CN115090091B - Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid - Google Patents

Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115090091B
CN115090091B CN202210740037.2A CN202210740037A CN115090091B CN 115090091 B CN115090091 B CN 115090091B CN 202210740037 A CN202210740037 A CN 202210740037A CN 115090091 B CN115090091 B CN 115090091B
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flue gas
citric acid
flue
waste incineration
ammonia
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CN115090091A (en
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许岩韦
鲁润润
刘永付
胡利华
王进
王沛丽
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58Ammonia
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/70Organic acids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification. The device comprises a semi-dry deacidification tower, a reaction flue, a bag-type dust remover, a citric acid injector and an active carbon injector; the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower is connected with the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue through a pipeline; the flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue is connected with a bag-type dust remover through a pipeline; the citric acid injector and the activated carbon injector are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue and are respectively used for injecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles. The invention can actively remove ammonia in the flue gas while ensuring the desulfurization and denitrification effects of the original SNCR and SCR systems, reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.

Description

Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification, and particularly relates to a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid.
Background
In the conventional flue gas purification process of garbage incineration, an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) process is generally adopted, and NO is sprayed into high-temperature flue gas at 850-900 ℃ by spraying ammonia water or urea x Reduction to N 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For ultra low emission projects, SCR (selective catalytic reduction) processes are also commonly employed, with catalysts to further reduce NO x Is a discharge value of (2). However, the efficiency of SNCR and SCR is limited by the degree of mixing of ammonia or urea with the flue gas, residence time, reaction temperature, etc., and ammonia or urea is typically used in excess such that the flue gas contains unreacted ammonia (this fraction of ammonia is typically called slip ammonia) at a concentration that depends on the degree of excess of ammonia or urea.
The existing flue gas escape ammonia control mode is mainly focused on reasonably controlling the injection amount of ammonia water/urea in SNCR and SCR, or utilizing a catalyst to enable ammonia gas to further react with NO x The reaction is not carried out for absorption or removal of escaping ammonia; or a mode of adding a whole set of process is adopted, and the ammonia in the flue gas is removed specially. The method is high in cost and is unfavorable for on-site transformation of the existing projects.
ZL202121327958.3 discloses a flue gas deamination reactor, wherein solid deamination agents are uniformly distributed on a partition plate, so that flue gas uniformly passes through the partition plate, and the effect of removing ammonia in the flue gas is achieved. However, the deamination agent is uniformly distributed on the partition board, and the flue gas needs to have a certain residence time near the partition board, so that a plurality of layers of partition boards are required to be arranged, a special reactor is arranged, the flow rate of the flue gas is reduced, and the pressure loss of the system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid, which can actively remove ammonia in the flue gas while ensuring the desulfurization and denitrification effects of the prior SNCR and SCR systems, reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides, and have the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: a device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid comprises a semi-dry deacidification tower, a reaction flue, a bag-type dust remover, a citric acid injector and an activated carbon injector; the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower is connected with the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue through a pipeline; the flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue is connected with a bag-type dust remover through a pipeline; the citric acid injector and the activated carbon injector are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue and are respectively used for injecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles.
Preferably, the included angle between the spraying direction of the citric acid sprayer and the flowing direction of the flue gas is 30-45 degrees.
Preferably, the length of the reaction flue is 4-6 m.
Preferably, the temperature of the flue gas at the flue gas inlet of the reaction flue is 140-160 ℃.
Preferably, a rotary atomizer is arranged in the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower and is used for spraying lime slurry.
Preferably, a flue gas inlet is arranged at the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower and is used for receiving flue gas of the waste heat boiler.
Preferably, the device further comprises an induced draft fan and a chimney, wherein the gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the gas inlet of the induced draft fan through a pipeline, and the gas outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the gas inlet of the chimney through a pipeline.
A method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid comprises the following steps: the waste incineration flue gas enters a reaction flue after being treated by a semi-dry deacidification tower, wherein escaped ammonia reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer to generate ammonium citrate which is removed, and meanwhile, activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer are adsorbed and enter a cloth bag dust remover to further remove particles in the flue gas.
Preferably, the citric acid liquid drops are saturated aqueous solutions of citric acid.
The beneficial effects are that: the citric acid is adopted to remove the escaped ammonia in the flue gas, so that the SNCR and SCR system removal effects can be ensured, and meanwhile, the main effect is achievedThe ammonia in the flue gas is dynamically removed, and NO is not influenced x Is discharged after reaching the standard;
the sprayed citric acid liquid drops are instantaneously evaporated to be small particles, and can be directly removed by using the original bag-type dust remover without adding new flue gas purifying equipment except the citric acid sprayer;
the generated ammonium citrate has good thermal stability, can be decomposed at the temperature of more than 190 ℃, can ensure that ammonia and citric acid can not be decomposed again after ammonia removal, can further absorb heavy metals and dioxin in flue gas, and reduces environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 1. a semi-dry deacidification tower; 2. a reaction flue; 3. a bag-type dust collector; 4. a citric acid injector; 5. an activated carbon injector; 6. a rotary atomizer; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. and (5) a chimney.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the device for removing the escaping ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas by using the citric acid comprises a semi-dry deacidification tower 1, a reaction flue 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, a citric acid injector 4, an activated carbon injector 5, an induced draft fan 7 and a chimney 8.
The top of the semi-dry deacidification tower 1 is provided with a smoke inlet for receiving smoke of a waste heat boiler; a rotary atomizer 6 is arranged on the inner side of the top and is used for spraying lime slurry; the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the reaction flue 2 is connected with the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue through a pipeline.
The length of the reaction flue 2 is 4-6 m, so that sufficient reaction time can be provided. The flue gas temperature at the flue gas inlet at the bottom is 160 ℃, and the flue gas outlet at the top is connected with the bag-type dust collector 3 through a pipeline; the citric acid injector 4 and the activated carbon injector 5 are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue 2 and are respectively used for injecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles. Wherein, the included angle between the spraying direction of the citric acid sprayer 4 and the flowing direction of the flue gas is 30-45 degrees.
The gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 is connected with the gas inlet of the induced draft fan 7 through a pipeline, and the gas outlet of the induced draft fan 7 is connected with the gas inlet of the chimney 8 through a pipeline.
The method for removing the escaping ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas by using the device comprises the following steps:
waste incineration flue gas (200-220 ℃) from a waste heat boiler enters a semi-dry deacidification tower 1, lime slurry sprayed by a rotary atomizer 6 is treated, and then the lime slurry is evaporated to dryness and becomes solid small particles, and HF, HCl, SO in the flue gas simultaneously 2 、CO 2 Fully react to form CaF 2 、CaCl 2 、CaSO 3 、CaCO 3 And discharging a part of particles from a conical section at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower 1, and carrying a small amount of particles to a rear section by flue gas. The treated flue gas enters a reaction flue 2, ammonia escaping from the flue gas reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer 4 to generate ammonium citrate, the ammonium citrate is removed, activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer 5 are adsorbed, the flue gas enters a bag-type dust collector 3, particles in the flue gas are further removed, and finally the flue gas is discharged to the atmosphere through a chimney 8 by a draught fan 7.
The citric acid liquid drops are saturated aqueous solutions of citric acid, and small solid particles of citric acid can be matched with pneumatic conveying equipment.
According to the invention, citric acid is adopted for removing escaped ammonia in the flue gas for the first time, so that ammonia in the flue gas can be actively removed while the removing effects of SNCR and SCR systems are ensured, and NO is not influenced x Is discharged after reaching the standard; the sprayed citric acid liquid drops are instantaneously evaporated to be small particles, and can be directly removed by using the original bag-type dust remover 3 without adding new flue gas purifying equipment except the citric acid sprayer 4; the generated ammonium citrate has good thermal stability, can be decomposed at the temperature of more than 190 ℃, can ensure that ammonia and citric acid can not be decomposed again after ammonia removal, can further absorb heavy metals and dioxin in flue gas, and reduces environmental pollution.

Claims (8)

1. The device for removing the escaped ammonia in the waste incineration flue gas by using the citric acid is characterized by comprising a semi-dry deacidification tower (1), a reaction flue (2), a bag-type dust collector (3), a citric acid injector (4) and an activated carbon injector (5); the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower (1) is connected with the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction flue (2) through a pipeline; the flue gas outlet at the top of the reaction flue (2) is connected with a bag-type dust collector (3) through a pipeline; the citric acid injector (4) and the activated carbon injector (5) are respectively arranged at the upstream of the reaction flue (2) and are respectively used for injecting citric acid liquid drops and activated carbon particles, and the flue gas temperature at the flue gas inlet of the reaction flue (2) is 140-160 ℃.
2. The device for removing escaped ammonia from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the spraying direction of the citric acid sprayer (4) and the flowing direction of the flue gas is 30-45 degrees.
3. The device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 1, wherein the length of the reaction flue (2) is 4-6 m.
4. The device for removing the escaping ammonia from the waste incineration flue gas by utilizing the citric acid according to the claim 1, wherein a rotary atomizer (6) is arranged in the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower (1) and is used for spraying lime slurry.
5. The device for removing escaped ammonia from waste incineration flue gas by utilizing citric acid according to claim 1, wherein a flue gas inlet is arranged at the top of the semi-dry deacidification tower (1) and is used for receiving flue gas of a waste heat boiler.
6. The device for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by utilizing citric acid according to claim 1, further comprising an induced draft fan (7) and a chimney (8), wherein a gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector (3) is connected with a gas inlet of the induced draft fan (7) through a pipeline, and a gas outlet of the induced draft fan (7) is connected with a gas inlet of the chimney (8) through a pipeline.
7. A method for removing escaping ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid by using the device as claimed in claim 1: the waste incineration flue gas enters a reaction flue (2) after being treated by a semi-dry deacidification tower (1), wherein escaped ammonia reacts with citric acid liquid drops sprayed by a citric acid sprayer (4) to generate ammonium citrate which is removed, and meanwhile, activated carbon particles sprayed by an activated carbon sprayer (5) are adsorbed and enter a cloth bag dust collector (3) to further remove particles in the flue gas.
8. The method for removing escaped ammonia from waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid according to claim 7, wherein the citric acid droplets are saturated aqueous solutions of citric acid.
CN202210740037.2A 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Device and method for removing escaped ammonia in waste incineration flue gas by using citric acid Active CN115090091B (en)

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CN110624384A (en) * 2019-10-17 2019-12-31 中国环境保护集团有限公司 Purification treatment method and purification treatment device for waste incineration flue gas
CN212576008U (en) * 2020-05-30 2021-02-23 河南科智宏环保科技有限公司 Purification device for removing SNCR and SCR escaped ammonia
CN113289475A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-24 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 Method for reducing ammonia escape after SNCR or SCR denitration

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US20130334466A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2013-12-19 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. System and method for reducing halogen levels necessary for mercury control, increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an scr catalyst and/or control of multiple emissions
CN110624384A (en) * 2019-10-17 2019-12-31 中国环境保护集团有限公司 Purification treatment method and purification treatment device for waste incineration flue gas
CN212576008U (en) * 2020-05-30 2021-02-23 河南科智宏环保科技有限公司 Purification device for removing SNCR and SCR escaped ammonia
CN113289475A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-24 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 Method for reducing ammonia escape after SNCR or SCR denitration

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