CN115090081A - Recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration - Google Patents
Recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration Download PDFInfo
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- CN115090081A CN115090081A CN202210775953.XA CN202210775953A CN115090081A CN 115090081 A CN115090081 A CN 115090081A CN 202210775953 A CN202210775953 A CN 202210775953A CN 115090081 A CN115090081 A CN 115090081A
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- hydrogen chloride
- gas
- bischofite
- dehydration
- tail gas
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- MJMDTFNVECGTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] MJMDTFNVECGTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DARFZFVWKREYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DARFZFVWKREYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XEEYVTMVFJEEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dichloride;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] XEEYVTMVFJEEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
Abstract
A cyclic utilization process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration relates to the technical field of cyclic utilization of hydrogen chloride, and comprises the following steps: dust washing: cooling by a spray washing tower, and contacting with the circulating spray liquid in the same direction to remove magnesium chloride dust; removing small droplets of water vapor present in the gas phase by means of a demister 1; one-step water removal: after the dust is washed, part of water vapor is removed through a condensing tower 1; and (2) dewatering in a second step: then passing through a condensing tower 2 to remove most of water vapor; three steps of dewatering: removing liquid drops in the hydrogen chloride tail gas through a demister 2 and a demister 3 after the water is removed in the second step; pressurizing and heating: and after three steps of dewatering, heating the mixture to the temperature required by the process by a heater, increasing the pressure by a compressor, and returning the mixture to the bischofite dehydration dryer. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydrogen chloride gas can be recycled by the process, so that the environmental pollution caused by emission is avoided, and the utilization rate of the hydrogen chloride gas is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen chloride recycling, in particular to a recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration.
Background
In the process of preparing metal magnesium by using magnesium chloride as a raw material, a process for preparing anhydrous magnesium chloride by dehydrating bischofite is key, when the temperature is raised to 117 ℃, bischofite is firstly dehydrated by 2H 20 to form tetrahydrate magnesium chloride, when the temperature is continuously raised to 190 ℃, 2H 2O is removed to form dihydrate magnesium chloride, when the temperature is further raised to 240 ℃, the monohydrate magnesium chloride is obtained, and when the temperature is raised to 520 ℃, the anhydrous magnesium chloride is obtained. However, the dehydration of magnesium chloride monohydrate has side reactions, so that the complete dehydration of bischofite is difficult, the dehydration of magnesium chloride monohydrate is easy to be hydrolyzed to generate basic magnesium chloride, and the basic magnesium chloride can be converted into magnesium oxide which is not beneficial to electrolytic magnesium smelting at high temperature.
The bischofite can be deeply heated and dehydrated in a dry hydrogen chloride environment through a gas protection method, the method can effectively inhibit hydrolysis and generation of magnesium oxide in the dehydration process, but the protective gas after the bischofite is heated and dehydrated is directly discharged to cause environmental pollution, and the hydrogen chloride gas has strong corrosivity due to high temperature, high concentration and water vapor in the recycling process, so that the difficulty of process control, system sealing and system corrosion prevention is high, and the hydrogen chloride protective gas is difficult to recycle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration, which aims to solve the problems of hydrogen chloride gas recycling.
The invention provides a cyclic utilization process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration, which comprises the following steps: dust washing, one-step dewatering, two-step dewatering, three-step dewatering and pressurizing and heating;
step one, dust washing: tail gas from the bischofite dehydration dryer contains high-concentration hydrogen chloride, magnesium chloride dust, water vapor and inert substances, and the tail gas just coming out is high-temperature gas, so that the tail gas is cooled firstly, and the tail gas passes through a precooler at the top of a spraying washing tower to cool the tail gas at the temperature of about 180-200 ℃ to 70-80 ℃; the cooled tail gas enters a packed tower and is in equidirectional contact with the circulating spray liquid, and magnesium chloride dust in the tail gas is dissolved in the circulating liquid, so that the magnesium chloride dust in the gas is dissolved in a liquid phase; magnesium chloride is dissolved into a liquid phase, and a large amount of heat needs to be released, so that circulating spray liquid is cooled by a cooler and is circulated into a spray washing tower through a pump; the hydrogen chloride tail gas after dust purification needs to be removed from small liquid drops existing in a gas phase through a demister 1 due to the unavoidable gas-liquid entrainment phenomenon;
step two, one-step water removal: the water content in the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the dust is cooled and washed is increased again, the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the first step enters the condensation tower 1 from the bottom, and the hydrogen chloride tail gas is subjected to mass transfer and heat transfer with circulating spray liquid entering the top of the condensation tower, so that the hydrogen chloride tail gas containing water of about 1.88% at 40 ℃ is finally formed and discharged from the condensation tower, the temperature of the heat absorbed by the spray liquid is increased, and the spray liquid is cooled by a cooler and then is circulated to the condensation tower 1 through a pump;
step three, water removal in the second step: the hydrogen chloride tail gas subjected to the one-step water removal enters the condensation tower 2 from the bottom, and is subjected to mass transfer and heat transfer with the circulating spray liquid from the top of the tower to finally form hydrogen chloride gas with water content of 0.52% at 16 ℃ and then flows out of the tower, the temperature of the heat absorbed by the spray liquid is increased, and the spray liquid is cooled by a cooler and then is circulated into the condensation tower 2 by a pump;
step four, three steps of dewatering: the small drops condensed in the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the two-step dehydration adopt a demister 2 and a demister 3, the drops larger than or equal to 3 mu m are all captured, and more than 99% of the drops larger than or equal to 1 mu m are all captured;
step five, pressurizing and heating: in order to avoid impeller corrosion caused by liquid drops generated in the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering and purification in the compression process of a compressor, the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering needs to be heated by a heater to be superheated gas at 350-360 ℃, the superheated gas is conveyed to the compressor through a fan, the pressure of the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering and superheating is increased, and the hydrogen chloride circulating gas is returned to a bischofite dehydration dryer for recycling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the bischofite dehydration process, hydrogen chloride gas is used as protective gas, and the process can be recycled, thereby avoiding environmental pollution caused by discharge, greatly improving the utilization rate of the hydrogen chloride gas, reducing the cost of bischofite dehydration, avoiding discharge pollution and improving the use efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the process steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a bischofite dehydration dryer 2, a spray washing tower 3, demisters 1 and 4, condensing towers 1 and 5, condensing towers 2 and 6, demisters 2 and 7, demisters 3 and 8, a compressor 9, a heater 10, a fan 11, a pump 12 and a cooler.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a process for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, comprising: dust washing, one-step dewatering, two-step dewatering, three-step dewatering and pressurizing and heating;
step one, dust washing: the tail gas from the bischofite dehydration dryer (1) contains high-concentration hydrogen chloride, magnesium chloride dust, water vapor and inert substances, and the tail gas just coming out is high-temperature gas, so that the tail gas is firstly cooled, and the tail gas passes through a precooler at the top of the spray washing tower (2) to cool the tail gas at the temperature of about 180-200 ℃ to 70-80 ℃; the cooled tail gas enters a packed tower of a spray washing tower (2) and is in equidirectional contact with circulating spray liquid, and magnesium chloride dust in the tail gas is dissolved in the circulating liquid, so that the magnesium chloride dust in the gas is dissolved in a liquid phase; magnesium chloride is dissolved into a liquid phase, a large amount of heat needs to be released, so that the circulating spray liquid is cooled by a cooler (12) and circulated into the spray washing tower (2) through a pump (11); the hydrogen chloride tail gas after dust purification needs to be removed from small liquid drops existing in a gas phase through a demister 1(3) due to the unavoidable gas-liquid entrainment phenomenon;
step two, one-step water removal: the water content in the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the dust is cooled and washed is increased again, the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the first step enters a condensation tower 1(4) from the bottom, and is subjected to mass transfer and heat transfer with circulating spray liquid entering from the top of the tower, so that the hydrogen chloride tail gas with the water content of about 1.88% at 40 ℃ is finally formed and discharged from the tower, the temperature of the spray liquid is increased after absorbing heat, and the spray liquid is cooled by a cooler and then is circulated to the condensation tower 1(4) through a pump;
step three, water removal in the second step: hydrogen chloride tail gas subjected to one-step water removal enters a condensation tower 2(5) from the bottom, and is subjected to mass transfer and heat transfer with circulating spray liquid entering from the top of the tower, finally hydrogen chloride gas with water content of 0.52% at 16 ℃ is formed and is discharged out of the tower, the temperature of the spray liquid is increased after absorbing heat, and the spray liquid is cooled by a cooler and then is circulated into the condensation tower 2(5) by a pump;
step four, three steps of dewatering: small drops condensed in the hydrogen chloride tail gas subjected to the two-step dehydration are captured by a demister 2(6) and a demister 3(7), all drops larger than or equal to 3 mu m are captured, and more than 99% of drops larger than or equal to 1 mu m are captured;
step five, pressurizing and heating: in order to avoid impeller corrosion caused by liquid drops generated in the compression process of a compressor by the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering and purification, the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering needs to be heated by a heater (9) to be overheated gas at 350-360 ℃, the overheated gas is conveyed to the compressor (8) through a fan (10), the pressure of the hydrogen chloride circulating gas after three-step dewatering and overheating is increased, and the hydrogen chloride circulating gas returns to a bischofite dehydration dryer (1) for recycling.
Claims (8)
1. A cyclic utilization process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps: dust washing, one-step dewatering, two-step dewatering, three-step dewatering and pressurizing and heating;
step 1, dust washing: tail gas containing high-concentration hydrogen chloride, magnesium chloride dust, water vapor and inert substances from a bischofite dehydration dryer is firstly cooled in a precooler at the top of a spray washing tower; the cooled gas enters a packed tower in the middle of a spray washing tower and contacts with the circulating spray liquid in the same direction, and magnesium chloride dust in the tail gas is dissolved in the circulating liquid; removing small water vapor droplets in a gas phase from the hydrogen chloride tail gas after dust purification through a demister 1;
step 2, one-step dewatering: the hydrogen chloride tail gas after dust washing passes through a condensing tower 1, and part of water vapor is removed;
step 3, removing water in the second step: the hydrogen chloride tail gas subjected to one-step water removal passes through a condensing tower 2 to remove most of water vapor; (ii) a
Step 4, dewatering in three steps: removing liquid drops in the hydrogen chloride tail gas after the two-step water removal through a demister 2 and a demister 3;
step 5, pressurizing and heating: and heating the hydrogen chloride tail gas subjected to water removal in the three steps to the temperature required by the process through a heater 2, increasing the pressure of the hydrogen chloride tail gas to a compressor through a fan, and returning the hydrogen chloride tail gas to the bischofite dehydration dryer after pressure increase.
2. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: and cooling the hydrogen chloride tail gas from the spray washing tower to 70-80 ℃.
3. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: the one-step water removal uses chilled water as a cold medium to remove 70% of water vapor.
4. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: the two-step water removal removes 90% of the water vapor.
5. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, which comprises the following steps: the demister 2 and the atomizer 3 in the three-step water removal completely capture and remove the liquid drops with the diameter of more than or equal to 3 mu m in the hydrogen chloride tail gas, and more than 99 percent of the liquid drops with the diameter of more than or equal to 1 mu m are completely captured and removed.
6. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: and the temperature is increased to 350-360 ℃ by the aid of a heater during pressurization and temperature rise.
7. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: and the spray liquid in the spray washing tower is cooled by a condenser and then is circulated into the spray washing tower by a pump.
8. The process of claim 1 for recycling hydrogen chloride gas in dehydration of bischofite, wherein: and the condensate in the condensing tower 1 and the condensing tower 2 is cooled by a cooler and then is circulated to the condensing tower 1 and the condensing tower 2 by a pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210775953.XA CN115090081A (en) | 2022-07-02 | 2022-07-02 | Recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210775953.XA CN115090081A (en) | 2022-07-02 | 2022-07-02 | Recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration |
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| CN115090081A true CN115090081A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
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| CN202210775953.XA Pending CN115090081A (en) | 2022-07-02 | 2022-07-02 | Recycling process of hydrogen chloride gas in bischofite dehydration |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002012411A (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2002-01-15 | Tokuyama Corp | Recovering method for hydrogen chloride gas |
| CN107998825A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-08 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | The purifier and purification technique of a kind of HCl tail gas |
| CN212740738U (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-03-19 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Recycling system of protective gas for drying and dehydration |
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2022
- 2022-07-02 CN CN202210775953.XA patent/CN115090081A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002012411A (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2002-01-15 | Tokuyama Corp | Recovering method for hydrogen chloride gas |
| CN107998825A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-08 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | The purifier and purification technique of a kind of HCl tail gas |
| CN212740738U (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-03-19 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Recycling system of protective gas for drying and dehydration |
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