CN115062391B - Main-passenger water separation method for measured data of water measuring weir behind dam - Google Patents
Main-passenger water separation method for measured data of water measuring weir behind dam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a main-passenger water separation method for measured data of a water measuring weir behind a dam, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining a calculation area; s2, collecting actual measurement data and calculating a lag time sequence; s3, constructing a statistical regression model and an influence factor, and acquiring lag time; s4, verifying the lag time and judging whether the lag time is reasonable or not; if not, re-executing S2; s5, when judging reasonably, determining whether the measuring value of the measuring weir is affected by precipitation, selecting a sequence of water head values on the measuring weir in a period that the measuring value of the measuring weir is only affected by the reservoir water, calculating the corresponding outlet flow of the weir, and calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir; s6, constructing a circulating neural network to obtain seepage water entering a water measuring weir; s7, obtaining main water flowing out of a weir crest based on seepage water entering a water measuring weir; s8, separating passenger water based on the outlet flow of the water measuring weir and the main water flowing out of the weir. The application can effectively extract the seepage components of the dam reservoir water, thereby accurately analyzing the seepage resistance of the dam.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of dam seepage monitoring, and particularly relates to a post-dam water measuring weir measured data main-passenger water separation method.
Background
The post-dam water measuring weir is an important facility for monitoring seepage and has very important significance for analyzing the seepage safety of the dam. Because the water measuring weir measuring value is difficult to distinguish whether the water is seepage (main water) of an upstream water reservoir or passenger water caused by seepage due to precipitation, great difficulty is brought to data analysis, and the water measuring weir measuring value behind the dam is seriously influenced by the water reduction and can not analyze the change of the seepage prevention performance of the dam body. The rainfall water weir measurement comprises the sum of water seepage of an upstream water reservoir, water seepage of the rainfall into a dam, water seepage of the rainfall into the dam through the upstream of the water weir, precipitation of super-seepage product flow and precipitation of the rainfall directly entering the open water surface of the water weir from the beginning, namely Q when slope runoff is generated Actual measurement ＝Q Upstream of +Q Rainfall infiltration +Q Measuring weir rainfall +Q Slope runoff The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the precipitation intensity is low, no slope runoff is generated, and the measured flow rate of the weir is measured as qmeasured=q Upstream of +Q Rainfall infiltration +Q Measuring weir rainfall . And the separation of the host water and the guest water is needed for accurately analyzing the seepage-proofing capability of the dam and evaluating the seepage safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a post-dam water measuring weir measured data main-passenger water separation method, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a post-dam water measuring weir measured data main passenger water separation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining an integral calculation area of a water measuring weir;
s2, collecting historical actual measurement data of the water level of an upstream reservoir and the change thereof, rainfall intensity and duration thereof, and calculating a lag time sequence from upstream to a water seepage weir of the reservoir at different time intervals based on the actual measurement data;
s3, constructing a statistical regression model and an influence factor of the lag time sequence based on the lag time sequence to acquire lag time;
s4, checking and verifying the lag time by adopting a tracing or comprehensive tracing method such as isotope, temperature, coloring agent and the like, and judging whether the lag time is reasonable or not; if not, re-executing S2;
s5, when judging reasonably, determining whether the measuring value of the measuring weir is affected by precipitation, selecting a sequence of water head values on the measuring weir in a period that the measuring value of the measuring weir is only affected by the reservoir water, calculating the corresponding outlet flow of the measuring weir, and calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir;
s6, constructing a threshold circulating neural network model based on the flow of the dam body due to the inflow of the reservoir water into the dam, and obtaining the inflow of the seepage water into the water measuring dam;
s7, calculating to obtain main water flowing out of the weir crest based on the seepage water flow entering the water measuring weir and based on the one-dimensional Saint Violet range group;
s8, separating passenger water based on the outlet flow of the water measuring weir crest and the main water flowing out of the weir crest.
Optionally, step S1 includes:
and determining the whole calculation area of the water measuring weir according to the union of the farthest influence ranges of inflow water entering the water measuring weir through seepage, rainfall infiltration and surface runoff entering the water measuring weir.
Optionally, the calculating of the lag time sequence includes:
for a heterogeneous anisotropic dam, when the coordinate axis direction is consistent with the infiltration main axis, the three-dimensional seepage problem is expressed as:
initial conditions:
H| t-0 ＝f 0 (x, y, z, 0) is within Ω
Head boundary:
at Γ 1 Upper part
Flow boundary:
at Γ 1 Upper part
Wherein Ω is the calculated percolation region, i.e., the boundary curve Γ 1 ，Γ 2 A composed investigation region; Γ -shaped structure 1 ，Γ 2 Boundary curves of known water head value and flow value respectively; r is (r) 1 Is a boundary curve Γ 2 Is a normal direction of (2); f (f) 0 (x, y, z, 0) is the initial water head value of each point in the calculation area; f (f) 1 (x, y, z, t) is Γ 1 A known head value; is Γ 2 Known flow rate.
Optionally, the calculating of the lag time series further includes:
describing the runoff process of a dam slope table by using a motion wave model, wherein the runoff process comprises the following continuity equation:
equation of motion:
wherein h is the water depth vertical to the slope direction, q is the single-wide flow, R is the rainfall intensity in the vertical direction, n man I is infiltration rate vertical to the slope surface, and alpha is the inclination angle of the slope surface;
and establishing a statistical regression model of the lag time based on the lag time T1 and the lag time T2 obtained by the calculation result.
Optionally, the influence factor of the lag time series includes T 1 And T is 2 Wherein:
T 1 the influence factors of (1) include the current reservoir water level, the water level per hour of the previous days and the change rate of the water level per unit time; t (T) 2 The influence factors of (1) comprise a rain intensity sequence per minute and a change sequence per minute; the magnitude of the influencing factor is verified based on a trial and error combined with a lag time.
Optionally, step S5 includes:
selecting a corresponding calculation method according to the type of the weir plate to calculate and obtain a corresponding water measuring weir crest outlet flow:
the calculation method when the weir plate type is a right-angle triangular weir comprises the following steps:
wherein Q is seepage flow, and the unit is m 3 S; h is the water head on the weir, and the unit is m.
The calculation method when the weir plate type is a trapezoidal weir is as follows:
wherein b is the width of the weir crest and the unit is m.
The calculation method when the weir plate type is a rectangular weir is as follows:
wherein B is the width of the weir groove, and the unit is m; p is the distance from the weir crest to the bottom of the weir trough, and the unit is m; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 。
And adopting a hydrodynamic model, taking a water body in the measuring weir as a research object, utilizing the measured water outlet quantity of the measuring weir, and calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir based on inversion of a one-dimensional Save Vigna equation set.
Optionally, the one-dimensional san veland equation set includes a continuous equation and a dynamic equation. The process for calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir based on inversion of the one-dimensional Save Vigna equation set comprises the following steps:
the continuous equation:
the power equation:
wherein h is the depth of water, and the unit is m; q is the section flow, the unit is m 2 S, n is the roughness of the side wall of the weir; g is gravity acceleration;
establishing random forest model flow Q of seepage and pool seepage after obtaining samples according to the numerical calculation result Upstream of ＝RF(Q Actual measurement Rainfall and its spatiotemporal distribution input factor), where Q Actual measurement To actually measure the water output of the weir, Q Upstream of Is the seepage water flow of the water measuring weir.
Optionally, step S6 further includes:
constructing an input factor, and screening the input factor based on a ten-fold cross validation method;
the input factors are factors influencing dam seepage flow and comprise lag time, upstream reservoir water level corresponding to the current moment and the lag time and a change sequence.
Optionally, step S8 includes: and S5, reducing the main water flowing out of the weir crest of the water measuring weir, and obtaining the passenger water.
The application has the technical effects that:
the application can effectively discharge the water quantity Q from the actually measured water weir Weir measuring assembly The seepage components of dam body reservoir water are extracted, so that the seepage resistance of the dam body is accurately analyzed, the influence of early-stage precipitation of different periods, different time lengths and strong rain on the measuring value of the water measuring weir can be overcome, and the method has very important significance for evaluating the seepage resistance safety of the dam. For the open-air water measuring weir behind the dam which is seriously affected by water fall, the separation accuracy of the open-air water measuring weir realizes a breakthrough of 0, all rainwater interferences of the total measured seepage flow of the water measuring weir are totally removed, and the effectiveness is more than 95%.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a main passenger water separation method of measured data of a post-dam water measuring weir in an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a threshold-cycling neural network unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Example 1
1-2, in this embodiment, a method for separating main water from main water according to measured data of a measuring weir behind a dam is provided, including:
step 1: according to the specific position of the water measuring weir, the whole calculation area is determined according to the union of the farthest influence ranges of inflow water, precipitation infiltration and surface runoff which possibly infiltrate into the water measuring weir, wherein the groundwater seepage calculation area is determined by hydrogeological conditions according to construction geological survey data and dam body structural materials, and the ground precipitation influence area is determined by mutually rechecking and drawing contour lines by combining terrain ground elevation measurement with unmanned plane laser radar (LiDAR) measurement.
Step 2: collecting actual measurement data of the water level and the change thereof, the rainfall intensity and the duration time of the historical upstream reservoir, and respectively adopting an unsteady seepage model and a rainfall seepage-runoff production flow mathematical model to calculate the lag time sequence T of reservoir water from upstream to seepage to a water measuring weir at different time intervals 1 And T 2 ；
For the anisotropic dam body, when the coordinate axis direction is consistent with the permeation main axis, the three-dimensional seepage problem can be summarized as the following solution problem:
initial conditions:
H| t-0 ＝f 0 (x, y, z, 0) is within Ω
Head boundary:
at Γ 1 Upper part
Flow boundary:
at Γ 2 Upper part
Wherein Ω is the calculated percolation region, i.e., the boundary curve Γ 1 ，Γ 2 A composed investigation region; Γ -shaped structure 1 ，Γ 2 Boundary curves of known water head value and flow value respectively; r is (r) 1 Is a boundary curve Γ 2 Is a normal direction of (2); f (f) 0 (x, y, z, 0) is the initial water head value of each point in the calculation area; f (f) 1 (x, y, z, t) is Γ 1 A known head value; is Γ 2 Known flow rate.
Describing the runoff process of a dam slope surface by adopting a motion wave model, wherein the runoff process comprises the following continuity equation:
equation of motion:
wherein h is the water depth vertical to the slope direction, q is the single-wide flow, R is the rainfall intensity in the vertical direction, n man I is the infiltration rate vertical to the slope surface, and alpha is the inclination angle of the slope surface.
Step 3: lag time T obtained by using the calculation result 1 And T 2 Establishing a statistical regression model of the lag time, wherein T 1 The influence factors include the current reservoir water level and the water level per hour and the change rate per unit time (m/min) of the previous days; t (T) 2 The influence factors of (a) include a rain intensity per minute sequence (mm/min) and a change per minute sequence; the specific factor is determined by adopting trial calculation and lag time verification;
step 4: according to the lag time calculated by the statistical model, adopting a tracing or comprehensive tracing method such as isotope, temperature, coloring agent and the like to verify the lag time, and if the lag time is unreasonable, turning to the step 2; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 5: determining whether a measuring value of a measuring weir is affected by precipitation according to historical precipitation and reservoir water change conditions, selecting a sequence of water head values on the measuring weir, which is only affected by reservoir water seepage, and selecting a corresponding calculation formula according to the type of a corresponding weir plate (triangular weir, rectangular weir or trapezoidal weir) to calculate and obtain a corresponding outlet flow of the measuring weir mouth:
the calculation method when the weir plate type is a right-angle triangular weir comprises the following steps:
wherein Q is seepage flow, and the unit is m 3 S; h is the water head on the weir, and the unit is m.
The calculation method when the weir plate type is a trapezoidal weir is as follows:
wherein b is the width of the weir crest and the unit is m.
The calculation method when the weir plate type is a rectangular weir is as follows:
wherein B is the width of the weir groove, and the unit is m; p is the distance from the weir crest to the bottom of the weir trough, and the unit is m; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 。
The water body in the measuring weir is taken as a research object by adopting a hydrodynamic model, and the water quantity Q discharged by the measuring weir is measured actually Actual measurement Inversion calculation of flow Q of weir body due to penetration of reservoir water into weir by adopting one-dimensional Save Vigna equation set Upstream of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein:
one-dimensional san View south group:
the continuous equation:
the power equation:
wherein h is the water depth (m); q is the section flow rate (m) 2 S), n is the roughness of the side wall of the weir; g is gravitational acceleration. Establishing random forest model flow Q of seepage and pool seepage after obtaining samples according to the numerical calculation result Upstream of ＝RF(Q Actual measurement Rainfall and its spatiotemporal distribution input factor).
Step 6: obtaining a flow Q according to the above step 5 Upstream of After sampling, establish flow Q Upstream of An =f (input factor) threshold cyclic neural network (GRU) model, where the input factors of the model include factors affecting dam seepage rate, such as lag time, upstream pool water level corresponding to the current time and lag time, and its change (water level change rate) sequence, and the like, and the factors are primarily determined according to seepage correlation and sensitivity analysis in combination with engineering experience, and finally, ten-fold cross-validation can be performed to trade off the final input factors according to a cross-validation curve.
Step 7: for the reservoir water level corresponding to the measured time of a water measuring weir at a certain time and the early measured value sequence thereof, calculating in the step 6 to obtain the seepage water flow Q entering the water measuring weir Upstream of Calculating to obtain main water flowing out of the weir crest according to the one-dimensional Saint Violet range group;
step 8: and (5) subtracting the main water in the step (7) according to the total water seepage quantity of the water measuring weir calculated in the step (5), and obtaining the passenger water.
The application avoids the mutual coupling of the reservoir water and the precipitation effect, avoids the introduction of step function, has small calculated amount and definite physical meaning, and can fully utilize the existing calculation program, parameters and reference related experience.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The main passenger-water separation method for the measured data of the water measuring weir behind the dam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining an integral calculation area of a water measuring weir;
s2, collecting historical actual measurement data of the water level of an upstream reservoir and the change thereof, rainfall intensity and duration thereof, and calculating a lag time sequence from upstream to a water seepage weir of the reservoir at different time intervals based on the actual measurement data;
s3, constructing a statistical regression model and an influence factor of the lag time sequence based on the lag time sequence to acquire lag time;
s4, checking and verifying the lag time by adopting an isotope, temperature and dye tracing or comprehensive tracing method, and judging whether the lag time is reasonable or not; if not, re-executing S2;
s5, when judging reasonably, determining whether the measuring value of the measuring weir is affected by precipitation, selecting a sequence of water head values on the measuring weir in a period that the measuring value of the measuring weir is only affected by the reservoir water, calculating the corresponding outlet flow of the measuring weir, and calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir;
s6, constructing a threshold circulating neural network model based on the flow of the dam body due to the inflow of the reservoir water into the dam, and obtaining the inflow of the seepage water into the water measuring dam;
s7, calculating to obtain main water flowing out of the weir crest based on the seepage water flow entering the water measuring weir and based on the one-dimensional Saint Violet range group;
s8, separating passenger water based on the outlet flow of the water measuring weir crest and the main water flowing out of the weir crest.
2. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data host-guest-water separation method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 comprises:
and determining the whole calculation area of the water measuring weir according to the union of the farthest influence ranges of inflow water entering the water measuring weir through seepage, rainfall infiltration and surface runoff entering the water measuring weir.
3. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data main-customer water separation method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating process of the lag time sequence comprises:
for a heterogeneous anisotropic dam, when the coordinate axis direction is consistent with the infiltration main axis, the three-dimensional seepage problem is expressed as:
initial conditions:
H| t-0 ＝f 0 (x, y, z, 0) is within Ω
Head boundary:
at Γ 1 Upper part
Flow boundary:
at Γ 2 Upper part
Wherein Ω is the calculated percolation region, i.e., the boundary curve Γ 1 ，Γ 2 A composed investigation region; Γ -shaped structure 1 ，Γ 2 Boundary curves of known water head value and flow value respectively; r is (r) 1 Is a boundary curve Γ 2 Is a normal direction of (2); f (f) 0 (x, y, z, 0) is the initial water head value of each point in the calculation area; f (f) 1 (x, y, z, t) is Γ 1 A known head value; is Γ 2 Known flow rate.
4. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data host-guest-water separation method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating process of the lag time series further comprises:
describing the runoff process of a dam slope table by using a motion wave model, wherein the runoff process comprises the following continuity equation:
equation of motion:
wherein h is the water depth vertical to the slope direction, q is the single-wide flow, R is the rainfall intensity in the vertical direction, n man I is infiltration rate vertical to the slope surface, and alpha is the inclination angle of the slope surface;
and establishing a statistical regression model of the lag time based on the lag time T1 and the lag time T2 obtained by the calculation result.
5. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data main-secondary-water separation method according to claim 1 wherein the influence factor of the lag time series comprises T 1 And T is 2 Wherein:
T 1 the influence factors of (1) include the current reservoir water level, the water level per hour of the previous days and the change rate of the water level per unit time; t (T) 2 The influence factors of (1) comprise a rain intensity sequence per minute and a change sequence per minute; the magnitude of the influencing factor is verified based on a trial and error combined with a lag time.
6. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data host-guest water separation method according to claim 1, wherein step S5 comprises:
selecting a corresponding calculation method according to the type of the weir plate to calculate and obtain a corresponding water measuring weir crest outlet flow:
the calculation method when the weir plate type is a right-angle triangular weir comprises the following steps:
wherein Q is seepage flow, and the unit is m 3 S; h is a water head on a weir, and the unit is m;
the calculation method when the weir plate type is a trapezoidal weir is as follows:
wherein b is the width of the weir crest, and the unit is m;
the calculation method when the weir plate type is a rectangular weir is as follows:
wherein B is the width of the weir groove, and the unit is m; p is the distance from the weir crest to the bottom of the weir trough, and the unit is m; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 ；
And adopting a hydrodynamic model, taking a water body in the measuring weir as a research object, utilizing the measured water outlet quantity of the measuring weir, and calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir based on inversion of a one-dimensional Save Vigna equation set.
7. The post-dam water dam measurement data main-customer water separation method according to claim 6, wherein the one-dimensional san veland equation set comprises a continuous equation and a dynamic equation; the process for calculating the flow of the weir body due to the penetration of the reservoir water into the weir based on inversion of the one-dimensional Save Vigna equation set comprises the following steps:
the continuous equation:
the power equation:
wherein h is the depth of water, and the unit is m; q is the section flow, the unit is m 2 S, n is the roughness of the side wall of the weir; g is gravity acceleration;
establishing random forest model flow Q of seepage and pool seepage after obtaining samples according to the numerical calculation result Upstream of ＝RF(Q Actual measurement Rainfall and its spatiotemporal distribution input factor), where Q Actual measurement To actually measure the water output of the weir, Q Upstream of Is the seepage water flow of the water measuring weir.
8. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data host-guest water separation method according to claim 1, wherein step S6 further comprises:
constructing an input factor, and screening the input factor based on a ten-fold cross validation method;
the input factors are factors influencing dam seepage flow and comprise lag time, upstream reservoir water level corresponding to the current moment and the lag time and a change sequence.
9. The post-dam water-measuring weir measured data host-guest water separation method according to claim 1, wherein step S8 comprises: and S5, reducing the main water flowing out of the weir crest of the water measuring weir, and obtaining the passenger water.
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| CN106960086A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-18 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of method based on Dam Monitoring data assessment seepage proof curtain reliability |
| CN114117913A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Dam post-dam open-air seepage monitoring system and measured value attribution analysis method |
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| CN106960086A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-18 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of method based on Dam Monitoring data assessment seepage proof curtain reliability |
| CN114117913A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Dam post-dam open-air seepage monitoring system and measured value attribution analysis method |
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