CN115065862B - Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents

Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115065862B
CN115065862B CN202210638246.6A CN202210638246A CN115065862B CN 115065862 B CN115065862 B CN 115065862B CN 202210638246 A CN202210638246 A CN 202210638246A CN 115065862 B CN115065862 B CN 115065862B
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data acquisition
video
video data
data
pcdn
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CN115065862A (en
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周炳
冯涛
杨佑平
康浩
郭峰
杨胜
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Beijing Dajia Internet Information Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Dajia Internet Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a video data acquisition method, a device, equipment and a medium, wherein the video data acquisition method comprises the following steps: acquiring pre-loading information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, wherein the video data are video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents acquisition conditions of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video are acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; selectively acquiring the video data using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information; and sending the acquired video data to the player for playing. According to the video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium, the video playing experience is considered, and meanwhile, the bandwidth is effectively saved.

Description

Video data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of streaming media technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for acquiring video data.
Background
Thanks to the widespread use of streaming media technology, a client does not need to download the entire video file before playing the video, but continuously receives the remainder of the video stream while playing the video data already downloaded in the buffer. In this process, the playing experience of the video (such as the first screen loading time, the click-through rate, or the success rate of the play) is commonly affected by the client, the server, and the network.
The downloading component is configured to request data from the server, receive the data from the server, e.g., after receiving the data request from the player, request the data from the server, receive the data returned from the server, and return the received data to the player, which is an important variable that affects the video playing experience of the client. How to better control the start and exit of the downloading component so as to give consideration to the playing experience of the video and the bandwidth cost of video playing is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a video data acquisition method, apparatus, device, and medium to solve at least the above-mentioned problems in the related art.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a video data acquisition method, including: acquiring pre-loading information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, wherein the video data are video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents acquisition conditions of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video are acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information; and sending the acquired video data to the player.
Optionally, the preloaded information is generated by: responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in the first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of the second video; and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
Optionally, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a node check code and a number of network nodes related to the first data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the acquiring the video data according to the data acquisition information using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode includes: acquiring the video data by using the first data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and the node check code exist; and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check code are not present.
Optionally, the method further comprises: in the case where the video data is acquired using the first data acquisition means, the video data is kept acquired using the first data acquisition means.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode.
Optionally, after the acquiring the video data using the second data acquisition mode, the method further includes: updating the pre-load information.
Optionally, the updating the preloading information includes: updating at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a video data acquisition apparatus including: a preload information acquiring unit configured to: acquiring pre-loading information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, wherein the video data are video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents acquisition conditions of partial video data of the first video, and the partial video data of the first video are acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode; a video data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information; a video data transmission unit configured to: and sending the acquired video data to the player.
Optionally, the preloaded information is generated by: responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in the first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of the second video; and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
Optionally, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a node check code and a number of network nodes related to the first data acquisition mode.
Optionally, the video data acquisition unit may be configured to acquire the video data using the first data acquisition mode in the presence of both the number of network nodes and a node check code; and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check code are not present.
Optionally, the video data acquisition unit may be further configured to keep acquiring the video data using the first data acquisition mode, in a case where the video data is acquired using the first data acquisition mode.
Alternatively, the video data acquisition unit may be further configured to acquire the video data using the second data acquisition means in a case where the video data is not acquired using the first data acquisition means.
Optionally, the video data acquisition apparatus further includes a preload information update unit, and the preload information update unit may be configured to update the preload information.
Optionally, the pre-load information updating unit may be configured to update at least one of the number of network nodes and a node check code related to the first data acquisition mode.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
According to a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product in which instructions are executable by a processor of a computer device to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure at least brings the following beneficial effects:
according to the video data acquisition method, the device, the equipment and the medium, partial video data is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the preloaded information is generated according to the acquisition condition of the partial video data, so that the video data can be acquired by selectively using the first data acquisition mode or the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information in the preloaded information.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a CDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a PCDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a video download process in the related art.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another video download process in the related art.
Fig. 5 is an overall schematic diagram illustrating a video data acquisition process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a generation process of preloaded information according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a video-on-demand flow according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a video data acquisition apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present disclosure and in the foregoing figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein may be capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the examples below are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.
It should be noted that, in this disclosure, "at least one of the items" refers to a case where three types of juxtaposition including "any one of the items", "a combination of any of the items", "an entirety of the items" are included. For example, "including at least one of a and B" includes three cases side by side as follows: (1) comprises A; (2) comprising B; (3) includes A and B. For example, "at least one of the first and second steps is executed", that is, three cases are juxtaposed as follows: (1) performing step one; (2) executing the second step; (3) executing the first step and the second step.
The downloading component of the client comprises a CDN (Content Delivery Network ) downloading component and a PCDN (P2P CDN) downloading component, wherein when video data is downloaded, the CDN downloading component only requests data from a CDN node, and the PCDN downloading component requests data from the PCDN node or the CDN node. In particular, a CDN is a system that includes components such as distributed storage, load balancing, redirection of network requests, and content management, which is capable of distributing content resources from an internet data center (Internet Data Center, IDC) to network edge nodes (servers) that are closer to (or otherwise) the user, redirecting user access requests to the edge network nodes using its load balancing technique, reducing the response time of the access, and relieving the backbone network of stress. A CDN network is mainly composed of edge network nodes. Based on CDN, PCDN is integrated with P2P (Peer-To-Peer, a network structure of point-To-point transmission) technology, and a content distribution network is constructed by mining and utilizing the massive fragmented idle resources of the edge network. One PCDN architecture is to establish a P2P network between edge servers, i.e., connect edge CDN nodes together in a P2P manner to reduce the load on the center CDN node. Compared with CDNs, PCDN has the characteristics of low bandwidth cost and large capacity, is suitable for service scenes such as on-demand, live broadcast, large file download and the like, but the quality (performance or stability) of the network content service provided by the PCDN is inferior to that of CDNs. The architecture of the CDN download component and the PCDN download component can be seen with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a CDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the CDN download component mainly includes a CDN download library. In the video playing process, after receiving a video playing request of a player, the CDN download library requests video data from CDN nodes and submits the video data received from the CDN nodes to the player for playing.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a PCDN download component architecture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, the PCDN download component includes a CDN download library, a PCDN download library, and a CDN/PCDN download scheduler. In the video playing process, after receiving a video playing request of a player, a CDN/PCDN dispatcher decides whether to carry out video downloading through a CDN downloading library or a PCDN downloading library according to factors such as a buffer area state of the player, wherein if the decision is made to carry out video downloading through the CDN downloading library, the CDN downloading library requests data from CDN nodes and submits video data received from the CDN nodes to the CDN/PCDN dispatcher, if the decision is made to carry out video downloading through the PCDN downloading library, the CDN/PCDN dispatcher requests data from the PCDN nodes and submits video data received from the PCDN nodes to the CDN/PCDN dispatcher, and the CDN/PCDN dispatcher submits video data obtained by downloading to the player for playing.
Since video data is available from the PCDN node, the PCDN download component has a lower bandwidth cost than the CDN download component, but at the same time increases CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead. Here, the CDN/PCDN overhead includes CPU (Central Processing Unit ) overhead consumed by the CDN/PCDN scheduler itself, and also includes retry time overhead for re-requesting video data through the CDN after a failure to download video data through the PCDN. The CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead may affect video playing parameters, such as, but not limited to, a first screen loading time (a time from a player loading to a first frame rendering), a playing success rate, a click-through rate, and the like, resulting in a poor video playing experience.
There are mainly two video download schemes in the related art, and an exemplary description will be made with reference to fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a video download process in the related art.
Referring to fig. 3, the video playing file is illustratively divided into four data blocks, each of which is downloaded through a CDN downloading component, that is, the CDN downloading component is always used to download video data during the video playing process, and the video playing of the scheme has good experience but high bandwidth cost.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another video download process in the related art.
Referring to fig. 4, the video play file is also exemplarily divided into four data blocks, each of which is downloaded through the PCDN downloading component, that is, the PCDN downloading component is always used to download video data during the video play, which has low bandwidth cost, but has poor video play experience due to CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead. Although the CPU overhead consumed by the CDN/PCDN scheduler itself may be reduced by other methods or the CDN retry time consumption may be reduced by improving the decision accuracy of the CDN/PCDN scheduler to reduce the CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead, the remaining undegraded CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead has a relatively limited reduction in the CDN/PCDN scheduling overhead, which has a relatively large impact on certain playing parameters (such as the first screen loading time and the playing success rate), resulting in still poor video playing experience.
In order to take account of the video playing experience and the bandwidth cost of video playing, the disclosure proposes a video data acquisition method, a device, equipment and a medium, specifically, a part of video data is acquired in advance through a first data acquisition mode (for example, the video data is acquired through a peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN downloading component), and preloaded information is generated, so that the video data can be acquired by selectively using the first data acquisition mode or a second data acquisition mode (for example, the video data is acquired through a content distribution network CDN downloading component) according to the data acquisition information in the preloaded information, and because the two data acquisition modes have different characteristics (for example, the bandwidth cost of acquiring the video data through the peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN downloading component is lower, but the video playing parameters may be affected, the video playing experience is poor, and the video playing experience of the video data is acquired through the content distribution network CDN downloading component is good, but the bandwidth cost is high), so that the bandwidth can be effectively saved while taking account of the video playing experience. Hereinafter, a video data acquisition method, apparatus, device, and medium according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5 to 10.
Fig. 5 is an overall schematic diagram illustrating a video data acquisition process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, the video data acquisition procedure involves the application of two data acquisition modes, wherein the first data acquisition mode is video data acquisition through a peer-to-peer content delivery network PCDN download component (the architecture of which may be shown in fig. 2, for example), and the second data acquisition mode is video data acquisition through a content delivery network CDN download component (the architecture of which may be shown in fig. 1, for example).
Referring to fig. 5, for two videos a and B that are continuously played, video B may be preloaded (i.e., part of the video data of video B is downloaded in advance) during the on-demand phase of video a. In one example, since the PCDN downloading component involves the use of a PCDN repository, and the bandwidth cost of acquiring video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository is lower, the PCDN downloading component downloads a portion of video data of the video B in advance, and generates preloaded information of the video B according to the acquisition situation of the portion of video data of the video B (for example, whether the portion of video data can be successfully downloaded to the video B through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, the size of the buffered portion of video data, the PCDN network downlink speed, etc.), so as to guide the data acquisition manner of the video B in the on-demand stage. In one example, the start-play data of the video B is downloaded in advance, and the start-play data is video data within a period of time from the video start time, for example, the first frame of the video B or the previous frames of video data starting from the first frame, and the size of the start-play data downloaded in advance may be determined as the case may be (e.g., the current network condition, the buffer size of the player, etc.).
In the video-on-demand stage of the video B, the player plays partial video data downloaded in advance of the video B, requests subsequent video data to the downloading component layer, reads pre-loading information after the downloading component layer receives the request, and starts the PCDN downloading component to acquire the video data from the PCDN node if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data is allowed to be acquired from the PCDN node so as to save bandwidth; if the pre-load information indicates that the video data is not allowed to be acquired from the PCDN node, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data from the CDN node, so that unnecessary expenditure of the PCDN downloading component is avoided (for example, the use of a CDN/PCDN scheduler in the PCDN downloading component is reduced), and video playing experience is ensured.
In addition, in the video-on-demand stage of the video B, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data is allowed to be acquired from the PCDN node, but the acquisition of the video data fails after the PCDN downloading component is started, the pre-loading information is indicated to be lagged, at this time, the PCDN downloading component can be exited, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data, and the pre-loading information is updated, so that when the video B is on-demand again, the updated pre-loading information can be used for guiding the video data acquisition process of the video B, and the situation of poor video playing experience caused by the adoption of the lagged pre-loading information is avoided.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Here, the video data acquisition method is performed by a client, which may be hardware or software. When the client is hardware, it may be a variety of electronic devices that have a display screen and are capable of resource handling, including but not limited to smartphones, tablet computers, laptop and desktop computers, and the like. When the client is software, it may be installed in the above-listed electronic device, which may be implemented as a plurality of software or software modules, or may be implemented as a single software or software module. The present invention is not particularly limited herein.
Referring to fig. 6, in step 601, in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, preload information is acquired, where the video data is video data of a first video, and the preload information includes data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, where the data acquisition information indicates an acquisition condition of a part of video data of the first video, and the part of video data of the first video is acquired in advance by the first data acquisition mode.
Here, the first video is a long video or a short video, and the first data acquisition mode is video data acquisition through a peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN downloading component. When partial video data of a first video is acquired in advance, the PCDN downloading component firstly acquires the video data through the PCDN database in the PCDN downloading component, if the video data acquisition fails, the information of the failure video data acquisition is sent to the CDN/PCDN dispatcher, and the CDN/PCDN dispatcher decides to acquire the video data through the CDN database according to the received information, so that data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode can be generated.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a number of network nodes and a node check code related to the first data acquisition manner, where the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition manner refer to a number of PCDN nodes and a PCDN node check code when video data is acquired from a PCDN node through a PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly, and specifically, the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether the video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node, for example, if the number of PCDN nodes is 0, it indicates that there is no PCDN node, and at this time, in order to ensure that a portion of video data of the first video can be acquired in advance, video data can be acquired through a PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly, and in the data acquisition information, a case that video data can be acquired through the PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly is recorded as 0. In this way, by recording the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode in the pre-loading information, it can clearly indicate whether the video data can be acquired in the first data acquisition mode, so that the downloading component layer determines the video data acquisition mode of the first video in formal playing according to the pre-loading information.
In another embodiment, the preloaded information includes, in addition to the data acquisition information of the first data acquisition mode, a downlink speed related to the first data acquisition mode (for example, a downlink speed of the PCDN node), a time-consuming or buffered video size of a first data packet when the partial video data is acquired by the first data acquisition mode, and so on, so as to further help determine whether the video data of the first video can be acquired by the first data acquisition mode.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preload information may be generated by: and responding to an acquisition request of the initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by a player in the playing process of the second video, that is, the second video and the first video can be two videos which are played successively. The preloaded information may be generated according to the acquisition condition of the initial play data, where the initial play data refers to video data within a period of time from the video start time, for example, the first frame of the second video or the first frames of video data from the first frame, and the size of the acquired initial play data may be determined according to the specific conditions (for example, the current network condition, the size of the play area buffer, etc.). Because the initial playing data of the next video is obtained in advance in the playing stage of the previous video, the video can be directly played according to the initial playing data obtained in advance when the next video is played, and the first screen loading efficiency and the playing success rate of the next video are ensured. In addition, the process of acquiring the initial play data of the first video by the first data acquisition mode may refer to the foregoing process of generating the data acquisition information by the first data acquisition mode, which is not described in detail herein for brevity of the description.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a generation process of preloaded information according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 7, a video B may be preloaded during a play phase of the video a, and preload information of the video B may be generated. Specifically, during the playing process of the video a (taking on demand as an example here), the player sends a request for obtaining video data of the video a to the download component layer, and the download component layer obtains initial playing data from the CDN node or the PCDN node in response to the request and submits the initial playing data to the player until the video a is successfully played. After the data buffering of the video a is completed, the player may send a request for obtaining part of the video data of the video B to the download component layer, and in response to the request, the download component layer starts the PCDN download component (i.e., the first data obtaining mode) first, obtains the initial play data of the video B from the PCDN node through the PCDN download library of the PCDN download component, and if the initial play data is not obtained, obtains the initial play data of the video B from the CDN node through the CDN download library of the PCDN download component. Thereafter, the download component layer may generate the pre-load information for the video B, where the pre-load information may be stored in the form of < key, value >, the stored pre-load information may include data acquisition information including a number of network nodes and a node check code, for example, the number of network nodes is the number of PCDN nodes, for example, may be expressed as "< PCDN node number, N >", indicating that there are N PCDN nodes that may provide video data download for the video B, the node check code is a PCDN check code, for example, may be expressed as "< PCDN present check code, true/False >", indicating whether the PCDN node data carries the data check code, true indicates carry, and False indicates no carry. The pre-load information may further include a node's downlink parameter, a node overhead of the first data block, and a buffered video size, e.g., the node's downlink parameter is a downlink speed of the PCDN node, e.g., may be expressed as "< PCDN downlink speed, M kbps >" indicating that the downlink speed of the PCDN node is M kbps, the node overhead of the first data block is a time consuming the first data packet inside the PCDN node's first request data block, e.g., may be expressed as "< PCDN first-slice delay, T ms >", indicating that the first data packet inside the PCDN node's first request data block is time consuming T ms, and the buffered video size is a size of the pre-loaded video B, e.g., may be expressed as "< pre-load buffer size, C KB >", indicating that the size of the pre-loaded video B is C KB).
According to the pre-loading information of the video B shown in fig. 7, it can be quickly and comprehensively known whether to allow the video data to be acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component, so that the video data acquisition mode of the video B in the formal playing process is guided according to the pre-loading information of the video B.
Referring back to fig. 6, at step 602, video data may be acquired using one of a first data acquisition mode and a second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, video data may be acquired using a first data acquisition mode in the presence of both the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode, and video data may be acquired using a second data acquisition mode in the absence of the number of network nodes and/or the node check code. Here, the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode refer to the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code, and the second data acquisition mode is to acquire video data through a content delivery network CDN downloading component. Specifically, since the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component, if both are present, it is indicated that video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component in a very high probability, and thus, in order to reduce the bandwidth cost of video playback, the PCDN downloading component can be started to acquire video data at this time (i.e., through the first data acquisition mode), and when one or both of the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are not present at the same time, it is indicated that the probability of acquiring video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN library of the PCDN downloading component is very low, and in order to ensure the video playback experience, the CDN downloading component can be started to acquire video data at this time (i.e., through the second data acquisition mode).
Here, how to determine the manner of acquiring video data at the time of the formal playback stage of the first video can be described with reference to the preload information generated in fig. 7. For example, in the pre-load information generated in fig. 7, the number of network nodes is "< PCDN node number, 2>", the node check code is "< PCDN presence check code, true >", which indicates that a PCDN node is present and available, at this time, a PCDN downloading component may be started, and video data is acquired through the PCDN downloading component (i.e., the first data acquisition mode), so as to save bandwidth; if the number of network nodes in the pre-load information generated in fig. 7 is "< PCDN node number, 0>", or the node check code is "< PCDN presence check code, false >", it indicates that there is no PCDN node, or the PCDN node is unavailable, at this time, after the PCDN downloading component is started, video data cannot be obtained through the PCDN repository, and the purpose of saving bandwidth cannot be achieved, and because of the existence of the CDN/PCDN scheduler, the playing experience of the video is also affected, at this time, the CDN downloading component (i.e., the first data obtaining manner) can be started to obtain the video data, thereby guaranteeing the video playing experience.
In one embodiment, when the video data is acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, the video data is kept acquired by using the first data acquisition mode so as to save video playing bandwidth, and when the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode, the video data is acquired by using the second data acquisition mode so as to ensure video playing experience. Specifically, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data can be obtained from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, then in the playing stage of the first video, starting the PCDN downloading component, obtaining the video data of the first video through the PCDN downloading component, and if the video data can be obtained through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, continuously using the PCDN downloading component to obtain the video data, thereby saving bandwidth; if the PCDN library passing through the PCDN downloading component cannot acquire the video data at a certain time, the video data is immediately acquired from the CDN node through the CDN library of the PCDN downloading component, and in the subsequent video data acquisition process, the PCDN downloading component is closed, and the CDN downloading component is started and used for acquiring the video data, so that video playing experience is ensured.
In another embodiment, the pre-load information may also be updated after the video data is acquired using the second data acquisition mode, and illustratively at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode may be updated. Specifically, if the preloaded information indicates that the video data can be acquired through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, but the video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN repository in the process of actually acquiring the video data, in order to ensure the video playing experience, the video data is immediately acquired through the CDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, and the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the subsequent video data, in the process, because the actual data acquisition mode is changed, the preloaded information is synchronously updated so as to be used for correctly guiding the subsequent video data acquisition. For example, the user may watch the same video multiple times, that is, the video data of the same video may be acquired multiple times, if the preloading information of the video is not updated, the available video data acquisition mode indicated in the preloading information lags behind the actual situation, the video data may not be acquired according to the lagged preloading information, and the video playing experience is affected, so, in order to avoid the situation that the video playing experience is poor caused by acquiring the video data through the lagged preloading information when the video data is acquired next time (that is, the preloading information may be updated to be consistent with the actual situation when the video data cannot be acquired through the first data acquisition mode (that is, the video data is not acquired). Here, the case where the video data cannot be acquired includes, but is not limited to, the absence of a network node corresponding to the first data acquisition method, and/or the inquiry of no check information related to the first data acquisition method, etc., for example, in the case where the video data is acquired by the PCDN downloading component, the case where the video data cannot be acquired may include the absence of a PCDN node, or the inquiry of no PCDN check information, or the absence of a PCDN node and the inquiry of no PCDN check information, the number of PCDN nodes in the preloaded information may be updated to 0 for the absence of a PCDN node, and "< PCDN present check code, true >" in the preloaded information may be updated to "< PCDN present check code, false >".
Referring back to fig. 6, the acquired video data may be transmitted to the player in step 603.
The solution shown in the foregoing embodiment directs the acquisition of video data based on the pre-load information of the video, and may enable the PCDN downloading component to acquire the video data (i.e., by the first data acquisition mode) under the condition that the PCDN downloading component is allowed to acquire the video data, since the bandwidth cost for acquiring the video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component is lower, the bandwidth cost can be reduced by acquiring the video data through the PCDN downloading component; under the condition that the PCDN downloading component is not allowed to acquire the video data, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data (namely, through a second data acquisition mode), unnecessary PCDN downloading attempts can be avoided, and video playing experience is guaranteed.
Based on a combination of one or more of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 8 illustrates a video on demand control flow in a specific application scenario.
Referring to fig. 8, a video B is divided into four data blocks, and when playing, a player first plays the video data preloaded in a buffer area (for example, when the preloaded video data is data block 1, the data block 1 is played), and simultaneously requests subsequent video data from a downloading component layer, and after receiving the data request, the downloading component layer reads the preloaded information of the video B, and determines whether to allow starting the PCDN downloading component according to data acquisition information "< PCDN node number, N >" and "< PCDN existence check, true/False >" in the preloaded information, and when a PCDN node (i.e., N > 0) exists and a PCDN check code exists, determines to allow starting the PCDN downloading component to perform PCDN downloading, otherwise, starting the CDN downloading component to perform CDN downloading. Here, since the acquiring mode of the video data is determined through the pre-loading information, when the start of the PCDN downloading component is not allowed, the CDN downloading component is started to acquire the video data, so that the scheduling overhead of the CDN/PCDN scheduler is avoided, and the video playing experience is ensured. In addition, if the PCDN downloading is successful, the downloading of the video data through the PCDN component is continuously maintained, if the PCDN downloading is failed, the preloading information of the video B is changed, the PCDN downloading component can be closed, the CDN downloading component is started to download the video data, and the preloading information of the video B is updated.
Video on demand (long video or short video) according to the control flow shown in fig. 8, a PCDN downloading component in the downloading component layer may be started to download video while allowing the use of PCDN downloading to reduce bandwidth costs; under the condition that PCDN downloading is not allowed, starting a CDN downloading component in a downloading component layer to download the video so as to ensure video playing experience. Compared with the video downloading method by only using the PCDN downloading component, the bandwidth cost is equal, but the loading efficiency and the playing success rate of the first screen can be improved by 1/1000-5/100, and correspondingly, the average video playing time length can be improved by 1/1000-5/1000. Compared with CDN downloading by using only the CDN downloading component, the bandwidth cost of the CDN downloading component can be greatly reduced due to the fact that the PCDN downloading component is used for downloading video data, and meanwhile good video playing experience can be guaranteed.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a video data acquisition apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 9, a video data acquisition apparatus 900 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may include a preload information acquisition unit 901, a video data acquisition unit 902, and a video data transmission unit 903.
The preload information acquiring unit 901 may acquire preload information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by the player, where the video data is video data of a first video, and the preload information includes data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, where the data acquisition information indicates an acquisition condition of a part of video data of the first video, where the part of video data of the first video is acquired in advance by the first data acquisition mode.
Here, the first video is a long video or a short video, and the first data acquisition mode is video data acquisition through a peer-to-peer content distribution network PCDN downloading component. When partial video data of a first video is acquired in advance, the PCDN downloading component firstly acquires the video data through the PCDN database in the PCDN downloading component, if the video data acquisition fails, the information of the failure video data acquisition is sent to the CDN/PCDN dispatcher, and the CDN/PCDN dispatcher decides to acquire the video data through the CDN database according to the received information, so that data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode can be generated.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition information includes at least one of a number of network nodes and a node check code related to the first data acquisition manner, where the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition manner refer to a number of PCDN nodes and a PCDN node check code when video data is acquired from a PCDN node through a PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly, and specifically, the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether the video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node, for example, if the number of PCDN nodes is 0, it indicates that there is no PCDN node, and at this time, in order to ensure that a portion of video data of the first video can be acquired in advance, video data can be acquired through a PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly, and in the data acquisition information, a case that video data can be acquired through the PCDN database in the PCDN download assembly is recorded as 0. In this way, by recording the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode in the pre-loading information, it can clearly indicate whether the video data can be acquired in the first data acquisition mode, so that the downloading component layer determines the video data acquisition mode of the first video in formal playing according to the pre-loading information.
In another embodiment, the preloaded information includes, in addition to the data acquisition information of the first data acquisition mode, a downlink speed related to the first data acquisition mode (for example, a downlink speed of the PCDN node), a time-consuming or buffered video size of a first data packet when the partial video data is acquired by the first data acquisition mode, and so on, so as to further help determine whether the video data of the first video can be acquired by the first data acquisition mode.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preload information may be generated by: and responding to an acquisition request of the initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in a first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by a player in the playing process of the second video, that is, the second video and the first video can be two videos which are played successively. The preloaded information may be generated according to the acquisition condition of the initial play data, where the initial play data refers to video data within a period of time from the video start time, for example, the first frame of the second video or the first frames of video data from the first frame, and the size of the acquired initial play data may be determined according to the specific conditions (for example, the current network condition, the size of the play area buffer, etc.). Since the initial playing data of the next video is preloaded in the playing stage of the previous video, the video can be directly played according to the preloaded initial playing data when the next video is played, and the initial screen loading efficiency and the playing success rate of the next video are ensured.
The video data acquisition unit 902 may acquire video data using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the video data acquiring unit 902 may acquire video data using a first data acquiring manner in the case where the number of network nodes and the node check code are both present, and acquire video data using a second data acquiring manner in the case where the number of network nodes and/or the node check code are not present. Here, the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode refer to the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code, and the second data acquisition mode is to acquire video data through a content delivery network CDN downloading component. Specifically, since the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are key parameters reflecting whether video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, if both are present, it is indicated that video data can be successfully acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component in a very high probability, so, in order to reduce the bandwidth cost of video playing, the video data acquiring unit 902 may start the PCDN downloading component (i.e., through the first data acquiring manner) to acquire video data at this time, and when one or both of the number of PCDN nodes and the PCDN node check code are not present at the same time, it is indicated that the probability of acquiring video data from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component is very low, so as to ensure the video playing experience, and in this case, the video data acquiring unit 902 may start the CDN downloading component (i.e., through the second data acquiring manner) to acquire video data.
In addition, the video data acquiring unit 902 may further maintain to acquire video data using the first data acquiring mode when video data is acquired using the first data acquiring mode, so as to save video playing bandwidth, and acquire video data using the second data acquiring mode when video data is not acquired using the first data acquiring mode, so as to ensure video playing experience. Specifically, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data can be acquired through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, the video data acquiring unit 902 may start the PCDN downloading component in the playing stage of the first video, acquire the video data of the first video through the PCDN downloading component, and if the video data can be acquired from the PCDN node through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, continuously use the PCDN downloading component to acquire the video data, thereby saving bandwidth; if the PCDN library passing through the PCDN downloading component cannot acquire the video data at a certain time, the video data is immediately acquired from the CDN node through the CDN library of the PCDN downloading component, and in the subsequent video data acquisition process, the PCDN downloading component is closed, and the CDN downloading component is started and used for acquiring the video data, so that video playing experience is ensured.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the video data acquisition unit 902 may further update the pre-load information after acquiring the video data using the second data acquisition mode, and the video data acquisition unit 902 may update at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code related to the first data acquisition mode, for example. Specifically, if the pre-loading information indicates that the video data acquiring unit 902 can acquire video data through the PCDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, but in the process of actually acquiring video data, the video data cannot be acquired through the PCDN repository, in order to ensure video playing experience, the video data is immediately acquired through the CDN repository of the PCDN downloading component, and the CDN downloading component is started to acquire subsequent video data, in this process, because the actual data acquiring mode is changed, the pre-loading information is synchronously updated so as to be used for correctly guiding the subsequent video data acquisition. For example, the user may watch the same video multiple times, that is, the video data of the same video may be acquired multiple times (the user may watch the same video multiple times), if the preloading information of the video is not updated, the available video data acquisition mode indicated in the preloading information is lagged behind the actual situation, the video data may not be acquired according to the lagged preloading information, and the video playing experience is affected, so, in order to avoid the situation that the video playing experience is poor due to the fact that the video data is acquired through the lagged preloading information when the video data is acquired next time, when the video data cannot be acquired through the first data acquisition mode (that is, the video data acquisition failure) is caused, the update updates the preloading information to be consistent with the actual situation. Here, the case where the video data cannot be acquired includes, but is not limited to, the absence of a network node corresponding to the first data acquisition method, and/or the lack of check information related to the first data acquisition method, etc., for example, in the case where the first data acquisition method is video data acquisition by the PCDN download component, the absence of a PCDN node, or the lack of check information for the PCDN node, or the absence of a PCDN node and the lack of check information for the PCDN, the number of PCDN nodes in the preloaded information may be updated to 0 for the absence of a PCDN node, and "< PCDN present check code, true >" in the preloaded information may be updated to "< PCDN present check code, false >".
The video data transmitting unit 903 may transmit the acquired video data to the player.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device 1000 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 10, an electronic device 1000 includes at least one memory 1001 and at least one processor 1002, the at least one memory 1001 having stored therein a set of computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1002, perform a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
By way of example, the electronic device 1000 may be a PC computer, tablet device, personal digital assistant, smart phone, or other device capable of executing the above-described set of instructions. Here, the electronic device 1000 is not necessarily a single electronic device, but may be any apparatus or a collection of circuits capable of executing the above-described instructions (or instruction sets) individually or in combination. The electronic device 1000 may also be part of an integrated control system or system manager, or may be configured as a portable electronic device that interfaces with either locally or remotely (e.g., via wireless transmission).
In electronic device 1000, processor 1002 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processor (GPU), a programmable logic device, a special purpose processor system, a microcontroller, or a microprocessor. By way of example, and not limitation, processors may also include analog processors, digital processors, microprocessors, multi-core processors, processor arrays, network processors, and the like.
The processor 1002 may execute instructions or code stored in the memory 1001, wherein the memory 1001 may also store data. The instructions and data may also be transmitted and received over a network via a network interface device, which may employ any known transmission protocol.
The memory 1001 may be integrated with the processor 1002, for example, RAM or flash memory disposed within an integrated circuit microprocessor or the like. In addition, the memory 1001 may include a separate device, such as an external disk drive, a storage array, or other storage device that may be used by any database system. The memory 1001 and the processor 1002 may be operatively coupled or may communicate with each other, for example, through an I/O port, a network connection, etc., so that the processor 1002 can read files stored in the memory.
In addition, the electronic device 1000 may also include a video display (such as a liquid crystal display) and a user interaction interface (such as a keyboard, mouse, touch input device, etc.). All components of the electronic device 1000 may be connected to each other via buses and/or networks.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may also be provided, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform a video data acquisition method according to the present disclosure. Examples of the computer readable storage medium herein include: read-only memory (ROM), random-access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random-access memory (RAM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), flash memory, nonvolatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD + R, CD-RW, CD+RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD + R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, blu-ray or optical disk storage, hard Disk Drives (HDD), solid State Disks (SSD), card memory (such as multimedia cards, secure Digital (SD) cards or ultra-fast digital (XD) cards), magnetic tape, floppy disks, magneto-optical data storage, hard disks, solid state disks, and any other means configured to store computer programs and any associated data, data files and data structures in a non-transitory manner and to provide the computer programs and any associated data, data files and data structures to a processor or computer to enable the processor or computer to execute the programs. The computer programs in the computer readable storage media described above can be run in an environment deployed in a computer device, such as a client, host, proxy device, server, etc., and further, in one example, the computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures are distributed across networked computer systems such that the computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures are stored, accessed, and executed in a distributed fashion by one or more processors or computers.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer program product may also be provided, instructions in which are executable by a processor of a computer device to complete a video data acquisition method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
According to the video data acquisition method, the device, the equipment and the medium, partial video data is acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the preloaded information is generated according to the acquisition condition of the partial video data, so that the video data can be acquired by selectively using the first data acquisition mode or the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information in the preloaded information.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A video data acquisition method, comprising:
acquiring pre-loading information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, wherein the video data are video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents acquisition conditions of partial video data of the first video, the partial video data of the first video are acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the data acquisition information comprises at least one of the number of network nodes and node check codes related to the first data acquisition mode;
acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information;
the obtained video data is sent to the player;
wherein the acquiring the video data according to the data acquisition information using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode includes: acquiring the video data by using the first data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and the node check code exist; and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check code are not present.
2. The video data acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the preload information is generated by:
responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in the first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of the second video;
and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
3. The video data acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
in the case where the video data is acquired using the first data acquisition means, the video data is kept acquired using the first data acquisition means.
4. The video data acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode.
5. The video data acquisition method of claim 4, wherein after the video data is acquired using the second data acquisition mode, the method further comprises:
Updating the pre-load information.
6. The video data acquisition method of claim 5, wherein the updating the preload information comprises:
updating at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode.
7. A video data acquisition apparatus, comprising:
a preload information acquiring unit configured to: acquiring pre-loading information in response to a request for acquiring video data sent by a player, wherein the video data are video data of a first video, the pre-loading information comprises data acquisition information of a first data acquisition mode, the data acquisition information represents acquisition conditions of partial video data of the first video, the partial video data of the first video are acquired in advance through the first data acquisition mode, and the data acquisition information comprises at least one of the number of network nodes and node check codes related to the first data acquisition mode;
a video data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring the video data by using one of the first data acquisition mode and the second data acquisition mode according to the data acquisition information;
A video data transmission unit configured to: the obtained video data is sent to the player;
wherein the video data acquisition unit is further configured to: acquiring the video data by using the first data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and the node check code exist; and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the number of the network nodes and/or the node check code are not present.
8. The video data acquisition device of claim 7, wherein the preload information is generated by:
responding to an acquisition request of initial playing data of the first video, and acquiring the initial playing data of the first video in the first data acquisition mode, wherein the acquisition request is sent by the player in the playing process of the second video;
and generating the preloading information according to the acquisition condition of the initial playing data.
9. The video data acquisition device of claim 7, wherein the video data acquisition unit is further configured to:
in the case where the video data is acquired using the first data acquisition means, the video data is kept acquired using the first data acquisition means.
10. The video data acquisition device of claim 7, wherein the video data acquisition unit is further configured to:
and acquiring the video data by using the second data acquisition mode under the condition that the video data is not acquired by using the first data acquisition mode.
11. The video data acquisition apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a preload information update unit configured to:
updating the pre-load information.
12. The video data acquisition device of claim 11, wherein the preload information update unit is configured to:
updating at least one of the number of network nodes and the node check code associated with the first data acquisition mode.
13. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor;
at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions,
wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the video data acquisition method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
14. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the video data acquisition method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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