CN115087040A - External field embedded test data chain transmission method based on ISM - Google Patents
External field embedded test data chain transmission method based on ISM Download PDFInfo
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- CN115087040A CN115087040A CN202210854163.0A CN202210854163A CN115087040A CN 115087040 A CN115087040 A CN 115087040A CN 202210854163 A CN202210854163 A CN 202210854163A CN 115087040 A CN115087040 A CN 115087040A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
- H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/10—Integrity
- H04W12/106—Packet or message integrity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
Abstract
The invention provides an ISM-based external field embedded test data chain transmission method, which is characterized in that data transceiving between stations is abstracted to superposition of three communication data layers, namely an application layer, a transmission layer and a link layer from top to bottom based on a wireless data transmission network between external field devices, the application layer provides data which needs to be transmitted actually, the data communication layer positioned at the lower layer encapsulates the data at the upper layer and adds the head of the layer at the front end to form encapsulated data consisting of the head of the link layer, the head of the transmission layer and a data frame, and finally the encapsulated data transceiving between the stations is completed through an ISM antenna. The invention completes the receiving and sending of the final data through the encapsulation of the communication layer, ensures that the data can be safely and completely transmitted, increases the stability of signal transmission, and simultaneously introduces a polling network access mechanism, thereby avoiding the condition that the communication link is disordered and further causes packet loss when a plurality of stations have data to be transmitted simultaneously, and further ensuring the error rate of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to an external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on an ISM (industrial scientific medical).
Background
The ISM frequency band is defined by the International Union of telecommunication organization, and belongs to an unlicensed communication frequency band, the existing European standard frequency band, the American standard frequency band, a frequency band shared by the world and the like, wireless equipment can freely use the frequency band only by meeting the requirements of the aspects of transmitting power, antenna gain and the like, and the ISM frequency band is widely applied to short-distance wireless communication.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of easy interference, poor stability and high error rate of wireless data transmission communication among field devices in the prior art, the external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on ISM is provided, a plurality of data links are formed among different stations, the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured during external field wireless communication, and the application range is wide.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on ISM is characterized in that data transceiving between sites is abstracted to superposition of three communication data layers, namely an application layer, a transmission layer and a link layer from top to bottom based on a wireless data transmission network between external field devices, the application layer provides data which need to be transmitted actually, the data communication layer positioned at the lower layer encapsulates the data of the upper layer and adds the head of the layer at the front end to form encapsulated data consisting of the head of the link layer, the head of the transmission layer and a data frame, and finally the encapsulated data transceiving between the sites is completed through ISM antennas.
Furthermore, the transmission layer splits the data provided by the application layer into data frames with the length not more than 50 bytes and delivers the data frames to the link layer, and combines the data frames reported by the link layer into a complete data packet and delivers the data packet to the application layer.
Further, when the length of the data provided by the application layer is greater than 50 bytes, the data is split into a plurality of data frames by using the length of 50 bytes, the frame sequence numbers of 0, 1 and 2 … are sequentially filled, the frame type is a data frame, and the frame marks of the rest of the data frames are intermediate frames except that the frame mark of the last data frame is an end frame;
when the transmission layer receives the data frame, the data frame is buffered from the frame serial number of 0, and when the received frame mark is the end frame, the data frames buffered before are combined into a complete data packet according to the sequence and delivered to the application layer.
Further, the transport layer provides a timeout retransmission mechanism to ensure reliable transmission of data frames.
Further, the overtime retransmission mechanism is that the sending end sends the next frame data after receiving the response data of the receiving end, and sends the current frame data again if the response data is not received after more than 2 seconds; if the response data is not received after the accumulative retransmission is carried out twice, the data transmission failure is indicated;
after receiving the data frame, the receiving end transmits response data back to the transmitting end; when the receiving end does not receive the data frame with the frame mark as the end frame, the maximum time interval for receiving every two frames is 6 seconds, if the maximum time interval exceeds 6 seconds, the receiving is judged to be overtime, and the data receiving fails;
the response data frame type is a response frame and comprises a frame sequence number corresponding to the received data frame.
Further, the link layer works under a polling protocol, and the master station performs polling control on the slave stations, so that only one station in the network transmits data and the other stations receive the data in a transmission period; the master station automatically inquires all the slave stations according to the protocol, and the inquired slave stations send self data after acquiring the transmission time, wherein the master station and the slave stations are set in advance according to requirements.
Further, the master station inquires the slave stations of the network one by one according to a platform network address sequence in a network member information table established in advance; the slave station receives the master station message, analyzes the link layer head, the transmission layer head and the message text and generates response data; and the master station starts timing after sending the inquiry message packet, and if valid response data of the slave station is not received within T time, abandoning the call to the station, and starting the call to the next slave station or executing the next instruction.
Furthermore, the master station names the slave stations at fixed time, and the slave stations can only send data to the outside when receiving the master station names.
Further, the data transmitted by the application layer includes control parameters and voice sampling data, wherein a compressed voice algorithm is adopted at the transmitting end to reduce the data transmission amount of voice data, and a compression algorithm is adopted at the receiving end to restore the voice data.
Furthermore, the ISM antenna adopts an omnidirectional antenna with a foldable structure, and the working frequency band is 450-500 MHz.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
(1) the frequency range adopted by the invention is 450-500MHz, which is different from the 2.4GHz frequency range and the American European standard which are universally used in the world, and simultaneously, the frequency range of the outfield UV communication is avoided, the signal transmission of the frequency range is stable, and the frequency point can be dynamically set, so that the signal aliasing interference during the wireless communication can be effectively reduced; meanwhile, the transmitting power of the stations is high, the communication distance can reach 100m furthest, the formed space range can meet the communication between the stations of different work in an external field, and the use scene is not limited.
(2) The invention abstracts the transceiving of data among different stations into the vertical superposition of a plurality of data communication layers, completes the transceiving of final data by the encapsulation of the communication layers, and also adds encryption and decryption processes at a transmitting end and a receiving end to ensure that the data can be transmitted safely and completely, increase the stability of signal transmission, and simultaneously introduces a polling network access mechanism.
(3) The actual data in the application layer of the invention not only comprises control parameters, but also comprises voice data, wherein the control parameters can also transmit large files stored in the station, in addition, the wireless communication such as walkie-talkie adopted between the traditional point and the point only comprises one voice data, and the transmission method of the invention can simultaneously receive and transmit the control parameters and the voice data by channels on the same transmission link, and operators of a plurality of stations can communicate with each other in real time through the voice data, thereby completing the issuing or communication of the parameters by the invention to complete other external field real-time working conditions, and saving material and time costs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic data layered transceiving diagram of a method for transmitting an external field embedded test data chain based on ISM at the time of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polling network structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a polling protocol process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating exception handling in a polling protocol processing flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of a single net according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
In order to solve the problems that wireless data transmission communication between external field devices is easily interfered, and has poor stability and a high error rate, the embodiment provides an external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on an ISM, multiple data links are formed between different external field device stations, and the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured during external field wireless communication. The specific scheme is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, an external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on an ISM is disclosed, wherein data transceiving between stations is abstracted to superposition of three communication data layers, namely an application layer, a transmission layer and a link layer from top to bottom based on a wireless data transmission network between external field devices, the application layer provides data which needs to be transmitted actually, the data communication layer positioned at the lower layer encapsulates the data of the upper layer and adds the head of the layer at the front end to form encapsulated data consisting of the head of the link layer, the head of the transmission layer and a data frame, and finally the encapsulated data transceiving between stations is completed through an ISM antenna.
Specifically, during sending, data provided by the application layer is split by the transmission layer, is packaged by the head of the application layer, and then is transmitted to the link layer, and is sent after being packaged by the link layer and the head of the application layer; when receiving, the transmission layer combines the data frames belonging to the same data packet received by the link layer into a complete data packet and transmits the complete data packet to the application layer.
Further, the transmission layer splits the data provided by the application layer into data frames with the length not greater than 50 bytes and delivers the data frames to the link layer.
In this embodiment, a further data transceiving process is provided:
when the length of the data provided by the application layer is more than 50 bytes, taking the data with the length of 50 bytes as a data frame to split the provided data into a plurality of data frames, filling in frame serial numbers of 0, 1 and 2 … in sequence, wherein the frame type is a data frame, and the frame marks of the rest data frames are intermediate frames except that the frame mark of the last data frame is an end frame;
when the transmission layer receives the data frame, the data frame is buffered from the frame serial number 0, and when the received frame mark is the end frame, the previously buffered data frames are combined into a complete data packet according to the sequence and delivered to the application layer.
The link layer works under a polling protocol, and the master station performs polling control on the slave stations to ensure that only one station in the network transmits data and the other stations receive the data in one transmission period; the master station automatically inquires all the slave stations according to the protocol, and the inquired slave stations send own data after acquiring the transmission time. In this embodiment, stations as the master station and the slave station can be selectively set as needed.
To ensure reliable transmission of data frames, the present embodiment provides a timeout retransmission mechanism:
the sending end sends next frame data after receiving the response data of the receiving end, and sends the current frame data again if the response data is not received after more than 2 seconds; if the response data is not received after the accumulative retransmission is carried out twice, the data transmission failure is indicated;
after receiving the data frame, the receiving end transmits response data back to the transmitting end; when the receiving end does not receive the data frame with the frame mark as the end frame, the maximum time interval for receiving every two frames is 6 seconds (the reason is that the sending end sends the same packet data for at most 3 times and the interval is 2 seconds every time), if the data exceeds 6 seconds, the receiving is judged to be overtime, and the data receiving fails;
the type of the response data frame is a response frame and comprises a frame sequence number corresponding to the received data frame.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate use and carrying, the ISM antenna adopts a foldable omnidirectional antenna, which is convenient for rapid communication test, the working frequency band of the ISM antenna is 450-500MHz, which is the same as the global universal 2.4GHz frequency band and the american and european standard, and meanwhile, the frequency band of outfield UV communication is also avoided, the signal transmission of the frequency band is stable, and the frequency points can be dynamically set, which can effectively reduce the signal aliasing interference during wireless communication, the communication distance can be up to 100 meters farthest, and the maximum transmitting power of a single station can be up to 27 dBm.
In addition, the wireless communication such as walkie-talkie used between the traditional point and the point only comprises one voice data, in the embodiment, the control parameters and the voice data can be simultaneously transmitted and received by channels on the same transmission link, and operators of a plurality of points can communicate the communication condition in real time through the voice data, and the invention completes the issuing or communication of the parameters to complete other external field real-time working conditions, thereby saving material and time costs.
In order to reduce the transmission data volume of voice data, a compression speech algorithm is adopted at a sending end to compress the voice data, a decompression algorithm is adopted at a receiving end to restore the voice data, and operators at two ends of a station can confirm the transmission state of control parameters in real time by means of the transmission of the voice data.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the embodiment, the polling control in the communication network is mainly implemented by the link layer header, and the specific process is as follows:
when the master station inquires the slave stations, the master station selects the slave stations to be inquired by sequential polling, namely, the master station inquires the slave stations in the network one by one according to the platform network address sequence in the network member information table; the network member information table is created by the master station in advance, the table contains the serial numbers and platform addresses of the slave stations, and if a newly added slave station member exists, the corresponding parameters of the network member information table are set according to the contents in the table.
And the slave station receives the master station message, analyzes the link layer header, the transmission layer header and the message text, and generates a link layer response message according to the actual situation.
As shown in fig. 4, in the polling control process, a corresponding exception handling method is also provided, that is, the primary station counts time from the end of sending the inquiry message packet, and if no valid response of the secondary station is received within T time, the primary station abandons the call to the station, and starts the call to the next secondary station or executes the next instruction.
As shown in fig. 5, in the normal processing flow of the polling protocol, the master station and the slave station form an access network, and the data transceiving process between the master station and the slave station in the cycle period of the single network is as follows:
the master station names the slave station in a fixed time, if no application layer data is transmitted, the master station adopts a null packet roll name (the length of the application layer data is 0), and if the application layer data is transmitted, the master station fills data into the application layer data segment of frame data to be transmitted; the slave station can send data to the outside only when receiving the name of the master station. If no application layer data is transmitted, adopting a null packet response (the length of the application layer data is 0), and if the application layer data is transmitted, filling the application layer data into the application layer data segment of the response frame.
In a preferred embodiment, the bottom layer drivers of the sending end and the receiving end are provided with data encryption and decryption algorithms to ensure that the superimposed data layers are encrypted during sending and decrypted at the receiving end after wireless space transmission, thereby ensuring the security of data transmission.
The invention completes the receiving and sending of the final data through the packaging of the communication layer, ensures that the data can be safely and completely transmitted, increases the stability of signal transmission, simultaneously introduces a polling network access mechanism, and only one station can transmit the data at the same time under the condition that a plurality of stations exist, thereby avoiding the condition of packet loss caused by communication link confusion caused by simultaneous data transmission when a plurality of stations have data to transmit, and further ensuring the error rate of data transmission.
It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are used for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The external field embedded test data chain transmission method based on the ISM is characterized in that data transceiving between sites is abstracted to superposition of three communication data layers, namely an application layer, a transmission layer and a link layer from top to bottom based on a wireless data transmission network between external field devices, the application layer provides data which need to be transmitted actually, the data communication layer positioned at the lower layer encapsulates the data of the upper layer and adds the head of the layer at the front end to form encapsulated data consisting of the head of the link layer, the head of the transmission layer and a data frame, and finally the encapsulated data transceiving between the sites is completed through the ISM antenna.
2. The ISM-based transmission method for the external field embedded test data chain according to claim 1, wherein the transmission layer splits data provided by the application layer into data frames with a length of not more than 50 bytes and delivers the data frames to the link layer, and combines the data frames reported by the link layer into a complete data packet and delivers the data packet to the application layer.
3. The ISM-based external field embedded test data chain transmission method according to claim 2, wherein when the data length provided by the application layer is greater than 50 bytes, the data is split into a plurality of data frames with the length of 50 bytes, and frame sequence numbers of 0, 1 and 2 … are sequentially filled in, the frame type is a data frame, and the frame flags of the remaining data frames are intermediate frames except that the frame flag of the last data frame is an end frame;
when the transmission layer receives the data frame, the data frame is buffered from the frame serial number of 0, and when the received frame mark is the end frame, the data frames buffered before are combined into a complete data packet according to the sequence and delivered to the application layer.
4. The ISM-based outfield embedded test data chain transmission method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the transport layer provides a timeout retransmission mechanism to ensure reliable transmission of data frames.
5. The ISM-based transmission method for the external field embedded test data chain according to claim 4, wherein the timeout retransmission mechanism is that the transmitting end transmits the next frame data after receiving the response data of the receiving end, and transmits the current frame data again if the response data is not received after more than 2 seconds; if the response data is not received after the accumulative retransmission is carried out twice, the data transmission failure is indicated;
after receiving the data frame, the receiving end returns response data to the sending end; when the receiving end does not receive the data frame with the frame mark as the end frame, the maximum time interval for receiving every two frames is 6 seconds, if the maximum time interval exceeds 6 seconds, the receiving is judged to be overtime, and the data receiving fails;
the type of the response data frame is a response frame and comprises a frame sequence number corresponding to the received data frame.
6. The ISM-based outfield embedded test data chain transmission method of claim 1, wherein the link layer operates under a polling protocol, and the master station performs polling control on the slave stations to ensure that only one station in the network is transmitting data and the rest stations receive data in one transmission period.
7. The ISM-based external field embedded test data chain transmission method of claim 6, wherein the polling control procedure is: the master station inquires the slave stations of the network one by one according to the sequence of the platform network addresses in the network member information table established in advance; the slave station receives the master station message, analyzes the link layer head, the transmission layer head and the message text and generates response data; and the master station starts timing after sending the inquiry message packet, and if valid response data of the slave station is not received within T time, abandoning the call to the station, and starting the call to the next slave station or executing the next instruction.
8. The ISM-based outfield embedded test data chain transmission method of claim 1, wherein the master station names the slave stations at a fixed time, and the slave stations can transmit data to the outside only when receiving the master station name.
9. The ISM-based external field embedded test data chain transmission method of claim 1, wherein the data transmitted by the application layer comprises control parameters and voice sample data, wherein a compressed voice algorithm is used at a transmitting end to reduce the amount of data transmitted by voice data, and a compression algorithm is used at a receiving end to restore the voice data.
10. The ISM-based transmission method for external field embedded test data chains according to claim 1, wherein the ISM antenna employs an omni-directional antenna with a foldable structure, and the operating frequency range is 450-500 MHz.
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