CN115077988A

CN115077988A - Device and method for extracting micro-plastic in farmland soil

Info

Publication number: CN115077988A
Application number: CN202210865262.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李冠霖
Original assignee: Zhenjiang Dewei Lepu Energy Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhenjiang Dewei Lepu Energy Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-21
Filing date: 2022-07-21
Publication date: 2022-09-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for extracting micro-plastics from farmland soil, which comprises an agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling and extracting device, wherein the agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling and extracting device comprises a soil sampler, a sampling conversion head, a sample separator, a rotary sample accommodating mechanism and an extracting mechanism, the soil sampler comprises a handrail and a vertical rod vertically fixed below the handrail, the bottom of the vertical rod is provided with an installation port, one side of the vertical rod is provided with a notch, the sampling conversion head is installed in the installation port, the sample separator is arranged in the vertical rod and is positioned right above the sampling conversion head, the rotary sampling accommodating mechanism is installed on the vertical rod and consists of a support plate, a first motor and a rotary carrier, the support plate is fixed on the vertical rod and is positioned above the notch, the first motor is installed on the support plate, and a power output end of the first motor is connected with the rotary carrier. The invention designs the integrated device special for sampling and extracting agricultural soil, which can quickly analyze the soil and improve the working efficiency of the device.

Description

Device and method for extracting micro-plastics from farmland soil

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a device and a method for extracting micro-plastics in farmland soil.

Background

Agricultural soil, also called cultivated soil, is soil formed by human production activities such as cultivation, fertilization, irrigation, improvement and the like and under the comprehensive action of natural factors on the basis of natural soil, such as soil in cultivated lands, orchards and tea gardens, and the quality of the agricultural soil directly influences the yield of crops, so that the detection and subsequent targeted treatment of the agricultural soil are particularly important for the development of agriculture, wherein the micro-plastics in the farmland soil belong to one of soil pollution, and the detection of the micro-plastics in the soil needs to sample and extract the farmland soil.

However, the existing sampling and extraction methods of micro-plastics for agricultural soil have the following problems: the current extraction mode to the sample of agricultural soil and the little plastics that contain need carry out many operations, need take a sample and accomodate soil, then carry out the sample processing through special extraction facilities, and such sample extraction mode is lower to the content detection efficiency of little plastics in the soil greatly. For this reason, a corresponding technical scheme needs to be designed to solve the existing technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for extracting micro-plastics in farmland soil, which solve the technical problems that the existing sampling and extracting mode of agricultural soil and micro-plastics contained in the agricultural soil is low in efficiency of greatly detecting the content of the micro-plastics in the soil due to the fact that multiple operations are needed, the soil needs to be sampled and stored, and then the sampling and extracting mode is processed by special extracting equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an extraction device for micro-plastics in farmland soil comprises an agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling extraction device, wherein the agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling extraction device comprises a soil sampler, a sampling conversion head, a sample separator, a rotary sample storage mechanism and an extraction mechanism, the soil sampler comprises a handrail and a vertical rod vertically fixed below the handrail, the bottom of the vertical rod is provided with a mounting port, one side of the vertical rod is provided with a notch, the sampling conversion head is mounted in the mounting port, the sample separator is arranged in the vertical rod and positioned right above the sampling conversion head, the rotary sampling storage mechanism is mounted on the vertical rod and consists of a support plate, a motor I and a rotary carrier, the support plate is fixed on the vertical rod and positioned above the notch, the motor I is mounted on the support plate, the power output end of the motor I is connected with the rotary carrier, the rotary carrier is rotatably arranged in the notch, the extraction mechanism comprises a water storage container fixed on the upright rod and a pump body arranged below the water storage container, and the water outlet end of the pump body is connected with the rotary loader through a pipeline.

As a preferable mode of the invention, the sampling conversion head comprises a first sampling cylinder, a second sampling cylinder, a connecting plate and a second motor, the first sampling cylinder and the second sampling cylinder are symmetrically arranged and are connected through the connecting plate, the second motor is arranged in the mounting port, and the power output end is connected with the connecting plate.

As a preferred mode of the invention, the first sampling cylinder is internally provided with a receiving groove, an arc-shaped plate is formed on the inner wall of the receiving groove in a processing manner, the end part of the arc-shaped plate is provided with a through hole, a magnetic block is arranged on the through hole, a reset spring is arranged on the outer side of the magnetic block, a butt plate is arranged in the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, the butt plate is internally provided with a bayonet, the outer end of the butt plate is connected with a supporting plate through a metal rod, the supporting plate is arranged in the receiving groove, and the second sampling cylinder and the first sampling cylinder have the same structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end surface of the magnetic block is provided in an inclined shape and used in cooperation with a sample separator.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate is longitudinally provided with a sliding groove which is matched with the supporting plate to move.

As a preferable mode of the invention, the sampling separator comprises a guide cylinder and a guide rod inserted in the guide cylinder, an annular groove is formed on the surface of the guide rod, a driving wheel is meshed with one side of the guide rod, a motor III is installed on one side of the driving wheel, an L-shaped magnetic rod is installed at the bottom of the guide rod, and the L-shaped magnetic rod is matched with a magnetic block for use.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, the rotary carrier includes a filter plate having a notch formed on one side thereof and a plurality of groups of introduction cylinders uniformly disposed on the filter plate, and upper ends of the groups of introduction cylinders are connected to the pump body.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific extraction method is as follows:

when farmland soil needs to be sampled and extracted, a worker inserts a sampling conversion head into soil needing to be sampled through a soil sampler, digs the soil and drives the soil through a second motor to enable a sampling cylinder with the excavated soil to face upwards, utilizes a third motor of a sample separator to drive a guide rod to move longitudinally, an L-shaped magnetic rod at the lower end of the guide rod moves to a magnetic block position, magnetic poles of the L-shaped magnetic rod move the magnetic block to one side, the L-shaped magnetic rod extends into a bayonet of a butt joint plate and then moves upwards to drive a supporting plate to move upwards so as to separate and guide the soil into a guide cylinder of a rotary sample receiving mechanism at one side, after the soil is completely received, the extracting mechanism is opened to guide a flotation agent into the guide cylinder to wash the soil inside and filter plastic particles in the soil through a filter screen at the bottom so that the plastic particles can be retained in the guide cylinder, the staff can judge the plastics content in the soil according to the plastic granules in the leading-in section of thick bamboo, and easy operation has improved the efficiency to agricultural soil sample and draw greatly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention designs an integrated device specially used for sampling and extracting micro-plastics in agricultural soil, which comprises a soil sampler, a sampling conversion head, a sample separator, a rotary sample receiving mechanism and an extracting mechanism, wherein the sampling conversion head is inserted into the soil to be sampled through the soil sampler, the soil is dug out and converted, the conversion head after sampling is upward, the soil is separated by the sample separator and is guided into the rotary sample receiving mechanism at one side, the rotary sample receiving mechanism is internally provided with a plurality of groups of guide cylinders for simultaneously receiving a plurality of groups of samples, after receiving, the extracting mechanism is opened to guide a flotation agent into the guide cylinder to wash the soil inside and filter plastic particles in the soil through a filter screen at the bottom, make plastic granules can be detained in leading-in section of thick bamboo, the staff can judge the plastics content in the soil according to the plastic granules in the leading-in section of thick bamboo, easy operation has improved the efficiency to agricultural soil sample and draw greatly.

2. The invention designs the integrated device special for sampling and extracting agricultural soil, which can be used for quickly analyzing the soil and improving the working efficiency of the device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sampling adapter according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the sampling tube of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the pallet position of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a sample separator according to the present invention;

figure 6 is a top view of a rotary carrier according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a handrail; 2. erecting a rod; 3. an installation port; 4. a notch; 5. a support plate; 6. a first motor; 7. a rotary carrier; 8. a water storage container; 9. a pump body; 10. a first sampling cylinder; 11. a second sampling cylinder; 12. a connecting plate; 13. a second motor; 14. a storage groove; 15. an arc-shaped plate; 16. perforating; 17. a magnetic block; 18. a return spring; 19. a butt plate; 20. a bayonet; 21. a support plate; 22. a chute; 23. a guide cylinder; 24. a guide bar; 25. an annular groove; 26. a drive wheel; 27. a third motor; 28. an L-shaped magnetic rod; 29. a notch; 30. filtering the plate; 31. and (3) a lead-in cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: an extraction device for micro-plastics in farmland soil comprises an agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling extraction device, the agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling extraction device comprises a soil sampler, a sampling conversion head, a sample separator, a rotary sample receiving mechanism and an extraction mechanism, the soil sampler comprises a handrail 1 and a vertical rod 2 vertically fixed below the handrail 1, the bottom of the vertical rod 2 is provided with a mounting port 3, one side of the vertical rod 2 is provided with a notch 4, the sampling conversion head is arranged in the mounting port 3, the sample separator is arranged in the vertical rod 2 and is positioned right above the sampling conversion head, the rotary sampling receiving mechanism is arranged on the vertical rod 2 and consists of a support plate 5, a motor I6 and a rotary carrier 7, the support plate 5 is fixed on the vertical rod 2 and is positioned above the notch 4, the motor I6 is arranged on the support plate 5, and a power output end is connected with the rotary carrier 7, the rotary bearing device 7 is rotatably arranged in the notch 4, the extracting mechanism comprises a water storage container 8 fixed on the upright stanchion 2 and a pump body 9 arranged below the water storage container 8, and the water outlet end of the pump body 9 is connected with the rotary bearing device 7 through a pipeline.

Further improved, as shown in fig. 2: the sampling conversion head is composed of a first sampling cylinder 10, a second sampling cylinder 11, a connecting plate 12 and a second motor 13, wherein the first sampling cylinder 10 and the second sampling cylinder 11 are symmetrically arranged and are connected through the connecting plate 12, the second motor 13 is arranged in the mounting port 3, and the power output end of the second motor is connected with the connecting plate 12.

Further improved, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4: the groove 14 has been seted up to the inside of a sampling section of thick bamboo 10, it has arc 15 to accomodate machine-shaping on the inner wall of groove 14, wear mouthful 16 has been seted up to the tip of arc 15, wear to be provided with magnetism piece 17 on mouthful 16, the outside of magnetism piece 17 is provided with reset spring 18, the bottom of arc 15 embeds there is butt-joint plate 19, bayonet socket 20 has been seted up to butt-joint plate 19's inside and the outer end is connected with layer board 21 through the metal pole, place in accomodating the groove 14 in the layer board 21, two 11 sampling sections of thick bamboo are the same with the structure of a sampling section of thick bamboo 10, butt-joint plate 19 adopts the metal material to be convenient for cooperate L type magnetic pole 28 to adsorb.

Further modified, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4: the upper end surface of the magnetic block 17 is obliquely arranged and is matched with the sample separator for use, and the design mode is convenient for the magnetic block 17 to repel each other in the same polarity when the L-shaped magnetic rod 28 moves downwards so as to move the magnetic block 17 to one side.

Further improved, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4: the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 15 is longitudinally provided with a sliding chute 22 which is matched with the supporting plate 21 to move.

Further improved, as shown in fig. 5: the sampling separator comprises a guide cylinder 23 and a guide rod 24 inserted in the guide cylinder 23, an annular groove 25 is formed in the surface of the guide rod 24 in a machining mode, a driving wheel 26 is meshed with one side of the annular groove, a third motor 27 is installed on one side of the driving wheel 26, an L-shaped magnetic rod 28 is installed at the bottom of the guide rod 24, and the L-shaped magnetic rod 28 is matched with the magnetic block 17 for use.

Specifically, the rotary carrier 7 comprises a filter plate 30 with a notch 29 formed in one side and a plurality of groups of leading-in cylinders 31 uniformly arranged on the filter plate 30, the upper ends of the groups of leading-in cylinders 31 are connected with the pump body 9, the notch 29 is used for facilitating the longitudinal movement of the sampling separator in the notch 29 and leading soil on the supporting plate 21 into the leading-in cylinders 31 above, the openings of the leading-in cylinders 31 face downwards, and after the soil is led in, the motor I6 drives the leading-in cylinders 31 to rotate and enables the openings to be located on the filter plate 30 to prevent the soil inside from falling.

When in use: the specific extraction method of the invention is as follows:

when farmland soil needs to be sampled and extracted, a worker inserts a sampling conversion head into the soil needing to be sampled through a soil sampler, digs the soil and drives the soil through a second motor 13, so that a sampling cylinder with the excavated soil faces upwards, a third motor 27 of a sample separator is used for driving a guide rod 24 to move longitudinally, an L-shaped magnetic rod 28 at the lower end of the guide rod 24 moves to a position of a magnetic block 17, the magnetic block 17 moves to one side due to the same magnetic pole, the L-shaped magnetic rod 28 extends into a bayonet 20 of a butt plate 19 and then moves upwards to drive a supporting plate 21 to move upwards, the soil is separated and guided into a guide cylinder 31 of a rotary sample receiving mechanism at one side, after the soil is received, an extraction mechanism is opened to guide a flotation agent into the guide cylinder to wash the soil inside and filter plastic particles in the soil through a filter screen at the bottom, make plastic granules can be detained in leading-in section of thick bamboo 31, the staff can judge the plastic content in the soil according to the plastic granules in leading-in section of thick bamboo 31, easy operation has improved the efficiency to agricultural soil sample and draw greatly.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an extraction element of little plastics in farmland soil, includes the little plastics sampling extraction element of agricultural soil, its characterized in that: the agricultural soil micro-plastic sampling and extracting device comprises a soil sampler, a sampling conversion head, a sample separator, a rotary sample receiving mechanism and an extracting mechanism, wherein the soil sampler comprises a handrail (1) and a vertical rod (2) vertically fixed below the handrail (1), the bottom of the vertical rod (2) is provided with a mounting port (3), one side of the vertical rod is provided with a notch (4), the sampling conversion head is installed in the mounting port (3), the sample separator is arranged in the vertical rod (2) and is positioned right above the sampling conversion head, the rotary sampling receiving mechanism is installed on the vertical rod (2) and consists of a support plate (5), a motor I (6) and a rotary carrier (7), the support plate (5) is fixed on the vertical rod (2) and is positioned above the notch (4), the motor I (6) is installed on the support plate (5) and the power output end is connected with the rotary carrier (7), rotatory carrier (7) rotate and set up in notch (4), draw the mechanism including being fixed in water storage container (8) on pole setting (2) and installing in pump body (9) of water storage container (8) below, the play water end of pump body (9) is connected with rotatory carrier (7) through the pipeline.

2. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: sample conversion head comprises sampling tube one (10), sampling tube two (11), connecting plate (12) and motor two (13), sampling tube one (10) and sampling tube two (11) symmetry set up and be connected through connecting plate (12) between the two, motor two (13) are installed in installing port (3) and power take off end is connected with connecting plate (12).

3. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a sampler, including sampler barrel (10), take in groove (14), machine-shaping has arc (15) on the inner wall of taking in groove (14), wear mouthful (16) have been seted up to the tip of arc (15), it is provided with magnetic block (17) on mouthful (16) to wear, the outside of magnetic block (17) is provided with reset spring (18), the bottom of arc (15) is built-in to have butt-joint plate (19), bayonet socket (20) and outer end have been seted up to the inside of butt-joint plate (19) and have been connected with layer board (21) through the metal pole, place in layer board (21) and take in groove (14), sampler barrel two (11) are the same with the structure of sampler barrel (10).

4. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: the upper end surface of the magnetic block (17) is obliquely arranged and is matched with the sample separator for use.

5. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: and the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate (15) is longitudinally provided with a sliding chute (22) which is matched with the supporting plate (21) to move.

6. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: sample separator includes guide cylinder (23) and alternates guide bar (24) in guide cylinder (23), the surface machining shaping of guide bar (24) has annular groove (25) and one side meshing to have drive wheel (26), motor three (27) are installed to one side of drive wheel (26), L type magnetic pole (28) are installed to the bottom of guide bar (24), L type magnetic pole (28) use with magnetic block (17) cooperation.

7. The farmland soil micro-plastic extraction device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotary loader (7) comprises a filter plate (30) with a notch (29) formed in one side and a plurality of groups of lead-in cylinders (31) uniformly arranged on the filter plate (30), and the upper ends of the groups of lead-in cylinders (31) are connected with the pump body (9).

8. The extraction method of the micro-plastic in the farmland soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific extraction method is as follows:

when farmland soil needs to be sampled and extracted, a worker inserts a sampling conversion head into the soil needing to be sampled through a soil sampler, digs the soil and drives the soil through a second motor (13), so that a sampling cylinder with the excavated soil faces upwards, a third motor (27) of a sample separator is used for driving a guide rod (24) to move longitudinally, an L-shaped magnetic rod (28) at the lower end of the guide rod (24) moves to the position of a magnetic block (17), the magnetic pole is the same to move the magnetic block (17) to one side, the L-shaped magnetic rod (28) extends into a bayonet (20) of a butt joint plate (19) and then moves upwards to drive a supporting plate (21) to move upwards to separate the soil and guide the soil into a guide-in cylinder (31) of a rotary sample receiving mechanism at one side, after the soil is received, an extraction mechanism is opened to guide a flotation agent into the guide-in cylinder to wash the soil inside and filter plastic particles in the soil through a filter screen at the bottom, make plastic granules can be detained in leading-in section of thick bamboo, the staff can judge the plastics content in the soil according to the plastic granules in the leading-in section of thick bamboo, easy operation has improved the efficiency to agricultural soil sample and draw greatly.