CN115090857B - Aluminum alloy box tile hole embedded casting structure and process - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy box tile hole embedded casting structure and process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115090857B
CN115090857B CN202210778123.2A CN202210778123A CN115090857B CN 115090857 B CN115090857 B CN 115090857B CN 202210778123 A CN202210778123 A CN 202210778123A CN 115090857 B CN115090857 B CN 115090857B
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embedded
embedded casting
casting
aluminum alloy
tile
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CN115090857A (en
Inventor
贺林
刘士渊
白龙
张世武
王光伟
袁际章
王伟
张耀
徐宏
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Shanxi Zhongbing Foundry Co ltd
Shanxi Diesel Engine Industries Co Ltd
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Shanxi Zhongbing Foundry Co ltd
Shanxi Diesel Engine Industries Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/02Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/16Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy box tile hole embedded casting structure and process, comprising an embedded casting body, wherein a plurality of tile holes are formed in the embedded casting body, cylindrical pieces with alternately convex and concave are arranged at the lower part of the embedded casting body, square frame structures are arranged at two sides of the embedded casting body, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at two sides of the cylindrical pieces, one end of each reinforcing rib is connected with the cylindrical piece, and the other end of each reinforcing rib is connected with the square frame structures. The aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure adopts high-strength and high-wear-resistance ductile iron as an insert casting material, and meanwhile, the ductile iron insert casting has high rigidity; in the structural design of the embedded casting, the expansion coefficients of the two materials and the influence of temperature on a bonding interface are fully considered, the typical characteristics of the anti-falling and anti-cracking structure are fully considered in the design process, and the self-locking fastening and the regional metallurgical bonding of the embedded casting in the operation process are ensured.

Description

Aluminum alloy box tile hole embedded casting structure and process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of embedded casting of aluminum alloy box tile holes of diesel engines, and particularly relates to an embedded casting structure and process of an aluminum alloy box tile hole.
Background
The traditional design method of the diesel engine box body is that the box body is made of cast iron materials, and is characterized in that the box body has higher overall performance, good overall processability and wear resistance, and longer service life of the diesel engine. The other design method is that the box body is made of light aluminum alloy material, and is characterized in that the whole weight of the diesel engine is greatly reduced, castings such as the box body, the cylinder cover and the like made of aluminum alloy can meet the light weight requirement of the diesel engine, but the box body is used as a core part of the diesel engine, the key high bearing part operates in an alternating load state of high burst pressure transmission for a long time, the rigidity of the aluminum alloy material is poor, and the tile hole part structure is stressed to generate micro deformation in the operation process to cause local micro-motion of the tile and the engine body, so that micro-motion abrasion is easy to generate. Particularly, the high-power density diesel engine has the advantages that the alternating load has larger stress effect, the diesel engine box body and the tile are slightly rubbed for a long time, friction inevitably causes abrasion and generates friction heat, so that an aluminum layer of the box body is bonded to the tile, an indentation is formed at the tile mounting part of the box body, even the diesel engine fails in the checking process, the performance of the traditional aluminum matrix of the diesel engine box body is difficult to meet the local high bearing requirement of the current casting, and the fatigue and abrasion failure of the aluminum alloy box body are easily caused by the poor rigidity of the key part.
The large diesel engine box body is designed by adopting a cast aluminum alloy material all the time, and the design of a diesel engine box body with certain high power density is taken as an example and is shown in fig. 1; the box body is produced by adopting a gravity casting method of ZL118 cast aluminum alloy materials, the upper cylinder body of the box body is of a V-shaped structure, the lower part of the box body is of a door-shaped structure, the lower box body, the high-pressure oil duct, the air inlet cavity, the waste air cavity and the water cavity are integrated into a whole, the tensile strength of key parts of castings after quenching and aging treatment is more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 3%, and the Brinell hardness is more than or equal to 125HB; the machining precision Ra0.8 at the bearing bush; the water cavity, the oil duct and the air inlet cavity are respectively subjected to water pressure test, the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the pressure is 300-980kpa; the time is 5-10min, and the leakage phenomenon is not allowed; the box body does not allow the defects such as cracks, cold insulation, shrinkage porosity and the like to exist.
The design has a larger breakthrough on the basis of the traditional design, aims at the problems of tile aluminum layer bonding, aluminum matrix indentation and the like on the aluminum matrix of the box body, adopts an advanced rolling technology to enhance the surface wear resistance of the tile, reduces the bonding and indentation phenomena, and does not fundamentally solve the problem.
Because the box body and the bearing bush connecting part are still mechanically combined through the bolts, the fatigue strength of the bolt holes is insufficient under the severe working condition of high bearing capacity due to the fact that the bolt holes are subjected to alternating load stress for a long time, the performance of an aluminum matrix is difficult to meet the current fatigue strength, and alternating load of a crankshaft is concentrated between the bearing bush and the box body, so that micro motion is generated in the running process, and even a partition plate is cracked, and therefore the bearing capacity and the fatigue strength of the bearing bush part of the diesel engine box become serious hidden dangers of diesel engine failure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure and process, which solve the problems of weak bearing capacity, poor wear resistance and poor fatigue resistance of a box body high bearing part.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides an aluminum alloy box tile hole inserts cast structure, includes inserts the foundry goods body, the foundry goods body on be equipped with a plurality of tile holes, the lower part of inserts the foundry goods body be provided with the alternate cylinder piece of convex-concave, the both sides of inserts the foundry goods body be provided with square frame structure, the both sides of cylinder piece be provided with a plurality of strengthening ribs, the one end of strengthening rib with the cylinder piece link to each other, the other end with square frame structure link to each other. In order to ensure that the embedded casting and the aluminum base body can be better combined, two sides of the embedded casting are arranged into square frame structures with thick periphery and thin middle, and two through holes are respectively formed on two sides of the square frame. The embedded casting structure is subjected to heat treatment, and then is subjected to mechanical processing, and the embedded casting structure which is qualified in processing is used for embedded casting of the box body, and 6 embedded casting structures are required to be prepared for each box body. The reinforcing rib is adjacent to the tile hole.
Further, a prismatic structure is arranged below the tile holes. The prismatic structure is used for ensuring that the plane part of the embedded casting tile hole is tightly adhered with the box body partition board, and the embedded casting is not tilted in the processing and using processes.
Further, the outer diameter of the concave part of the cylindrical part is matched with the wall thickness of the middle oil through hole, and the convex part is covered by the partition plate aluminum matrix. The cylinder piece is for guaranteeing the joint strength of inserts foundry goods and box.
Further, machining allowance is added to the two end faces of the tile holes, and the tile holes are flush with a partition plate of a diesel engine box body.
Further, the shape of the embedded casting body corresponds to the shape of the partition plate bearing bush; the material of the embedded casting body is QT-500-7. The invention aims at the severe working condition that the bearing part of the high-power density diesel engine box body bears the load, and the aluminum alloy material of the box body is difficult to meet the requirements of local high performance, high fatigue strength and wear resistance, so that the sample piece is seriously invalid. The adoption of the aluminum matrix embedding technology can exert the advantages of high fatigue strength, good embedding property, rigidity, friction and wear performance and certain strength of the embedded material. The structure is an embedded casting part with high-performance materials locally, the embedded casting part is directly embedded and cast on an aluminum alloy box body, and the contrast research proves that QT500-7 is the most suitable material for the embedded casting part.
The part of the aluminum alloy box body tile hole embedded casting structure is provided with a material with high fatigue strength, the sample piece is embedded cast at the tile hole, the material of the embedded casting has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of a machine body, has similar hardness and surface quality as those of a tile cover bearing tile, and has stronger rigidity; in the structural design process of the embedded casting, the expansion coefficients of the two materials and the influence of temperature on a bonding interface are comprehensively considered, and typical characteristics of falling prevention and cracking prevention are introduced in the design process, so that the self-locking fastening of the structure and the metallurgical bonding of the region are realized in the service process of the sample.
An embedding and casting process for tile holes of an aluminum alloy box body comprises the following steps:
(1) A heat-preservation feeding head is arranged at the top of the embedded casting body;
(2) Machining the embedded casting body after heat treatment;
(3) And (5) performing shot blasting and heating degreasing treatment on the machined embedded casting body.
In order to improve the density of the oil duct of the embedded casting, on the premise of carrying out full inoculation and spheroidization on molten iron, a heat-preservation feeding head is arranged at the top of the embedded casting body, so that the embedded casting body is fully fed in the solidification process, and the density of the embedded casting body is improved; in order to ensure the dimensional accuracy and the position accuracy of the embedded casting body, the embedded casting body is mechanically processed after heat treatment; in order to ensure that the embedded casting body and the aluminum substrate are tightly combined, the processed embedded casting is subjected to shot blasting and heating degreasing treatment, and induction heating pretreatment is carried out before casting of the box body.
A method for pretreating an insert casting comprises the following steps: and (3) passing the high-frequency induction heating coil through the inside of the assembled sand core, wherein the surface layer temperature of the embedded casting body is 500-550 ℃, the heating time is 7-10s, extracting the high-frequency induction heating coil after heating, assembling the filled sand core to the heating preformed hole part of the embedded casting body, and completing pouring within 5-10 min.
Further, the pouring step takes the power-off of the heating power supply as a timing point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the tile hole embedded casting structure of the aluminum alloy box body adopts high-strength and high-wear-resistance ductile iron as an embedded casting material, and meanwhile, the ductile iron embedded casting has stronger rigidity; in the structural design of the embedded casting, the expansion coefficients of the two materials and the influence of temperature on a bonding interface are fully considered, the typical characteristics of the anti-falling and anti-cracking structure are fully considered in the design process, and the self-locking fastening and the regional metallurgical bonding of the embedded casting in the operation process are ensured.
According to the aluminum alloy box tile hole embedding and casting process, the nodular cast iron embedded casting is combined with the aluminum alloy box body in a high fitting degree through an induction heating pretreatment method of an embedded casting structure. The bimetal casting is adopted to improve the strength and the bearing capacity of the bearing part, so that the problem that the casting is cracked when the bearing seat part of the engine body of the high-power density diesel engine bears high explosion pressure is solved. Meanwhile, corresponding measures are taken to solve the problem of separation of the embedded casting and the aluminum matrix and realize high-fitting-degree embedded casting of the iron casting on the aluminum alloy box body aiming at the problems of separation of an interface bonding layer of the embedded casting and the aluminum matrix, leakage caused by loose surrounding oil ducts and local tilting of a tile hole plane of the embedded casting in the trial production process. Aiming at the problems that the tissue density is reduced and the loose defect exists in the thick and large part in the middle of the embedded casting, the heat-insulating riser is added in the thick and large part of the embedded casting to improve the density of the thick and large part of the embedded casting.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diesel engine case according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the matching of the aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure and the diesel engine box according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure heated by a high-frequency induction heating coil according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy box tile hole casting structure provided with a heat preservation feeding head according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. the diesel engine box body; 2. an aluminum alloy box body; 3. a casting body; 31. tile holes; 32. a square frame structure; 33. a cylindrical member; 34. reinforcing ribs; 35. prismatic structures.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-5, the tile hole embedded casting structure of the aluminum alloy box comprises an embedded casting body, wherein a plurality of tile holes are formed in the embedded casting body, cylindrical pieces with convex-concave gaps are arranged at the lower part of the embedded casting body, square frame structures are arranged on two sides of the embedded casting body, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on two sides of the cylindrical pieces, one end of each reinforcing rib is connected with the corresponding cylindrical piece, and the other end of each reinforcing rib is connected with the corresponding square frame structure. In order to ensure that the embedded casting and the aluminum base body can be better combined, two sides of the embedded casting are arranged into square frame structures with thick periphery and thin middle, and two through holes are respectively formed on two sides of the square frame. The embedded casting structure is subjected to heat treatment, and then is subjected to mechanical processing, and the embedded casting structure which is qualified in processing is used for embedded casting of the box body, and 6 embedded casting structures are required to be prepared for each box body.
And a prismatic structure is arranged below the tile holes. The prismatic structure is used for ensuring that the plane part of the embedded casting tile hole is tightly adhered with the box body partition board, and the embedded casting is not tilted in the processing and using processes.
The outer diameter of the concave part of the cylindrical part is matched with the wall thickness of the middle oil through hole, and the convex part is covered by the partition plate aluminum matrix. The cylinder piece is for guaranteeing the joint strength of inserts foundry goods and box.
And machining allowance is added on two end surfaces of the tile hole and is flush with a partition plate of the diesel engine box body.
The shape of the embedded casting body corresponds to the shape of the partition plate bearing bush; the material of the embedded casting body is QT-500-7. The invention aims at the severe working condition that the bearing part of the high-power density diesel engine box body bears the load, and the aluminum alloy material of the box body is difficult to meet the requirements of local high performance, high fatigue strength and wear resistance, so that the sample piece is seriously invalid. The adoption of the aluminum matrix embedding technology can exert the advantages of high fatigue strength, good embedding property, rigidity, friction and wear performance and certain strength of the embedded material. The structure is an embedded casting part with high-performance materials locally, the embedded casting part is directly embedded and cast on an aluminum alloy box body, and the contrast research proves that QT500-7 is the most suitable material for the embedded casting part.
The part of the aluminum alloy box body tile hole embedded casting structure is provided with a material with high fatigue strength, the sample piece is embedded cast at the tile hole, the material of the embedded casting has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of a machine body, has similar hardness and surface quality as those of a tile cover bearing tile, and has stronger rigidity; in the structural design process of the embedded casting, the expansion coefficients of the two materials and the influence of temperature on a bonding interface are comprehensively considered, and typical characteristics of falling prevention and cracking prevention are introduced in the design process, so that the self-locking fastening of the structure and the metallurgical bonding of the region are realized in the service process of the sample.
An embedding and casting process for tile holes of an aluminum alloy box body comprises the following steps:
(1) A heat-preservation feeding head is arranged at the top of the embedded casting body;
(2) Machining the embedded casting body after heat treatment;
(3) And (5) performing shot blasting and heating degreasing treatment on the machined embedded casting body.
In order to improve the density of the oil duct of the embedded casting, on the premise of carrying out full inoculation and spheroidization on molten iron, a heat-preservation feeding head is arranged at the top of the embedded casting body, so that the embedded casting body is fully fed in the solidification process, and the density of the embedded casting body is improved; in order to ensure the dimensional accuracy and the position accuracy of the embedded casting body, the embedded casting body is mechanically processed after heat treatment; in order to ensure that the embedded casting body and the aluminum substrate are tightly combined, the processed embedded casting is subjected to shot blasting and heating degreasing treatment, and induction heating pretreatment is carried out before casting of the box body.
A method for pretreating an insert casting comprises the following steps: and (3) enabling the high-frequency induction heating coil to penetrate through the inside of the assembled sand core, wherein the surface layer temperature of the embedded casting body is 500 ℃, the heating time is 8s, extracting the high-frequency induction heating coil after heating, assembling the filled sand core to the heating preformed hole of the embedded casting body, and completing pouring within 10 min. The pouring step takes the power-off of the heating power supply as a timing point.
The embedded casting pretreatment method of the high-frequency induction heating realizes the embedded casting of the high-strength high-wear-resistance ductile iron piece in the box tile hole, improves the performance of the high-bearing part and the fatigue dangerous area of the high-bearing aluminum alloy box casting, breaks through the control technology of interface interlayer combination of the aluminum base and the embedded casting material, not only meets the performance of the high-bearing part of the box, but also improves the overall performance of the diesel engine.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. An aluminum alloy box tile hole inserts and casts structure, its characterized in that: the embedded casting comprises an embedded casting body, wherein a plurality of tile holes are formed in the embedded casting body, cylindrical pieces with alternately arranged convex and concave are arranged at the lower part of the embedded casting body, square frame structures are arranged at two sides of the embedded casting body, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at two sides of the cylindrical pieces, one ends of the reinforcing ribs are connected with the cylindrical pieces, and the other ends of the reinforcing ribs are connected with the square frame structures;
a prismatic structure is arranged below the tile holes;
the outer diameter of the concave part of the cylindrical part is matched with the wall thickness of the middle oil through hole, and the convex part is covered by the partition plate aluminum matrix;
the shape of the embedded casting body corresponds to the shape of the partition plate bearing bush; the material of the embedded casting body is QT-500-7.
2. The aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure according to claim 1, wherein: and machining allowance is added on two end surfaces of the tile hole and is flush with a partition plate of the diesel engine box body.
3. An aluminum alloy box tile hole embedding process of the aluminum alloy box tile hole embedding structure as set forth in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) A heat-preservation feeding head is arranged at the top of the embedded casting body;
(2) Machining the embedded casting body after heat treatment;
(3) And (5) performing shot blasting and heating degreasing treatment on the machined embedded casting body.
4. A method for pretreating an insert casting of an aluminum alloy box tile hole insert casting structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the steps of: the method comprises the following steps: and (3) passing the high-frequency induction heating coil through the inside of the assembled sand core, wherein the surface layer temperature of the embedded casting body is 500-550 ℃, the heating time is 7-10s, extracting the high-frequency induction heating coil after heating, assembling the filled sand core to the heating preformed hole part of the embedded casting body, and completing pouring within 5-10 min.
5. The method for pretreating an insert casting according to claim 4, wherein: the pouring step takes the power-off of the heating power supply as a timing point.
CN202210778123.2A 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Aluminum alloy box tile hole embedded casting structure and process Active CN115090857B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU3132699A (en) * 1998-04-16 1999-11-08 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Bimetallic plate
DE102008014022A1 (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-17 Honsel Ag Cylinder block manufacturing method for diesel engine of e.g. lorry, involves providing half shells against each other along common breaking surface, and screwing half shells with one another, during mounting of cylinder block
CN202867021U (en) * 2012-09-20 2013-04-10 重庆隆鑫压铸有限公司 Cylinder cover
CN103028718A (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-10 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Casting method of diesel engine air cylinder
CN103658549A (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-26 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Sand casted aluminum diesel piston equipped with as-cast, reentrant combustion bowl used for light or medium duty diesel engines
CN104439188A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-03-25 重庆易初机械有限公司 Cylinder cast iron insert for aluminum alloy component
CN105798268A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-27 杨洪彬 Duplex metal composite engine cylinder block and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU3132699A (en) * 1998-04-16 1999-11-08 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Bimetallic plate
DE102008014022A1 (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-17 Honsel Ag Cylinder block manufacturing method for diesel engine of e.g. lorry, involves providing half shells against each other along common breaking surface, and screwing half shells with one another, during mounting of cylinder block
CN103028718A (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-10 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Casting method of diesel engine air cylinder
CN103658549A (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-26 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Sand casted aluminum diesel piston equipped with as-cast, reentrant combustion bowl used for light or medium duty diesel engines
CN202867021U (en) * 2012-09-20 2013-04-10 重庆隆鑫压铸有限公司 Cylinder cover
CN104439188A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-03-25 重庆易初机械有限公司 Cylinder cast iron insert for aluminum alloy component
CN105798268A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-27 杨洪彬 Duplex metal composite engine cylinder block and manufacturing method thereof

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