch chassis (11), be connected with on the preceding terminal surface of jack catch chassis (11) and a plurality ofly prolong its circumference evenly distributed and prolong its radial slidable jack catch (12), be equipped with drive assembly between middle casing (8) and interior casing (9), work as driving cylinder (10) drive when middle casing (8) back-and-forth movement, drive assembly is used for driving each jack catch (12) are in along radial inside and outside slip on jack catch chassis (11) to realize the chucking of work piece or loosen.

4. The automated laser engraving system of claim 3, wherein: the driving assembly comprises a second rack (13) which is arranged on the inner wall of the middle shell (8) and extends along the axial direction of the middle shell, a reduction gear pair is connected to the inner shell (9), and input teeth of the reduction gear pair are meshed with the second rack (13); the rear end face of the jaw chassis (11) is provided with annular bevel teeth (11.1), and the annular bevel teeth (11.1) are meshed with output teeth of the reduction gear pair; a spiral groove (11.2) is formed in the front end face of the jaw chassis (11), and teeth (12.1) matched with the spiral grooves (11.2) are formed in the end face, close to the jaw chassis (11), of each jaw (12); when the second rack (13) moves back and forth, the reduction gear pair drives the jaw chassis (11) to move along the forward and reverse circumferences so that the jaws (12) are close to or separated from each other along the radial direction, and the front end of the inner shell (9) is connected with a limiting disc (32) used for axially limiting the jaws (12).

5. The automated laser engraving system of claim 4, wherein: the reduction gear pair comprises an input tooth column (14), a middle tooth column (15) and an output tooth column (16), wherein the input tooth column (14) is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the middle tooth column (15) and the output tooth column (16) are arranged along the vertical direction and are parallel to each other along the axial direction of the inner shell (9); the one end of input tooth post (14) is equipped with input tooth (14.1) with second rack (13) meshing, the other end of input tooth post (14) is equipped with first awl tooth (14.2), the one end of middle tooth post (15) is equipped with second awl tooth (15.1) with first awl tooth (14.2) meshing, the other end of middle tooth post (15) is equipped with first speed reduction tooth (15.2), the one end of output tooth post (16) be equipped with second speed reduction tooth (16.1) of first speed reduction tooth (15.2) meshing, the other end of output tooth post (16) be equipped with output awl tooth (16.2) of annular awl tooth (11.1) meshing.

6. The automated laser engraving system of claim 3, wherein: a second driving motor (17) is connected to the rear end face of the outer shell (7), and an output shaft of the second driving motor (17) is in transmission connection with the inner shell (9); the outer wall of the inner shell (9) and the inner wall of the middle shell (8) are connected with a linkage shell (18) in sequence, the inner wall of the linkage shell (18) is connected with the outer wall of the inner shell (9) in an axial sliding mode, and the outer wall of the linkage shell (18) is connected with the inner wall of the middle shell (8) in a relatively rotatable mode.

7. The automated laser engraving system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the second clamping mechanism (200) comprises a second connecting plate (19) horizontally arranged along the left and right directions of the rack (1), a second sliding block (20) is assembled on the second connecting plate (19) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the second connecting plate, an end face positioning assembly and a third driving motor (21) are connected onto the second sliding block (20), a third rack (22) extending along the length direction of the second connecting plate is further connected onto the second connecting plate (19), and a second transmission gear (23) meshed with the third rack (22) is connected onto an output shaft of the third driving motor (21).

8. The automated laser engraving system of claim 7, wherein: the end face positioning component comprises a mounting plate (24) connected to the upper end of the second connecting plate (19), a vacuum chuck component (25) used for adsorbing and positioning the end face of a workpiece is connected to the mounting plate (24), and the vacuum chuck component (25) is detachably connected with the mounting plate (24).

9. The automated laser engraving system of claim 8, wherein: the mounting plate (24) is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove (24.1) extending along the front-back direction of the mounting plate, and the lower end of the vacuum sucker component (25) is connected with a T-shaped sliding block (26) in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding groove (24.1); the mounting plate (24) is connected with a plurality of pressing components (27) which are pressed on the circumferential outer edge of the vacuum sucker component (25).

10. The automated laser engraving system of claim 1, wherein: material loading complementary unit (400) are the same with unloading complementary unit (600), all include along linear electric motor subassembly (28) that the fore-and-aft direction of frame (1) extended the setting, sliding connection has fixed plate (29) on linear electric motor subassembly (28), the rear end of fixed plate (29) is articulated to have supplementary chuck (30), fixed plate (29) with be connected with push rod (31) between supplementary chuck (30), the one end of push rod (31) with the front end of fixed plate (29) is articulated, the other end of push rod (31) with the preceding lateral wall of supplementary chuck (30) is articulated.