CN115070126A - Roughing method for blisk part - Google Patents
Roughing method for blisk part Download PDFInfo
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- CN115070126A CN115070126A CN202210750883.2A CN202210750883A CN115070126A CN 115070126 A CN115070126 A CN 115070126A CN 202210750883 A CN202210750883 A CN 202210750883A CN 115070126 A CN115070126 A CN 115070126A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rough machining method for blisk parts, which can improve the machining efficiency of a blisk, reduce the machining cost and realize the homogenization of the machining allowance of blisk blade profiles. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a to-be-processed area of the blisk to be processed; carrying out layered cycloid grooving processing on the divided regions to be processed, and roughly finishing the opening of the flow channel; and (3) performing semi-finish machining on the blade profile of the blisk layer by layer along the blade stacking axis direction after the runner is coarsely machined by adopting contour line winding, and completing the roughing machining of the blisk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining of parts of aero-engines, and particularly relates to a rough machining method for blisk parts.
Background
The blisk is a key and important part of a new generation of high-performance aircraft engine, and plays an important role in improving the performance of the engine. However, the blisk has the characteristics of complex structure, poor channel openness, thin blades, large bending torsion, poor rigidity, easy deformation and the like, so that numerical control programming is difficult, deformation control is difficult, cutting processing is difficult, and the comprehensive manufacturing technology of the blisk belongs to the international difficult problem.
At present, a common blisk processing method comprises a numerical control milling technology, because a blisk channel is of a special curved surface cavity structure, a traditional milling method adopts an end mill for layering side milling, the side mill is stressed by radial force, the overhanging amount of a cutter is lengthened along with the deepening of the milling depth of the channel, the rigidity of the cutter is poor, the cutter deforms, vibrates and is abraded seriously under the action of the radial force, and the processing efficiency is obviously reduced. The other machining method of the blisk is numerical control electrolytic machining, but the electrolytic machining has many influencing factors, high current requirement and poor machining stability and repeatability, particularly when a closed blisk part is machined, a blisk flow channel is complex in bending and difficult to machine, the problem of liquid flushing is difficult to solve, electrolyte and an electrolysis product need to be specially treated, and the environmental pollution is serious.
Therefore, the existing machining process is difficult to meet the requirements of efficient and low-cost manufacturing of blisk parts, and particularly in the rough machining stage, the machining process uses a plurality of cutter specifications and the cutters are seriously worn, so that the machining period is long, the machining efficiency is low, and the machining cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rough machining method for blisk parts, which can improve the machining efficiency of blisks, reduce the machining cost and realize the homogenization of blisk blade profile machining allowance.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rough machining method for blisk parts comprises the following steps:
dividing a to-be-processed area of the blisk to be processed;
carrying out layered cycloid grooving processing on the divided regions to be processed, and roughly finishing the opening of the flow channel;
and (3) carrying out semi-finish machining on the blade profile of the blisk layer by layer along the stacking axis direction of the blades after the runner is roughly machined by adopting contour line winding, and finishing rough machining of the blisk.
Preferably, in the dividing of the to-be-processed region of the blisk to be processed, the to-be-processed region is divided according to an angle, which specifically includes:
a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the center of a blisk as an original point, the blade stacking axis direction is taken as the z-axis direction, the blisk axial direction is taken as the x-axis direction, the blisk radial direction and the direction perpendicular to the z-axis direction are taken as the y-axis direction, and slotting is sequentially carried out in the directions of 0 degree, 180 degrees, 90 degrees and 270 degrees, wherein the positive direction of the x-axis is 0 degree, the positive direction of the y-axis is 90 degrees, the negative direction of the x-axis is 180 degrees, and the negative direction of the y-axis is 270 degrees.
Preferably, in the hierarchical cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined area, the hierarchical division standard is as follows:
and dividing the blade into a plurality of layers at equal intervals from the root part to the tip of the blisk along the stacking axis direction of the blade, and carrying out cycloidal slotting layer by layer.
Preferably, in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined areas, the machining depth of each layer is 5-10 mm.
Preferably, in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined area, a conical cutter is adopted for grooving machining.
Preferably, in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined area, the circular arc end of the conical cutter is used for feeding when feeding in the cycloid machining.
Preferably, in the process of carrying out layered cycloid grooving on the divided regions to be machined, a feed point of cycloid machining is arranged on one side of the air inlet edge of the blade.
Preferably, in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined areas, the layer distance and the cutting width of each layer are both 10 mm.
Preferably, in the step of performing semi-finishing layer by layer on the blade profile of the blisk after the rough opening of the runner by using contour windings along the stacking axis direction of the blades, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and the cutter processes the contour ring lines formed by all points at the same height in the stacking axis direction of the blades layer by layer.
Preferably, in the semi-finishing of the blade profile of the blisk after the rough opening of the flow channel by adopting contour line winding layer by layer along the blade stacking axis direction, the layer distance and the cutting width of each layer are both 2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a rough machining method of a blisk part, which is characterized in that during rough machining of the blisk, a layered cycloid milling mode is adopted to sequentially remove material allowance according to region division and layering, so that the abrasion speed of a cutter can be reduced to the maximum extent, the machining efficiency of the blisk part is improved, after the rough machining is finished, in order to ensure the uniformity of blades, a machining strategy of adopting contour line winding is designed, the blade profile of the blades is semi-finished layer by layer, the machining allowance of the blades is homogenized, the interference caused by overlarge allowance when the next layer is rough machined can be avoided, the machining quality is prevented from being influenced by prolonging of the machining period or overlarge allowance caused by allowance interference, the machining efficiency of the blades is improved while the machining quality of the blades is ensured, the machining period is shortened, and the machining cost is reduced.
Preferably, in the process of carrying out layered cycloid grooving on the divided regions to be machined, the circular arc end of the conical cutter is adopted for feeding during feeding in cycloid machining, and the feeding point of cycloid machining is arranged on one side of the air inlet edge of the blade, so that the cutter can be effectively prevented from being broken in the feeding process, the cutter damage speed is reduced, and the machining cost caused by cutter replacement is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of the first layer of the left runner rough machining of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of the first right runner rough machining of the present invention;
FIG. 1c is a schematic view of contour winding of a first layer of runners according to the present invention;
FIG. 1d is a schematic view of the first layer roughening finish of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the rough machining of the left flow channel of the second layer of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the second right channel rough machining of the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a schematic view of contour winding machining of a second laminar flow channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2d is a schematic view of the second layer roughening finish of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of rough machining of the left runner of the third layer of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of rough machining of the right runner of the third layer of the present invention;
FIG. 3c is a schematic view of contour winding of the third layer of the runner according to the present invention;
FIG. 3d is a schematic view of the third layer rough finish of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blisk coordinate system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided as examples to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a rough machining method for blisk parts, which comprises the following steps:
dividing a to-be-processed area of the blisk to be processed;
carrying out layered cycloid grooving processing on the divided regions to be processed, and roughly finishing the opening of the flow channel;
and (3) performing semi-finish machining on the blade profile of the blisk layer by layer along the blade stacking axis direction after the runner is coarsely machined by adopting contour line winding, and completing the roughing machining of the blisk.
Because the removal amount of rough machining materials of the slots accounts for about 90 percent in the manufacturing process of the existing blisk, an imported general five-coordinate machining center with high precision and high cost is used, even if an advanced plunge milling process technology is adopted, the rough machining of the slots still needs about 40-50 days, the consumed time is long, and the machining efficiency is low, the rough machining method of the blisk parts is designed, when the blisk is roughly machined, the material margins are sequentially removed by adopting a layered cycloid milling mode according to region division, the abrasion speed of a cutter can be reduced to the maximum extent, the machining efficiency of the blisk parts is improved, after the rough machining is finished, in order to ensure the uniformity of the blades, a machining strategy of contour line winding is designed, the blade profile is semi-finished layer by layer, the machining margins of the blades are uniform, and the interference caused by the excessive margins when the next layer is roughly machined can be avoided, and then avoided the surplus to interfere the processing cycle extension that leads to or the surplus influences processingquality, improve machining efficiency when guaranteeing blade processingquality, reduce the processing cycle, reduce the processing cost.
Wherein, in the blisk to be processed is divided into regions to be processed, the regions to be processed are divided according to angles, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 4, a rectangular coordinate system is established with the center of the blisk as an origin, and slotting is performed in the directions of 0 °, 180 °, 90 °, and 270 ° sequentially with the blade stacking axis direction as the z-axis direction, the blisk axial direction as the x-axis direction, and the blisk radial direction and the direction perpendicular to the z-axis direction as the y-axis direction, where the positive direction of the x-axis is 0 degree, the positive direction of the y-axis is 90 degrees, the negative direction of the x-axis is 180 degrees, and the negative direction of the y-axis is 270 degrees.
Preferably, in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined areas, the machining depth of each layer is 5-10 mm.
And in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided regions to be machined, a conical cutter is adopted for machining.
Preferably, in the process of carrying out layered cycloid grooving on the divided regions to be machined, the circular arc end of the conical cutter is adopted for feeding during feeding in cycloid machining, and the feeding point of cycloid machining is arranged on one side of the air inlet edge of the blade, so that the cutter can be effectively prevented from being broken in the feeding process, the cutter damage speed is reduced, and the machining cost caused by cutter replacement is reduced.
Preferably, in the hierarchical cycloid grooving process performed on the divided regions to be processed, the layer distance of each layer is as follows: 10mm, cut width: 10mm, and when planning a rough machining tool path, in order to improve the rough machining efficiency, a larger layer distance and a cutting width are adopted.
Preferably, in the step of performing semi-finishing on the blade profile of the blisk after the rough opening of the flow channel by using the contour winding layer by layer along the depth direction of the blade, the layer distance of each layer is as follows: 2mm, cut width: 2mm, and in the process of carrying out allowance homogenization, a smaller layer distance and a cutting width are adopted to ensure the processing quality of semi-finishing.
The roughing method for the blisk part according to the present invention is further explained below with reference to the following embodiments of removing material margins layer by layer in a blisk conical cutter cycloid milling manner and accompanying drawings, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
dividing a blade profile of a whole blade disc into a plurality of layers at equal intervals from a root part to a blade tip along the stacking axis direction of the blade, roughing the blade disc by adopting a conical cutter, performing cycloid milling roughing on the blade disc as shown in figure 1, performing semi-finishing on the blade profile by using contour line winding as shown in figure 1c after finishing the roughing on a left runner as shown in figure 1a and a right runner as shown in figure 1b, homogenizing the allowance, avoiding interference caused by too large allowance when the next layer is roughened, finishing the grooving of the first layer as shown in figure 1d, repeating the steps, sequentially processing the second layer, the third layer and the like layer by layer, and finally finishing the roughing of the runner of the first blade.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, a flow passage processing area of a blisk to be processed is divided according to angles, a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the center of the blisk as an original point, the stacking axis direction of blades is taken as the z-axis direction, the axial direction of the blisk is taken as the x-axis direction, and the radial direction of the blisk and the direction perpendicular to the z-axis direction are taken as the y-axis direction, as shown in fig. 4.
And step two, carrying out layered cycloid grooving processing on the divided regions to be processed, and processing by adopting a conical cutter, wherein the processing depth of each layer is 5-10 mm.
In this embodiment, the z-axis is taken as a rotation axis, the positive direction of the x-axis is 0 degree, the positive direction of the y-axis is 90 degrees, the negative direction of the x-axis is 180 degrees, and the negative direction of the y-axis is 270 degrees, and the slotting is sequentially performed in the directions of 0 °, 180 °, 90 °, and 270 °, the slotting position of the first flow channel is 0 °, after the slotting of the first flow channel is completed, the slotting of the second flow channel is performed in the direction of 180 °, and then the slotting of the third flow channel and the fourth flow channel is sequentially performed in the directions of 90 ° and 270 °.
The cycloid processing feed point of slotting processing in this embodiment sets up in blade inlet edge one side, adopts the circular arc end feed of conical cutter, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, 2a and 2b, 3a and 3b, carry out the rough machining sketch map of first layer fluting, second floor fluting and third layer fluting for the disc cone cutter cycloid milling mode respectively, when planning the rough machining tool path, adopt great layer distance and cut the width for raising efficiency, the layer distance that adopts in this embodiment is: 10mm, cut width: 10 mm.
And step three, after the rough opening of the flow channel is finished, in order to ensure the uniformity of the blade, performing semi-finish machining on the rough-opened blade profile layer by adopting contour line winding, homogenizing machining allowance, and simultaneously avoiding interference caused by overlarge allowance when the next layer is rough.
The contour line refers to a loop line formed by all points with equal z coordinates on the surface of the blade. Contour winding means that the tool is working around the contour. And after one layer is machined, increasing a layer distance for the z coordinate, wherein a circular line formed by all points with equal z coordinates on the surface of the blade is a contour line of the next layer, and machining by the cutter around the contour line of the next layer.
As shown in fig. 1c, 2c and 3c, which are schematic diagrams of homogenizing machining allowances of a first layer of machined material, a second layer of machined material and a third layer of machined material by a contour winding manner, when the allowances are homogenized, a smaller layer pitch and a smaller cutting width are adopted to ensure machining quality, and the layer pitch adopted in the embodiment is as follows: 2mm, cut width: 2 mm.
And step three, after the allowance is homogenized, finishing the semi-finishing of the whole blade profile, as shown in fig. 1d, 2d and 3d, respectively processing the first layer of processing material, the second layer of processing material and the third layer of processing material by adopting the rough machining method.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; the present invention may be readily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rough machining method for a blisk part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a to-be-processed area of the blisk to be processed;
carrying out layered cycloid grooving processing on the divided regions to be processed, and roughly finishing the opening of the flow channel;
and (3) performing semi-finish machining on the blade profile of the blisk layer by layer along the blade stacking axis direction after the runner is coarsely machined by adopting contour line winding, and completing the roughing machining of the blisk.
2. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 1, wherein in the dividing of the blisk to be machined into the regions to be machined, the regions to be machined are divided according to angles, and specifically, the dividing method comprises the following steps:
a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the center of a blisk as an original point, the blade stacking axis direction is taken as the z-axis direction, the blisk axial direction is taken as the x-axis direction, the blisk radial direction and the direction perpendicular to the z-axis direction are taken as the y-axis direction, and slotting is sequentially carried out in the directions of 0 degree, 180 degrees, 90 degrees and 270 degrees, wherein the positive direction of the x-axis is 0 degree, the positive direction of the y-axis is 90 degrees, the negative direction of the x-axis is 180 degrees, and the negative direction of the y-axis is 270 degrees.
3. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 1, wherein in the layered cycloidal grooving process for the divided regions to be processed, the layered division standard is as follows:
and dividing the blade into a plurality of layers at equal intervals from the root part to the tip of the blisk along the stacking axis direction of the blade, and carrying out cycloidal slotting layer by layer.
4. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 1, characterized in that in the layered cycloidal grooving process for the divided regions to be processed, the depth of each layer is 5-10 mm.
5. The method for roughing blisk parts according to claim 1, characterized in that in the layered cycloid grooving process of the divided regions to be processed, a conical cutter is adopted for grooving.
6. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 5, characterized in that in the layered cycloid grooving machining of the divided to-be-machined area, the circular arc end of a conical cutter is adopted for feeding in the cycloid machining.
7. The method for roughing blisk parts according to claim 1, characterized in that in the layered cycloid grooving process of the divided regions to be processed, the feed point of the cycloid process is arranged on the side of the air inlet edge of the blade.
8. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 1, wherein in the process of carrying out layered cycloidal grooving on the divided regions to be machined, the layer distance and the cutting width of each layer are 10 mm.
9. The roughing method for the blisk part according to claim 1, wherein in the semi-finishing step of the blade profile of the blisk after roughing the flow channel by using the contour coils in the blade stacking axis direction layer by layer, the method comprises the following steps:
and the cutter processes the contour ring lines formed by all points at the same height in the stacking axis direction of the blades layer by layer.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein in the semi-finishing of the blade profile of the blisk after roughing the flow channel with contour coils layer by layer along the stacking axis of the blade, the layer distance and the cut width of each layer are both 2 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210750883.2A CN115070126A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Roughing method for blisk part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210750883.2A CN115070126A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Roughing method for blisk part |
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| CN115070126A true CN115070126A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| CN202210750883.2A Pending CN115070126A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Roughing method for blisk part |
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- 2022-06-29 CN CN202210750883.2A patent/CN115070126A/en active Pending
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