CN115069416B - Electrostatic dust collector and air purifier - Google Patents

Electrostatic dust collector and air purifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115069416B
CN115069416B CN202210499113.5A CN202210499113A CN115069416B CN 115069416 B CN115069416 B CN 115069416B CN 202210499113 A CN202210499113 A CN 202210499113A CN 115069416 B CN115069416 B CN 115069416B
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China
Prior art keywords
dust
component
purifying
electrode plates
electrostatic precipitator
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CN202210499113.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115069416A (en
Inventor
胡露
封宗瑜
聂李慧
张述文
肖德玲
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to CN202210499113.5A priority Critical patent/CN115069416B/en
Publication of CN115069416A publication Critical patent/CN115069416A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/011Prefiltering; Flow controlling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68Control systems therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/30Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ionisation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/40Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ozonisation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

Abstract

The invention provides an electrostatic dust collection device and an air purifier, wherein the device comprises a purification mechanism with at least one purification component, the purification component can charge dust and adsorb the dust on the inner wall of the purification component, the outer wall of the purification component is wrapped with a dielectric layer capable of inhibiting back corona, the device also comprises a dust removal component, the dust removal component is provided with a plurality of electrode plates embedded in the dielectric layer, the electrode plates are arranged in parallel, and any two adjacent electrode plates can form a pair of electrodes with opposite positive and negative polarities, so that the dust adsorbed by the purification component falls off. According to the technical scheme, back corona can be restrained, the occurrence of secondary dust emission phenomenon is reduced, the dust collection effect is improved, the ash removal component can form coplanar discharge, the ash removal operation of the purification component is finished on the premise that the purification component is not detached, and meanwhile, the ash removal component is embedded in the medium layer, so that the electrode plate of the ash removal component can be effectively prevented from being oxidized or corroded by discharge.

Description

Electrostatic dust collector and air purifier
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air purification, in particular to an electrostatic dust collection device and an air purifier.
Background
At present, people are in the room for most of time, so that the quality of the indoor environment has an important influence on the health of people, and therefore, the air purifier is required by people; the prior air purifier is mainly divided into a filtering type air purifier and an electrostatic type air purifier, and the electrostatic type air purifier has the advantages of no consumable, small wind resistance, low noise, bacteria removal and the like, is more and more valued, but has poor discharge stability, and electrode plate dust accumulation is serious after long-time use, so that the problems of ignition, electrode corrosion and the like are caused, and even safety problems can be caused when serious, so that the electrode plate needs to be cleaned timely, the electrode plate needs to be replaced periodically by the cleaning method commonly used at present, and the electrode plate needs to be detached when replaced, namely, the operation is troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem among the above-mentioned prior art, this application provides an electrostatic precipitator device and air purifier, need not to dismantle the electrode plate and can clean dust and the particulate matter of its deposit.
The invention relates to an electrostatic dust collection device, which comprises a purification mechanism with at least one purification component, wherein the purification component can charge dust and adsorb the dust on the inner wall of the purification component, and a dielectric layer capable of inhibiting back corona is wrapped on the outer wall of the purification component.
In one embodiment, the dielectric layer is made of a material with breakdown field strength of 0-40 kV/cm.
In one embodiment, the dust removing device further comprises a dust removing component, the dust removing component is provided with a plurality of electrode plates embedded in the medium layer, the electrode plates are arranged in parallel, and any two adjacent electrode plates can form a pair of electrodes with opposite positive and negative polarities, so that dust adsorbed by the purifying component falls off. Through this embodiment, two adjacent electrode plates constitute the opposite paired electrode of positive and negative polarity, make the medium surface between high-voltage electrode and the earth electrode produce many wire-like discharge passageway promptly when the circular telegram, form coplanar discharge, the plasma that coplanar dielectric barrier discharge produced produces effective pneumatic excitation under the effect of electric field force, lead to pressure variation, and then make the dust that purifying assembly adsorbed drop, so as to can not dismantle purifying assembly's under the condition to carry out the deashing to it, inlay the electrode plate and establish electrode plate in the medium layer simultaneously and can also effectively avoid electrode plate discharge oxidation and corruption, improve the life of deashing assembly.
In an embodiment, purifying mechanism includes a plurality of purifying component, a plurality of purifying component closely arranges into dense structure, through this embodiment, can effectively save space, improves purifying mechanism's dust removal efficiency.
In one embodiment, the purifying component comprises a metal sleeve and a discharging part arranged in the metal sleeve, the inner wall of the metal sleeve is used as the inner wall of the purifying component, the discharging part is connected with an external high-voltage direct-current power supply, the discharging part is connected with the high-voltage direct-current power supply, the metal sleeve is sleeved outside the discharging part and used as a grounding electrode, dust such as bacteria, PM2.5 and the like is ionized and charged when passing through the metal sleeve, and then the charged dust is separated from air flow under the action of an electric field and moves towards the inner wall of the metal sleeve used as the grounding electrode and is kept on the inner wall so as to remove the dust in the air.
In one embodiment, the electrode plate has a width of 5 to 15mm.
In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent electrode plates is 0.5-3 mm.
In one embodiment, the purifying device further comprises a current detection component which forms a current loop with the purifying component, and the current detection component can judge and output a corresponding control signal according to the magnitude of loop current; through this embodiment, because when the dust of deposit is too much on the metal sleeve inner wall, the resistance of the metal sleeve that is the electrode plate reduces promptly, and then return circuit current increases, and whether the current detection subassembly judges according to the size of return circuit current and need carry out the deashing to the metal sleeve, and then output warning signal to remind the staff to carry out the deashing operation or output start signal, start the deashing subassembly and carry out the deashing operation.
The invention also provides an air purifier, which comprises the electrostatic dust collection device.
The above-described features may be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the electrostatic dust collection device and the air purifier provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) A dielectric layer is wrapped on the metal sleeve as the dust collection barrel, so that the problem that spark breakdown is easy to form when the voltage is increased by direct current corona can be solved, back corona can be restrained, secondary dust emission is reduced, and dust collection effect is improved.
(2) The ash removal component encapsulated in the medium layer can generate a plurality of wire-shaped discharge channels to form coplanar discharge, so that ash removal operation of the purification component is completed on the premise of not disassembling the purification component, and meanwhile, the ash removal component is embedded in the medium layer, so that electrode plate discharge oxidation or corrosion of the ash removal component can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the ash removal component is prolonged.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which an ash removal component according to an embodiment of the invention is embedded in a dielectric layer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an air cleaner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals. The figures are not to scale.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a discharge part, a metal sleeve, a medium layer, a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode, a fan, an ozone reduction net, a purifying mechanism and a primary filter screen, wherein the discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the discharge part, the metal sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the discharge part, the medium layer is arranged at the bottom of the discharge part, the high-voltage electrode is arranged at the bottom of the discharge part, the metal sleeve, the medium layer is arranged at the bottom of the discharge part, the high-voltage electrode is arranged at the high-voltage electrode, the high-voltage electrode is arranged at the high-voltage.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Because the high specific resistance dust charges are not easy to release after more dust is deposited on the inner wall of the metal sleeve, the dust with subsequent charges is discharged, namely back corona phenomenon is easy to generate, secondary dust emission is caused, and the dust collection effect is affected.
The invention provides an electrostatic dust collection device which comprises a purifying mechanism 8 provided with at least one purifying component, wherein the purifying component can charge dust and adsorb the dust on the inner wall of the purifying component, and a dielectric layer 3 capable of inhibiting back corona is wrapped on the outer wall of the purifying component.
As shown in fig. 1, the purifying assembly includes a discharging part 1 and a metal sleeve 2 sleeved outside the discharging part 1, the discharging part 1 is connected with an external high-voltage direct current power supply, the metal sleeve 2 is used as a dust collecting cylinder, that is, dust such as bacteria, PM2.5 and the like is ionized by the discharging part 1 when passing through the purifying assembly and then charged dust is separated from air flow under the action of an electric field, moves towards the inner wall of the metal sleeve 2 serving as a grounding electrode and is kept on the inner wall of the metal sleeve.
Specifically, the dielectric layer 3 is wrapped on the metal sleeve 2, the dielectric layer 3 is made of a dielectric material with breakdown field strength of 0-40kV/cm, and in the embodiment, the dielectric layer 3 is made of polyimide.
Specifically, since the charged dust is deposited on the metal sleeve 2 as the dust collecting barrel, the charges are not easy to release, and as the dust layer is thickened, the charges are more difficult to release, on one hand, since the dust layer fails to release all the charges, the surface of the dust layer still has the same polarity of corona electrode, and the subsequent charged dust is repelled; on the other hand, because the charge of the dust layer is released slowly, a larger potential gradient is easy to form between the dust, and when the electric field intensity in the dust layer is larger than the critical value, local breakdown is generated between the pores of the dust layer, namely positive ions with the polarity opposite to that of a corona polar plate are generated, the generated ions move to the corona polar plate, negatively charged particles in the corona region are neutralized, and as a result, the current is increased, the voltage is reduced, and secondary dust flying is serious; the medium layer 3 is provided with a layer of charges with the same voltage polarity, positive charges are formed at the medium layer, the electric polarity of dust charge in a main migration area of corona discharge is positive charges, and according to the principle of repulsion of like charges, the positively charged dust is repelled from the surface of the positively charged medium, so that the dust is not easy to accumulate on the surface of the medium to generate secondary dust, namely, back corona phenomenon is restrained, and the occurrence of the secondary dust phenomenon is reduced.
Further, when the voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage, the voltage difference between the two electrodes of the discharging part 1 and the metal sleeve 2 is basically zero, the circuit is regarded as conducting, the current is instantaneously increased, dust is not influenced by the electric field force, namely the purifying effect disappears, a certain amount of charges can be accumulated on the dielectric layer 3 due to the fact that electrons, ions and the like are respectively accumulated in the anode and cathode moving process driven by the external voltage, an internal electric field opposite to the external voltage is formed, the total field intensity at a discharging gap is reduced, the electric field generated by the charges accumulated on the insulating dielectric layer 3 can also serve as a part of the external electric field for next discharging, and the external breakdown voltage required by a gas medium is reduced, so that the discharging can be realized under the voltage smaller than that of the direct-current corona, namely the arranged dielectric layer 3, the discharging can be realized without needing larger voltage, and the problem of direct-current corona spark breakdown is avoided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the electrostatic dust collection device further includes a dust collection component, the dust collection component is embedded in the medium layer 3, the dust collection component includes a plurality of electrode plates arranged in parallel, any two adjacent electrode plates can form paired electrodes with opposite positive and negative polarities, so that dust absorbed by the purification component falls off, two adjacent electrode plates form paired electrodes with opposite positive and negative polarities, one electrode plate serves as a high-voltage electrode 4, one electrode plate adjacent to the high-voltage electrode serves as a grounding motor 5, namely, when the power is applied, a plurality of wire-shaped discharge channels are formed on the surface of the medium between the high-voltage electrode 4 and the grounding electrode 5, coplanar discharge is formed, plasma generated by the coplanar discharge directly acts on the dust, so that the dust in an adsorption state is broken down and converted into small dust, and then the dust absorbed by the purification component falls off, so that the dust absorbed by the purification component can be removed under the condition that the electrode plates of the purification component are not dismounted, and meanwhile, the dust collection component is embedded in the medium layer 3, so that the service life of the dust collection component can be effectively avoided due to oxidation or corrosion of the electrode plates of the dust collection component.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of electrode plates each extend in the axial direction of the metal sleeve 2; the plurality of electrode plates can also extend along the circumferential direction of the metal sleeve 2, namely the plurality of electrode plates sequentially encircle the metal sleeve 2 in parallel along the axial direction of the metal sleeve 2;
further, copper plates may be used as the electrode plates, and the electrode plates may be rectangular, wavy or otherwise shaped.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the effect of coplanar discharge, that is, the ash cleaning effect of the ash cleaning component, the inventor researches and discovers that when the distance between two adjacent electrode plates is controlled between 0.5 and 3mm and the width of the electrode plates is controlled between 5 and 15mm, the ash cleaning effect of the ash cleaning component is better and the state is stable.
In one embodiment, the purifying mechanism 8 comprises a plurality of purifying components, the plurality of purifying components are closely arranged to form a dense structure, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the purifying components is of a circular structure, and the plurality of purifying components can form a cylindrical structure which is closely arranged around one of the purifying components, i.e. the space can be effectively saved, the volume of the purifying mechanism 8 is reduced, and meanwhile, the dust removing effect of the purifying mechanism 8 is ensured, i.e. the dust removing efficiency of the purifying mechanism is improved.
In one embodiment, the cleaning device further comprises a current detection component forming a current loop with the cleaning component, wherein the current detection component can judge and output a corresponding control signal according to the magnitude of the loop current, and when dust deposited on the inner wall of the metal sleeve 2 is excessive, namely, the resistance of the metal sleeve 2 serving as an electrode plate is reduced, the loop current is increased, and the current detection component judges whether the metal sleeve 2 needs to be cleaned according to the magnitude of the loop current, so that the control signal is output.
Specifically, the control signal may be a reminding signal for reminding a worker to perform ash removal operation; the control signal can also be a starting signal to directly start the ash cleaning component to carry out ash cleaning operation.
In one embodiment, the dust removing device further comprises an auxiliary dust removing component which is arranged on the metal sleeve 2 and can generate shock waves to shake dust in the metal sleeve 2, so that the dust removing effect of the purifying component is further improved.
The invention also provides an air purifier which comprises the electrostatic dust collection device.
In one embodiment, the air purifier further comprises a blower 6 and an ozone reduction net 7, the blower 6 pumps air nearby into the air purifier, when the air firstly passes through the purifying mechanism 8, particles such as bacteria, PM2.5 and the like in the air are charged in a plasma area, then the metal sleeve 2 adsorbs the charged particles and bacterial debris, and residual ozone in the purifying process is reduced into fresh air through the ozone reduction net 7.
In one embodiment, the air inlet end of the purifying mechanism 8 is further provided with a primary filter screen 9, so that the drawn hair, human and animal dander, large particles and the like can be filtered through the primary filter screen 9.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "bottom," "top," "front," "rear," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. An electrostatic precipitator, characterized in that it comprises a purifying mechanism having at least one purifying component, said purifying component is capable of charging dust and adsorbing said dust onto its inner wall, said purifying component is coated with a dielectric layer capable of suppressing back corona on its outer wall;
the electrostatic dust collector further comprises a dust removing component, the dust removing component is provided with a plurality of electrode plates embedded in the medium layer, the electrode plates are arranged in parallel, and any two adjacent electrode plates can form a pair of electrodes with opposite positive and negative polarities, so that dust adsorbed by the purifying component falls off.
2. The electrostatic precipitator device according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is made of a material having a breakdown field strength of 0-40 kV/cm.
3. An electrostatic precipitator device according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the scrubbing means comprises a plurality of the scrubbing elements closely spaced in a dense arrangement.
4. An electrostatic precipitator device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the cleaning assembly comprises a metal sleeve and a discharge member arranged within the metal sleeve, the inner wall of the metal sleeve being the inner wall of the cleaning assembly, the discharge member being connected to an external high voltage dc power supply.
5. The electrostatic precipitator device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode plate has a width of 5 to 15mm.
6. An electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 or claim 5, in which the spacing between adjacent two of the electrode plates is in the range 0.5 to 3mm.
7. The electrostatic precipitator device according to claim 1, further comprising a current detection assembly forming a current loop with the purifying assembly, wherein the current detection assembly is capable of determining and outputting a corresponding control signal according to the magnitude of the loop current to control the opening and closing of the ash removal assembly.
8. An air cleaner comprising an electrostatic precipitator device according to any one of claims 1-7.
CN202210499113.5A 2022-05-09 2022-05-09 Electrostatic dust collector and air purifier Active CN115069416B (en)

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CN106823782A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-06-13 北京科技大学 A kind of anti-poisoning catalytic reaction system of low-temperature denitration of flue gas

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