CN115069663A - Three-in-one desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics and desalting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a trinity demineralizer who contains salt historical relic, includes: the first box body is used for accommodating cultural relics to be treated and carrying out high-low pressure environment and high-low pressure circulating water operation on the cultural relics; the second box body is used for providing deionized water for the first box body and regulating and controlling the pressure of the first box body; the third box body is used for discharging the deionized water in the first box body and regulating and balancing the pressure of the first box body; and a conductivity measuring unit for monitoring the conductivity of the solution in the first tank; wherein the air pressure range of the first box body is between-0.1 MPa and 0.5MPa at normal temperature. The invention also provides a desalting method of the three-in-one desalting device for the salt-containing cultural relics. The desalting device and the desalting method for the salt-containing cultural relics provided by the invention have the advantages that the problem of incomplete desalting inside the cultural relics caused by air hole embolism inside the salt-containing cultural relics can be solved, and the desalting efficiency and the desalting rate of the salt-containing fragile cultural relics can be improved in a controllable range.

Description

A trinity desalting device for salt-bearing cultural relics and its desalting method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultural relics protection, and in particular relates to a trinity desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics and a desalting method thereof.

Background technique

The splendid civilization of the Chinese nation for thousands of years has left us a lot of inorganic cultural relics such as stone and ceramics, as well as organic cultural relics such as silk, paper, lacquered wood and bamboo, which are the precious wealth of human beings. Non-renewable and priceless cultural heritage and historical resources. However, these precious historical relics are facing serious natural weathering or burial environmental impact, and are damaged by "powdering" caused by the crystallization of soluble salts such as sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, calcium chloride and sodium sulfate. For these damaged salt-containing artifacts, the removal of soluble salts inside is also imminent.

At present, the removal of soluble salts in cultural relics mainly includes soaking and boiling method and pulp wrapping method. The soaking and boiling method is mainly aimed at the cultural relics with relatively dense structure, especially the inorganic cultural relics such as stone and ceramic. The purpose of removing the soluble salt inside the sample is achieved by soaking and boiling and replacing the soaking liquid in ionized water; the pulp wrapping method mainly uses the capillary action of the pulp attached to the surface of the cultural relic to transfer the soluble salt from the interior of the utensil to the surface and Crystallization methods, these two methods remove salt quickly, but do not ensure complete removal of internal soluble salts.

Patent document CN203816966U discloses a non-destructive demineralization device for salt-containing cultural relics, including: a treatment box for accommodating the cultural relics to be treated; a deionized water supply unit for providing deionized water into the treatment box; An adjustment unit for the flow rate of ionized water; a conductivity measurement unit for monitoring the conductivity value of the solution in the treatment tank. The non-destructive desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics of the patent document can prevent the crystalline salt inside the cultural relic from damaging the pore walls of the cultural relic during the process of removing the soluble salt from the cultural relic, and has an excellent desalination effect.

However, the soluble salt solution enters into the fine and dense capillary pores of cultural relics under the burial environment. Under the atmospheric environmental conditions after unearthed, gas embolism occurs in the cultural relic samples, which will lead to the current conventional soluble salt removal technology. The desalination efficiency of the soluble salt solution inside the cultural relic is low.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics, which can remove gas embolism inside the cultural relic, and then completely dissolve the soluble salt crystals inside the cultural relic, so as to further improve the desalination efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a desalination device and a desalination method for salt-containing cultural relics, which can remove gas embolism inside the cultural relic, and then completely dissolve the soluble salt crystals inside the cultural relic to further improve the desalination efficiency.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a trinity desalination device for salt-containing cultural relics, comprising:

The first box is used for accommodating the cultural relics to be treated, and performing high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water operations on the cultural relics;

a second box body, used for providing deionized water to the first box body and regulating the pressure of the first box body;

a third tank for discharging deionized water in the first tank and regulating and balancing the pressure of the first tank; and

a conductivity measuring unit for monitoring the conductivity of the solution in the first tank;

Wherein, the pressure range of the first box is -0.1MPa to 0.5MPa under normal temperature conditions, which is specifically adjusted according to the texture of different cultural relics.

According to the present invention, the cultural relics to be demineralized are accommodated in the first box body, the first box body is first vacuumed to ensure that the air in the air holes in the cultural relics is removed, and then the air inside the first box body and the second box body is adjusted. When the pressure reaches a high pressure and is balanced, the deionized water in the second box is injected into the first box, and the deionized water in the first box floods the uppermost surface of the cultural relic to be treated, maintaining the high pressure inside the first box. After a certain period of time, the pressure inside the first box is adjusted to reach a low pressure state and maintained for a period of time. Then, the pressure inside the third box is controlled to be consistent with the pressure inside the first box, so that the high-salt solution in the first box enters the third box, and the pressure inside the third box is controlled to be consistent with the atmospheric pressure , to discharge the high-salt solution in the third tank. Repeat the above high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water treatment operation process, and monitor the change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank through the conductivity measurement unit, and monitor the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank. When the conductivity value of the ionized water is close, it can be determined that the soluble salt contained in the cultural relic has been basically completely removed, and the desalination can be completed at this time.

Using the three-in-one desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics of the present invention, on the basis of the existing desalting device, the high and low pressure environment of the cultural relic to be desalted can be regulated, the gas embolism in the cultural relic can be effectively removed, and the gas contained in the cultural relic can be completely dissolved. Soluble salt crystals, and the salt removal efficiency is greatly improved.

Preferably, the conductivity measuring unit includes a conductivity anode and a conductivity cathode disposed in the first box.

According to the present invention, the conductivity value of the solution in the first box can be effectively monitored by the conductivity anode and the conductivity cathode arranged in the first box.

Preferably, the first box further includes a stage for placing the cultural relics.

According to the present invention, in one embodiment, the object stage is an adjustable stage, through which the height of the cultural relics carried in the first box can be effectively adjusted.

Preferably, a pressurizer and a pressure reducer for regulating the pressure of the tanks are provided in the first tank, the second tank and the third tank.

According to the present invention, by arranging the pressurizer and the pressure reducer in the first tank, the second tank and the third tank, the pressure in the first tank, the second tank and the third tank can be effectively controlled.

Preferably, a deionized water conveying and discharging unit is further included in the first case, the second case and the third case, and the deionized water conveying and discharging unit includes connecting the first case, the second case and the second case. The box body and the third box body, and the deionized water pipeline, the waste water pipeline and the water outlet and water inlet switch running through the second box body and the third box body.

Preferably, the water inlet and outlet switches include a first water outlet switch for controlling the water outlet of the first tank, a first water inlet and outlet switch for controlling the water inlet and outlet of the deionized water pipeline located in the second box, and a The second water outlet switch is used to control the water outlet of the second tank, the second water inlet and outlet switches are used to control the water inlet and outlet of the waste water pipeline located in the third tank, and the third water outlet switch is used to control the water outlet of the third tank. Water outlet switch.

According to the present invention, by setting the deionized water conveying and discharging unit, the operation of high and low pressure circulating water of the high salt solution in the first tank can be effectively realized.

Preferably, a temperature controller for adjusting the temperature inside the first box and an ultrasonic oscillator for ultrasonically oscillating the cultural relic are also provided in the first box, so as to ensure that the deionized water can penetrated into the interior of the artifact.

According to the present invention, the desalination efficiency is further improved by arranging the temperature controller and the ultrasonic oscillator in the first box.

Preferably, the first box body, the second box body and the third box body are all pressure vessels made of salt corrosion-resistant stainless steel or plexiglass.

According to the present invention, the first case, the second case and the third case made of stainless steel or plexiglass which are resistant to salt corrosion will not be corroded by salt when the cultural relics are desalted, so that the use of the case can be improved. life.

In addition, the cultural relics that can be effectively demineralized in the present invention mainly include inorganic cultural relics such as movable stones and ceramics, and organic cultural relics with water resistance, and the soluble salts contained in the cultural relics mainly include sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, etc. , soluble salts such as calcium chloride and sodium sulfate.

In a second aspect, the present invention also provides the desalination method of the trinity desalination device of the above-mentioned salt-containing cultural relic, comprising the following steps:

The cultural relics to be desalted are accommodated in the first box body, and the first box body is first vacuumed to ensure that the air in the air holes in the cultural relics is discharged;

Make the pressure inside the first tank and the second tank reach a state of high pressure and balance, and then make the deionized water in the second tank enter the first tank, and the deionized water in the first tank is submerged to be treated the uppermost surface of the cultural relic;

After maintaining the high pressure inside the first box for a certain period of time, adjust the pressure inside the first box to a low pressure state, and keep it for a period of time;

Control the pressure inside the third tank to be consistent with the pressure inside the first tank, and make the high-salt solution in the first tank enter the third tank;

Control the pressure inside the third box to be consistent with the atmospheric pressure, and discharge the high-salt solution in the third box;

Repeat the above high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water treatment operation process;

The change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first box is monitored by the conductivity measuring unit. When the conductivity value of the solution in the first box is monitored and the conductivity value of the deionized water is close to that of the deionized water, it can be determined that the cultural relic contains Soluble salts have been substantially completely removed.

Preferably, it also includes the steps of performing constant temperature control in the first box and ultrasonically vibrating the cultural relic to be demineralized, so as to ensure that deionized water can penetrate into the cultural relic to be demineralized and further improve the demineralization efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The advantages of the salt-containing cultural relic desalination device and the salt-removing method provided by the invention are that it can solve the problem that the internal stoma of the salt-containing cultural relic is clogged and cause incomplete desalination inside the cultural relic, and ensure that the salt-containing cultural relic is improved within a controllable range. The desalination efficiency and desalination rate of the cultural relics are simple in technology and reliable in operation.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a desalination device for a salt-containing cultural relic related to the present invention.

Reference number:

1- The first box;

2- The second box;

3-The third box;

4- pressurizer;

5- pressure reducer;

6- Deionized water;

7- The first water outlet switch;

8- Deionized water pipeline;

9- temperature controller;

10- Ultrasonic oscillator;

11 - stage;

12- Cultural relics to be processed;

13-The first water inlet and outlet switch;

14-conductivity anode;

15 - conductivity cathode;

16- The second water outlet switch;

17- Waste water pipeline;

18-The second water inlet and outlet switch;

19-The third water outlet switch.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a trinity desalination device for salt-containing cultural relics, including a first box 1 , a second box 2 , and a third box 3 .

Specifically, the first box body 1 is used for accommodating the cultural relics 12 to be processed, and performing high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water operations on the cultural relics 12 . The second tank 2 is used for providing deionized water 6 to the first tank 1 and regulating the pressure of the first tank 1 . The third tank 3 is used to discharge the deionized water in the first tank 1 , and to regulate and balance the pressure of the first tank 1 . Wherein, the pressure range of the first box body 1 is -0.1MPa to 0.5MPa under normal temperature conditions, which is specifically adjusted according to the texture of different cultural relics.

The trinity desalination device for salt-containing cultural relics of the present invention further includes a conductivity measuring unit for monitoring the conductivity of the solution in the first box 1 .

According to the present invention, the cultural relics 12 to be desalted are accommodated in the first box body 1, and the first box body 1 is first vacuumed to ensure that the air in the air holes in the cultural relics 12 is removed; then the first box body 1 and the first box body 1 are adjusted. The pressure inside the second box 2 reaches a state of high pressure and balance, and the deionized water 6 in the second box 2 is injected into the first box 1, and the deionized water in the first box 1 floods the cultural relics 12 to be treated. On the uppermost surface, after maintaining the high pressure inside the first box 1 for a certain period of time, adjust the pressure inside the first box 1 to reach a low pressure state, and keep it for a period of time. Then, the pressure inside the third tank 3 is controlled to be consistent with the pressure inside the first tank 1, so that the high-salt solution in the first tank 1 enters the third tank 3, and the pressure inside the third tank 3 is controlled. The pressure is kept consistent with the atmospheric pressure, and the high-salt solution in the third tank 3 is discharged. Repeat the above high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water treatment operation process, and monitor the change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank 1 through the conductivity measuring unit, and monitor the conductivity of the solution in the first tank 1. When the conductivity value is close to the conductivity value of deionized water, it can be determined that the soluble salt contained in the cultural relic has been basically completely removed, and the salt removal can be completed at this time.

Using the three-in-one desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics of the present invention, on the basis of the existing desalting device, the high and low pressure environment of the cultural relic to be desalted can be regulated, the gas embolism in the cultural relic can be effectively removed, and the gas contained in the cultural relic can be completely dissolved. Soluble salt crystals, and the salt removal efficiency is greatly improved.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductivity measuring unit includes a conductivity anode 14 and a conductivity cathode 15 arranged in the first case 1 .

According to the present invention, the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank 1 can be effectively monitored by the conductivity anode 14 and the conductivity cathode 15 arranged in the first tank 1 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first box body 1 further includes a stage 11 for placing the cultural relics 12 .

According to the present invention, in one embodiment, the object stage 11 is an adjustable stage, through which the height of the cultural relics 12 carried in the first box body 1 can be effectively adjusted.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a pressurizer 4 and a pressure reducer 5 for regulating the pressure of the tanks are provided in the first tank 1 , the second tank 2 and the third tank 3 .

According to the present invention, by arranging the pressurizer 4 and the pressure reducer 5 in the first tank 1 , the second tank 2 and the third tank 3 , the first tank 1 , the second tank 2 and the pressure reducer 5 can be effectively controlled. The pressure in the third tank 3.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a deionized water conveying and discharging unit is further included in the first case 1, the second case 2 and the third case 3, and the deionized water conveying and discharging unit includes connecting the first case The box 1 , the second box 2 and the third box 3 , and the deionized water pipeline 8 , the waste water pipeline 17 and the water inlet and outlet switches that penetrate the second box 2 and the third box 3 .

Specifically, the water inlet and outlet switches include a first water outlet switch 7 for controlling the water outlet of the first tank 1 , and a first water inlet and outlet switch 13 for controlling the water inlet and outlet of the deionized water pipeline 8 located in the second box 2 . , the second water outlet switch 16 for controlling the water outlet of the second box 2, the second water inlet and outlet switches 18 for controlling the water inlet and outlet of the waste water pipeline 17 located in the third box 3, and the second water outlet switch 18 for controlling the water outlet of the third box 3 The third water outlet switch 19.

According to the present invention, by setting the deionized water conveying and discharging unit, the operation of high and low pressure circulating water of the high salt solution in the first tank 1 can be effectively realized.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a temperature controller 9 for adjusting the temperature inside the first box 1 and an ultrasonic oscillator 10 for ultrasonically oscillating the cultural relics 12 are further provided in the first box 1 , to ensure that deionized water can penetrate into the interior of the artifacts.

According to the present invention, by arranging the temperature controller 9 and the ultrasonic oscillator 10 in the first casing 1, the desalination efficiency is further improved.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first tank body 1 , the second tank body 2 and the third tank body 3 are all pressure vessels made of salt corrosion-resistant stainless steel or plexiglass.

According to the present invention, the first case body 1 , the second case body 2 and the third case body 3 made of stainless steel or plexiglass that are resistant to salt corrosion will not suffer from salt corrosion when the cultural relics are desalted, so that the box body can be improved. service life of the body.

In addition, the cultural relics that can be effectively demineralized in the present invention mainly include inorganic cultural relics such as movable stones and ceramics, and organic cultural relics with water resistance, and the soluble salts contained in the cultural relics mainly include sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, etc. , soluble salts such as calcium chloride and sodium sulfate.

The present invention also provides the desalination method of the trinity desalination device of the above-mentioned salt-containing cultural relics, comprising the following steps:

The cultural relics 12 to be desalted are accommodated in the first box body 1, and the first box body 1 is first vacuumed to ensure that the air in the air holes in the cultural relics 12 is discharged;

Make the pressure inside the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 reach a high pressure and balanced state, and then make the deionized water 6 in the second tank 2 enter the first tank 1, and the water in the first tank 1 Deionized water floods the uppermost surface of the cultural relic 12 to be treated;

After maintaining the high pressure inside the first box 1 for a certain period of time, adjust the pressure inside the first box 1 to a low pressure state, and keep it for a period of time;

Control the pressure inside the third tank 3 to be consistent with the pressure inside the first tank 1, and make the high-salt solution in the first tank 1 enter the third tank 3;

Control the pressure inside the third box 3 to be consistent with the atmospheric pressure, and discharge the high-salt solution in the third box 3;

Repeat the above high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water treatment operation process;

The change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank 1 is monitored by the conductivity measurement unit. When the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank 1 is monitored and the conductivity value of the deionized water is close to that of the deionized water, it can be determined as The soluble salts contained in the cultural relics have been basically completely removed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes the steps of performing constant temperature control in the first box body 1 and performing ultrasonic vibration on the cultural relics to be demineralized 12 to ensure that deionized water can penetrate into the cultural relics to be demineralized, thereby further improving the desalination process. efficiency.

Example 1:

The ceramic cultural relics 12 to be desalted are accommodated in the first box 1 , the first box 1 is vacuumed first, and the pressure inside the first box reaches -0.1MPa for 30 minutes to ensure the interior of the cultural relics 12 . Air exhaust from stomata. Then adjust the pressure inside the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 to slowly reach a high pressure of 0.2MPa and maintain a balanced state, inject the deionized water 6 in the second tank 2 into the first tank 1, and the first tank The deionized water in 1 submerges the uppermost surface of the cultural relic 12 to be treated, and the temperature controller 9 that can be used for temperature adjustment is turned on to adjust the temperature to 40° C. At the same time, the ultrasonic oscillator 10 for ultrasonically oscillating the cultural relic 12 is turned on, so as to adjust the temperature to 40°C. Make sure that the deionized water can penetrate into the artifact efficiently.

After maintaining the high pressure inside the first box body 1 for 30 minutes, adjust the pressure inside the first box body 1 to a low pressure state of -0.1 MPa, and keep it for 30 minutes. Control the pressure inside the third tank 3 to be consistent with the pressure inside the first tank 1, and make the high-salt solution in the first tank 1 enter the third tank 3, and control the pressure inside the third tank 3 Consistent with the atmospheric pressure, the high-salt solution in the third tank 3 is discharged. Repeat the above high and low pressure environment and high and low pressure circulating water treatment operation process, and monitor the change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first tank 1 through the conductivity measuring unit, and monitor the conductivity of the solution in the first tank 1. When the conductivity value is close to the conductivity value of deionized water, it can be determined that the soluble salt contained in the cultural relic has been basically completely removed, and the salt removal can be completed at this time.

The advantages of the salt-containing cultural relic desalination device and the salt-removing method provided by the invention are that it can solve the problem that the internal stoma of the salt-containing cultural relic is clogged and cause incomplete desalination inside the cultural relic, and ensure that the salt-containing cultural relic is improved within a controllable range. The desalination efficiency and desalination rate of the cultural relics are simple in technology and reliable in operation.

The present invention can be embodied in various forms without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments in the present invention are for illustration rather than limitation, since the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the description. , and all changes that come within the scope defined by the claims, or equivalents to the scope defined by the claims, should be construed as being included in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a trinity demineralizer who contains salt historical relic which characterized in that includes:

the first box body is used for accommodating cultural relics to be treated and carrying out high-low pressure environment and high-low pressure circulating water operation on the cultural relics;

the second box body is used for providing deionized water for the first box body and regulating and controlling the pressure of the first box body;

the third box body is used for discharging the deionized water in the first box body and regulating and balancing the pressure of the first box body; and

the conductivity measuring unit is used for monitoring the conductivity of the solution in the first box body;

wherein the air pressure range of the first box body is between-0.1 MPa and 0.5MPa at normal temperature.

2. The triple-function desalination apparatus of salt-containing cultural relics according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity measuring unit comprises a conductivity anode and a conductivity cathode which are arranged in the first box body.

3. The triple-function desalination apparatus for salt-containing cultural relics according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the first box body further comprises a stage for placing the cultural relics.

4. The trinity desalination device of salt-containing cultural relics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pressurizer and a decompressor for regulating and controlling the pressure of the box are arranged in the first box, the second box and the third box.

5. The triune desalting device for salt-containing cultural relics of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a deionized water conveying and discharging unit is further comprised in the first, second and third tanks, and the deionized water conveying and discharging unit comprises a deionized water pipeline, a waste water pipeline and a water outlet and inlet switch which are connected with the first, second and third tanks and penetrate through the second and third tanks.

6. The trinity demineralizer of salt historical relic of claim 5, characterized in that, go out water income switch including be used for controlling the first box go out water first go out water switch, be used for controlling the deionized water pipeline that is located in the second box go in and out water first go out water switch, be used for controlling the second box go out water second go out water switch, be used for controlling the waste water pipeline that is located in the third box go out water second go in and out water switch and be used for controlling the third box go out water third go out water switch.

7. The device for removing salt from salt-containing cultural relics in three-in-one manner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a temperature controller for adjusting the temperature inside the first box body and an ultrasonic oscillator for ultrasonically oscillating the cultural relics are further arranged in the first box body, so that deionized water can be ensured to permeate into the cultural relics.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first, second and third tanks are pressure vessels made of stainless steel or plexiglass resistant to salt corrosion.

9. The desalination method of a trinity desalination apparatus for salt-containing cultural relics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the following steps:

accommodating cultural relics to be desalted in a first box body, and vacuumizing the first box body to ensure that air in air holes in the cultural relics is exhausted;

the pressure in the first box body and the second box body reaches a high-pressure and balanced state, then the deionized water in the second box body enters the first box body, and the deionized water in the first box body submerges the uppermost surface of the cultural relic to be treated;

after keeping the high pressure in the first box body for a certain time, adjusting the pressure in the first box body to reach a low pressure state, and keeping for a period of time;

controlling the pressure in the third box body to be consistent with the pressure in the first box body, and enabling the high-salt solution in the first box body to enter the third box body;

controlling the pressure in the third box body to be consistent with the atmospheric pressure, and discharging the high-salt solution in the third box body;

repeating the above high-low pressure environment and high-low pressure circulating water treatment operation flow;

and monitoring the change of the conductivity value of the solution in the first box body through a conductivity measuring unit, and judging that the soluble salt contained in the cultural relic is basically and completely removed when the conductivity value of the solution in the first box body is close to the conductivity value of the deionized water.

10. The desalination method of the trinity desalination device for salt-containing cultural relics as claimed in claim 9, which further comprises the steps of carrying out thermostatic control and ultrasonic oscillation on the cultural relics to be desalinated in the first box body so as to ensure that the deionized water can permeate into the cultural relics to be desalinated.

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