CN115084569A - Bipolar plate sealing structure and fuel cell - Google Patents
Bipolar plate sealing structure and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115084569A CN115084569A CN202210762817.7A CN202210762817A CN115084569A CN 115084569 A CN115084569 A CN 115084569A CN 202210762817 A CN202210762817 A CN 202210762817A CN 115084569 A CN115084569 A CN 115084569A
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- protrusion
- bipolar plate
- plate
- sealing structure
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001967 Metal rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
- H01M8/1006—Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar plate sealing structure and a fuel cell, wherein the bipolar plate sealing structure comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode frame, the membrane electrode frame is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, one of the anode plate or the cathode plate is of a planar structure, a first bulge is arranged on the planar structure along the circumferential direction of a cavity opening or a flow field area of the bipolar plate, a boss and second bulges which are respectively arranged on two sides of the boss and correspond to the first bulge are arranged on the end surface of the other of the anode plate or the cathode plate far away from one end of the membrane electrode frame along the circumferential direction of the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate, the shapes of the first bulge and the second bulge are the same, the bulge directions of the first bulge and the second bulge are the same, and the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate is arranged in a space surrounded by the boss, the first bulge and the second bulge. The bipolar plate sealing structure can reduce the shear stress between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame, avoid the separation of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame, reduce the shear stress and avoid the sealing failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate sealing structure and a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell bipolar plate seal generally adopts a metal-rubber composite sealing structure, which is mainly characterized in that a metal plate of the bipolar plate is stamped into an arch-shaped or trapezoid-shaped protruding structure, and then a sealing element is arranged on the arch-shaped or trapezoid-shaped protruding structure to enhance the sealing performance of a sealing surface.
After a plurality of bipolar plates are stacked, the sealing element can be stacked into a multilayer structure at the same vertical position, assembly force can be loaded in the process of galvanic pile assembly, the bipolar plates and all local structures of the bipolar plates can be compressed under the action of the assembly force, and after the sealing element is compressed, shear stress can occur between the bipolar plates and the frame of the membrane electrode due to the deformation of the sealing element, so that the bipolar plates and the frame of the membrane electrode are separated, and the sealing effect is invalid.
Therefore, how to provide a bipolar plate sealing structure which can effectively reduce the shear stress and avoid the sealing failure is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a bipolar plate sealing structure, which can effectively reduce shear stress and avoid sealing failure.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a bipolar plate sealing structure comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode frame, wherein the membrane electrode frame is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, one of the anode plate or the cathode plate is of a plane structure, and the planar structure is provided with a first bulge along the circumferential direction of the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate, a lug boss is arranged on the end surface of the other one of the anode plate or the cathode plate far away from one end of the membrane electrode frame along the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate, and second protrusions respectively arranged on two sides of the boss and corresponding to the first protrusions, wherein the first protrusions and the second protrusions have the same shape, the first bulge and the second bulge have the same bulge direction, and the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate is arranged in a space surrounded by the boss, the first bulge and the second bulge;
when a plurality of bipolar plates are assembled into a stack, the membrane electrode frame is arranged in a groove formed by the first bulges and the second bulges, the lower end surface of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the upper end surface of the first bulges, and the upper end surface of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the upper end surface of the second bulges, so that a medium flowing out of a cavity opening or a flow field area of each bipolar plate is prevented from flowing out of a gap between two adjacent bipolar plates.
Preferably, the cross section of the boss is a trapezoidal boss, or the cross section of the boss is a rectangular boss.
Preferably, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both semicircular structures.
Preferably, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both ladder-shaped structures.
Preferably, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both rectangular structures.
Preferably, the first protrusion and the second protrusion have the same protrusion direction as the protrusion direction of the boss.
Preferably, the first protrusion and the second protrusion have a protrusion direction opposite to that of the boss.
Preferably, the height of the first protrusion and the height of the second protrusion are both 20% to 80% of the height of the boss.
Preferably, the anode plate and the cathode plate have the same thickness, and the width of the first protrusion and the width of the second protrusion are both 5 times to 20 times of the thickness of the anode plate or the cathode plate.
A fuel cell comprising a bipolar plate sealing arrangement as claimed in any preceding claim.
According to the technical scheme, in the installation process of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, the membrane electrode frame is arranged in the groove formed by the first protrusion and the second protrusion, under the extrusion action of the first protrusion and the second protrusion, the lower end face of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the upper end face of the first protrusion, and the upper end face of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the lower end face of the second protrusion. Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate sealing structure disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the shear stress between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame and avoid the separation of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame, thereby reducing the shear stress and avoiding the sealing failure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which a boss is provided on an anode plate according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on an anode plate according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on the anode plate according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the anode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode according to the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which bosses are provided on a cathode plate according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the cathode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode assembly according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on an anode plate according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the anode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode according to a second embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which bosses are provided on a cathode plate according to a second embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate having a projection provided on a cathode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode assembly according to a second embodiment.
Wherein, each part name is as follows:
100 is an anode plate, 200 is a cathode plate, 300 is a membrane electrode frame, 400 is a boss, 500 is a first protrusion, and 600 is a second protrusion.
Detailed Description
In view of the above, the core of the present invention is to provide a bipolar plate sealing structure, which can effectively reduce shear stress and avoid sealing failure.
Another core of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell.
In order to make the technical field of the invention better understand, the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and please refer to fig. 1 to 10.
The bipolar plate sealing structure disclosed by the embodiment of the invention comprises an anode plate 100, a cathode plate 200 and a membrane electrode frame 300, wherein the membrane electrode frame 300 is disposed between the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200, one of the anode plate 100 or the cathode plate 200 is a planar structure, and the first protrusion 500 is arranged along the circumference of the cavity or the flow field area of the bipolar plate on the planar structure, the annular boss 400 is arranged along the circumference of the cavity or the flow field area of the bipolar plate on the end surface of one end of the anode plate 100 or the cathode plate 200 far away from the membrane electrode frame 300, and second protrusions 600 respectively provided at both sides of the boss 400 and provided corresponding to the first protrusions 500, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 have the same shape, the protrusion direction of the first protrusion 500 is the same as that of the second protrusion 600, and the cavity or the flow field area of the bipolar plate is arranged in a space surrounded by the annular protrusion 400, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600;
when a plurality of bipolar plates are assembled into a stack, the membrane electrode frame 300 is placed in a groove formed by the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600, the lower end surface of the membrane electrode frame 300 is in pressing contact with the upper end surface of the first protrusion 500, and the upper end surface of the membrane electrode frame 300 is in pressing contact with the lower end surface of the second protrusion 600, so that a medium flowing out of a cavity or a flow field area of the bipolar plate is prevented from flowing out of a gap between two adjacent bipolar plates.
In the process of mounting the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, the membrane electrode frame 300 is arranged in a groove formed by the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600, under the extrusion action of the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600, the lower end surface of the membrane electrode frame 300 is in extrusion contact with the upper end surface of the first protrusion 500, and the upper end surface of the membrane electrode frame 300 is in extrusion contact with the lower end surface of the second protrusion 600.
Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate sealing structure disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the shear stress between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame 300 and avoid the separation of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode frame 300, thereby reducing the shear stress and avoiding the sealing failure.
It should be noted that the upper end face of the membrane electrode frame 300 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the end face close to the boss 400, and the lower end face of the membrane electrode frame 300 refers to the end face far from the boss 500.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the boss 400, and the structure satisfying the use requirement of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the boss 400 disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is preferably a trapezoidal boss, or the cross section of the boss is preferably a rectangular boss.
More preferably, the cross-section of the boss 400 disclosed in the present embodiment is preferably a trapezoidal boss.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structures of the first bump 500 and the second bump 600, and any structure satisfying the use requirements of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to optimize the above embodiments, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are both semi-circular structures.
As another preferred embodiment, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the present embodiment are preferably in a ladder-shaped structure.
As another preferred embodiment, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the present embodiment are preferably rectangular structures.
Of course, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may also have a W-shaped or V-shaped structure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, as a first embodiment of the present invention, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention both have the same protrusion direction as the protrusion direction of the boss 400.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which a boss is provided on an anode plate according to a first embodiment; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on an anode plate according to a first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on the anode plate according to the first embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the anode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode according to the first embodiment; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which bosses are provided on a cathode plate according to the first embodiment; fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the cathode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode assembly according to the first embodiment.
Referring to fig. 7 to 10, as a second embodiment of the present invention, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention both protrude in the opposite direction to the direction of the protrusion of the boss 400.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a bipolar plate sealing structure with a boss on an anode plate according to a second embodiment; FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate with a boss on the anode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode according to a second embodiment; fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate sealing structure in which bosses are provided on a cathode plate according to a second embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate having a projection provided on a cathode plate and a frame of a membrane electrode assembly according to a second embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the height and width of the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600, and the structure satisfying the use requirement of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment, the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention have protrusion heights of 20% to 80% of the protrusion height of the boss 400.
The thicknesses of the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 are the same, and the widths of the first protrusion 500 and the second protrusion 600 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention are 5 to 20 times of the thickness of the anode plate 100 or the cathode plate 200.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a fuel cell which comprises the bipolar plate sealing structure disclosed by any one of the embodiments.
Because the fuel cell adopts the bipolar plate sealing structure disclosed by the embodiment, the fuel cell has the technical advantages of the bipolar plate sealing structure, and the embodiment of the invention is not repeated in detail.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A bipolar plate sealing structure is characterized by comprising an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode frame, the membrane electrode frame is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, one of the anode plate or the cathode plate is a plane structure, and the planar structure is provided with a first bulge along the circumferential direction of the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate, a lug boss is arranged on the end surface of the other one of the anode plate or the cathode plate far away from one end of the membrane electrode frame along the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate, and second protrusions respectively arranged on two sides of the boss and corresponding to the first protrusions, wherein the first protrusions and the second protrusions have the same shape, the first bulge and the second bulge have the same bulge direction, and the cavity opening or the flow field area of the bipolar plate is arranged in a space surrounded by the boss, the first bulge and the second bulge;
when a plurality of bipolar plates are assembled into a stack, the membrane electrode frame is arranged in a groove formed by the first bulges and the second bulges, the lower end surface of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the upper end surface of the first bulges, and the upper end surface of the membrane electrode frame is in compression contact with the upper end surface of the second bulges, so that a medium flowing out of a cavity opening or a flow field area of each bipolar plate is prevented from flowing out of a gap between two adjacent bipolar plates.
2. A bipolar plate sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein the boss has a trapezoidal shape in cross section or a rectangular shape in cross section.
3. The bipolar plate sealing structure of claim 1, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion are each a semi-circular structure.
4. A bipolar plate sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein said first projection and said second projection are each a trapezoidal structure.
5. A bipolar plate sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein said first projection and said second projection are each a rectangular-shaped structure.
6. The bipolar plate sealing structure of claim 1, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion each have a protrusion direction identical to a protrusion direction of the boss.
7. The bipolar plate sealing structure of claim 1, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion each protrude in a direction opposite to a direction in which the boss protrudes.
8. The bipolar plate sealing structure of claim 1, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion each have a protrusion height of 20% to 80% of the protrusion height of the boss.
9. A bipolar plate sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate and the cathode plate have the same thickness, and the width of the first projection and the width of the second projection are each 5 to 20 times the thickness of the anode plate or the cathode plate.
10. A fuel cell comprising the bipolar plate sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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CN202210762817.7A CN115084569B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Bipolar plate sealing structure and fuel cell |
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CN202210762817.7A CN115084569B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Bipolar plate sealing structure and fuel cell |
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