CN115061004B - Distribution ring network fault positioning method based on matrix algorithm - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution ring network fault positioning method based on a matrix algorithm, which comprises the following steps: step S1: according to the graph theory, simplifying the structure of the power distribution network to be tested into a connection relation graph between nodes and line segments; step S2: defining the direction of the main power supply of the power distribution network to be tested flowing to each distributed power supply and the tail end of the line as the positive direction of network power, and equivalently enabling the power distribution network to be tested to be a radiation type power distribution network; step S3: establishing a network description matrix; step S4: establishing a fault information matrix; step S5: establishing a fault discrimination matrix; step S6: establishing a fault criterion; step S7: a faulty section is obtained. The invention can realize rapid fault section positioning, is suitable for the traditional radiation type power distribution network, can realize accurate fault positioning for the annular power distribution network with power flowing in two directions, and simultaneously considers the influence on fault positioning when the T-junction section breaks down.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network fault positioning, in particular to a power distribution ring network fault positioning method based on a matrix algorithm.
Background
The related data show that 95% of power failure accidents of the power system occur in the power distribution network, and the accident asymmetric faults such as grounding or short-circuit caused by the lines account for about 85% of the total faults of the power distribution network. When a fault occurs at a certain point of the power grid, the fault is rapidly positioned, the fault area is rapidly isolated, and the power supply is recovered to the non-fault area by controlling related switches and power supplies, so that the reliability of the power supply is very important. Because the transmission network has a simple structure, various measurement monitoring devices are relatively perfect, and therefore, good effects are achieved for fault location. The distribution network has various structures, multiple circuit branches and different neutral point grounding modes, and in the distribution ring network, the bidirectional flow in the trend direction increases the difficulty of fault positioning.
The fault section positioning method commonly used in the prior art is mostly based on various electrical quantity information collected by FTU (feeder terminal equipment FEEDER TERMINAL unit). The fault location algorithm based on distribution network automation mainly comprises a direct algorithm and an indirect algorithm. The direct algorithm is based on graph theory, and fault location is realized through a network topology structure of the power distribution network, and mainly comprises an overheat arc searching method and a matrix algorithm; the matrix algorithm is widely applied due to the characteristics of simplicity, intuition, small calculated amount, high speed and the like. After the annular distribution network fails, the power flow direction changes. The FTU installed on each node uploads three logic signals of 1,0 and 1 to the distribution master station according to whether fault current is detected and whether the fault current flows in the same direction as the network positive direction.
However, a large number of T-connection sections exist in the power distribution network, and when such feeder line sections are in fault, different situations can occur in the information uploaded by the FTUs of different sub-nodes of the sections, so that fault positioning misjudgment can be caused. Therefore, a certain improvement is required to be made on the positioning criteria of the matrix algorithm fault positioning, so that the newly formed criteria can adapt to the power distribution network, and the situation that single and multiple faults occur under the condition that the T-junction section exists in the annular power distribution network can still be met, and the fault section can still be positioned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distribution ring network fault positioning method based on a matrix algorithm. The method aims at solving the problem that when single and multiple faults occur under the condition that the T-connection section exists in the existing annular power distribution network, the fault section cannot be located.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a distribution ring network fault positioning method based on a matrix algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1: according to the graph theory, simplifying the structure of the power distribution network to be tested into a connection relation graph between nodes and line segments;
Step S2: according to the connection relation diagram, defining the direction of the main power supply of the power distribution network to be tested flowing to each distributed power supply and the tail end of the line as the positive direction of network power, and equivalently enabling the power distribution network to be tested to be a radiation type power distribution network;
Step S3: according to the radiation type power distribution network, an asymmetric adjacency matrix describing the connection relation of all nodes in the power distribution network to be tested is established and defined as a network description matrix;
Step S4: the feeder terminal equipment is arranged on the node, fault detection is carried out on the node by adopting the feeder terminal equipment, a detection result is obtained, and a fault information matrix is established according to the detection result;
step S5: establishing a fault discrimination matrix according to the network description matrix and the fault information matrix;
Step S6: according to the fault discrimination matrix, a fault criterion is formulated to locate faults of each feeder line section of the power distribution network to be tested;
step S7: and analyzing the fault discrimination matrix according to the fault criteria to obtain a fault section.
Preferably, in the step S1, the node includes one or any combination of a disconnecting switch, a circuit breaker and a sectionalizing switch.
Preferably, in the step S1, the line segment is composed of a power transmission line connected to the node.
Preferably, in the step S2, a first node of the radiation type power distribution network, through which the current flows in the forward direction, is defined as a parent node, and the remaining nodes are all child nodes.
Preferably, in the step S3, the network description matrix is D n×n, n is the number of the nodes, and the element definition formula is:
wherein: i and j respectively represent a parent node and a child node of the same section;
D ij represents elements located in the ith row and jth column of the network description matrix D n×n.
Preferably, in the step S4, the fault detection includes determining the existence of a fault current, the flow direction of the fault current, and the positive direction of the network power, where the fault information matrix is G n, and the element definition formula is:
Wherein: g i denotes elements located on the i-th row of the failure information matrix G n.
Preferably, in the step S5, the fault determination matrix P has an element defined as
Wherein: p ij represents an element located in the ith row and jth column of the failure discrimination matrix P.
Preferably, in the step S6, the feeder line segment is divided into: a T-joint section, a tail end section and a common section to locate faults of each feeder line section of the power distribution network to be tested,
The T-junction section comprises three nodes; the end section comprises one node and is positioned at the branch end of the connection relation diagram; the normal section includes two of the nodes.
Preferably, in the step S6, the fault criteria are determined according to three conditions, including:
for j satisfying P ii=1、Pij =1, there is P jj =0 or-1 (j+.i);
For j satisfying P ii=-1、Pji =1, there is P jj =0 (j+.i);
for j satisfying P ii=0、Pij =1, there is P jj = -1 (j+.i),
Wherein: p ii represents an element located in the ith row and ith column of the fault discrimination matrix;
P ij represents an element located in the ith row and the jth column of the fault discrimination matrix;
p jj represents elements located in the j-th row and the j-th column of the fault discrimination matrix;
P ji denotes an element located in the j-th row and i-th column of the failure discrimination matrix.
Preferably, in the step S5, the fault criteria include:
Criterion one: if the feeder line section between the node i and the node j has faults under the condition that the alarm information of the power distribution network to be tested is uploaded correctly, the node i and the node j necessarily meet any one of the three conditions; otherwise, no fault occurs in the feeder line area between the node i and the node j,
If the common section is between the node i and the node j, determining that the fault section is in the feeder section formed by the node i and the node j,
And (2) a second criterion: if the T-junction section is between the node i and the node j, two sub-nodes exist in the T-junction section, and the two sub-nodes include: node j 1 and node j 2, respectively, validating the positioning results of said node i and said nodes j 1 and j 2 according to said criterion,
If the positioning results are the same, judging that the faults occur in the feeder line section of the T wiring; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of each child node is not equal to 1, the T wiring faults; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of any child node is equal to 1, the T wiring has no fault,
And (3) a criterion III: if the node i is in the end section and P ii=1、Pij =0 (i+.j) is satisfied, determining that the failure section is the end section corresponding to the node i.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The method for locating the rapid fault section with the complete theoretical support is provided, and the rapid fault section location can be realized;
2) The method not only can adapt to the traditional radiation type power distribution network, but also can realize accurate fault location for the annular power distribution network with power flowing in two directions;
3) The method also considers the influence on fault location when the T-joint section fails.
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For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are one embodiment of the present invention, and that, without inventive effort, other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art from these drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for positioning faults of a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a topology diagram of a ring power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for positioning the faults of the distribution ring network based on the matrix algorithm provided by the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments of fig. 1 and 2. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for the purpose of facilitating and clearly aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention. For a better understanding of the invention with objects, features and advantages, refer to the drawings. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that any modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes of structures, proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
In order to solve the problem that a fault section cannot be positioned when single and multiple faults occur under the condition of a T-connection section in the existing annular power distribution network, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for positioning faults of a power distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1: the structure of the power distribution network is simply described as a graph of the connection relationship between nodes and line segments by applying the relevant knowledge of graph theory. The node consists of an isolating switch, a circuit breaker and a sectionalizing switch, and the line segment consists of a power transmission line connected with the equipment.
Step S2: compared with the traditional radial distribution network, the active distribution network has complex power flow direction and increases difficulty in fault location. Therefore, the direction of network power flowing from the main power supply to each distributed power supply and the end of the line is firstly set to be positive, so that the power distribution network is equivalent to a traditional radiation type power distribution network, the first node flowing in the positive direction in each section is defined as a father node, and the rest nodes are defined as child nodes.
Step S3: a network description matrix D n×n is established, wherein n is the number of nodes. The essence is an asymmetric adjacency matrix describing the connection relation of all nodes in the power distribution network, and the elements are defined as follows:
Wherein: i and j respectively represent a parent node and a child node of the same section
For a T-junction segment, there is a parent node and two child nodes, and the connection relationship between the child nodes is specified to be 0.
Step S4: and establishing a fault information matrix G n uploaded by the node. After the ring network fails, the power flow direction changes. The FTU (feeder terminal device FEEDER TERMINAL unit) installed at each node will upload three logic signals "1,0, -1" to the distribution master station depending on whether a fault current is detected and whether the fault current flow direction is the same as the network positive direction. The elements of the fault information matrix G n are defined as follows:
Wherein: g i denotes elements located on the i-th row of the failure information matrix G n.
Step S5: and establishing a fault discrimination matrix according to the network description matrix and the fault information matrix.
In the step S5, the failure determination matrix P has an element defined as
Wherein: p ij represents an element located in the ith row and jth column of the failure discrimination matrix P.
Step S6: for convenience in locating faults of different feeder sections, a feeder is a term in a power distribution network, and may refer to a branch connected with any distribution network node, and may be a feed-in branch or a feed-out branch. But because the typical topology of the distribution network is radial, the energy flow in most feeders is unidirectional. We can feed power to the opposite end through the feeder, but it is not possible to feed power to us if we do not. However, in order to improve the power supply reliability, the distribution network structure is complicated to change, and the power transmission is not always in one direction. So roughly speaking, the branches in a distribution network can be referred to as feeders.
The feeder line sections are divided into: a T-junction section, an end section, and a normal section, the T-junction section including three of the nodes (section (4) as shown in fig. 2); the end section includes one of the nodes and is located at the branch end of the connection diagram (section (5) shown in fig. 2); the common section comprises two nodes and has the following fault criteria:
Criterion one: in the step S6, the fault criteria are determined according to three conditions, including: for j satisfying P ii=1、Pij =1, there is P jj =0 or-1 (j+.i); for j satisfying P ii=-1、Pji =1, there is P jj =0 (j+.i); for j satisfying P ii=0、Pij =1, there is P jj = -1 (j+.i).
Wherein: p ii represents an element located in the ith row and ith column of the fault discrimination matrix; p ij represents an element located in the ith row and the jth column of the fault discrimination matrix; p jj represents elements located in the j-th row and the j-th column of the fault discrimination matrix; p ji denotes an element located in the j-th row and i-th column of the failure discrimination matrix.
If the feeder line section between the node i and the node j has faults under the condition that the alarm information of the power distribution network to be tested is uploaded correctly, the node i and the node j necessarily meet any one of the three conditions; otherwise, no fault occurs in the feeder line area between the node i and the node j.
If the common section is between the node i and the node j, determining that the fault section is in the feeder section formed by the node i and the node j.
And (2) a second criterion: if the T-junction section is between the node i and the node j, two sub-nodes exist in the T-junction section, and the two sub-nodes include: node j 1 and node j 2 verify the positioning results of node i and node j 1 and node j 2, respectively, according to the criterion.
If the positioning results are the same, judging that the faults occur in the feeder line section of the T wiring; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of each child node is not equal to 1, the T wiring faults; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of any child node is equal to 1, the T wiring is fault-free.
And (3) a criterion III: if the node i is in the end section and P ii=1、Pij =0 (i+.j) is satisfied, determining that the failure section is the end section corresponding to the node i.
Step S7: and analyzing elements in the matrix P by using fault criteria so as to judge the fault section.
In summary, the present embodiment provides a clear and relatively complete method for locating a fault section with theoretical support, so that the fault section can be located quickly; the method of the embodiment not only can adapt to the traditional radiation type power distribution network, but also can realize accurate fault location for the ring type power distribution network with bidirectional flow of power, and meanwhile, the embodiment considers the influence on fault location when the T-junction section breaks down, and solves the problem that the fault section cannot be located when single and multiple faults occur under the condition of the T-junction section in the existing ring type power distribution network.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be noted that the apparatus and methods disclosed in the embodiments herein may be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, flow diagrams and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments herein. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments herein may be integrated together to form a single part, or the modules may exist alone, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single part.
While the present invention has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Many modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a distribution looped netowrk fault location method based on matrix algorithm which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step S1: according to the graph theory, simplifying the structure of the power distribution network to be tested into a connection relation graph between nodes and line segments;
Step S2: according to the connection relation diagram, defining the direction of the main power supply of the power distribution network to be tested flowing to each distributed power supply and the tail end of the line as the positive direction of network power, and equivalently enabling the power distribution network to be tested to be a radiation type power distribution network;
step S3: according to the radiation type power distribution network, an asymmetric adjacency matrix describing the connection relation of all nodes in the power distribution network to be tested is established and defined as a network description matrix;
Step S4: the feeder terminal equipment is arranged on the node, fault detection is carried out on the node by adopting the feeder terminal equipment, a detection result is obtained, and a fault information matrix is established according to the detection result;
step S5: establishing a fault discrimination matrix according to the network description matrix and the fault information matrix;
Step S6: according to the fault discrimination matrix, a fault criterion is formulated to locate faults of each feeder line section of the power distribution network to be tested;
step S7: and analyzing the fault discrimination matrix according to the fault criteria to obtain a fault section.
2. The method for locating faults in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the node comprises one or any combination of a disconnecting switch, a circuit breaker and a sectionalizing switch.
3. A method for locating a fault in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm according to claim 2, characterized in that in said step S1, said line segments consist of transmission lines connecting said nodes.
4. A method for locating a fault in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm as claimed in claim 3, wherein in said step S2, a first of said nodes flowing in said positive direction in each section of said radial distribution network is defined as a parent node, and the remaining nodes are all child nodes.
5. The method for locating faults in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm according to claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the network description matrix is D n×n, n is the number of the nodes, and the element definition formula is:
wherein: i and j respectively represent a parent node and a child node of the same section;
D ij represents elements located in the ith row and jth column of the network description matrix D n×n.
6. The method for locating a fault in a power distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step S4, the fault detection includes determining existence of a fault current, a flow direction of the fault current and a positive direction of network power, the fault information matrix is G n, and an element definition formula is:
Wherein: g i denotes elements located on the i-th row of the failure information matrix G n.
7. The method for locating a fault in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm as claimed in claim 6, wherein in said step S5, said fault discrimination matrix P has an element defined by the formula
Wherein: p ij represents an element located in the ith row and jth column of the failure discrimination matrix P.
8. The method for locating faults in a distribution ring network based on matrix algorithm of claim 7, wherein in the step S6, the feeder line segments are divided into: a T-joint section, a tail end section and a common section to locate faults of each feeder line section of the power distribution network to be tested,
The T-junction section comprises three nodes; the end section comprises one node and is positioned at the branch end of the connection relation diagram; the normal section includes two of the nodes.
9. The method for locating a fault in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm according to claim 8, wherein in said step S6, said fault criteria is determined according to three conditions, said three conditions comprising:
For j satisfying P ii=1、Pij =1, there is P jj =0 or-1, where j+.i;
For j satisfying P ii=-1、Pji =1, there is P jj =0, where j+.i;
For j satisfying P ii=0、Pij =1, there is P jj = -1, where j+.i,
Wherein: p ii represents an element located in the ith row and ith column of the fault discrimination matrix;
P ij represents an element located in the ith row and the jth column of the fault discrimination matrix;
p jj represents elements located in the j-th row and the j-th column of the fault discrimination matrix;
P ji denotes an element located in the j-th row and i-th column of the failure discrimination matrix.
10. The method for locating faults in a distribution ring network based on a matrix algorithm as claimed in claim 9, wherein in said step S5, said fault criteria comprises:
Criterion one: if the feeder line section between the node i and the node j has faults under the condition that the alarm information of the power distribution network to be tested is uploaded correctly, the node i and the node j necessarily meet any one of the three conditions; otherwise, no fault occurs in the feeder line area between the node i and the node j,
If the common section is between the node i and the node j, determining that the fault section is in the feeder section formed by the node i and the node j,
And (2) a second criterion: if the T-junction section is between the node i and the node j, two sub-nodes exist in the T-junction section, and the two sub-nodes include: node j 1 and node j 2, respectively, validating the positioning results of said node i and said nodes j 1 and j 2 according to said criterion,
If the positioning results are the same, judging that the faults occur in the feeder line section of the T wiring; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of each child node is not equal to 1, the T wiring faults; if the positioning results are contradictory and the overcurrent information of any child node is equal to 1, the T wiring has no fault,
And (3) a criterion III: if the node i is in the end section and P ii=1、Pij =0 is satisfied, where i is not equal to j, determining that the failure section is the end section corresponding to the node i.
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CN115808590A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南通供电分公司 | Power distribution network fault detection processing method based on feeder line information analysis |
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CN113899981A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-07 | 国家电网有限公司技术学院分公司 | Distributed power supply distribution network fault positioning method and system based on matrix algorithm |
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