CN115079255A - Method, device and equipment for improving seismic data resolution and readable medium - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for improving seismic data resolution and readable medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a readable medium for improving seismic data resolution. The method comprises the following steps: intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window; converting the seismic data to be processed to a time-frequency domain; determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; determining a resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the seismic data are converted into the time-frequency domain by setting the time window and the time window increment and adopting the short-time Fourier transform, and the deconvolution factor is obtained and applied in the time-frequency domain, so that the resolution of the seismic data is improved, the resolution is improved more reasonably and closer to the actual situation, and the resolution of the seismic data is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a readable medium for improving seismic data resolution.
Background
Along with the progress of oil and gas exploration and development work, the targets of oil and gas exploration are more and more complex, which puts higher requirements on the exploration technical level, wherein, how to improve the resolution of seismic data becomes a core problem in oil and gas exploration.
The method for improving the resolution commonly used in seismic data processing at present is wavelet deconvolution, and the deconvolution factor is obtained and applied to improve the seismic data resolution by assuming the seismic phase wave as the minimum phase.
However, the setting of the seismic phase wave as the minimum phase is not satisfied in practical situations, and the result is limited by various factors, which affects the calculation result of the deconvolution factor and cannot effectively improve the resolution of the seismic data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a readable medium for improving the resolution of seismic data, which are used for effectively improving the resolution of the seismic data.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seismic data resolution improving method, including: intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window; converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain; determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; determining a resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors.
Optionally, determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed according to the time window and a preset time window increment, including:
s1: determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;
s2: determining a deconvolution factor for the target sub-time window;
s3: determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S4, and if so, ending the current process;
s4: and sequentially recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows, extending the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time-frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequential target sub-time windows, and executing S2.
Optionally, determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window includes: determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, wherein the expected amplitude spectrum is the amplitude spectrum of the expected seismic data to be processed after the resolution is improved; and determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.
Optionally, the desired amplitude spectrum is set by: determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is larger than the average amplitude spectrum; determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency for the initial desired amplitude spectrum; setting the desired amplitude spectrum according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.
Optionally, determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one deconvolution factor includes: sequentially executing the following steps for each target sub-time window: broadening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed in the current target sub-time window through the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window; and converting the seismic data to be processed into an original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform, improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed, and obtaining the seismic data with the improved resolution.
Optionally, intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window, including: determining a time interval of the original seismic data in a time domain; determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not larger than the size of the time window; and intercepting the seismic data to be processed in the effective time interval.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seismic data resolution improving apparatus, comprising: the seismic data acquisition unit is used for intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window; the seismic data conversion unit is used for converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain; a deconvolution factor determining unit, configured to determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; and the resolution processing unit is used for determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one deconvolution factor.
Optionally, the deconvolution factor determining unit is configured to perform:
s1: determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;
s2: determining a deconvolution factor for the target sub-time window;
s3: determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S4, and if so, ending the current process;
s4: and sequentially recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows, extending the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time-frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequential target sub-time windows, and executing S2.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a method of seismic data resolution enhancement according to any of the embodiments of the invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement a method for resolution enhancement of seismic data according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention when executed.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the seismic data are converted into the time-frequency domain by setting the time window and the time window increment and adopting the short-time Fourier transform, and the deconvolution factor is obtained and applied in the time-frequency domain, so that the resolution of the seismic data is improved, the resolution is improved more reasonably, the actual situation is closer, and the resolution of the seismic data is effectively improved.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a seismic data resolution enhancement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a deconvolution factor determination method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a deconvolution factor determination method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a desired amplitude spectrum setting method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining a resolution of seismic data to be processed according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data resolution enhancement apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device implementing the seismic data resolution enhancement method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a seismic data resolution improving method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a case of improving seismic exploration resolution in oil and gas exploration, and the method may be executed by a seismic data resolution improving apparatus, and the seismic data resolution improving apparatus may be implemented in a hardware and/or software manner. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
and S110, intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window.
Wherein, because of the absorption attenuation effect of the earth, the frequency characteristics of the seismic wavelet are constantly changed in the process that the seismic wavelet is excited to generate downward propagation to the receiver, and the overall trend is as follows: as the propagation time increases, the spectral bandwidth of seismic data becomes increasingly narrower, which manifests as a decrease in resolution in seismic profiles, and thus, there is a need to improve the resolution of seismic data. Typically, the seismic data is acquired in the form of seismic traces, such as 0-5000ms traces. The time window is a time range, and since seismic data is usually displayed with time as a longitudinal scale, (seismic waves receive subsurface formation reflection signals in a time scale, multiplied by velocity, which can be converted into depth of the subsurface), the longitudinal range of the target zone can be expressed by using the time window. This range should be within the time range of the seismic traces, such as 1000-. And intercepting the seismic data to be processed within a certain time from the seismic channel according to a preset time window, so as to improve the resolution ratio of the seismic data. The intercepted seismic data to be processed can be the effective range of the seismic data or the customized target range.
And S120, converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain.
S130, determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment.
S140, determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one deconvolution factor.
In a feasible embodiment, the short-time Fourier transform is adopted to project the seismic data to a time-frequency domain, and deconvolution factors are solved and applied in the time-frequency domain, so that the resolution of the seismic data is improved, the structural information such as faults is clearer, and the stacking relation of the layers is clearer and more accurate.
The short-time Fourier inverse transformation formula is as follows:
the short-time Fourier transform transforms the signal f (t) into a two-dimensional function of the time-frequency space (τ, ω), and the parameter ω has similar properties to the Fourier transform ω, which represents the local frequency of the signal, and its value is related to f (t), and g (t), which represents the location of g (t), and g (t) is a window function with a finite time length.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the seismic data are converted into the time-frequency domain by setting the time window and the time window increment and adopting the short-time Fourier transform, and the deconvolution factor is obtained and applied in the time-frequency domain, so that the resolution of the seismic data is improved, the resolution is improved more reasonably and closer to the actual situation, and the resolution of the seismic data is effectively improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a deconvolution factor determination method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is optimized based on the second embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s210, determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window.
After seismic data to be processed are intercepted from seismic traces according to the time windows, the data to be processed need to be further divided into a plurality of sub-time windows, and the sub-time windows are processed. The time window increment represents the variation of the sub-time windows, and the time window increment is at least 1ms and at most does not exceed one fourth of the time window. The target sub-time window represents the sub-time window to be processed.
For example, the initial seismic trace is 0-5000ms, wherein the seismic data within 1000-. The starting point of the initial sub-time window is 1000ms, and the end point is 1002ms according to the time window increment of 2 ms.
And S220, determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window.
And solving a deconvolution factor for each sub-time window, and performing resolution improvement processing on the seismic data of the time period in which the sub-time window is located according to the deconvolution factor corresponding to the sub-time window.
S230, determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S240, and if so, executing S250.
S240, recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows in sequence, prolonging the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequence of the target sub-time windows, and executing S220.
And S250, ending the current flow.
After processing a sub-time window, the sub-time window needs to be extended by the time window increment to obtain the next sequential sub-time window. The start of the next sequential sub-time window is unchanged and remains the start of the time window, and the end is added to the end of the previous sequential sub-time window by the time window increment. For example, the initial sub-time window range is 1000-. After the range of the next sequential sub-time window is determined each time, the deconvolution factor of the sub-time window is obtained, and the resolution of the seismic data of each sub-time window is improved.
The embodiment of the invention introduces the concepts of the time window and the time window increment in the processing process of improving the resolution of the seismic data, and converts the process of extracting the deconvolution factor from the time-frequency domain into an iterative process, so that the whole processing process is more reasonable, more accords with the actual situation, and can effectively improve the resolution of the seismic data.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a deconvolution factor determining method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s310, determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, wherein the expected amplitude spectrum is the amplitude spectrum of the expected seismic data to be processed after the resolution is improved.
And the expected amplitude spectrum is an amplitude spectrum obtained by improving the resolution ratio of the expected seismic data, the expected amplitude spectrum is set according to the current amplitude spectrum of the seismic data, and the expected amplitude spectrum is a necessary parameter obtained by a deconvolution factor.
S320, determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.
Since the average amplitude spectrum is different from the expected amplitude spectrum, the deconvolution factor is obtained in the meaning of a first norm, a second norm or a mixed norm according to the difference of the signal-to-noise ratios of the two different frequency bands. By expanding the frequency band through the deconvolution factor, high and low frequency noise can be effectively inhibited, the resolution of the seismic data is improved, and the high-resolution seismic data is obtained.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a desired amplitude spectrum setting method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
s410, determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is larger than the average amplitude spectrum.
The average amplitude spectrum is an original resolution of the seismic data to be processed before resolution is improved, the frequency of the seismic data is usually 0-60Hz, if resolution needs to be improved, the initial expected amplitude spectrum needs to be set to be larger than the frequency range, such as 0-80Hz, and the frequency range is the frequency range after resolution is improved.
And S420, determining a constraint low cut-off frequency and a constraint high cut-off frequency of the initial expected amplitude spectrum.
S430, setting the expected amplitude spectrum according to the constraint low cut-off frequency and the constraint high cut-off frequency.
Wherein, when determining the desired amplitude spectrum after setting the initial desired amplitude spectrum, since data in a lower or higher frequency range in the seismic data is generally not trusted, this portion can be removed by setting a low cut-off frequency and a high cut-off frequency, such as data with frequencies below 5Hz is generally not trusted, data with 70-80Hz is generally not trusted, 0-5Hz can be set as a constraint low cut-off frequency, and 70-80Hz can be set as a constraint high cut-off frequency. After the setting is finished, the obtained expected amplitude spectrum is 5-70Hz, the resolution is improved compared with the original seismic data, an invalid data range is filtered, and the calculation pressure is reduced.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining resolution of seismic data to be processed according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
s510, broadening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed in the current target sub-time window through the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window.
S520, converting the seismic data to be processed into an original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform, improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed, and obtaining the seismic data with the improved resolution.
The method comprises the steps of extracting seismic data to be processed from seismic channels according to a time window, projecting the seismic data to be processed to a time-frequency domain through short-time Fourier transform, solving and applying deconvolution factors under the constraint of a time-frequency domain expected amplitude spectrum, widening seismic data frequency bands, and converting the data to an original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform, so that the resolution ratio of the seismic data is improved. The short-time Fourier transform is one of the commonly used signal processing tools at present, and has an important role in the field of time-frequency analysis. The short-time Fourier transform is to add a short-time window function moving along a time axis to a signal, and intercept non-stationary signals near each moment by the short-time window signal, at the moment, the signal in the short-time window can be regarded as stationary signals, and the results are respectively intercepted to carry out Fourier change, so that the frequency spectrum near each moment, namely the instantaneous frequency spectrum, is obtained. The signal after the short-time fourier transform has the localized characteristics of the time domain and the frequency domain, which can be used to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of the signal. After the frequency band of the seismic data is widened in the time-frequency domain through the deconvolution factor, the data is converted into the original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform. Short-time fourier transform (time-frequency domain) projections are more suitable for processing actual unsteady seismic data than commonly used frequency domain projections.
Wherein, the inverse short-time Fourier transform formula is as follows:
in general, g (t) is a real signal and is located at a low frequency of the energy concentration of Fourier transform, and thus can be regarded as an impulse response of a low-pass filter. With the transition of τ, the "time window" determined by g (τ -t) moves on the t-axis, bringing f (t) "step by step" into the state being analyzed.
In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, intercepting seismic data to be processed from seismic data according to a preset time window includes: determining a time interval of the original seismic data in a time domain; determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not larger than the size of the time window; and intercepting the seismic data to be processed in the effective time interval.
Since a seismic trace may range from 0 to 5000ms, the range is large, and many less significant seismic data are included, if the resolution of the complete trace is increased, the processing time is lengthened, and the computational effort is increased. Thus, by determining the valid time interval in which meaningful seismic data is included in the raw seismic data, the interval is limited by the size of the predetermined time window. The seismic data of the part is intercepted and taken as seismic data to be processed, so that the processing of improving the resolution ratio has pertinence, the processing efficiency is improved, and the calculation pressure is reduced.
Example four
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data resolution improving apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
the seismic data acquisition unit 610 is configured to intercept seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window.
And the seismic data conversion unit 620 is used for converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain.
A deconvolution factor determining unit 630, configured to determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment.
A resolution processing unit 640, configured to determine a resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one deconvolution factor.
Optionally, the deconvolution factor determining unit 630 is configured to perform:
s1: determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;
s2: determining a deconvolution factor for the target sub-time window;
s3: determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S4, and if so, ending the current process;
s4: and sequentially recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows, extending the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time-frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequential target sub-time windows, and executing S2.
Optionally, when determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window, the deconvolution factor determining unit 630 specifically performs:
determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, wherein the expected amplitude spectrum is the amplitude spectrum of the expected seismic data to be processed after the resolution is improved;
and determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.
As shown in fig. 6, optionally, the apparatus further includes: a desired amplitude spectrum setting unit 650.
A desired amplitude spectrum setting unit 650 for performing:
determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is larger than the average amplitude spectrum;
determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency for the initial desired amplitude spectrum;
setting the desired amplitude spectrum according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.
Optionally, the resolution processing unit 640 is configured to sequentially perform, for each target sub-time window:
broadening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed in the current target sub-time window through the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window;
and converting the seismic data to be processed into an original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform, improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed, and obtaining the seismic data with the improved resolution.
Optionally, the seismic data acquisition unit 610 is configured to perform:
determining a time interval of the original seismic data in a time domain;
determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not larger than the size of the time window;
and intercepting the seismic data to be processed in the effective time interval.
The seismic data resolution improving device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the seismic data resolution improving method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the executing method.
EXAMPLE five
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 7, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM)12, a Random Access Memory (RAM)13, and the like, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM)12 or the computer program loaded from a storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.
A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network such as the internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
The processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, or the like. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as seismic data resolution enhancement methods.
In some embodiments, the seismic data resolution enhancement method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, the computer program may perform one or more of the steps of the seismic data resolution enhancement method described above. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the seismic data resolution enhancement method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be performed. A computer program can execute entirely on a machine, partly on a machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on a machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computing system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical host and VPS service are overcome.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the resolution of seismic data, comprising:
intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window;
converting the seismic data to be processed to a time-frequency domain;
determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment;
determining a resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining at least one deconvolution factor for the seismic data to be processed based on the time window and a preset time window increment comprises:
s1: determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;
s2: determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window;
s3: determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S4, and if so, ending the current process;
s4: and sequentially recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows, extending the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time-frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequential target sub-time windows, and executing S2.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a deconvolution factor for the target sub-window comprises:
determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, wherein the expected amplitude spectrum is the amplitude spectrum of the expected seismic data to be processed after the resolution is improved;
and determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the desired amplitude spectrum is set by:
determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is larger than the average amplitude spectrum;
determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency for the initial desired amplitude spectrum;
setting the desired amplitude spectrum according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed based on at least one of the deconvolution factors comprises:
sequentially executing the following steps for each target sub-time window:
broadening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed in the current target sub-time window through the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window;
and converting the seismic data to be processed into an original time domain through inverse short-time Fourier transform, improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed, and obtaining the seismic data with the improved resolution.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein intercepting the seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a predetermined time window comprises:
determining a time interval of the original seismic data in a time domain;
determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not larger than the size of the time window;
and intercepting the seismic data to be processed in the effective time interval.
7. An apparatus for improving seismic data resolution, comprising:
the seismic data acquisition unit is used for intercepting seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window;
the seismic data conversion unit is used for converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain;
a deconvolution factor determining unit, configured to determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment;
and the resolution processing unit is used for determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one deconvolution factor.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the deconvolution factor determining unit is configured to perform:
s1: determining a starting point and an end point of an initial sub-time window in a time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and taking the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;
s2: determining a deconvolution factor for the target sub-time window;
s3: determining whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window, if not, executing S4, and if so, ending the current process;
s4: and sequentially recording the target sub-time windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-time windows, extending the end points of the target sub-time windows in the time-frequency domain according to the time window increment to obtain the next sequential target sub-time windows, and executing S2.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the seismic data resolution enhancement method of any of claims 1-6.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a processor to execute a method for seismic data resolution enhancement according to any of claims 1-6.
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