CN115084696A - Repairing agent and repairing method for regeneration and repair of recycled graphite anode material - Google Patents

Repairing agent and repairing method for regeneration and repair of recycled graphite anode material Download PDF

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CN115084696A
CN115084696A CN202110273127.0A CN202110273127A CN115084696A CN 115084696 A CN115084696 A CN 115084696A CN 202110273127 A CN202110273127 A CN 202110273127A CN 115084696 A CN115084696 A CN 115084696A
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repairing agent
graphite
repairing
agent
powder
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石磊
邵浩明
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Hunan Shinzoom Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4242Regeneration of electrolyte or reactants

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Abstract

The invention discloses a repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite cathode material, which consists of a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent, wherein the surface repairing agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, starch, polyoxyethylene and polyacrylic acid, the structure repairing agent is ferrocene or ferric citrate, and the solvent is distilled water. When the repairing agent is used, the repairing agent is added into the copper-removed graphite powder, kneading is carried out, and then the kneaded powder is placed into a graphitization furnace for graphitization treatment, so that the repaired graphite cathode material is obtained. The graphite cathode material repaired by the repairing agent has the graphite degree range less than or equal to 2 percent and the specific surface area range less than or equal to 0.3m 2 /g。

Description

Repairing agent and repairing method for regeneration and repair of recycled graphite negative electrode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structure repairing and surface repairing technology for recycling battery materials, in particular to a repairing agent and a repairing method for recycling a graphite cathode material of a lithium ion battery.
Background
With the wide use of lithium ion batteries in the fields of digital products, power automobiles, electric tools, energy storage and the like, the use amount of the lithium ion batteries is increased sharply, so that a large number of unqualified negative electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces of scrapped lithium ion batteries are generated, and how to effectively recycle the negative electrode materials is a matter which needs to be carefully considered by people.
A large number of documents and patents report the recovery and regeneration of graphite cathodes, and the main process route is as follows: recovering, classifying, removing copper by liquid phase, drying, heat treating, sieving and removing magnetism. The unqualified negative pole piece is not contacted with electrolyte and is not subjected to electrochemical reaction, the process can be completely carried out, and homogenization of the negative pole can be realized through early negative pole classification and later heat treatment. However, for graphite cathodes in decommissioned recycled lithium ion batteries that have undergone different degrees of electrochemical cycling, the regenerated graphite obtained by the above method is difficult to homogenize, mainly because the battery usage process is very complicated, the influence on the cathode structure is very different, and the homogenization is difficult to achieve by heat treatment alone.
Based on the above, a repairing agent capable of promoting the regeneration of the graphite cathode material recovered from the retired lithium ion battery is developed, and the graphite cathode with more uniform performance can be obtained by adding the repairing agent in the heat treatment process of graphite recovery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a repairing agent and a repairing method for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite negative electrode material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the repairing agent for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite cathode material is characterized by comprising a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1 (10-20).
Preferably, the surface repairing agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, starch, polyoxyethylene and polyacrylic acid, and the structure repairing agent is ferrocene or ferric citrate.
Preferably, the solvent is distilled water, and the solid content of the repairing agent is 5-10%.
A restoration method for restoration and restoration of a recycled graphite anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding a surface repairing agent and a structure repairing agent into a solvent, uniformly stirring, and preparing a repairing agent with solid content of 5-10% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: adding a repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading to obtain kneaded powder;
b4, heat treatment: and (3) placing the kneaded powder into a graphitization furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3000-3300 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 60-90h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite cathode material.
Preferably, in the step B1, the recovered waste graphite negative electrode powder is artificial graphite negative electrode powder with a particle size range of less than or equal to 2 μm, the artificial graphite negative electrode powder does not contain silicon-based and natural graphite components, but may contain an additive a introduced during manufacturing of electrode sheets such as SBR, a conductive agent and CMC, the content of the additive a is less than or equal to 4%, and may contain an SEI film component B formed by an electrochemical reaction of graphite, the content of B is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the ash content is less than or equal to 2%; the liquid phase copper removal is completed by an acid washing process, the acid is a mixed acid of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 20% and nitric acid with the concentration of 35% according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the acid washing temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the time is 6-10 hours; the copper content of the copper-removed graphite powder is less than or equal to 3000 ppm.
Preferably, in step B2, the surface repair agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, starch, polyoxyethylene, and polyacrylic acid, the structure repair agent is ferrocene or ferric citrate, and the solvent is distilled water.
Preferably, in the step B2, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1 (10-20).
Preferably, in the step B3, the repairing agent is added into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading is performed at room temperature, wherein the kneading speed is 10-50rpm, and the kneading time is 2-5h, so as to obtain kneaded powder.
Preferably, in the step B4, the kneaded material is placed in an acheson furnace for graphitization, and the graphitization temperature is 3200 ℃.
The invention has the following technical effects:
decommissioning of the graphite after electrochemical cycling, through conventional processesThe invention provides a repairing agent and a repairing method, wherein the repairing agent is added in the heat treatment process of a graphite recovery process, so that the difference of microstructures of retired recovered graphite from different sources can be reduced, the graphitization degree range of the regenerated graphite is less than or equal to 2%, and the specific surface area range is less than or equal to 0.3m 2 (ii) in terms of/g. The invention solves the problem of difficult homogenization of the existing graphite cathode recycling and regenerating process, and realizes the structural repair and surface repair homogenization of the regenerated graphite.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The copper-removed graphite powder in the following examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples is the copper-removed graphite powder which is subjected to pretreatment by Tianjin one graphite cathode recycling enterprise: the copper-removed graphite powder is provided by Tianjin graphite cathode recycling enterprises, D50 is 8 +/-1 mu m, the content of the additive A is 3.5%, the content of the additive B is 139ppm (calculated by the content of lithium ions), and the ash content is 1.92%. The heat treatment is finished in a graphitizing enterprise in inner Mongolia.
Example 1
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:10, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 5%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:10, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with the solid content of 5% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 15rpm for 5 hours to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) putting the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3000-3300 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 70h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite cathode material.
Example 2
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:10, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repair agent was 7%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:10, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with the solid content of 10% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at a kneading speed of 10rpm for 2h to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) putting the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3200 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 60 hours, so as to obtain the repaired graphite cathode material.
Example 3
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:10, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 10%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:10, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with the solid content of 10% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 30rpm for 3 hours to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) putting the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3300 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 70h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite negative electrode material.
Example 4
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:15, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 5%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:15, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with the solid content of 5% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 50rpm for 5 hours to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) putting the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3000 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 90 hours, so as to obtain the repaired graphite negative electrode material.
Example 5
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:20, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 8%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:20, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with the solid content of 8% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 10rpm for 4 hours to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) putting the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3100 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 80h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite negative electrode material.
Example 6
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:17, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 6%.
The repairing method of the repairing agent comprises the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding polyvinyl alcohol and ferric citrate into a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric citrate to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:17, the solvent is distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a repairing agent with solid content of 6% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: and D, adding the repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 30rpm for 3 hours to obtain kneaded powder.
B4, heat treatment: and (3) placing the kneaded powder into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3000 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 70h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite cathode material.
Example 7
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is cyclodextrin, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:10, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 5%.
The repair method was the same as in example 6.
Example 8
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is starch, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:13, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 8%.
The repair method was the same as in example 6.
Example 9
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyoxyethylene, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:12, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repair agent was 7%.
The repair method was the same as in example 6.
Example 10
A repairing agent for regeneration and repair of a recycled graphite anode material comprises a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent. The surface repairing agent is polyacrylic acid, the structure repairing agent is ferric citrate, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1:10, and the solvent is distilled water; the solid content of the repairing agent is 5%.
The repair method was the same as in example 6.
Comparative example
Directly graphitizing the decoppered graphite powder, sieving, demagnetizing and packaging.
In the above examples and comparative examples, 4 parallel samples were selected from the final regenerated graphite respectively for testing, and the results were as follows:
Figure 363378DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
from the above table, it can be seen that: the repair agent is added in the regeneration process of the graphite cathode, so that the performance uniformity of the material can be reduced, and the performance uniformity is mainly represented by graphitization degree (structural repair homogenization) and specific surface area (surface repair homogenization).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various improvements and modifications within the structure and principle of the present invention can be realized by those skilled in the art, and the protection scope of the present invention should be considered.

Claims (10)

1. The repairing agent for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite anode material is characterized by consisting of a surface repairing agent, a structure repairing agent and a solvent.
2. The repairing agent for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1 (10-20).
3. The repairing agent for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface repairing agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, starch, polyoxyethylene and polyacrylic acid, and the structure repairing agent is ferrocene or ferric citrate.
4. The repairing agent for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solvent is distilled water, and the solid content of the repairing agent is 5-10%.
5. A restoration method for restoration and restoration of a recycled graphite anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
b1, pretreatment: manually collecting, classifying, removing copper in a liquid phase and drying the recovered waste graphite cathode powder to obtain copper-removed graphite powder;
b2, preparing a repairing agent: adding a surface repairing agent and a structure repairing agent into a solvent, uniformly stirring, and preparing a repairing agent with solid content of 5-10% for later use;
b3, adding a repairing agent: adding a repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading to obtain kneaded powder;
b4, heat treatment: and (3) placing the kneaded powder into a graphitization furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3000-3300 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 60-90h, so as to obtain the repaired graphite cathode material.
6. The method for repairing the recycled graphite anode material in a regeneration mode according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B1, the recovered waste graphite negative electrode powder is artificial graphite negative electrode powder with the granularity range less than or equal to 2 μm, and the artificial graphite negative electrode powder does not contain silicon-based and natural graphite components; the liquid phase copper removal is completed by an acid washing process, the acid is a mixed acid of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 20% and nitric acid with the concentration of 35% according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the acid washing temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the time is 6-10 hours; the copper content of the copper-removed graphite powder is less than or equal to 3000 ppm.
7. The repairing method for the regeneration and repair of the recycled graphite anode material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the repairing method comprises the following steps: in the step B2, the surface repair agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, starch, polyoxyethylene, and polyacrylic acid, the structure repair agent is ferrocene or ferric citrate, and the solvent is distilled water.
8. The method for repairing the recycled graphite anode material in a regeneration mode according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B2, the mass ratio of the structure repairing agent to the surface repairing agent is 1 (10-20).
9. The method for repairing the recycled graphite anode material in a regeneration mode according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step B3, adding a repairing agent into the copper-removed graphite powder prepared in the step B1, and kneading at room temperature at the kneading speed of 10-50rpm for 2-5h to obtain kneaded powder.
10. The method for repairing the recycled graphite anode material in a regeneration mode according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B4, the kneaded material is placed into an Acheson furnace for graphitization treatment, wherein the graphitization temperature is 3200 ℃.
CN202110273127.0A 2021-03-13 2021-03-13 Repairing agent and repairing method for regeneration and repair of recycled graphite anode material Pending CN115084696A (en)

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