CN115070409B - Four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism - Google Patents
Four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN115070409B CN115070409B CN202210649947.XA CN202210649947A CN115070409B CN 115070409 B CN115070409 B CN 115070409B CN 202210649947 A CN202210649947 A CN 202210649947A CN 115070409 B CN115070409 B CN 115070409B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
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Abstract
The invention relates to a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism which comprises a leveling upper plate, a leveling lower plate, a centering upper plate, a centering lower plate, a leveling assembly and a centering assembly, wherein the leveling upper plate, the leveling lower plate, the centering upper plate and the centering lower plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the leveling upper plate is fixedly connected with the leveling lower plate, the upper end surface of the leveling upper plate is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a product, the leveling assembly is matched with the leveling upper plate and the leveling lower plate to adjust the horizontal angle, and the centering assembly is matched with the centering upper plate and the centering lower plate to adjust the position distance. The four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism aims to solve the problem that the traditional angle adjusting mechanism is poor in stability due to the influence of external force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precise adjusting mechanisms, in particular to a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism.
Background
The small angle adjusting mechanism is widely applied as a tool commonly used for machines, and has places for playing corresponding roles due to the structural characteristics and functions of the small angle adjusting mechanism in the processes of workpiece processing, combination, assembly, debugging, inspection, measurement, transportation and the like.
The traditional adjustment mode similar to the small-sized angle adjustment mechanism applied in the industrial field is mainly in a jackscrew mode or an inclined plane sliding block mode, namely, the other flat plate is jacked or supported by jackscrew bolts between the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate, or the heights of the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate are adjusted by the displacement of the sliding blocks, so that the angle adjustment requirement is met. In the process, the former form is easy to cause part deformation due to small supporting points, accuracy is affected, and the latter form is easy to influence adjustment accuracy due to the fact that the relative positions of the upper plate and the lower plate are changed due to the influence of external force. In addition, the adjustment link depends on additional tools such as a wrench, a screwdriver and the like, so that the adjustment link has a plurality of inconveniences and has poor user experience.
Accordingly, the inventors provide a four degree of freedom adjustment mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism, which solves the technical problem that the traditional angle adjusting mechanism is poor in stability due to the influence of external force.
(2) Technical proposal
The invention provides a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism which comprises a leveling upper plate, a leveling lower plate, a leveling assembly and a leveling assembly, wherein the leveling upper plate, the leveling lower plate, the leveling upper plate and the leveling lower plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the leveling upper plate is fixedly connected with the leveling lower plate, the upper end face of the leveling upper plate is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a product, the leveling assembly is matched with the leveling upper plate and the leveling lower plate to adjust a horizontal angle, and the leveling assembly is matched with the leveling upper plate and the leveling lower plate to adjust a position distance.
Further, the leveling assembly comprises a leveling ball pressing plate, leveling balls, a leveling assembly base, a leveling assembly support, a leveling bolt and a leveling nut, wherein the leveling balls are arranged in counter bores of the leveling assembly base, the leveling ball pressing plate is pressed into the counter bores of the leveling assembly base, the leveling nut is placed under a bridge of the leveling assembly base, the leveling bolt penetrates through the leveling assembly base and is screwed into the leveling nut, and the leveling assembly support is placed under the bridge of the leveling assembly base.
Further, the leveling assembly base is of a bridge structure and is provided with a round groove for placing the leveling balls and a through hole of the leveling bolt.
Further, the leveling nut is in a truncated cone chamfer shape and is provided with a mounting hole matched with the leveling bolt.
Further, the aligning assembly comprises an aligning bolt, an aligning nut and a base outer ring, wherein the aligning nut is arranged in a counter bore of the base outer ring, the aligning lower plate is arranged in the base outer ring, the aligning bolt penetrates through the base outer ring and is screwed into the aligning nut, and the base outer ring is arranged around the outer wall circumference of the aligning lower plate.
Further, the aligning bolt is in a round table through-cutting shape and is provided with a mounting hole matched with the leveling bolt.
Further, the base outer ring is provided with a mounting hole connected with the aligning upper plate, a through hole for mounting the aligning component and a groove matched with the tangential surface of the aligning nut.
Further, the four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism further comprises a ball retainer and a centering ball, wherein the ball retainer is arranged between the centering upper plate and the centering lower plate, and a plurality of centering balls are filled in the centering holes of the ball retainer and are in rolling contact with the centering upper plate and the centering lower plate.
Further, the side surface of the leveling lower plate is a large-curvature spherical outer envelope, and the lower end surface of the leveling lower plate is provided with a through hole connected with the leveling upper plate.
Further, the side surface of the aligning lower plate is a conical surface matched with the aligning assembly.
(3) Advantageous effects
In summary, the invention adjusts the leveling assembly to change the relative angle of the leveling upper plate and adjusts the aligning assembly to change the relative position of the leveling upper plate; the adjusting mechanism has the characteristics of high stability, and simultaneously has the characteristics of simplicity in processing and assembling and convenience in operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a leveling assembly in a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a centering component in a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-leveling an upper plate; 2-leveling the lower plate; 3-aligning the upper plate; 4-aligning the lower plate; 5-ball holders; 6-aligning the balls; 701-leveling a ball platen; 702-leveling balls; 703-leveling assembly base; 704-leveling component bracket; 705-leveling bolts; 706-leveling the nut; 801-aligning bolts; 802-aligning nuts; 803-base outer ring.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, substitutions and improvements in parts, components and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the adjusting mechanism can comprise a leveling upper plate 1, a leveling lower plate 2, a centering upper plate 3, a centering lower plate 4, a leveling assembly and a centering assembly, wherein the leveling upper plate 1, the leveling lower plate 2, the centering upper plate 3 and the centering lower plate 4 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the leveling upper plate 1 is fixedly connected with the leveling lower plate 2, the upper end surface of the leveling upper plate 1 is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a product, the leveling assembly is matched with the leveling upper plate 1 and the leveling lower plate 2 to adjust a horizontal angle, and the centering assembly is matched with the centering upper plate 3 and the centering lower plate 4 to adjust a position distance.
In the above embodiment, the leveling bolt of one leveling assembly is rotated, the leveling nut is displaced along the direction of the leveling bolt, the inclined surface of the leveling nut drives the leveling bracket to move up and down, the inclination of the leveling upper plate 1 in the direction is realized, and the inclination of the other degree of freedom is realized in the same way. When all leveling nuts are rotated simultaneously, the leveling upper plate 1 is moved up or down, which is the third degree of freedom.
The aligning bolt of the aligning component is adjusted, so that the horizontal position of the aligning upper plate 3 relative to the aligning lower plate 4 can be changed, and the fourth degree of freedom of the product can be adjusted; the adjusting mechanism has the characteristics of high stability, and simultaneously has the characteristics of simplicity in processing and assembling and convenience in operation.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4, the leveling assembly includes a leveling ball pressing plate 701, a leveling ball 702, a leveling assembly base 703, a leveling assembly bracket 704, a leveling bolt 705, and a leveling nut 706, wherein the leveling ball 702 is disposed in a counter bore of the leveling assembly base 703, the leveling ball pressing plate 701 is pressed into the counter bore of the leveling assembly base 703, the leveling nut 706 is placed under a bridge of the leveling assembly base 703, the leveling bolt 705 is threaded through the leveling assembly base 703 and screwed into the leveling nut 706, and the leveling assembly bracket 704 is placed under the bridge of the leveling assembly base 703.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the leveling assembly base 703 is a bridge structure having a circular groove for receiving leveling balls 702, and a via hole for a leveling bolt 705.
Specifically, the bridge structure can be conveniently combined with other parts, and two anti-falling pin holes are arranged beside the through hole.
As an alternative embodiment, the leveling nut 706 is a truncated cone chamfer having mounting holes that mate with the leveling bolts 705. Wherein, the leveling nut 706 is positioned by means of the bevel surface, and realizes the moving function of driving the leveling upper plate 1 by combining with the leveling bracket 704 through the displacement of the bevel surface of the round table.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the aligning assembly includes an aligning bolt 801, an aligning nut 802 and a base outer ring 803, the aligning nut 802 is placed in a counter bore of the base outer ring 803, the aligning lower plate 4 is placed in the base outer ring 803, the aligning bolt 801 is threaded through the base outer ring 803 and screwed into the aligning nut 802, and the base outer ring 803 is enclosed in the outer wall circumference of the aligning lower plate 4.
Specifically, the centering nut 802 is placed in the square counter bore of the base outer ring 803, the centering lower plate 4 is placed in the base outer ring 803, and the centering bolt 801 is screwed into the centering nut 802 through the through hole of the base outer ring 803. The ball retainer 5 is placed above the aligning lower plate 4, the holes on the ball retainer are filled with aligning balls 6, the aligning upper plate 3 is placed on the ball retainer 5 and connected with the base outer ring 803 through bolts, and the aligning nuts 802 can move up and down along the counter bore tracks of the base outer ring 803 by rotating the aligning bolts 801.
As an alternative embodiment, the centering bolt 801 is a truncated cone-shaped cross-section with mounting holes that fit into the leveling bolts 705. The aligning bolt 801 is positioned by means of the chamfer, and the function that the aligning lower plate 4 drives the leveling upper plate 1 to move is achieved through displacement of the inclined surface of the round table.
As an alternative embodiment, the base outer ring 803 is provided with a mounting hole connected to the centering plate 3, a through hole for mounting the centering assembly, and a groove matching the tangential plane of the centering nut 802.
As an alternative embodiment, the four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism further includes a ball cage 5 and a centering ball 6, the ball cage 5 is disposed between the centering upper plate 3 and the centering lower plate 4, and the plurality of centering balls 6 are filled in the centering holes of the ball cage 5 and are in rolling contact with both the centering upper plate 3 and the centering lower plate 4.
Specifically, the rolling contact between the aligning upper plate 3 and the aligning lower plate 4 is realized through the matching installation of the ball retainer 5 and the aligning balls 6, and the adjustment is flexible.
As an alternative embodiment, the leveling lower plate 2 has a large curvature spherical envelope on its side surface, and has a through hole on its lower end surface connected to the leveling upper plate 3. Wherein, the large curvature spherical outer envelope structure can improve the precision, more adapt to the nimble roll of leveling ball 702.
As an alternative embodiment, the side of the aligning lower plate 4 is a conical surface adapted to the aligning assembly. The conical surface is in line contact with the truncated cone-shaped measuring surface of the aligning nut, and the bearing capacity of the mechanism is improved.
The invention adjusts the screwing and the loosening of each leveling bolt 705 to change the relative angle of the leveling upper plate 1, and adjusts the screwing and the loosening of each aligning bolt 801 to change the relative position of the leveling upper plate 1; through the spherical cambered surface of the leveling lower plate 2 and the leveling balls 702, the supporting effect can be self-adaptively and slightly changed and kept at all times when the angle of the upper and lower flat plates is changed, the cylindrical conical surface of the aligning lower plate 4 and the conical surface of the aligning nut 802 push or pull the aligning lower plate 4 and keep the supporting effect at all times when the aligning nut 802 moves up and down.
The assembly and use method of the four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively placing four aligning nuts into square counter bores below the outer ring of the base from bottom to top, wherein one end of the nut with the larger diameter is arranged below, and the cross section of the nut is aligned with the side surface of the square groove;
step 2, placing the aligning lower plate into the outer ring of the base from top to bottom;
step 3, inserting the aligning bolt into a through hole in a circular counter bore above the outer ring of the base from top to bottom, and screwing the aligning bolt into a lower aligning nut;
step 4, the four aligning bolts are screwed gradually in sequence, and as the aligning nuts are limited by the square grooves to rotate, the aligning nuts move upwards along the vertical line direction and gradually contact with the outer conical surface of the aligning lower plate;
step 5, placing the ball retainer on the aligning lower plate to enable the ball retainer to be positioned at the center;
step 6, placing the aligning ball into a ball retainer;
step 7, placing the aligning upper plate on the ball retainer and supporting by means of aligning balls;
step 8, fixing the upper aligning plate with the outer ring of the base through bolts;
step 9, putting the leveling ball into a counter bore of a leveling assembly base;
step 10, covering a leveling ball pressing plate above the leveling balls, and placing the leveling balls into a leveling base to enable the leveling balls to be immovable;
step 11, placing a leveling nut under the middle bridge span of the leveling assembly base, wherein one side of the nut with a small diameter points to the direction of the leveling ball, and the longitudinal section of the side surface of the nut is attached to the bridge bottom;
step 12, penetrating a leveling bolt into a hole of the leveling assembly base from the outer side, and screwing the leveling bolt into a leveling nut;
step 13, placing two cylindrical pins into two pin holes above the leveling assembly base and tangential with two circular empty knife grooves of the leveling bolt, so that the leveling bolt cannot axially move;
step 14, placing the leveling component bracket below the bridge of the leveling component base and reversely placing the leveling component bracket, namely, the mounting surface of the leveling component bracket faces upwards;
step 15, three leveling components are arranged above the upper leveling plate and fixed with the upper leveling plate through bolts;
step 16, connecting the leveling upper plate with the leveling lower plate through bolts;
step 17, placing the combined leveling upper plate and leveling lower plate above the leveling assembly, supporting the leveling assembly by means of balls of the leveling assembly, and aligning Ji Diaoping assemblies with mounting holes below the leveling upper plate;
step 18, extending a spanner into a gap between the leveling upper plate and the leveling upper plate, and connecting the leveling component bracket and the leveling upper plate through bolts;
19, rotating the leveling bolt, wherein the leveling bolt does not generate axial movement due to the limiting effect of the cylindrical pin, the leveling nut moves along the axial direction of the bolt below the bridge crossing of the leveling assembly base, the leveling assembly bracket moves up and down under the force exerted by the leveling nut, and the leveling assembly bracket drives the leveling upper plate to move and the leveling upper plate tilts, so that the leveling effect is achieved;
step 20, rotating the aligning nut, wherein the aligning nut moves up and down in the square sinking groove of the outer ring of the base because the rotation of the aligning nut is limited, and the aligning nut supports the leveling lower plate to translate, so that the aligning effect is achieved;
and step 21, when the aligning nut is rotated, the opposite aligning nut is reversely rotated.
It should be understood that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in an incremental manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments. The invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known method techniques is omitted here for the sake of brevity.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations of this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism is characterized by comprising a leveling upper plate (1), a leveling lower plate (2), a leveling upper plate (3), a leveling lower plate (4), a leveling assembly and a leveling assembly; wherein,
the leveling upper plate (1), the leveling lower plate (2), the centering upper plate (3) and the centering lower plate (4) are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the leveling upper plate (1) is fixedly connected with the leveling lower plate (2), the upper end face of the leveling upper plate (1) is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a product, the leveling component is matched with the leveling upper plate (1) and the leveling lower plate (2) to be used for adjusting a horizontal angle, and the centering component is matched with the centering upper plate (3) and the centering lower plate (4) to be used for adjusting a position distance;
the leveling assembly comprises a leveling ball pressing plate (701), leveling balls (702), a leveling assembly base (703), a leveling assembly bracket (704), leveling bolts (705) and leveling nuts (706), wherein the leveling balls (702) are arranged in counter bores of the leveling assembly base (703), the leveling ball pressing plate (701) is pressed into counter bores of the leveling assembly base (703), the leveling nuts (706) are placed under bridge spans of the leveling assembly base (703), the leveling bolts (705) are arranged on the leveling assembly base (703) in a penetrating mode and screwed into the leveling nuts (706), and the leveling assembly bracket (704) is placed under the bridge spans of the leveling assembly base (703);
the aligning assembly comprises an aligning bolt (801), an aligning nut (802) and a base outer ring (803), wherein the aligning nut (802) is arranged in a counter bore of the base outer ring (803), the aligning lower plate (4) is arranged in the base outer ring (803), the aligning bolt (801) penetrates through the base outer ring (803) and is screwed into the aligning nut (802), and the base outer ring (803) is arranged around the outer wall of the aligning lower plate (4).
2. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism of claim 1 wherein the leveling assembly base (703) is a bridge-spanning structure having a circular slot in which the leveling ball (702) is placed, a via for the leveling bolt (705).
3. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism of claim 1 wherein the leveling nut (706) is a truncated cone chamfer having a mounting hole that mates with the leveling bolt (705).
4. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the centering bolt (801) is frustoconical with a mounting hole adapted to the leveling bolt (705).
5. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the base outer ring (803) is provided with a mounting hole connected with the centering upper plate (3), a through hole for mounting the centering assembly, and a groove matching with a tangential plane of the centering nut (802).
6. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a ball cage (5) and aligning balls (6), wherein the ball cage (5) is disposed between the aligning upper plate (3) and the aligning lower plate (4), and a plurality of the aligning balls (6) are filled in the pivot holes of the ball cage (5) and are in rolling contact with the aligning upper plate (3) and the aligning lower plate (4).
7. Four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the leveling lower plate (2) is a spherical envelope of large curvature, the lower end face of which has a through hole connected with the leveling upper plate (3).
8. Four-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the aligning lower plate (4) is a conical surface adapted to the aligning assembly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210649947.XA CN115070409B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism |
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| CN202210649947.XA CN115070409B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Four-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism |
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| CN115070409A CN115070409A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
| CN115070409B true CN115070409B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| CN115476010A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electrolytic machining device and method for thrust nut oil film groove |
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| CN215177607U (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-12-14 | 洛阳汇智测控技术有限公司 | High-precision leveling and aligning workbench for roundness measuring instrument |
| CN114393560A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-26 | 四川航天计量测试研究所 | Full-automatic aligning and leveling device based on air-floating rotary table and attitude adjusting method thereof |
| CN114264251A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-01 | 中原工学院 | Automatic aligning and leveling workbench and cross arm radial measurement size calibration method |
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